1------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2--                                                                          --
3--                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         --
4--                                                                          --
5--                             E X P _ U T I L                              --
6--                                                                          --
7--                                 S p e c                                  --
8--                                                                          --
9--          Copyright (C) 1992-2013, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
10--                                                                          --
11-- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
12-- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
13-- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
14-- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
15-- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
16-- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License --
17-- for  more details.  You should have  received  a copy of the GNU General --
18-- Public License  distributed with GNAT; see file COPYING3.  If not, go to --
19-- http://www.gnu.org/licenses for a complete copy of the license.          --
20--                                                                          --
21-- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
22-- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      --
23--                                                                          --
24------------------------------------------------------------------------------
25
26--  Package containing utility procedures used throughout the expander
27
28with Exp_Tss; use Exp_Tss;
29with Namet;   use Namet;
30with Rtsfind; use Rtsfind;
31with Sinfo;   use Sinfo;
32with Types;   use Types;
33with Uintp;   use Uintp;
34
35package Exp_Util is
36
37   -----------------------------------------------
38   -- Handling of Actions Associated with Nodes --
39   -----------------------------------------------
40
41   --  The evaluation of certain expression nodes involves the elaboration
42   --  of associated types and other declarations, and the execution of
43   --  statement sequences. Expansion routines generating such actions must
44   --  find an appropriate place in the tree to hang the actions so that
45   --  they will be evaluated at the appropriate point.
46
47   --  Some cases are simple:
48
49   --    For an expression occurring in a simple statement that is in a list
50   --    of statements, the actions are simply inserted into the list before
51   --    the associated statement.
52
53   --    For an expression occurring in a declaration (declarations always
54   --    appear in lists), the actions are similarly inserted into the list
55   --    just before the associated declaration.
56
57   --  The following special cases arise:
58
59   --    For actions associated with the right operand of a short circuit
60   --    form, the actions are first stored in the short circuit form node
61   --    in the Actions field. The expansion of these forms subsequently
62   --    expands the short circuit forms into if statements which can then
63   --    be moved as described above.
64
65   --    For actions appearing in the Condition expression of a while loop,
66   --    or an elsif clause, the actions are similarly temporarily stored in
67   --    in the node (N_Elsif_Part or N_Iteration_Scheme) associated with
68   --    the expression using the Condition_Actions field. Subsequently, the
69   --    expansion of these nodes rewrites the control structures involved to
70   --    reposition the actions in normal statement sequence.
71
72   --    For actions appearing in the then or else expression of a conditional
73   --    expression, these actions are similarly placed in the node, using the
74   --    Then_Actions or Else_Actions field as appropriate. Once again the
75   --    expansion of the N_If_Expression node rewrites the node so that the
76   --    actions can be positioned normally.
77
78   --    For actions coming from expansion of the expression in an expression
79   --    with actions node, the action is appended to the list of actions.
80
81   --  Basically what we do is to climb up to the tree looking for the
82   --  proper insertion point, as described by one of the above cases,
83   --  and then insert the appropriate action or actions.
84
85   --  Note if more than one insert call is made specifying the same
86   --  Assoc_Node, then the actions are elaborated in the order of the
87   --  calls, and this guarantee is preserved for the special cases above.
88
89   procedure Insert_Action
90     (Assoc_Node : Node_Id;
91      Ins_Action : Node_Id);
92   --  Insert the action Ins_Action at the appropriate point as described
93   --  above. The action is analyzed using the default checks after it is
94   --  inserted. Assoc_Node is the node with which the action is associated.
95
96   procedure Insert_Action
97     (Assoc_Node : Node_Id;
98      Ins_Action : Node_Id;
99      Suppress   : Check_Id);
100   --  Insert the action Ins_Action at the appropriate point as described
101   --  above. The action is analyzed using the default checks as modified
102   --  by the given Suppress argument after it is inserted. Assoc_Node is
103   --  the node with which the action is associated.
104
105   procedure Insert_Actions
106     (Assoc_Node  : Node_Id;
107      Ins_Actions : List_Id);
108   --  Insert the list of action Ins_Actions at the appropriate point as
109   --  described above. The actions are analyzed using the default checks
110   --  after they are inserted. Assoc_Node is the node with which the actions
111   --  are associated. Ins_Actions may be No_List, in which case the call has
112   --  no effect.
113
114   procedure Insert_Actions
115     (Assoc_Node  : Node_Id;
116      Ins_Actions : List_Id;
117      Suppress    : Check_Id);
118   --  Insert the list of action Ins_Actions at the appropriate point as
119   --  described above. The actions are analyzed using the default checks
120   --  as modified by the given Suppress argument after they are inserted.
121   --  Assoc_Node is the node with which the actions are associated.
122   --  Ins_Actions may be No_List, in which case the call has no effect.
123
124   procedure Insert_Action_After
125     (Assoc_Node : Node_Id;
126      Ins_Action : Node_Id);
127   --  Assoc_Node must be a node in a list. Same as Insert_Action but the
128   --  action will be inserted after N in a manner that is compatible with
129   --  the transient scope mechanism.
