1------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2--                                                                          --
3--                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         --
4--                                                                          --
5--  A D A . E X C E P T I O N S . E X C E P T I O N _ P R O P A G A T I O N --
6--                                                                          --
7--                                 B o d y                                  --
8--                                                                          --
9--          Copyright (C) 1992-2012, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
10--                                                                          --
11-- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
12-- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
13-- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
14-- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
15-- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
16-- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.                                     --
17--                                                                          --
18-- As a special exception under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted --
19-- additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception,   --
20-- version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.               --
21--                                                                          --
22-- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and    --
23-- a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;     --
24-- see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see    --
25-- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.                                          --
26--                                                                          --
27-- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
28-- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      --
29--                                                                          --
30------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31
32--  This is the version using the GCC EH mechanism
33
34with Ada.Unchecked_Conversion;
35with Ada.Unchecked_Deallocation;
36
37with System.Storage_Elements;  use System.Storage_Elements;
38
39separate (Ada.Exceptions)
40package body Exception_Propagation is
41
42   use Exception_Traces;
43
44   ------------------------------------------------
45   -- Entities to interface with the GCC runtime --
46   ------------------------------------------------
47
48   --  These come from "C++ ABI for Itanium: Exception handling", which is
49   --  the reference for GCC.
50
51   --  Return codes from the GCC runtime functions used to propagate
52   --  an exception.
53
54   type Unwind_Reason_Code is
55     (URC_NO_REASON,
56      URC_FOREIGN_EXCEPTION_CAUGHT,
57      URC_PHASE2_ERROR,
58      URC_PHASE1_ERROR,
59      URC_NORMAL_STOP,
60      URC_END_OF_STACK,
61      URC_HANDLER_FOUND,
62      URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT,
63      URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND);
64
65   pragma Unreferenced
66     (URC_NO_REASON,
67      URC_FOREIGN_EXCEPTION_CAUGHT,
68      URC_PHASE2_ERROR,
69      URC_PHASE1_ERROR,
70      URC_NORMAL_STOP,
71      URC_END_OF_STACK,
72      URC_HANDLER_FOUND,
73      URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT,
74      URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND);
75
76   pragma Convention (C, Unwind_Reason_Code);
77
78   --  Phase identifiers
79
80   type Unwind_Action is new Integer;
81   pragma Convention (C, Unwind_Action);
82
83   UA_SEARCH_PHASE  : constant Unwind_Action := 1;
84   UA_CLEANUP_PHASE : constant Unwind_Action := 2;
85   UA_HANDLER_FRAME : constant Unwind_Action := 4;
86   UA_FORCE_UNWIND  : constant Unwind_Action := 8;
87   UA_END_OF_STACK  : constant Unwind_Action := 16;  --  GCC extension
88
89   pragma Unreferenced
90     (UA_SEARCH_PHASE,
91      UA_CLEANUP_PHASE,
92      UA_HANDLER_FRAME,
93      UA_FORCE_UNWIND,
94      UA_END_OF_STACK);
95
96   --  Mandatory common header for any exception object handled by the
97   --  GCC unwinding runtime.
98
99   type Exception_Class is mod 2 ** 64;
100
101   GNAT_Exception_Class : constant Exception_Class := 16#474e552d41646100#;
102   --  "GNU-Ada\0"
103
104   type Unwind_Word is mod 2 ** System.Word_Size;
105   for Unwind_Word'Size use System.Word_Size;
106   --  Map the corresponding C type used in Unwind_Exception below
107
108   type Unwind_Exception is record
109      Class    : Exception_Class;
110      Cleanup  : System.Address;
111      Private1 : Unwind_Word;
112      Private2 : Unwind_Word;
113
114      --  Usual exception structure has only two private fields, but the SEH
115      --  one has six. To avoid making this file more complex, we use six
116      --  fields on all platforms, wasting a few bytes on some.
117
118      Private3 : Unwind_Word;
119      Private4 : Unwind_Word;
120      Private5 : Unwind_Word;
121      Private6 : Unwind_Word;
122   end record;
123   pragma Convention (C, Unwind_Exception);
124   --  Map the GCC struct used for exception handling
125
126   for Unwind_Exception'Alignment use Standard'Maximum_Alignment;
127   --  The C++ ABI mandates the common exception header to be at least
128   --  doubleword aligned, and the libGCC implementation actually makes it
129   --  maximally aligned (see unwind.h). See additional comments on the
130   --  alignment below.
131
132   type GCC_Exception_Access is access all Unwind_Exception;
133   --  Pointer to a GCC exception. Do not use convention C as on VMS this
134   --  would imply the use of 32-bits pointers.
