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25 
26 package javax.sound.midi;
27 
28 import com.sun.media.sound.MidiUtils;
29 
30 /**
31  * A {@code SysexMessage} object represents a MIDI system exclusive message.
32  * <p>
33  * When a system exclusive message is read from a MIDI file, it always has a
34  * defined length. Data from a system exclusive message from a MIDI file should
35  * be stored in the data array of a {@code SysexMessage} as follows: the system
36  * exclusive message status byte (0xF0 or 0xF7), all message data bytes, and
37  * finally the end-of-exclusive flag (0xF7). The length reported by the
38  * {@code SysexMessage} object is therefore the length of the system exclusive
39  * data plus two: one byte for the status byte and one for the end-of-exclusive
40  * flag.
41  * <p>
42  * As dictated by the Standard MIDI Files specification, two status byte values
43  * are legal for a {@code SysexMessage} read from a MIDI file:
44  * <ul>
45  *   <li>0xF0: System Exclusive message (same as in MIDI wire protocol)
46  *   <li>0xF7: Special System Exclusive message
47  * </ul>
48  * When Java Sound is used to handle system exclusive data that is being
49  * received using MIDI wire protocol, it should place the data in one or more
50  * {@code SysexMessages}. In this case, the length of the system exclusive data
51  * is not known in advance; the end of the system exclusive data is marked by an
52  * end-of-exclusive flag (0xF7) in the MIDI wire byte stream.
53  * <ul>
54  *   <li>0xF0: System Exclusive message (same as in MIDI wire protocol)
55  *   <li>0xF7: End of Exclusive (EOX)
56  * </ul>
57  * The first {@code SysexMessage} object containing data for a particular system
58  * exclusive message should have the status value 0xF0. If this message contains
59  * all the system exclusive data for the message, it should end with the status
60  * byte 0xF7 (EOX). Otherwise, additional system exclusive data should be sent
61  * in one or more {@code SysexMessages} with a status value of 0xF7. The
62  * {@code SysexMessage} containing the last of the data for the system exclusive
63  * message should end with the value 0xF7 (EOX) to mark the end of the system
64  * exclusive message.
65  * <p>
66  * If system exclusive data from {@code SysexMessages} objects is being
67  * transmitted using MIDI wire protocol, only the initial 0xF0 status byte, the
68  * system exclusive data itself, and the final 0xF7 (EOX) byte should be
69  * propagated; any 0xF7 status bytes used to indicate that a
70  * {@code SysexMessage} contains continuing system exclusive data should not be
71  * propagated via MIDI wire protocol.
72  *
73  * @author David Rivas
74  * @author Kara Kytle
75  * @author Florian Bomers
76  */
77 public class SysexMessage extends MidiMessage {
78 
79     // Status byte defines
80 
81     /**
82      * Status byte for System Exclusive message (0xF0, or 240).
83      *
84      * @see MidiMessage#getStatus
85      */
86     public static final int SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE = 0xF0; // 240
87 
88     /**
89      * Status byte for Special System Exclusive message (0xF7, or 247), which is
90      * used in MIDI files. It has the same value as END_OF_EXCLUSIVE, which is
91      * used in the real-time "MIDI wire" protocol.
92      *
93      * @see MidiMessage#getStatus
94      */
95     public static final int SPECIAL_SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE = 0xF7; // 247
96 
97     /**
98      * The data bytes for this system exclusive message. These are initialized
99      * to {@code null} and are set explicitly by
100      * {@link #setMessage(int, byte[], int, long) setMessage}.
101      */
102     //protected byte[] data = null;
103 
104     /**
105      * Constructs a new {@code SysexMessage}. The contents of the new message
106      * are guaranteed to specify a valid MIDI message. Subsequently, you may set
107      * the contents of the message using one of the {@code setMessage} methods.
108      *
109      * @see #setMessage
110      */
SysexMessage()111     public SysexMessage() {
112         this(new byte[2]);
113         // Default sysex message data: SOX followed by EOX
114         data[0] = (byte) (SYSTEM_EXCLUSIVE & 0xFF);
115         data[1] = (byte) (ShortMessage.END_OF_EXCLUSIVE & 0xFF);
116     }
117 
118     /**
119      * Constructs a new {@code SysexMessage} and sets the data for the message.
120      * The first byte of the data array must be a valid system exclusive status
121      * byte (0xF0 or 0xF7). The contents of the message can be changed by using
122      * one of the {@code setMessage} methods.