130
131   procedure Insert_Actions_After
132     (Assoc_Node  : Node_Id;
133      Ins_Actions : List_Id);
134   --  Assoc_Node must be a node in a list. Same as Insert_Actions but
135   --  actions will be inserted after N in a manner that is compatible with
136   --  the transient scope mechanism. This procedure must be used instead
137   --  of Insert_List_After if Assoc_Node may be in a transient scope.
138   --
139   --  Implementation limitation: Assoc_Node must be a statement. We can
140   --  generalize to expressions if there is a need but this is tricky to
141   --  implement because of short-circuits (among other things).???
142
143   procedure Insert_Library_Level_Action (N : Node_Id);
144   --  This procedure inserts and analyzes the node N as an action at the
145   --  library level for the current unit (i.e. it is attached to the
146   --  Actions field of the N_Compilation_Aux node for the main unit).
147
148   procedure Insert_Library_Level_Actions (L : List_Id);
149   --  Similar, but inserts a list of actions
150
151   -----------------------
152   -- Other Subprograms --
153   -----------------------
154
155   procedure Activate_Atomic_Synchronization (N : Node_Id);
156   --  N is a node for which atomic synchronization may be required (it is
157   --  either an identifier, expanded name, or selected/indexed component or
158   --  an explicit dereference). The caller has checked the basic conditions
159   --  (atomic variable appearing and Atomic_Sync not disabled). This function
160   --  checks if atomic synchronization is required and if so sets the flag
161   --  and if appropriate generates a warning (in -gnatw.n mode).
162
163   procedure Adjust_Condition (N : Node_Id);
164   --  The node N is an expression whose root-type is Boolean, and which
165   --  represents a boolean value used as a condition (i.e. a True/False
166   --  value). This routine handles the case of C and Fortran convention
167   --  boolean types, which have zero/non-zero semantics rather than the normal
168   --  0/1 semantics, and also the case of an enumeration rep clause that
169   --  specifies a non-standard representation. On return, node N always has
170   --  the type Standard.Boolean, with a value that is a standard Boolean
171   --  values of 0/1 for False/True. This procedure is used in two situations.
172   --  First, the processing for a condition field always calls
173   --  Adjust_Condition, so that the boolean value presented to the backend is
174   --  a standard value. Second, for the code for boolean operations such as
175   --  AND, Adjust_Condition is called on both operands, and then the operation
176   --  is done in the domain of Standard_Boolean, then Adjust_Result_Type is
177   --  called on the result to possibly reset the original type. This procedure
178   --  also takes care of validity checking if Validity_Checks = Tests.
179
180   procedure Adjust_Result_Type (N : Node_Id; T : Entity_Id);
181   --  The processing of boolean operations like AND uses the procedure
182   --  Adjust_Condition so that it can operate on Standard.Boolean, which is
183   --  the only boolean type on which the backend needs to be able to implement
184   --  such operators. This means that the result is also of type
185   --  Standard.Boolean. In general the type must be reset back to the original
186   --  type to get proper semantics, and that is the purpose of this procedure.
187   --  N is the node (of type Standard.Boolean), and T is the desired type. As
188   --  an optimization, this procedure leaves the type as Standard.Boolean in
189   --  contexts where this is permissible (in particular for Condition fields,
190   --  and for operands of other logical operations higher up the tree). The
191   --  call to this procedure is completely ignored if the argument N is not of
192   --  type Boolean.
193
194   procedure Append_Freeze_Action (T : Entity_Id; N : Node_Id);
195   --  Add a new freeze action for the given type. The freeze action is
196   --  attached to the freeze node for the type. Actions will be elaborated in
197   --  the order in which they are added. Note that the added node is not
198   --  analyzed. The analyze call is found in Exp_Ch13.Expand_N_Freeze_Entity.
199
200   procedure Append_Freeze_Actions (T : Entity_Id; L : List_Id);
201   --  Adds the given list of freeze actions (declarations or statements) for
202   --  the given type. The freeze actions are attached to the freeze node for
203   --  the type. Actions will be elaborated in the order in which they are
204   --  added, and the actions within the list will be elaborated in list order.
205   --  Note that the added nodes are not analyzed. The analyze call is found in
206   --  Exp_Ch13.Expand_N_Freeze_Entity.
207
208   procedure Build_Allocate_Deallocate_Proc
209     (N           : Node_Id;
210      Is_Allocate : Boolean);
211   --  Create a custom Allocate/Deallocate to be associated with an allocation
212   --  or deallocation:
213   --
214   --    1) controlled objects
215   --    2) class-wide objects
216   --    3) any kind of object on a subpool
217   --
218   --  N must be an allocator or the declaration of a temporary variable which
219   --  represents the expression of the original allocator node, otherwise N
220   --  must be a free statement. If flag Is_Allocate is set, the generated
221   --  routine is allocate, deallocate otherwise.
222
223   function Build_Runtime_Call (Loc : Source_Ptr; RE : RE_Id) return Node_Id;
224   --  Build an N_Procedure_Call_Statement calling the given runtime entity.
225   --  The call has no parameters. The first argument provides the location
226   --  information for the tree and for error messages. The call node is not
227   --  analyzed on return, the caller is responsible for analyzing it.
