1GNU General Public License 2========================== 3 4_Version 2, June 1991_ 5 6_Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,_ 7 8_51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA_ 9 10Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 11of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 12 13### Preamble 14 15The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 16freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 17License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 18software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 19General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 20Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 21using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 22the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 23your programs, too. 24 25When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 26price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 27have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 28this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 29if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 30in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 31 32To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 33anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 34These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 35distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 36 37For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 38gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 39you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 40source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 41rights. 42 43We protect your rights with two steps: **(1)** copyright the software, and 44**(2)** offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 45distribute and/or modify the software. 46 47Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 48that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 49software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 50want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 51that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 52authors' reputations. 53 54Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 55patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 56program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 57program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 58patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 59 60The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 61modification follow. 62 63### TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 64 65**0.** This License applies to any program or other work which contains 66a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 67under the terms of this General Public License. The “Program”, below, 68refers to any such program or work, and a “work based on the Program” 69means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 70that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 71either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 72language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 73the term “modification”.) Each licensee is addressed as “you”. 74 75Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 76covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 77running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 78is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 79Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 80Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 81 82**1.** You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 83source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 84conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 85copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 86notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 87and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 88along with the Program. 89 90You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 91you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 92 93**2.** You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 94of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 95distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 96above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 97 98* **a)** You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 99stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 100* **b)** You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 101whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 102part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 103parties under the terms of this License. 104* **c)** If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 105when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 106interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 107announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 108notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 109a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 110these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 111License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 112does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 113the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 114 115These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 116identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 117and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 118themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 119sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 120distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 121on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 122this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 123entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 124 125Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 126your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 127exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 128collective works based on the Program. 129 130In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 131with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 132a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 133the scope of this License. 134 135**3.** You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 136under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 137Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 138 139* **a)** Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 140source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1411 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 142* **b)** Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 143years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 144cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 145machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 146distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 147customarily used for software interchange; or, 148* **c)** Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 149to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is 150allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you 151received the program in object code or executable form with such 152an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) 153 154The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for 155making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source 156code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any 157associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to 158control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a 159special exception, the source code distributed need not include 160anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary 161form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the 162operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component 163itself accompanies the executable. 164 165If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering 166access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent 167access to copy the source code from the same place counts as 168distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not 169compelled to copy the source along with the object code. 170 171**4.** You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program 172except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt 173otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 174void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 175However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 176this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 177parties remain in full compliance. 178 179**5.** You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 180signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 181distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 182prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 183modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 184Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 185all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 186the Program or works based on it. 187 188**6.** Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 189Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 190original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 191these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 192restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 193You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 194this License. 195 196**7.** If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 197infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 198conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 199otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 200excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 201distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 202License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 203may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 204license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 205all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 206the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 207refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 208 209If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 210any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 211apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 212circumstances. 213 214It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 215patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 216such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 217integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 218implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 219generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 220through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 221system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 222to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 223impose that choice. 224 225This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 226be a consequence of the rest of this License. 227 228**8.** If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 229certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 230original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 231may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 232those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 233countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 234the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 235 236**9.** The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 237of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 238be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 239address new problems or concerns. 240 241Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 242specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and “any 243later version”, you have the option of following the terms and conditions 244either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 245Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 246this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 247Foundation. 248 249**10.** If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 250programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 251to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 252Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 253make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 254of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 255of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 256 257### NO WARRANTY 258 259**11.** BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 260FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 261OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 262PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 263OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 264MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 265TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 266PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 267REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 268 269**12.** IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 270WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 271REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 272INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 273OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 274TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 275YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 276PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 277POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 278 279END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 280 281### How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 282 283If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 284possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 285free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 286 287To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 288to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 289convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 290the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 291 292``` 293<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 294Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> 295 296This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 297it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 298the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 299(at your option) any later version. 300 301This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 302but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 303MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 304GNU General Public License for more details. 305 306You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along 307with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 30851 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 309``` 310 311Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 312 313If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 314when it starts in an interactive mode: 315 316``` 317Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 318Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 319This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 320under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 321``` 322 323The hypothetical commands `show w` and `show c` should show the appropriate 324parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 325be called something other than `show w` and `show c`; they could even be 326mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 327 328You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 329school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if 330necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 331 332``` 333Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 334`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 335 336<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 337Ty Coon, President of Vice 338``` 339 340This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 341proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 342consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 343library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 344Public License instead of this License. 345