123      *
124      * @param  data the system exclusive message data including the status byte
125      * @param  length the length of the valid message data in the array,
126      *         including the status byte; it should be non-negative and less
127      *         than or equal to {@code data.length}
128      * @throws InvalidMidiDataException if the parameter values do not specify a
129      *         valid MIDI meta message
130      * @see #setMessage(byte[], int)
131      * @see #setMessage(int, byte[], int)
132      * @see #getData()
133      * @since 1.7
134      */
SysexMessage(byte[] data, int length)135     public SysexMessage(byte[] data, int length)
136             throws InvalidMidiDataException {
137         super(null);
138         setMessage(data, length);
139     }
140 
141     /**
142      * Constructs a new {@code SysexMessage} and sets the data for the message.
143      * The contents of the message can be changed by using one of the
144      * {@code setMessage} methods.
145      *
146      * @param  status the status byte for the message; it must be a valid system
147      *         exclusive status byte (0xF0 or 0xF7)
148      * @param  data the system exclusive message data (without the status byte)
149      * @param  length the length of the valid message data in the array; it
150      *         should be non-negative and less than or equal to
151      *         {@code data.length}
152      * @throws InvalidMidiDataException if the parameter values do not specify a
153      *         valid MIDI system exclusive message
154      * @see #setMessage(byte[], int)
155      * @see #setMessage(int, byte[], int)
156      * @see #getData()
157      * @since 1.7
158      */
SysexMessage(int status, byte[] data, int length)159     public SysexMessage(int status, byte[] data, int length)
160             throws InvalidMidiDataException {
161         super(null);
162         setMessage(status, data, length);
163     }
164 
165     /**
166      * Constructs a new {@code SysexMessage}.
167      *
168      * @param  data an array of bytes containing the complete message. The
169      *         message data may be changed using the {@code setMessage} method.
170      * @see #setMessage
171      */
SysexMessage(byte[] data)172     protected SysexMessage(byte[] data) {
173         super(data);
174     }
175 
176     /**
177      * Sets the data for the system exclusive message. The first byte of the
178      * data array must be a valid system exclusive status byte (0xF0 or 0xF7).
179      *
180      * @param  data the system exclusive message data
181      * @param  length the length of the valid message data in the array,
182      *         including the status byte
183      * @throws InvalidMidiDataException if the parameter values do not specify a
184      *         valid MIDI system exclusive message
185      */
186     @Override
setMessage(byte[] data, int length)187     public void setMessage(byte[] data, int length) throws InvalidMidiDataException {
188         MidiUtils.checkSysexStatus(data, length);
189         super.setMessage(data, length);
190     }
191 
192     /**
193      * Sets the data for the system exclusive message.
194      *
195      * @param  status the status byte for the message (0xF0 or 0xF7)
196      * @param  data the system exclusive message data
197      * @param  length the length of the valid message data in the array
198      * @throws InvalidMidiDataException if the status byte is invalid for a
199      *         system exclusive message
200      */
setMessage(int status, byte[] data, int length)201     public void setMessage(int status, byte[] data, int length) throws InvalidMidiDataException {
202         MidiUtils.checkSysexStatus(status);
203         if (length < 0 || length > data.length) {
204             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("length out of bounds: "+length);
205         }
206         this.length = length + 1;
207 
208         if (this.data==null || this.data.length < this.length) {
209             this.data = new byte[this.length];
210         }
211 
212         this.data[0] = (byte) (status & 0xFF);
213         if (length > 0) {
214             System.arraycopy(data, 0, this.data, 1, length);
215         }
216     }
217 
218     /**
219      * Obtains a copy of the data for the system exclusive message. The returned
220      * array of bytes does not include the status byte.
221      *
222      * @return array containing the system exclusive message data
223      */
getData()224     public byte[] getData() {
225         byte[] returnedArray = new byte[length - 1];
226         System.arraycopy(data, 1, returnedArray, 0, (length - 1));
227         return returnedArray;
228     }
229 
230     /**
231      * Creates a new object of the same class and with the same contents as this
232      * object.
233      *
234      * @return a clone of this instance
235      */
236     @Override
clone()237     public Object clone() {
238         byte[] newData = new byte[length];
239         System.arraycopy(data, 0, newData, 0, newData.length);
240         return new SysexMessage(newData);
241     }
242 }
243