228
229   function Build_Task_Image_Decls
230     (Loc          : Source_Ptr;
231      Id_Ref       : Node_Id;
232      A_Type       : Entity_Id;
233      In_Init_Proc : Boolean := False) return List_Id;
234   --  Build declaration for a variable that holds an identifying string to be
235   --  used as a task name. Id_Ref is an identifier if the task is a variable,
236   --  and a selected or indexed component if the task is component of an
237   --  object. If it is an indexed component, A_Type is the corresponding array
238   --  type. Its index types are used to build the string as an image of the
239   --  index values. For composite types, the result includes two declarations:
240   --  one for a generated function that computes the image without using
241   --  concatenation, and one for the variable that holds the result.
242   --
243   --  If In_Init_Proc is true, the call is part of the initialization of
244   --  a component of a composite type, and the enclosing initialization
245   --  procedure must be flagged as using the secondary stack. If In_Init_Proc
246   --  is false, the call is for a stand-alone object, and the generated
247   --  function itself must do its own cleanups.
248
249   function Component_May_Be_Bit_Aligned (Comp : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
250   --  This function is in charge of detecting record components that may
251   --  cause trouble in the back end if an attempt is made to assign the
252   --  component. The back end can handle such assignments with no problem if
253   --  the components involved are small (64-bits or less) records or scalar
254   --  items (including bit-packed arrays represented with modular types) or
255   --  are both aligned on a byte boundary (starting on a byte boundary, and
256   --  occupying an integral number of bytes).
257   --
258   --  However, problems arise for records larger than 64 bits, or for arrays
259   --  (other than bit-packed arrays represented with a modular type) if the
260   --  component starts on a non-byte boundary, or does not occupy an integral
261   --  number of bytes (i.e. there are some bits possibly shared with fields
262   --  at the start or beginning of the component). The back end cannot handle
263   --  loading and storing such components in a single operation.
264   --
265   --  This function is used to detect the troublesome situation. it is
266   --  conservative in the sense that it produces True unless it knows for
267   --  sure that the component is safe (as outlined in the first paragraph
268   --  above). The code generation for record and array assignment checks for
269   --  trouble using this function, and if so the assignment is generated
270   --  component-wise, which the back end is required to handle correctly.
271   --
272   --  Note that in GNAT 3, the back end will reject such components anyway,
273   --  so the hard work in checking for this case is wasted in GNAT 3, but
274   --  it is harmless, so it is easier to do it in all cases, rather than
275   --  conditionalize it in GNAT 5 or beyond.
276
277   procedure Convert_To_Actual_Subtype (Exp : Node_Id);
278   --  The Etype of an expression is the nominal type of the expression,
279   --  not the actual subtype. Often these are the same, but not always.
280   --  For example, a reference to a formal of unconstrained type has the
281   --  unconstrained type as its Etype, but the actual subtype is obtained by
282   --  applying the actual bounds. This routine is given an expression, Exp,
283   --  and (if necessary), replaces it using Rewrite, with a conversion to
284   --  the actual subtype, building the actual subtype if necessary. If the
285   --  expression is already of the requested type, then it is unchanged.
286
287   function Corresponding_Runtime_Package (Typ : Entity_Id) return RTU_Id;
288   --  Return the id of the runtime package that will provide support for
289   --  concurrent type Typ. Currently only protected types are supported,
290   --  and the returned value is one of the following:
291   --    System_Tasking_Protected_Objects
292   --    System_Tasking_Protected_Objects_Entries
293   --    System_Tasking_Protected_Objects_Single_Entry
294
295   function Current_Sem_Unit_Declarations return List_Id;
296   --  Return the place where it is fine to insert declarations for the
297   --  current semantic unit. If the unit is a package body, return the
298   --  visible declarations of the corresponding spec. For RCI stubs, this
299   --  is necessary because the point at which they are generated may not
300   --  be the earliest point at which they are used.
301
302   function Duplicate_Subexpr
303     (Exp      : Node_Id;
304      Name_Req : Boolean := False) return Node_Id;
305   --  Given the node for a subexpression, this function makes a logical copy
306   --  of the subexpression, and returns it. This is intended for use when the
307   --  expansion of an expression needs to repeat part of it. For example,
308   --  replacing a**2 by a*a requires two references to a which may be a
309   --  complex subexpression. Duplicate_Subexpr guarantees not to duplicate
310   --  side effects. If necessary, it generates actions to save the expression
311   --  value in a temporary, inserting these actions into the tree using
312   --  Insert_Actions with Exp as the insertion location. The original
313   --  expression and the returned result then become references to this saved
314   --  value. Exp must be analyzed on entry. On return, Exp is analyzed, but
315   --  the caller is responsible for analyzing the returned copy after it is
316   --  attached to the tree. The Name_Req flag is set to ensure that the result
317   --  is suitable for use in a context requiring name (e.g. the prefix of an
318   --  attribute reference).
319   --
320   --  Note that if there are any run time checks in Exp, these same checks
321   --  will be duplicated in the returned duplicated expression. The two
322   --  following functions allow this behavior to be modified.