135
136   procedure Unwind_DeleteException (Excp : not null GCC_Exception_Access);
137   pragma Import (C, Unwind_DeleteException, "_Unwind_DeleteException");
138   --  Procedure to free any GCC exception
139
140   Foreign_Exception : aliased System.Standard_Library.Exception_Data;
141   pragma Import (Ada, Foreign_Exception,
142                  "system__exceptions__foreign_exception");
143   --  Id for foreign exceptions
144
145   --------------------------------------------------------------
146   -- GNAT Specific Entities To Deal With The GCC EH Circuitry --
147   --------------------------------------------------------------
148
149   --  A GNAT exception object to be dealt with by the personality routine
150   --  called by the GCC unwinding runtime.
151
152   type GNAT_GCC_Exception is record
153      Header : Unwind_Exception;
154      --  ABI Exception header first
155
156      Occurrence : aliased Exception_Occurrence;
157      --  The Ada occurrence
158   end record;
159
160   pragma Convention (C, GNAT_GCC_Exception);
161
162   --  There is a subtle issue with the common header alignment, since the C
163   --  version is aligned on BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT, the Ada version is aligned on
164   --  Standard'Maximum_Alignment, and those two values don't quite represent
165   --  the same concepts and so may be decoupled someday. One typical reason
166   --  is that BIGGEST_ALIGNMENT may be larger than what the underlying system
167   --  allocator guarantees, and there are extra costs involved in allocating
168   --  objects aligned to such factors.
169
170   --  To deal with the potential alignment differences between the C and Ada
171   --  representations, the Ada part of the whole structure is only accessed
172   --  by the personality routine through the accessors declared below.  Ada
173   --  specific fields are thus always accessed through consistent layout, and
174   --  we expect the actual alignment to always be large enough to avoid traps
175   --  from the C accesses to the common header. Besides, accessors alleviate
176   --  the need for a C struct whole counterpart, both painful and error-prone
177   --  to maintain anyway.
178
179   type GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access is access all GNAT_GCC_Exception;
180
181   function To_GCC_Exception is new
182     Unchecked_Conversion (System.Address, GCC_Exception_Access);
183
184   function To_GNAT_GCC_Exception is new
185     Unchecked_Conversion (GCC_Exception_Access, GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access);
186
187   procedure GNAT_GCC_Exception_Cleanup
188     (Reason : Unwind_Reason_Code;
189      Excep  : not null GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access);
190   pragma Convention (C, GNAT_GCC_Exception_Cleanup);
191   --  Procedure called when a GNAT GCC exception is free.
192
193   procedure Propagate_GCC_Exception
194     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access);
195   pragma No_Return (Propagate_GCC_Exception);
196   --  Propagate a GCC exception
197
198   procedure Reraise_GCC_Exception
199     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access);
200   pragma No_Return (Reraise_GCC_Exception);
201   pragma Export (C, Reraise_GCC_Exception, "__gnat_reraise_zcx");
202   --  Called to implement raise without exception, ie reraise.  Called
203   --  directly from gigi.
204
205   function Setup_Current_Excep
206     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access) return EOA;
207   pragma Export (C, Setup_Current_Excep, "__gnat_setup_current_excep");
208   --  Write Get_Current_Excep.all from GCC_Exception
209
210   procedure Unhandled_Except_Handler
211     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access);
212   pragma No_Return (Unhandled_Except_Handler);
213   pragma Export (C, Unhandled_Except_Handler,
214                  "__gnat_unhandled_except_handler");
215   --  Called for handle unhandled exceptions, ie the last chance handler
216   --  on platforms (such as SEH) that never returns after throwing an
217   --  exception. Called directly by gigi.
218
219   function CleanupUnwind_Handler
220     (UW_Version   : Integer;
221      UW_Phases    : Unwind_Action;
222      UW_Eclass    : Exception_Class;
223      UW_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access;
224      UW_Context   : System.Address;
225      UW_Argument  : System.Address) return Unwind_Reason_Code;
226   pragma Import (C, CleanupUnwind_Handler,
227                  "__gnat_cleanupunwind_handler");
228   --  Hook called at each step of the forced unwinding we perform to
229   --  trigger cleanups found during the propagation of an unhandled
230   --  exception.
231
232   --  GCC runtime functions used. These are C non-void functions, actually,
233   --  but we ignore the return values. See raise.c as to why we are using
234   --  __gnat stubs for these.
235
236   procedure Unwind_RaiseException
237     (UW_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access);
238   pragma Import (C, Unwind_RaiseException, "__gnat_Unwind_RaiseException");
239
240   procedure Unwind_ForcedUnwind
241     (UW_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access;
242      UW_Handler   : System.Address;
243      UW_Argument  : System.Address);
244   pragma Import (C, Unwind_ForcedUnwind, "__gnat_Unwind_ForcedUnwind");
245
246   --  Hooks called when entering/leaving an exception handler for a given
247   --  occurrence, aimed at handling the stack of active occurrences. The
248   --  calls are generated by gigi in tree_transform/N_Exception_Handler.
