1/** @file ginsh_parser.ypp
2 *
3 *  Input grammar definition for ginsh.
4 *  This file must be processed with yacc/bison. */
5
6/*
7 *  GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2022 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
8 *
9 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
12 *  (at your option) any later version.
13 *
14 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
17 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
18 *
19 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
22 */
23
24
25/*
26 *  Definitions
27 */
28
29%{
30#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
31#include "config.h"
32#endif
33#ifdef HAVE_RUSAGE
34#include <sys/resource.h>
35#else
36#include <ctime>
37#endif
38
39#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
40#include <sys/types.h>
41#include <unistd.h>
42#endif
43
44#include <stdexcept>
45
46#include "ginsh.h"
47
48using namespace std;
49using namespace GiNaC;
50
51#define YYERROR_VERBOSE 1
52
53#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
54// Original readline settings
55static int orig_completion_append_character;
56static const char *orig_basic_word_break_characters;
57
58#if (RL_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5)
59#define GINAC_RL_COMPLETER_CAST(a) const_cast<char *>((a))
60#else
61#define GINAC_RL_COMPLETER_CAST(a) (a)
62#endif
63#endif // HAVE_LIBREADLINE
64
65// Expression stack for %, %% and %%%
66static void push(const ex &e);
67static ex exstack[3];
68// Assigned symbols
69static exmap assigned_symbol_table;
70
71// Start and end time for the time() function
72#ifdef HAVE_RUSAGE
73static struct rusage start_time, end_time;
74#define START_TIMER getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &start_time);
75#define STOP_TIMER getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &end_time);
76#define PRINT_TIME_USED cout << \
77   (end_time.ru_utime.tv_sec - start_time.ru_utime.tv_sec) + \
78       (end_time.ru_stime.tv_sec - start_time.ru_stime.tv_sec) + \
79       double(end_time.ru_utime.tv_usec - start_time.ru_utime.tv_usec) / 1e6 + \
80       double(end_time.ru_stime.tv_usec - start_time.ru_stime.tv_usec) / 1e6 \
81                       << 's' << endl;
82#else
83static std::clock_t start_time, end_time;
84#define START_TIMER start_time = std::clock();
85#define STOP_TIMER end_time = std::clock();
86#define PRINT_TIME_USED \
87  cout << double(end_time - start_time)/CLOCKS_PER_SEC << 's' << endl;
88#endif
89
90// Table of functions (a multimap, because one function may appear with different
91// numbers of parameters)
92typedef ex (*fcnp)(const exprseq &e);
93typedef ex (*fcnp2)(const exprseq &e, int serial);
94
95struct fcn_desc {
96	fcn_desc() : p(nullptr), num_params(0), is_ginac(false), serial(0) {}
97	fcn_desc(fcnp func, int num) : p(func), num_params(num), is_ginac(false), serial(0) {}
98	fcn_desc(fcnp2 func, int num, int ser) : p((fcnp)func), num_params(num), is_ginac(true), serial(ser) {}
99
100	fcnp p;		// Pointer to function
101	int num_params;	// Number of parameters (0 = arbitrary)
102	bool is_ginac;	// Flag: function is GiNaC function
103	int serial;	// GiNaC function serial number (if is_ginac == true)
104};
105
106typedef multimap<string, fcn_desc> fcn_tab;
107static fcn_tab fcns;
108
109static fcn_tab::const_iterator find_function(const ex &sym, int req_params);
110
111// Table to map help topics to help strings
112typedef multimap<string, string> help_tab;
113static help_tab help;
114
115static void insert_fcn_help(const char *name, const char *str);
116static void print_help(const string &topic);
117static void print_help_topics(void);
118%}
119
120/* Tokens (T_LITERAL means a literal value returned by the parser, but not
121   of class numeric or symbol (e.g. a constant or the FAIL object)) */
122%token T_NUMBER T_SYMBOL T_LITERAL T_DIGITS T_QUOTE T_QUOTE2 T_QUOTE3
123%token T_EQUAL T_NOTEQ T_LESSEQ T_GREATEREQ
124
125%token T_QUIT T_WARRANTY T_PRINT T_IPRINT T_PRINTLATEX T_PRINTCSRC T_TIME
126%token T_XYZZY T_INVENTORY T_LOOK T_SCORE T_COMPLEX_SYMBOLS T_REAL_SYMBOLS
127
128/* Operator precedence and associativity */
129%right '='
130%left T_EQUAL T_NOTEQ
131%left '<' '>' T_LESSEQ T_GREATEREQ
132%left '+' '-'
133%left '*' '/'
134%nonassoc NEG
135%right '^'
136%nonassoc '!'
