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25 
26 package javax.sql.rowset.spi;
27 
28 import javax.sql.*;
29 
30 /**
31  * The synchronization mechanism that provides reader/writer capabilities for
32  * disconnected <code>RowSet</code> objects.
33  * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation is a class that extends the
34  * <code>SyncProvider</code> abstract class.
35  * <P>
36  * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation is
37  * identified by a unique ID, which is its fully qualified class name.
38  * This name must be registered with the
39  * <code>SyncFactory</code> SPI, thus making the implementation available to
40  * all <code>RowSet</code> implementations.
41  * The factory mechanism in the reference implementation uses this name to instantiate
42  * the implementation, which can then provide a <code>RowSet</code> object with its
43  * reader (a <code>javax.sql.RowSetReader</code> object) and its writer (a
44  * <code>javax.sql.RowSetWriter</code> object).
45  * <P>
46  * The Jdbc <code>RowSet</code> Implementations specification provides two
47  * reference implementations of the <code>SyncProvider</code> abstract class:
48  * <code>RIOptimisticProvider</code> and <code>RIXMLProvider</code>.
49  * The <code>RIOptimisticProvider</code> can set any <code>RowSet</code>
50  * implementation with a <code>RowSetReader</code> object and a
51  * <code>RowSetWriter</code> object.  However, only the <code>RIXMLProvider</code>
52  * implementation can set an <code>XmlReader</code> object and an
53  * <code>XmlWriter</code> object. A <code>WebRowSet</code> object uses the
54  * <code>XmlReader</code> object to read data in XML format to populate itself with that
55  * data.  It uses the <code>XmlWriter</code> object to write itself to a stream or
56  * <code>java.io.Writer</code> object in XML format.
57  *
58  * <h2>1.0 Naming Convention for Implementations</h2>
59  * As a guide  to naming <code>SyncProvider</code>
60  * implementations, the following should be noted:
61  * <UL>
62  * <li>The name for a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
63  * is its fully qualified class name.
64  * <li>It is recommended that vendors supply a
65  * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation in a package named <code>providers</code>.
66  * </UL>
67  * <p>
68  * For instance, if a vendor named Fred, Inc. offered a
69  * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation, you could have the following:
70  * <PRE>
71  *     Vendor name:  Fred, Inc.
72  *     Domain name of vendor:  com.fred
73  *     Package name:  com.fred.providers
74  *     SyncProvider implementation class name:  HighAvailabilityProvider
75  *
76  *     Fully qualified class name of SyncProvider implementation:
77  *                        com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilityProvider
78  * </PRE>
79  * <P>
80  * The following line of code uses the fully qualified name to register
81  * this implementation with the <code>SyncFactory</code> static instance.
82  * <PRE>
83  *     SyncFactory.registerProvider(
84  *                          "com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilityProvider");
85  * </PRE>
86  * <P>
87  * The default <code>SyncProvider</code> object provided with the reference
88  * implementation uses the following name:
89  * <pre>
90  *     com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider
91  * </pre>
92  * <p>
93  * Vendors should refer to the reference implementation synchronization
94  * providers for additional guidance on how to implement a new
95  * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation.
96  *
97  * <h2>2.0 How a <code>RowSet</code> Object Gets Its Provider</h2>
98  *
99  * A disconnected <code>Rowset</code> object may get access to a
100  * <code>SyncProvider</code> object in one of the following two ways:
101  * <UL>
102  *  <LI>Using a constructor<BR>
103  *      <PRE>
104  *       CachedRowSet crs = new CachedRowSet(
105  *                  "com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider");
106  *      </PRE>
107  *  <LI>Using the <code>setSyncProvider</code> method
108  *      <PRE>
109  *       CachedRowSet crs = new CachedRowSet();
110  *       crs.setSyncProvider("com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider");
111  *      </PRE>
112 
113  * </UL>
114  * <p>
115  * By default, the reference implementations of the <code>RowSet</code> synchronization
116  * providers are always available to the Java platform.
117  * If no other pluggable synchronization providers have been correctly
118  * registered, the <code>SyncFactory</code> will automatically generate
119  * an instance of the default <code>SyncProvider</code> reference implementation.
120  * Thus, in the preceding code fragment, if no implementation named
121  * <code>com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider</code> has been
122  * registered with the <code>SyncFactory</code> instance, <i>crs</i> will be
123  * assigned the default provider in the reference implementation, which is
124  * <code>com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider</code>.
125  *
126  * <h2>3.0 Violations and Synchronization Issues</h2>
127  * If an update between a disconnected <code>RowSet</code> object
128  * and a data source violates
129  * the original query or the underlying data source constraints, this will
130  * result in undefined behavior for all disconnected <code>RowSet</code> implementations
131  * and their designated <code>SyncProvider</code> implementations.
132  * Not defining the behavior when such violations occur offers greater flexibility
133  * for a <code>SyncProvider</code>
134  * implementation to determine its own best course of action.
135  * <p>
136  * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
137  * may choose to implement a specific handler to
138  * handle a subset of query violations.