323
324   function Duplicate_Subexpr_No_Checks
325     (Exp      : Node_Id;
326      Name_Req : Boolean := False) return Node_Id;
327   --  Identical in effect to Duplicate_Subexpr, except that Remove_Checks
328   --  is called on the result, so that the duplicated expression does not
329   --  include checks. This is appropriate for use when Exp, the original
330   --  expression is unconditionally elaborated before the duplicated
331   --  expression, so that there is no need to repeat any checks.
332
333   function Duplicate_Subexpr_Move_Checks
334     (Exp      : Node_Id;
335      Name_Req : Boolean := False) return Node_Id;
336   --  Identical in effect to Duplicate_Subexpr, except that Remove_Checks is
337   --  called on Exp after the duplication is complete, so that the original
338   --  expression does not include checks. In this case the result returned
339   --  (the duplicated expression) will retain the original checks. This is
340   --  appropriate for use when the duplicated expression is sure to be
341   --  elaborated before the original expression Exp, so that there is no need
342   --  to repeat the checks.
343
344   procedure Ensure_Defined (Typ : Entity_Id; N : Node_Id);
345   --  This procedure ensures that type referenced by Typ is defined. For the
346   --  case of a type other than an Itype, nothing needs to be done, since
347   --  all such types have declaration nodes. For Itypes, an N_Itype_Reference
348   --  node is generated and inserted at the given node N. This is typically
349   --  used to ensure that an Itype is properly defined outside a conditional
350   --  construct when it is referenced in more than one branch.
351
352   function Entry_Names_OK return Boolean;
353   --  Determine whether it is appropriate to dynamically allocate strings
354   --  which represent entry [family member] names. These strings are created
355   --  by the compiler and used by GDB.
356
357   procedure Evaluate_Name (Nam : Node_Id);
358   --  Remove the all side effects from a name which appears as part of an
359   --  object renaming declaration. More comments are needed here that explain
360   --  how this differs from Force_Evaluation and Remove_Side_Effects ???
361
362   procedure Evolve_And_Then (Cond : in out Node_Id; Cond1 : Node_Id);
363   --  Rewrites Cond with the expression: Cond and then Cond1. If Cond is
364   --  Empty, then simply returns Cond1 (this allows the use of Empty to
365   --  initialize a series of checks evolved by this routine, with a final
366   --  result of Empty indicating that no checks were required). The Sloc field
367   --  of the constructed N_And_Then node is copied from Cond1.
368
369   procedure Evolve_Or_Else (Cond : in out Node_Id; Cond1 : Node_Id);
370   --  Rewrites Cond with the expression: Cond or else Cond1. If Cond is Empty,
371   --  then simply returns Cond1 (this allows the use of Empty to initialize a
372   --  series of checks evolved by this routine, with a final result of Empty
373   --  indicating that no checks were required). The Sloc field of the
374   --  constructed N_Or_Else node is copied from Cond1.
375
376   procedure Expand_Subtype_From_Expr
377     (N             : Node_Id;
378      Unc_Type      : Entity_Id;
379      Subtype_Indic : Node_Id;
380      Exp           : Node_Id);
381   --  Build a constrained subtype from the initial value in object
382   --  declarations and/or allocations when the type is indefinite (including
383   --  class-wide).
384
385   function Find_Interface_ADT
386     (T     : Entity_Id;
387      Iface : Entity_Id) return Elmt_Id;
388   --  Ada 2005 (AI-251): Given a type T implementing the interface Iface,
389   --  return the element of Access_Disp_Table containing the tag of the
390   --  interface.
391
392   function Find_Interface_Tag
393     (T     : Entity_Id;
394      Iface : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
395   --  Ada 2005 (AI-251): Given a type T implementing the interface Iface,
396   --  return the record component containing the tag of Iface.
397
398   function Find_Prim_Op (T : Entity_Id; Name : Name_Id) return Entity_Id;
399   --  Find the first primitive operation of type T whose name is 'Name'.
400   --  This function allows the use of a primitive operation which is not
401   --  directly visible. If T is a class wide type, then the reference is
402   --  to an operation of the corresponding root type. Raises Program_Error
403   --  exception if no primitive operation is found. This is normally an
404   --  internal error, but in some cases is an expected consequence of
405   --  illegalities elsewhere.
406
407   function Find_Prim_Op
408     (T    : Entity_Id;
409      Name : TSS_Name_Type) return Entity_Id;
410   --  Find the first primitive operation of type T whose name has the form
411   --  indicated by the name parameter (i.e. is a type support subprogram
412   --  with the indicated suffix). This function allows use of a primitive
413   --  operation which is not directly visible. If T is a class wide type,
414   --  then the reference is to an operation of the corresponding root type.
415   --  Raises Program_Error exception if no primitive operation is found.
416   --  This is normally an internal error, but in some cases is an expected
417   --  consequence of illegalities elsewhere.
418
419   function Find_Protection_Object (Scop : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
420   --  Traverse the scope stack starting from Scop and look for an entry,
421   --  entry family, or a subprogram that has a Protection_Object and return
422   --  it. Raises Program_Error if no such entity is found since the context
423   --  in which this routine is invoked should always have a protection
424   --  object.