137
138%start input
139
140
141/*
142 *  Grammar rules
143 */
144
145%%
146input	: /* empty */
147	| input line
148	;
149
150line	: ';'
151	| exp ';' {
152		try {
153			cout << $1 << endl;
154			push($1);
155		} catch (exception &e) {
156			cerr << e.what() << endl;
157			YYERROR;
158		}
159	}
160	| exp ':' {
161		try {
162			push($1);
163		} catch (exception &e) {
164			std::cerr << e.what() << endl;
165			YYERROR;
166		}
167	}
168	| T_PRINT '(' exp ')' ';' {
169		try {
170			$3.print(print_tree(std::cout));
171		} catch (exception &e) {
172			std::cerr << e.what() << endl;
173			YYERROR;
174		}
175	}
176	| T_IPRINT '(' exp ')' ';' {
177		try {
178			ex e = $3;
179			if (!e.info(info_flags::integer))
180				throw (std::invalid_argument("argument to iprint() must be an integer"));
181			long i = ex_to<numeric>(e).to_long();
182			cout << i << endl;
183			cout << "#o" << oct << i << endl;
184			cout << "#x" << hex << i << dec << endl;
185		} catch (exception &e) {
186			cerr << e.what() << endl;
187			YYERROR;
188		}
189	}
190	| T_PRINTLATEX '(' exp ')' ';' {
191		try {
192			$3.print(print_latex(std::cout)); cout << endl;
193		} catch (exception &e) {
194			std::cerr << e.what() << endl;
195			YYERROR;
196		}
197	}
198	| T_PRINTCSRC '(' exp ')' ';' {
199		try {
200			$3.print(print_csrc_double(std::cout)); cout << endl;
201		} catch (exception &e) {
202			std::cerr << e.what() << endl;
203			YYERROR;
204		}
205	}
206	| '?' T_SYMBOL 		{print_help(ex_to<symbol>($2).get_name());}
207	| '?' T_TIME		{print_help("time");}
208	| '?' T_PRINT		{print_help("print");}
209	| '?' T_IPRINT		{print_help("iprint");}
210	| '?' T_PRINTLATEX	{print_help("print_latex");}
211	| '?' T_PRINTCSRC	{print_help("print_csrc");}
212	| '?' '?'		{print_help_topics();}
213	| T_QUIT		{YYACCEPT;}
214	| T_WARRANTY {
215		cout << "This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under\n";
216		cout << "the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software\n";
217		cout << "Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later\n";
218		cout << "version.\n";
219		cout << "This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT\n";
220		cout << "ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS\n";
221		cout << "FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more\n";
222		cout << "details.\n";
223		cout << "You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with\n";
224		cout << "this program. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation,\n";
225		cout << "51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.\n";
226	}
227	| T_XYZZY		{cout << "Nothing happens.\n";}
228	| T_INVENTORY		{cout << "You're not carrying anything.\n";}
229	| T_LOOK		{cout << "You're in a twisty little maze of passages, all alike.\n";}
230	| T_SCORE {
231		cout << "If you were to quit now, you would score ";
232		cout << (syms.size() > 350 ? 350 : syms.size());
233		cout << " out of a possible 350.\n";
234	}
235	| T_REAL_SYMBOLS { symboltype = domain::real; }
236	| T_COMPLEX_SYMBOLS { symboltype = domain::complex; }
237	| T_TIME { START_TIMER } '(' exp ')' { STOP_TIMER PRINT_TIME_USED }
238	| error ';'		{yyclearin; yyerrok;}
239	| error ':'		{yyclearin; yyerrok;}
240	;
241
242exp	: T_NUMBER		{$$ = $1;}
243	| T_SYMBOL		{
244		auto i = assigned_symbol_table.find($1);
245		if (i == assigned_symbol_table.end())
246			$$ = $1;
247		else
248			$$ = i->second;
249	}