249
250   procedure Begin_Handler (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access);
251   pragma Export (C, Begin_Handler, "__gnat_begin_handler");
252
253   procedure End_Handler (GCC_Exception : GCC_Exception_Access);
254   pragma Export (C, End_Handler, "__gnat_end_handler");
255
256   --------------------------------------------------------------------
257   -- Accessors to Basic Components of a GNAT Exception Data Pointer --
258   --------------------------------------------------------------------
259
260   --  As of today, these are only used by the C implementation of the GCC
261   --  propagation personality routine to avoid having to rely on a C
262   --  counterpart of the whole exception_data structure, which is both
263   --  painful and error prone. These subprograms could be moved to a more
264   --  widely visible location if need be.
265
266   function Is_Handled_By_Others (E : Exception_Data_Ptr) return Boolean;
267   pragma Export (C, Is_Handled_By_Others, "__gnat_is_handled_by_others");
268   pragma Warnings (Off, Is_Handled_By_Others);
269
270   function Language_For (E : Exception_Data_Ptr) return Character;
271   pragma Export (C, Language_For, "__gnat_language_for");
272
273   function Import_Code_For (E : Exception_Data_Ptr) return Exception_Code;
274   pragma Export (C, Import_Code_For, "__gnat_import_code_for");
275
276   function EID_For (GNAT_Exception : not null GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access)
277     return Exception_Id;
278   pragma Export (C, EID_For, "__gnat_eid_for");
279
280   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
281   -- Objects to materialize "others" and "all others" in the GCC EH tables --
282   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
283
284   --  Currently, these only have their address taken and compared so there is
285   --  no real point having whole exception data blocks allocated. In any case
286   --  the types should match what gigi and the personality routine expect.
287   --  The initial value is an arbitrary value that will not exceed the range
288   --  of Integer on 16-bit targets (such as AAMP).
289
290   Others_Value : constant Integer := 16#7FFF#;
291   pragma Export (C, Others_Value, "__gnat_others_value");
292
293   All_Others_Value : constant Integer := 16#7FFF#;
294   pragma Export (C, All_Others_Value, "__gnat_all_others_value");
295
296   Unhandled_Others_Value : constant Integer := 16#7FFF#;
297   pragma Export (C, Unhandled_Others_Value, "__gnat_unhandled_others_value");
298   --  Special choice (emitted by gigi) to catch and notify unhandled
299   --  exceptions on targets which always handle exceptions (such as SEH).
300   --  The handler will simply call Unhandled_Except_Handler.
301
302   -------------------------
303   -- Allocate_Occurrence --
304   -------------------------
305
306   function Allocate_Occurrence return EOA is
307      Res : GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access;
308   begin
309      Res :=
310        new GNAT_GCC_Exception'
311        (Header     => (Class   => GNAT_Exception_Class,
312                        Cleanup => GNAT_GCC_Exception_Cleanup'Address,
313                        others  => 0),
314         Occurrence => (others => <>));
315      Res.Occurrence.Machine_Occurrence := Res.all'Address;
316
317      return Res.Occurrence'Access;
318   end Allocate_Occurrence;
319
320   --------------------------------
321   -- GNAT_GCC_Exception_Cleanup --
322   --------------------------------
323
324   procedure GNAT_GCC_Exception_Cleanup
325     (Reason : Unwind_Reason_Code;
326      Excep  : not null GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access)
327   is
328      pragma Unreferenced (Reason);
329
330      procedure Free is new Unchecked_Deallocation
331        (GNAT_GCC_Exception, GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access);
332
333      Copy : GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access := Excep;
334
335   begin
336      --  Simply free the memory
337
338      Free (Copy);
339   end GNAT_GCC_Exception_Cleanup;
340
341   -------------------------
342   -- Setup_Current_Excep --
343   -------------------------
344
345   function Setup_Current_Excep
346     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access) return EOA
347   is
348      Excep : constant EOA := Get_Current_Excep.all;
349
350   begin
351      --  Setup the exception occurrence
352
353      if GCC_Exception.Class = GNAT_Exception_Class then
354
355         --  From the GCC exception
356
357         declare
358            GNAT_Occurrence : constant GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access :=
359              To_GNAT_GCC_Exception (GCC_Exception);
360         begin
361            Excep.all := GNAT_Occurrence.Occurrence;
362
363            return GNAT_Occurrence.Occurrence'Access;
364         end;
365      else
366
367         --  A default one
368
369         Excep.Id := Foreign_Exception'Access;
370         Excep.Machine_Occurrence := GCC_Exception.all'Address;
371         Excep.Msg_Length := 0;
372         Excep.Exception_Raised := True;
373         Excep.Pid := Local_Partition_ID;
374         Excep.Num_Tracebacks := 0;
375
376         return Excep;
377      end if;
378   end Setup_Current_Excep;
379
380   -------------------
381   -- Begin_Handler --
382   -------------------
383
384   procedure Begin_Handler (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access) is
385      pragma Unreferenced (GCC_Exception);
386   begin
387      null;
388   end Begin_Handler;
389
390   -----------------
391   -- End_Handler --
392   -----------------
393
394   procedure End_Handler (GCC_Exception : GCC_Exception_Access) is
395   begin
396      if GCC_Exception /= null then
397
398         --  The exception might have been reraised, in this case the cleanup
399         --  mustn't be called.