425
426   function Find_Protection_Type (Conc_Typ : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
427   --  Given a protected type or its corresponding record, find the type of
428   --  field _object.
429
430   procedure Force_Evaluation
431     (Exp      : Node_Id;
432      Name_Req : Boolean := False);
433   --  Force the evaluation of the expression right away. Similar behavior
434   --  to Remove_Side_Effects when Variable_Ref is set to TRUE. That is to
435   --  say, it removes the side-effects and captures the values of the
436   --  variables. Remove_Side_Effects guarantees that multiple evaluations
437   --  of the same expression won't generate multiple side effects, whereas
438   --  Force_Evaluation further guarantees that all evaluations will yield
439   --  the same result.
440
441   function Fully_Qualified_Name_String (E : Entity_Id) return String_Id;
442   --  Generates the string literal corresponding to the fully qualified name
443   --  of entity E with an ASCII.NUL appended at the end of the name.
444
445   procedure Generate_Poll_Call (N : Node_Id);
446   --  If polling is active, then a call to the Poll routine is built,
447   --  and then inserted before the given node N and analyzed.
448
449   procedure Get_Current_Value_Condition
450     (Var : Node_Id;
451      Op  : out Node_Kind;
452      Val : out Node_Id);
453   --  This routine processes the Current_Value field of the variable Var. If
454   --  the Current_Value field is null or if it represents a known value, then
455   --  on return Cond is set to N_Empty, and Val is set to Empty.
456   --
457   --  The other case is when Current_Value points to an N_If_Statement or an
458   --  N_Elsif_Part or a N_Iteration_Scheme node (see description in Einfo for
459   --  exact details). In this case, Get_Current_Condition digs out the
460   --  condition, and then checks if the condition is known false, known true,
461   --  or not known at all. In the first two cases, Get_Current_Condition will
462   --  return with Op set to the appropriate conditional operator (inverted if
463   --  the condition is known false), and Val set to the constant value. If the
464   --  condition is not known, then Op and Val are set for the empty case
465   --  (N_Empty and Empty).
466   --
467   --  The check for whether the condition is true/false unknown depends
468   --  on the case:
469   --
470   --     For an IF, the condition is known true in the THEN part, known false
471   --     in any ELSIF or ELSE part, and not known outside the IF statement in
472   --     question.
473   --
474   --     For an ELSIF, the condition is known true in the ELSIF part, known
475   --     FALSE in any subsequent ELSIF, or ELSE part, and not known before the
476   --     ELSIF, or after the end of the IF statement.
477   --
478   --  The caller can use this result to determine the value (for the case of
479   --  N_Op_Eq), or to determine the result of some other test in other cases
480   --  (e.g. no access check required if N_Op_Ne Null).
481
482   function Get_Stream_Size (E : Entity_Id) return Uint;
483   --  Return the stream size value of the subtype E
484
485   function Has_Access_Constraint (E : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
486   --  Given object or type E, determine if a discriminant is of an access type
487
488   function Has_Following_Address_Clause (D : Node_Id) return Boolean;
489   --  D is the node for an object declaration. This function searches the
490   --  current declarative part to look for an address clause for the object
491   --  being declared, and returns True if one is found.
492
493   function Homonym_Number (Subp : Entity_Id) return Nat;
494   --  Here subp is the entity for a subprogram. This routine returns the
495   --  homonym number used to disambiguate overloaded subprograms in the same
496   --  scope (the number is used as part of constructed names to make sure that
497   --  they are unique). The number is the ordinal position on the Homonym
498   --  chain, counting only entries in the current scope. If an entity is not
499   --  overloaded, the returned number will be one.
500
501   function Inside_Init_Proc return Boolean;
502   --  Returns True if current scope is within an init proc
503
504   function In_Library_Level_Package_Body (Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
505   --  Given an arbitrary entity, determine whether it appears at the library
506   --  level of a package body.
507
508   function In_Unconditional_Context (Node : Node_Id) return Boolean;
509   --  Node is the node for a statement or a component of a statement. This
510   --  function determines if the statement appears in a context that is
511   --  unconditionally executed, i.e. it is not within a loop or a conditional
512   --  or a case statement etc.
513
514   function Is_All_Null_Statements (L : List_Id) return Boolean;
515   --  Return True if all the items of the list are N_Null_Statement nodes.
516   --  False otherwise. True for an empty list. It is an error to call this
517   --  routine with No_List as the argument.
518
519   function Is_Displacement_Of_Object_Or_Function_Result
520     (Obj_Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
521   --  Determine whether Obj_Id is a source entity that has been initialized by
522   --  either a controlled function call or the assignment of another source
523   --  object. In both cases the initialization expression is rewritten as a
524   --  class-wide conversion of Ada.Tags.Displace.
525
526   function Is_Finalizable_Transient
527     (Decl     : Node_Id;
528      Rel_Node : Node_Id) return Boolean;
529   --  Determine whether declaration Decl denotes a controlled transient which
530   --  should be finalized. Rel_Node is the related context. Even though some
531   --  transient are controlled, they may act as renamings of other objects or
532   --  function calls.