250	| '\'' T_SYMBOL '\''	{$$ = $2;}
251	| T_LITERAL		{$$ = $1;}
252	| T_DIGITS		{$$ = $1;}
253	| T_QUOTE		{$$ = exstack[0];}
254	| T_QUOTE2		{$$ = exstack[1];}
255	| T_QUOTE3		{$$ = exstack[2];}
256	| T_SYMBOL '(' exprseq ')' {
257		auto i = find_function($1, $3.nops());
258		if (i->second.is_ginac) {
259			$$ = ((fcnp2)(i->second.p))(ex_to<exprseq>($3), i->second.serial);
260		} else {
261			$$ = (i->second.p)(ex_to<exprseq>($3));
262		}
263	}
264	| T_DIGITS '=' T_NUMBER	{$$ = $3; Digits = ex_to<numeric>($3).to_int();}
265	| T_SYMBOL '=' exp	{$$ = $3; assigned_symbol_table[$1] = $3; }
266	| exp T_EQUAL exp	{$$ = $1 == $3;}
267	| exp T_NOTEQ exp	{$$ = $1 != $3;}
268	| exp '<' exp		{$$ = $1 < $3;}
269	| exp T_LESSEQ exp	{$$ = $1 <= $3;}
270	| exp '>' exp		{$$ = $1 > $3;}
271	| exp T_GREATEREQ exp	{$$ = $1 >= $3;}
272	| exp '+' exp		{$$ = $1 + $3;}
273	| exp '-' exp		{$$ = $1 - $3;}
274	| exp '*' exp		{$$ = $1 * $3;}
275	| exp '/' exp		{$$ = $1 / $3;}
276	| '-' exp %prec NEG	{$$ = -$2;}
277	| '+' exp %prec NEG	{$$ = $2;}
278	| exp '^' exp		{$$ = power($1, $3);}
279	| exp '!'		{$$ = factorial($1);}
280	| '(' exp ')'		{$$ = $2;}
281	| '{' list_or_empty '}'	{$$ = $2;}
282	| '[' matrix ']'	{$$ = lst_to_matrix(ex_to<lst>($2));}
283	;
284
285exprseq	: exp			{$$ = exprseq{$1};}
286	| exprseq ',' exp	{exprseq es(ex_to<exprseq>($1)); $$ = es.append($3);}
287	;
288
289list_or_empty: /* empty */	{$$ = *new lst;}
290	| list			{$$ = $1;}
291	;
292
293list	: exp			{$$ = lst{$1};}
294	| list ',' exp		{lst l(ex_to<lst>($1)); $$ = l.append($3);}
295	;
296
297matrix	: '[' row ']'		{$$ = lst{$2};}
298	| matrix ',' '[' row ']' {lst l(ex_to<lst>($1)); $$ = l.append($4);}
299	;
300
301row	: exp			{$$ = lst{$1};}
302	| row ',' exp		{lst l(ex_to<lst>($1)); $$ = l.append($3);}
303	;
304
305
306/*
307 *  Routines
308 */
309
310%%
311// Error print routine
312int yyerror(const char *s)
313{
314	cerr << s << " at " << yytext << endl;
315	return 0;
316}
317
318// Push expression "e" onto the expression stack (for ", "" and """)
319static void push(const ex &e)
320{
321	exstack[2] = exstack[1];
322	exstack[1] = exstack[0];
323	exstack[0] = e;
324}
325
326
327/*
328 *  Built-in functions
329 */
330
331static ex f_collect(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].collect(e[1]);}
332static ex f_collect_distributed(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].collect(e[1], true);}
333static ex f_collect_common_factors(const exprseq &e) {return collect_common_factors(e[0]);}
334static ex f_convert_H_to_Li(const exprseq &e) {return convert_H_to_Li(e[0], e[1]);}
335static ex f_degree(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].degree(e[1]);}
336static ex f_denom(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].denom();}
337static ex f_evalf(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].evalf();}
338static ex f_evalm(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].evalm();}
339static ex f_eval_integ(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].eval_integ();}
340static ex f_expand(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].expand();}
341static ex f_factor(const exprseq &e) {return factor(e[0]);}
342static ex f_gcd(const exprseq &e) {return gcd(e[0], e[1]);}
343static ex f_has(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].has(e[1]) ? ex(1) : ex(0);}
344static ex f_lcm(const exprseq &e) {return lcm(e[0], e[1]);}