139  * However if an original query violation or a more general data source constraint
140  * violation is not handled by the <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation,
141  * all <code>SyncProvider</code>
142  * objects must throw a <code>SyncProviderException</code>.
143  *
144  * <h2>4.0 Updatable SQL VIEWs</h2>
145  * It is possible for any disconnected or connected <code>RowSet</code> object to be populated
146  * from an SQL query that is formulated originally from an SQL <code>VIEW</code>.
147  * While in many cases it is possible for an update to be performed to an
148  * underlying view, such an update requires additional metadata, which may vary.
149  * The <code>SyncProvider</code> class provides two constants to indicate whether
150  * an implementation supports updating an SQL <code>VIEW</code>.
151  * <ul>
152  * <li><code><b>NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC</b></code> - Indicates that a <code>SyncProvider</code>
153  * implementation does not support synchronization with an SQL <code>VIEW</code> as the
154  * underlying source of data for the <code>RowSet</code> object.
155  * <li><code><b>UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC</b></code> - Indicates that a
156  * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
157  * supports synchronization with an SQL <code>VIEW</code> as the underlying source
158  * of data.
159  * </ul>
160  * <P>
161  * The default is for a <code>RowSet</code> object not to be updatable if it was
162  * populated with data from an SQL <code>VIEW</code>.
163  *
164  * <h2>5.0 <code>SyncProvider</code> Constants</h2>
165  * The <code>SyncProvider</code> class provides three sets of constants that
166  * are used as return values or parameters for <code>SyncProvider</code> methods.
167  * <code>SyncProvider</code> objects may be implemented to perform synchronization
168  * between a <code>RowSet</code> object and its underlying data source with varying
169  * degrees of care. The first group of constants indicate how synchronization
170  * is handled. For example, <code>GRADE_NONE</code> indicates that a
171  * <code>SyncProvider</code> object will not take any care to see what data is
172  * valid and will simply write the <code>RowSet</code> data to the data source.
173  * <code>GRADE_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT</code> indicates that the provider will check
174  * only modified data for validity.  Other grades check all data for validity
175  * or set locks when data is modified or loaded.
176  * <OL>
177  *  <LI>Constants to indicate the synchronization grade of a
178  *     <code>SyncProvider</code> object
179  *   <UL>
180  *    <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_NONE
181  *    <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT
182  *    <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT
183  *    <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED
184  *    <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED
185  *   </UL>
186  *  <LI>Constants to indicate what locks are set on the data source
187  *   <UL>
188  *     <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK
189  *     <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK
190  *     <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK
191  *     <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK
192  *   </UL>
193  *  <LI>Constants to indicate whether a <code>SyncProvider</code> object can
194  *       perform updates to an SQL <code>VIEW</code> <BR>
195  *       These constants are explained in the preceding section (4.0).
196  *   <UL>
197  *     <LI>SyncProvider.UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC
198  *     <LI>SyncProvider.NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC
199  *   </UL>
200  * </OL>
201  *
202  * @author Jonathan Bruce
203  * @see javax.sql.rowset.spi.SyncFactory
204  * @see javax.sql.rowset.spi.SyncFactoryException
205  * @since 1.5
206  */
207 public abstract class SyncProvider {
208 
209    /**
210     * Creates a default <code>SyncProvider</code> object.
211     */
SyncProvider()212     public SyncProvider() {
213     }
214 
215     /**
216      * Returns the unique identifier for this <code>SyncProvider</code> object.
217      *
218      * @return a <code>String</code> object with the fully qualified class name of
219      *         this <code>SyncProvider</code> object
220      */
getProviderID()221     public abstract String getProviderID();
222 
223     /**
224      * Returns a <code>javax.sql.RowSetReader</code> object, which can be used to
225      * populate a <code>RowSet</code> object with data.
226      *
227      * @return a <code>javax.sql.RowSetReader</code> object
228      */
getRowSetReader()229     public abstract RowSetReader getRowSetReader();
230 
231     /**
232      * Returns a <code>javax.sql.RowSetWriter</code> object, which can be
233      * used to write a <code>RowSet</code> object's data back to the
234      * underlying data source.
235      *
236      * @return a <code>javax.sql.RowSetWriter</code> object
237      */
getRowSetWriter()238     public abstract RowSetWriter getRowSetWriter();
239 
240     /**
241      * Returns a constant indicating the
242      * grade of synchronization a <code>RowSet</code> object can expect from
243      * this <code>SyncProvider</code> object.
244      *
245      * @return an int that is one of the following constants:
246      *           SyncProvider.GRADE_NONE,
247      *           SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT,
248      *           SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT,
249      *           SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED,
250      *           SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED
251      */
getProviderGrade()252     public abstract int getProviderGrade();
253 
254 
255     /**
256      * Sets a lock on the underlying data source at the level indicated by
257      * <i>datasource_lock</i>. This should cause the
258      * <code>SyncProvider</code> to adjust its behavior by increasing or
259      * decreasing the level of optimism it provides for a successful
260      * synchronization.