533
534   function Is_Fully_Repped_Tagged_Type (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
535   --  Tests given type T, and returns True if T is a non-discriminated tagged
536   --  type which has a record representation clause that specifies the layout
537   --  of all the components, including recursively components in all parent
538   --  types. We exclude discriminated types for convenience, it is extremely
539   --  unlikely that the special processing associated with the use of this
540   --  routine is useful for the case of a discriminated type, and testing for
541   --  component overlap would be a pain.
542
543   function Is_Library_Level_Tagged_Type (Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
544   --  Return True if Typ is a library level tagged type. Currently we use
545   --  this information to build statically allocated dispatch tables.
546
547   function Is_Non_BIP_Func_Call (Expr : Node_Id) return Boolean;
548   --  Determine whether node Expr denotes a non build-in-place function call
549
550   function Is_Possibly_Unaligned_Object (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
551   --  Node N is an object reference. This function returns True if it is
552   --  possible that the object may not be aligned according to the normal
553   --  default alignment requirement for its type (e.g. if it appears in a
554   --  packed record, or as part of a component that has a component clause.)
555
556   function Is_Possibly_Unaligned_Slice (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
557   --  Determine whether the node P is a slice of an array where the slice
558   --  result may cause alignment problems because it has an alignment that
559   --  is not compatible with the type. Return True if so.
560
561   function Is_Ref_To_Bit_Packed_Array (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
562   --  Determine whether the node P is a reference to a bit packed array, i.e.
563   --  whether the designated object is a component of a bit packed array, or a
564   --  subcomponent of such a component. If so, then all subscripts in P are
565   --  evaluated with a call to Force_Evaluation, and True is returned.
566   --  Otherwise False is returned, and P is not affected.
567
568   function Is_Ref_To_Bit_Packed_Slice (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
569   --  Determine whether the node P is a reference to a bit packed slice, i.e.
570   --  whether the designated object is bit packed slice or a component of a
571   --  bit packed slice. Return True if so.
572
573   function Is_Related_To_Func_Return (Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
574   --  Determine whether object Id is related to an expanded return statement.
575   --  The case concerned is "return Id.all;".
576
577   function Is_Renamed_Object (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
578   --  Returns True if the node N is a renamed object. An expression is
579   --  considered to be a renamed object if either it is the Name of an object
580   --  renaming declaration, or is the prefix of a name which is a renamed
581   --  object. For example, in:
582   --
583   --     x : r renames a (1 .. 2) (1);
584   --
585   --  We consider that a (1 .. 2) is a renamed object since it is the prefix
586   --  of the name in the renaming declaration.
587
588   function Is_Secondary_Stack_BIP_Func_Call (Expr : Node_Id) return Boolean;
589   --  Determine whether Expr denotes a build-in-place function which returns
590   --  its result on the secondary stack.
591
592   function Is_Tag_To_Class_Wide_Conversion
593     (Obj_Id : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
594   --  Determine whether object Obj_Id is the result of a tag-to-class-wide
595   --  type conversion.
596
597   function Is_Untagged_Derivation (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
598   --  Returns true if type T is not tagged and is a derived type,
599   --  or is a private type whose completion is such a type.
600
601   function Is_Volatile_Reference (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
602   --  Checks if the node N represents a volatile reference, which can be
603   --  either a direct reference to a variable treated as volatile, or an
604   --  indexed/selected component where the prefix is treated as volatile,
605   --  or has Volatile_Components set. A slice of a volatile variable is
606   --  also volatile.
607
608   function Is_VM_By_Copy_Actual (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
609   --  Returns True if we are compiling on VM targets and N is a node that
610   --  requires pass-by-copy in these targets.
611
612   procedure Kill_Dead_Code (N : Node_Id; Warn : Boolean := False);
613   --  N represents a node for a section of code that is known to be dead. Any
614   --  exception handler references and warning messages relating to this code
615   --  are removed. If Warn is True, a warning will be output at the start of N
616   --  indicating the deletion of the code. Note that the tree for the deleted
617   --  code is left intact so that e.g. cross-reference data is still valid.
618
619   procedure Kill_Dead_Code (L : List_Id; Warn : Boolean := False);
620   --  Like the above procedure, but applies to every element in the given
621   --  list. If Warn is True, a warning will be output at the start of N
622   --  indicating the deletion of the code.
623
624   function Known_Non_Negative (Opnd : Node_Id) return Boolean;
625   --  Given a node for a subexpression, determines if it represents a value
626   --  that cannot possibly be negative, and if so returns True. A value of
627   --  False means that it is not known if the value is positive or negative.
628
629   function Known_Non_Null (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
630   --  Given a node N for a subexpression of an access type, determines if
631   --  this subexpression yields a value that is known at compile time to
632   --  be non-null and returns True if so. Returns False otherwise. It is
633   --  an error to call this function if N is not of an access type.