345static ex f_lcoeff(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].lcoeff(e[1]);}
346static ex f_ldegree(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].ldegree(e[1]);}
347static ex f_lsolve(const exprseq &e) {return lsolve(e[0], e[1]);}
348static ex f_nops(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].nops();}
349static ex f_normal(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].normal();}
350static ex f_numer(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].numer();}
351static ex f_numer_denom(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].numer_denom();}
352static ex f_pow(const exprseq &e) {return pow(e[0], e[1]);}
353static ex f_sqrt(const exprseq &e) {return sqrt(e[0]);}
354static ex f_sqrfree1(const exprseq &e) {return sqrfree(e[0]);}
355static ex f_subs2(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].subs(e[1]);}
356static ex f_tcoeff(const exprseq &e) {return e[0].tcoeff(e[1]);}
357
358#define CHECK_ARG(num, type, fcn) if (!is_a<type>(e[num])) throw(std::invalid_argument("argument " #num " to " #fcn "() must be a " #type))
359
360static ex f_charpoly(const exprseq &e)
361{
362	CHECK_ARG(0, matrix, charpoly);
363	return ex_to<matrix>(e[0]).charpoly(e[1]);
364}
365
366static ex f_coeff(const exprseq &e)
367{
368	CHECK_ARG(2, numeric, coeff);
369	return e[0].coeff(e[1], ex_to<numeric>(e[2]).to_int());
370}
371
372static ex f_content(const exprseq &e)
373{
374	return e[0].content(e[1]);
375}
376
377static ex f_decomp_rational(const exprseq &e)
378{
379	return decomp_rational(e[0], e[1]);
380}
381
382static ex f_determinant(const exprseq &e)
383{
384	CHECK_ARG(0, matrix, determinant);
385	return ex_to<matrix>(e[0]).determinant();
386}
387
388static ex f_diag(const exprseq &e)
389{
390	size_t dim = e.nops();
391	matrix &m = *new matrix(dim, dim);
392	for (size_t i=0; i<dim; i++)
393		m.set(i, i, e.op(i));
394	return m;
395}
396
397static ex f_diff2(const exprseq &e)
398{
399	CHECK_ARG(1, symbol, diff);
400	return e[0].diff(ex_to<symbol>(e[1]));
401}
402
403static ex f_diff3(const exprseq &e)
404{
405	CHECK_ARG(1, symbol, diff);
406	CHECK_ARG(2, numeric, diff);
407	return e[0].diff(ex_to<symbol>(e[1]), ex_to<numeric>(e[2]).to_int());
408}
409
410static ex f_divide(const exprseq &e)
411{
412	ex q;
413	if (divide(e[0], e[1], q))
414		return q;
415	else
416		return fail();
417}
418
419static ex f_find(const exprseq &e)
420{
421	exset found;
422	e[0].find(e[1], found);
423	lst l;
424	for (auto & i : found)
425		l.append(i);
426	return l;
427}
428
429static ex f_fsolve(const exprseq &e)
430{
431	CHECK_ARG(1, symbol, fsolve);
432	CHECK_ARG(2, numeric, fsolve);
433	CHECK_ARG(3, numeric, fsolve);
434	return fsolve(e[0], ex_to<symbol>(e[1]), ex_to<numeric>(e[2]), ex_to<numeric>(e[3]));
435}
436
437static ex f_integer_content(const exprseq &e)
438{
439	return e[0].expand().integer_content();
440}
441
442static ex f_integral(const exprseq &e)
443{
444	CHECK_ARG(0, symbol, integral);
445	return GiNaC::integral(e[0], e[1], e[2], e[3]);
446}
447
448static ex f_inverse(const exprseq &e)
449{
450	CHECK_ARG(0, matrix, inverse);
451	return ex_to<matrix>(e[0]).inverse();
452}
453
454static ex f_is(const exprseq &e)
455{
456	CHECK_ARG(0, relational, is);
457	return (bool)ex_to<relational>(e[0]) ? ex(1) : ex(0);
458}
459
460class apply_map_function : public map_function {
461	ex apply;
462public:
463	apply_map_function(const ex & a) : apply(a) {}
