1 /**
2  * \file
3  * Copyright 2011 Novell, Inc.
4  *
5  * Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
6  */
7 
8 /*
9  * The bridge is a mechanism for SGen to let clients override the death of some
10  * unreachable objects.  We use it in monodroid to do garbage collection across
11  * the Mono and Java heaps.
12  *
13  * The client (Monodroid) can designate some objects as "bridged", which means
14  * that they participate in the bridge processing step once SGen considers them
15  * unreachable, i.e., dead.  Bridged objects must be registered for
16  * finalization.
17  *
18  * When SGen is done marking, it puts together a list of all dead bridged
19  * objects.  This is passed to the bridge processor, which does an analysis to
20  * simplify the graph: It replaces strongly-connected components with single
21  * nodes, and may remove nodes corresponding to components which do not contain
22  * bridged objects.
23  *
24  * The output of the SCC analysis is passed to the client's `cross_references()`
25  * callback.  This consists of 2 arrays, an array of SCCs (MonoGCBridgeSCC),
26  * and an array of "xrefs" (edges between SCCs, MonoGCBridgeXRef).  Edges are
27  * encoded as pairs of "API indices", ie indexes in the SCC array.  The client
28  * is expected to set the `is_alive` flag on those strongly connected components
29  * that it wishes to be kept alive.
30  *
31  * In monodroid each bridged object has a corresponding Java mirror object.  In
32  * the bridge callback it reifies the Mono object graph in the Java heap so that
33  * the full, combined object graph is now instantiated on the Java side.  Then
34  * it triggers a Java GC, waits for it to finish, and checks which of the Java
35  * mirror objects are still alive.  For those it sets the `is_alive` flag and
36  * returns from the callback.
37  *
38  * The SCC analysis is done while the world is stopped, but the callback is made
39  * with the world running again.  Weak links to bridged objects and other
40  * objects reachable from them are kept until the callback returns, at which
41  * point all links to bridged objects that don't have `is_alive` set are nulled.
42  * Note that weak links to non-bridged objects reachable from bridged objects
43  * are not nulled.  This might be considered a bug.
44  *
45  * There are three different implementations of the bridge processor, each of
46  * which implements 8 callbacks (see SgenBridgeProcessor).  The implementations
47  * differ in the algorithm they use to compute the "simplified" SCC graph.
48  */
49 
50 #ifndef _MONO_SGEN_BRIDGE_H_
51 #define _MONO_SGEN_BRIDGE_H_
52 
53 #include <mono/utils/mono-publib.h>
54 
55 MONO_BEGIN_DECLS
56 
57 enum {
58 	SGEN_BRIDGE_VERSION = 5
59 };
60 
61 typedef enum {
62 	/* Instances of this class should be scanned when computing the transitive dependency among bridges. E.g. List<object>*/
63 	GC_BRIDGE_TRANSPARENT_CLASS,
64 	/* Instances of this class should not be scanned when computing the transitive dependency among bridges. E.g. String*/
65 	GC_BRIDGE_OPAQUE_CLASS,
66 	/* Instances of this class should be bridged and have their dependency computed. */
67 	GC_BRIDGE_TRANSPARENT_BRIDGE_CLASS,
68 	/* Instances of this class should be bridged but no dependencies should not be calculated. */
69 	GC_BRIDGE_OPAQUE_BRIDGE_CLASS,
70 } MonoGCBridgeObjectKind;
71 
72 typedef struct {
73 	mono_bool is_alive;	/* to be set by the cross reference callback */
74 	int num_objs;
75 	MonoObject *objs [MONO_ZERO_LEN_ARRAY];
76 } MonoGCBridgeSCC;
77 
78 typedef struct {
79 	int src_scc_index;
80 	int dst_scc_index;
81 } MonoGCBridgeXRef;
82 
83 typedef struct {
84 	int bridge_version;
85 	/*
86 	 * Tells the runtime which classes to even consider when looking for
87 	 * bridged objects.  If subclasses are to be considered as well, the
88 	 * subclass check must be done in the callback.
89 	 */
90 	MonoGCBridgeObjectKind (*bridge_class_kind) (MonoClass *klass);
91 	/*
92 	 * This is only called on objects for whose classes
93 	 * `bridge_class_kind()` returned `XXX_BRIDGE_CLASS`.
94 	 */
95 	mono_bool (*is_bridge_object) (MonoObject *object);
96 	void (*cross_references) (int num_sccs, MonoGCBridgeSCC **sccs, int num_xrefs, MonoGCBridgeXRef *xrefs);
97 } MonoGCBridgeCallbacks;
98 
99 /*
100  * Note: This may be called at any time, but cannot be called concurrently
101  * with (during and on a separate thread from) sgen init. Callers are
102  * responsible for enforcing this.
103  */
104 MONO_API void mono_gc_register_bridge_callbacks (MonoGCBridgeCallbacks *callbacks);
105 
106 MONO_API void mono_gc_wait_for_bridge_processing (void);
107 
108 MONO_END_DECLS
109 
110 #endif
111