634
635   function Known_Null (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
636   --  Given a node N for a subexpression of an access type, determines if this
637   --  subexpression yields a value that is known at compile time to be null
638   --  and returns True if so. Returns False otherwise. It is an error to call
639   --  this function if N is not of an access type.
640
641   function Make_Invariant_Call (Expr : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
642   --  Expr is an object of a type which Has_Invariants set (and which thus
643   --  also has an Invariant_Procedure set). If invariants are enabled, this
644   --  function returns a call to the Invariant procedure passing Expr as the
645   --  argument, and returns it unanalyzed. If invariants are not enabled,
646   --  returns a null statement.
647
648   function Make_Predicate_Call
649     (Typ  : Entity_Id;
650      Expr : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
651   --  Typ is a type with Predicate_Function set. This routine builds a call to
652   --  this function passing Expr as the argument, and returns it unanalyzed.
653
654   function Make_Predicate_Check
655     (Typ  : Entity_Id;
656      Expr : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
657   --  Typ is a type with Predicate_Function set. This routine builds a Check
658   --  pragma whose first argument is Predicate, and the second argument is a
659   --  call to the this predicate function with Expr as the argument.
660
661   function Make_Subtype_From_Expr
662     (E       : Node_Id;
663      Unc_Typ : Entity_Id) return Node_Id;
664   --  Returns a subtype indication corresponding to the actual type of an
665   --  expression E. Unc_Typ is an unconstrained array or record, or
666   --  a classwide type.
667
668   function May_Generate_Large_Temp (Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
669   --  Determines if the given type, Typ, may require a large temporary of the
670   --  kind that causes back-end trouble if stack checking is enabled. The
671   --  result is True only the size of the type is known at compile time and
672   --  large, where large is defined heuristically by the body of this routine.
673   --  The purpose of this routine is to help avoid generating troublesome
674   --  temporaries that interfere with stack checking mechanism. Note that the
675   --  caller has to check whether stack checking is actually enabled in order
676   --  to guide the expansion (typically of a function call).
677
678   function Needs_Constant_Address
679     (Decl : Node_Id;
680      Typ  : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
681   --  Check whether the expression in an address clause is restricted to
682   --  consist of constants, when the object has a non-trivial initialization
683   --  or is controlled.
684
685   function Needs_Finalization (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
686   --  True if type T is controlled, or has controlled subcomponents. Also
687   --  True if T is a class-wide type, because some type extension might add
688   --  controlled subcomponents, except that if pragma Restrictions
689   --  (No_Finalization) applies, this is False for class-wide types.
690
691   function Non_Limited_Designated_Type (T : Entity_Id) return Entity_Id;
692   --  An anonymous access type may designate a limited view. Check whether
693   --  non-limited view is available during expansion, to examine components
694   --  or other characteristics of the full type.
695
696   function OK_To_Do_Constant_Replacement (E : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
697   --  This function is used when testing whether or not to replace a reference
698   --  to entity E by a known constant value. Such replacement must be done
699   --  only in a scope known to be safe for such replacements. In particular,
700   --  if we are within a subprogram and the entity E is declared outside the
701   --  subprogram then we cannot do the replacement, since we do not attempt to
702   --  trace subprogram call flow. It is also unsafe to replace statically
703   --  allocated values (since they can be modified outside the scope), and we
704   --  also inhibit replacement of Volatile or aliased objects since their
705   --  address might be captured in a way we do not detect. A value of True is
706   --  returned only if the replacement is safe.
707
708   function Possible_Bit_Aligned_Component (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
709   --  This function is used during processing the assignment of a record or
710   --  indexed component. The argument N is either the left hand or right hand
711   --  side of an assignment, and this function determines if there is a record
712   --  component reference where the record may be bit aligned in a manner that
713   --  causes trouble for the back end (see Component_May_Be_Bit_Aligned for
714   --  further details).
715
716   procedure Process_Statements_For_Controlled_Objects (N : Node_Id);
717   --  N is a node which contains a non-handled statement list. Inspect the
718   --  statements looking for declarations of controlled objects. If at least
719   --  one such object is found, wrap the statement list in a block.
720
721   function Remove_Init_Call
722     (Var        : Entity_Id;
723      Rep_Clause : Node_Id) return Node_Id;
724   --  Look for init_proc call or aggregate initialization statements for
725   --  variable Var, either among declarations between that of Var and a
726   --  subsequent Rep_Clause applying to Var, or in the list of freeze actions
727   --  associated with Var, and if found, remove and return that call node.
728
729   procedure Remove_Side_Effects
730     (Exp          : Node_Id;
731      Name_Req     : Boolean := False;
732      Variable_Ref : Boolean := False);
733   --  Given the node for a subexpression, this function replaces the node if
734   --  necessary by an equivalent subexpression that is guaranteed to be side
735   --  effect free. This is done by extracting any actions that could cause
736   --  side effects, and inserting them using Insert_Actions into the tree to
737   --  which Exp is attached. Exp must be analyzed and resolved before the call
738   --  and is analyzed and resolved on return. The Name_Req may only be set to
739   --  True if Exp has the form of a name, and the effect is to guarantee that
740   --  any replacement maintains the form of name. If Variable_Ref is set to
741   --  TRUE, a variable is considered as side effect (used in implementing
742   --  Force_Evaluation). Note: after call to Remove_Side_Effects, it is safe
743   --  to call New_Copy_Tree to obtain a copy of the resulting expression.