464	virtual ~apply_map_function() {}
465	ex operator()(const ex & e) override { return apply.subs(wild() == e, true); }
466};
467
468static ex f_map(const exprseq &e)
469{
470	apply_map_function fcn(e[1]);
471	return e[0].map(fcn);
472}
473
474static ex f_match(const exprseq &e)
475{
476	exmap repls;
477	if (e[0].match(e[1], repls)) {
478		lst repl_lst;
479		for (auto & i : repls)
480			repl_lst.append(relational(i.first, i.second, relational::equal));
481		return repl_lst;
482	}
483	throw std::runtime_error("FAIL");
484}
485
486static ex f_op(const exprseq &e)
487{
488	CHECK_ARG(1, numeric, op);
489	int n = ex_to<numeric>(e[1]).to_int();
490	if (n < 0 || n >= (int)e[0].nops())
491		throw(std::out_of_range("second argument to op() is out of range"));
492	return e[0].op(n);
493}
494
495static ex f_prem(const exprseq &e)
496{
497	return prem(e[0], e[1], e[2]);
498}
499
500static ex f_primpart(const exprseq &e)
501{
502	return e[0].primpart(e[1]);
503}
504
505static ex f_quo(const exprseq &e)
506{
507	return quo(e[0], e[1], e[2]);
508}
509
510static ex f_rank(const exprseq &e)
511{
512	CHECK_ARG(0, matrix, rank);
513	return ex_to<matrix>(e[0]).rank();
514}
515
516static ex f_rem(const exprseq &e)
517{
518	return rem(e[0], e[1], e[2]);
519}
520
521static ex f_resultant(const exprseq &e)
522{
523	CHECK_ARG(2, symbol, resultant);
524	return resultant(e[0], e[1], ex_to<symbol>(e[2]));
525}
526
527static ex f_series(const exprseq &e)
528{
529	CHECK_ARG(2, numeric, series);
530	return e[0].series(e[1], ex_to<numeric>(e[2]).to_int());
531}
532
533static ex f_sprem(const exprseq &e)
534{
535	return sprem(e[0], e[1], e[2]);
536}
537
538static ex f_sqrfree2(const exprseq &e)
539{
540	CHECK_ARG(1, lst, sqrfree);
541	return sqrfree(e[0], ex_to<lst>(e[1]));
542}
543
544static ex f_subs3(const exprseq &e)
545{
546	CHECK_ARG(1, lst, subs);
547	CHECK_ARG(2, lst, subs);
548	return e[0].subs(ex_to<lst>(e[1]), ex_to<lst>(e[2]));
549}
550
551static ex f_trace(const exprseq &e)
552{
553	CHECK_ARG(0, matrix, trace);
554	return ex_to<matrix>(e[0]).trace();
555}
556
557static ex f_transpose(const exprseq &e)
558{
559	CHECK_ARG(0, matrix, transpose);
560	return ex_to<matrix>(e[0]).transpose();
561}
562
563static ex f_unassign(const exprseq &e)
564{
565	CHECK_ARG(0, symbol, unassign);
566	exmap::iterator i = assigned_symbol_table.find(e[0]);
567	if (i != assigned_symbol_table.end())
568		assigned_symbol_table.erase(i);
569	return e[0];
570}
571
572static ex f_unit(const exprseq &e)
573{
574	return e[0].unit(e[1]);
575}
576
577static ex f_basic_log_kernel(const exprseq &e)
578{
579	return basic_log_kernel();
580}
581
582static ex f_multiple_polylog_kernel(const exprseq &e)
583{
584	return multiple_polylog_kernel(e[0]);
585}
586
587static ex f_ELi_kernel(const exprseq &e)
588{
589	return ELi_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3]);
590}
591
592static ex f_Ebar_kernel(const exprseq &e)
593{
594	return Ebar_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3]);
595}
596
597static ex f_Kronecker_dtau_kernel_4(const exprseq &e)
598{
599	return Kronecker_dtau_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3]);
600}
601
602static ex f_Kronecker_dtau_kernel_3(const exprseq &e)
603{
604	return Kronecker_dtau_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2]);
605}
606
607static ex f_Kronecker_dtau_kernel_2(const exprseq &e)
608{
609	return Kronecker_dtau_kernel(e[0],e[1]);