400
401         Unwind_DeleteException (GCC_Exception);
402      end if;
403   end End_Handler;
404
405   -----------------------------
406   -- Reraise_GCC_Exception --
407   -----------------------------
408
409   procedure Reraise_GCC_Exception
410     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access)
411   is
412   begin
413      --  Simply propagate it
414      Propagate_GCC_Exception (GCC_Exception);
415   end Reraise_GCC_Exception;
416
417   -----------------------------
418   -- Propagate_GCC_Exception --
419   -----------------------------
420
421   --  Call Unwind_RaiseException to actually throw, taking care of handling
422   --  the two phase scheme it implements.
423
424   procedure Propagate_GCC_Exception
425     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access)
426   is
427      Excep : EOA;
428
429   begin
430      --  Perform a standard raise first. If a regular handler is found, it
431      --  will be entered after all the intermediate cleanups have run. If
432      --  there is no regular handler, it will return.
433
434      Unwind_RaiseException (GCC_Exception);
435
436      --  If we get here we know the exception is not handled, as otherwise
437      --  Unwind_RaiseException arranges for the handler to be entered. Take
438      --  the necessary steps to enable the debugger to gain control while the
439      --  stack is still intact.
440
441      Excep := Setup_Current_Excep (GCC_Exception);
442      Notify_Unhandled_Exception (Excep);
443
444      --  Now, un a forced unwind to trigger cleanups. Control should not
445      --  resume there, if there are cleanups and in any cases as the
446      --  unwinding hook calls Unhandled_Exception_Terminate when end of
447      --  stack is reached.
448
449      Unwind_ForcedUnwind (GCC_Exception,
450                           CleanupUnwind_Handler'Address,
451                           System.Null_Address);
452
453      --  We get here in case of error. The debugger has been notified before
454      --  the second step above.
455
456      Unhandled_Except_Handler (GCC_Exception);
457   end Propagate_GCC_Exception;
458
459   -------------------------
460   -- Propagate_Exception --
461   -------------------------
462
463   procedure Propagate_Exception (Excep : EOA) is
464   begin
465      Propagate_GCC_Exception (To_GCC_Exception (Excep.Machine_Occurrence));
466   end Propagate_Exception;
467
468   ------------------------------
469   -- Unhandled_Except_Handler --
470   ------------------------------
471
472   procedure Unhandled_Except_Handler
473     (GCC_Exception : not null GCC_Exception_Access)
474   is
475      Excep : EOA;
476   begin
477      Excep := Setup_Current_Excep (GCC_Exception);
478      Unhandled_Exception_Terminate (Excep);
479   end Unhandled_Except_Handler;
480
481   -------------
482   -- EID_For --
483   -------------
484
485   function EID_For
486     (GNAT_Exception : not null GNAT_GCC_Exception_Access) return Exception_Id
487   is
488   begin
489      return GNAT_Exception.Occurrence.Id;
490   end EID_For;
491
492   ---------------------
493   -- Import_Code_For --
494   ---------------------
495
496   function Import_Code_For
497     (E : SSL.Exception_Data_Ptr) return Exception_Code
498   is
499   begin
500      return E.all.Import_Code;
501   end Import_Code_For;
502
503   --------------------------
504   -- Is_Handled_By_Others --
505   --------------------------
506
507   function Is_Handled_By_Others (E : SSL.Exception_Data_Ptr) return Boolean is
508   begin
509      return not E.all.Not_Handled_By_Others;
510   end Is_Handled_By_Others;
511
512   ------------------
513   -- Language_For --
514   ------------------
515
516   function Language_For (E : SSL.Exception_Data_Ptr) return Character is
517   begin
518      return E.all.Lang;
519   end Language_For;
520
521end Exception_Propagation;
522