744
745   function Represented_As_Scalar (T : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
746   --  Returns True iff the implementation of this type in code generation
747   --  terms is scalar. This is true for scalars in the Ada sense, and for
748   --  packed arrays which are represented by a scalar (modular) type.
749
750   function Requires_Cleanup_Actions
751     (N         : Node_Id;
752      Lib_Level : Boolean) return Boolean;
753   --  Given a node N, determine whether its declarative and/or statement list
754   --  contains one of the following:
755   --
756   --    1) controlled objects
757   --    2) library-level tagged types
758   --
759   --  These cases require special actions on scope exit. The flag Lib_Level
760   --  is set True if the construct is at library level, and False otherwise.
761
762   function Safe_Unchecked_Type_Conversion (Exp : Node_Id) return Boolean;
763   --  Given the node for an N_Unchecked_Type_Conversion, return True if this
764   --  is an unchecked conversion that Gigi can handle directly. Otherwise
765   --  return False if it is one for which the front end must provide a
766   --  temporary. Note that the node need not be analyzed, and thus the Etype
767   --  field may not be set, but in that case it must be the case that the
768   --  Subtype_Mark field of the node is set/analyzed.
769
770   procedure Set_Current_Value_Condition (Cnode : Node_Id);
771   --  Cnode is N_If_Statement, N_Elsif_Part, or N_Iteration_Scheme (the latter
772   --  when a WHILE condition is present). This call checks whether Condition
773   --  (Cnode) has embedded expressions of a form that should result in setting
774   --  the Current_Value field of one or more entities, and if so sets these
775   --  fields to point to Cnode.
776
777   procedure Set_Elaboration_Flag (N : Node_Id; Spec_Id : Entity_Id);
778   --  N is the node for a subprogram or generic body, and Spec_Id is the
779   --  entity for the corresponding spec. If an elaboration entity is defined,
780   --  then this procedure generates an assignment statement to set it True,
781   --  immediately after the body is elaborated. However, no assignment is
782   --  generated in the case of library level procedures, since the setting of
783   --  the flag in this case is generated in the binder. We do that so that we
784   --  can detect cases where this is the only elaboration action that is
785   --  required.
786
787   procedure Set_Renamed_Subprogram (N : Node_Id; E : Entity_Id);
788   --  N is an node which is an entity name that represents the name of a
789   --  renamed subprogram. The node is rewritten to be an identifier that
790   --  refers directly to the renamed subprogram, given by entity E.
791
792   procedure Silly_Boolean_Array_Not_Test (N : Node_Id; T : Entity_Id);
793   --  N is the node for a boolean array NOT operation, and T is the type of
794   --  the array. This routine deals with the silly case where the subtype of
795   --  the boolean array is False..False or True..True, where it is required
796   --  that a Constraint_Error exception be raised (RM 4.5.6(6)).
797
798   procedure Silly_Boolean_Array_Xor_Test (N : Node_Id; T : Entity_Id);
799   --  N is the node for a boolean array XOR operation, and T is the type of
800   --  the array. This routine deals with the silly case where the subtype of
801   --  the boolean array is True..True, where a raise of a Constraint_Error
802   --  exception is required (RM 4.5.6(6)).
803
804   function Target_Has_Fixed_Ops
805     (Left_Typ   : Entity_Id;
806      Right_Typ  : Entity_Id;
807      Result_Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
808   --  Returns True if and only if the target machine has direct support
809   --  for fixed-by-fixed multiplications and divisions for the given
810   --  operand and result types. This is called in package Exp_Fixd to
811   --  determine whether to expand such operations.
812
813   function Type_May_Have_Bit_Aligned_Components
814     (Typ : Entity_Id) return Boolean;
815   --  Determines if Typ is a composite type that has within it (looking down
816   --  recursively at any subcomponents), a record type which has component
817   --  that may be bit aligned (see Possible_Bit_Aligned_Component). The result
818   --  is conservative, in that a result of False is decisive. A result of True
819   --  means that such a component may or may not be present.
820
821   function Within_Case_Or_If_Expression (N : Node_Id) return Boolean;
822   --  Determine whether arbitrary node N is within a case or an if expression
823
824   procedure Wrap_Cleanup_Procedure (N : Node_Id);
825   --  Given an N_Subprogram_Body node, this procedure adds an Abort_Defer call
826   --  at the start of the statement sequence, and an Abort_Undefer call at the
827   --  end of the statement sequence. All cleanup routines (i.e. those that are
828   --  called from "at end" handlers) must defer abort on entry and undefer
829   --  abort on exit. Note that it is assumed that the code for the procedure
830   --  does not contain any return statements which would allow the flow of
831   --  control to escape doing the undefer call.
832
833private
834   pragma Inline (Duplicate_Subexpr);
835   pragma Inline (Force_Evaluation);
836   pragma Inline (Is_Library_Level_Tagged_Type);
837end Exp_Util;
838