261      *
262      * @param datasource_lock one of the following constants indicating the severity
263      *           level of data source lock required:
264      * <pre>
265      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK,
266      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK,
267      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK,
268      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK,
269      * </pre>
270      * @throws SyncProviderException if an unsupported data source locking level
271      *           is set.
272      * @see #getDataSourceLock
273      */
setDataSourceLock(int datasource_lock)274     public abstract void setDataSourceLock(int datasource_lock)
275         throws SyncProviderException;
276 
277     /**
278      * Returns the current data source lock severity level active in this
279      * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation.
280      *
281      * @return a constant indicating the current level of data source lock
282      *        active in this <code>SyncProvider</code> object;
283      *         one of the following:
284      * <pre>
285      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK,
286      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK,
287      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK,
288      *           SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK
289      * </pre>
290      * @throws SyncProviderException if an error occurs determining the data
291      *        source locking level.
292      * @see #setDataSourceLock
293 
294      */
getDataSourceLock()295     public abstract int getDataSourceLock()
296         throws SyncProviderException;
297 
298     /**
299      * Returns whether this <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
300      * can perform synchronization between a <code>RowSet</code> object
301      * and the SQL <code>VIEW</code> in the data source from which
302      * the <code>RowSet</code> object got its data.
303      *
304      * @return an <code>int</code> saying whether this <code>SyncProvider</code>
305      *         object supports updating an SQL <code>VIEW</code>; one of the
306      *         following:
307      *            SyncProvider.UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC,
308      *            SyncProvider.NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC
309      */
supportsUpdatableView()310     public abstract int supportsUpdatableView();
311 
312     /**
313      * Returns the release version of this <code>SyncProvider</code> instance.
314      *
315      * @return a <code>String</code> detailing the release version of the
316      *     <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
317      */
getVersion()318     public abstract String getVersion();
319 
320     /**
321      * Returns the vendor name of this <code>SyncProvider</code> instance
322      *
323      * @return a <code>String</code> detailing the vendor name of this
324      *     <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
325      */
getVendor()326     public abstract String getVendor();
327 
328     /*
329      * Standard description of synchronization grades that a SyncProvider
330      * could provide.
331      */
332 
333     /**
334      * Indicates that no synchronization with the originating data source is
335      * provided. A <code>SyncProvider</code>
336      * implementation returning this grade will simply attempt to write
337      * updates in the <code>RowSet</code> object to the underlying data
338      * source without checking the validity of any data.
339      *
340      */
341     public static final int GRADE_NONE = 1;
342 
343     /**
344      * Indicates a low level optimistic synchronization grade with
345      * respect to the originating data source.
346      *
347      * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
348      * returning this grade will check only rows that have changed.
349      *
350      */
351     public static final int GRADE_CHECK_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT = 2;
352 
353     /**
354      * Indicates a high level optimistic synchronization grade with
355      * respect to the originating data source.
356      *
357      * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
358      * returning this grade will check all rows, including rows that have not
359      * changed.
360      */
361     public static final int GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT = 3;
362 
363     /**
364      * Indicates a pessimistic synchronization grade with
365      * respect to the originating data source.
366      *
367      * A <code>SyncProvider</code>
368      * implementation returning this grade will lock the row in the originating
369      * data source.
370      */
371     public static final int GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED = 4;
372 
373     /**
374      * Indicates the most pessimistic synchronization grade with
375      * respect to the originating
376      * data source. A <code>SyncProvider</code>
377      * implementation returning this grade will lock the entire view and/or
378      * table affected by the original statement used to populate a
379      * <code>RowSet</code> object.
380      */
381     public static final int GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED = 5;
382 
383     /**
384      * Indicates that no locks remain on the originating data source. This is the default
385      * lock setting for all <code>SyncProvider</code> implementations unless
386      * otherwise directed by a <code>RowSet</code> object.
387      */
388     public static final int DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK = 1;
389 
390     /**
391      * Indicates that a lock is placed on the rows that are touched by the original
392      * SQL statement used to populate the <code>RowSet</code> object
393      * that is using this <code>SyncProvider</code> object.
394      */
395     public static final int DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK = 2;
396 
397     /**
398      * Indicates that a lock is placed on all tables that are touched by the original
399      * SQL statement used to populate the <code>RowSet</code> object
400      * that is using this <code>SyncProvider</code> object.
401      */
402     public static final int DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK = 3;
403 
404     /**
405      * Indicates that a lock is placed on the entire data source that is the source of
406      * data for the <code>RowSet</code> object
407      * that is using this <code>SyncProvider</code> object.
408      */
409     public static final int DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK = 4;
410 
411     /**
412      * Indicates that a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
413      * supports synchronization between a <code>RowSet</code> object and
414      * the SQL <code>VIEW</code> used to populate it.
415      */
416     public static final int UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC = 5;
417 
418     /**
419      * Indicates that a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation
420      * does <B>not</B> support synchronization between a <code>RowSet</code>
421      * object and the SQL <code>VIEW</code> used to populate it.
422      */
423     public static final int NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC = 6;
424 }
425