610}
611
612static ex f_Kronecker_dz_kernel_5(const exprseq &e)
613{
614	return Kronecker_dz_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3],e[4]);
615}
616
617static ex f_Kronecker_dz_kernel_4(const exprseq &e)
618{
619	return Kronecker_dz_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3]);
620}
621
622static ex f_Kronecker_dz_kernel_3(const exprseq &e)
623{
624	return Kronecker_dz_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2]);
625}
626
627static ex f_Eisenstein_kernel_6(const exprseq &e)
628{
629	return Eisenstein_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3],e[4],e[5]);
630}
631
632static ex f_Eisenstein_kernel_5(const exprseq &e)
633{
634	return Eisenstein_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3],e[4]);
635}
636
637static ex f_Eisenstein_h_kernel_5(const exprseq &e)
638{
639	return Eisenstein_h_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3],e[4]);
640}
641
642static ex f_Eisenstein_h_kernel_4(const exprseq &e)
643{
644	return Eisenstein_h_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2],e[3]);
645}
646
647static ex f_modular_form_kernel_3(const exprseq &e)
648{
649	return modular_form_kernel(e[0],e[1],e[2]);
650}
651
652static ex f_modular_form_kernel_2(const exprseq &e)
653{
654	return modular_form_kernel(e[0],e[1]);
655}
656
657static ex f_user_defined_kernel(const exprseq &e)
658{
659	return user_defined_kernel(e[0],e[1]);
660}
661
662static ex f_q_expansion_modular_form(const exprseq &e)
663{
664	if ( is_a<Eisenstein_kernel>(e[0]) ) {
665		return ex_to<Eisenstein_kernel>(e[0]).q_expansion_modular_form(e[1], ex_to<numeric>(e[2]).to_int());
666	}
667	if ( is_a<Eisenstein_h_kernel>(e[0]) ) {
668		return ex_to<Eisenstein_h_kernel>(e[0]).q_expansion_modular_form(e[1], ex_to<numeric>(e[2]).to_int());
669	}
670	if ( is_a<modular_form_kernel>(e[0]) ) {
671		return ex_to<modular_form_kernel>(e[0]).q_expansion_modular_form(e[1], ex_to<numeric>(e[2]).to_int());
672	}
673	throw(std::invalid_argument("first argument must be a modular form"));
674}
675
676static ex f_dummy(const exprseq &e)
677{
678	throw(std::logic_error("dummy function called (shouldn't happen)"));
679}
680
681// Tables for initializing the "fcns" map and the function help topics
682struct fcn_init {
683	const char *name;
684	fcnp p;
685	int num_params;
686};
687
688static const fcn_init builtin_fcns[] = {
689	{"charpoly", f_charpoly, 2},
690	{"coeff", f_coeff, 3},
691	{"collect", f_collect, 2},
692	{"collect_common_factors", f_collect_common_factors, 1},
693	{"collect_distributed", f_collect_distributed, 2},
694	{"content", f_content, 2},
695	{"convert_H_to_Li", f_convert_H_to_Li, 2},
696	{"decomp_rational", f_decomp_rational, 2},
697	{"degree", f_degree, 2},
698	{"denom", f_denom, 1},
699	{"determinant", f_determinant, 1},
700	{"diag", f_diag, 0},
701	{"diff", f_diff2, 2},
702	{"diff", f_diff3, 3},
703	{"divide", f_divide, 2},
704	{"evalf", f_evalf, 1},
705	{"evalm", f_evalm, 1},
706	{"eval_integ", f_eval_integ, 1},
707	{"expand", f_expand, 1},
708	{"factor", f_factor, 1},
709	{"find", f_find, 2},
710	{"fsolve", f_fsolve, 4},
711	{"gcd", f_gcd, 2},
712	{"has", f_has, 2},
713	{"integer_content", f_integer_content, 1},
714	{"integral", f_integral, 4},
715	{"inverse", f_inverse, 1},
716	{"iprint", f_dummy, 0},      // for Tab-completion
717	{"is", f_is, 1},
718	{"lcm", f_lcm, 2},
719	{"lcoeff", f_lcoeff, 2},
720	{"ldegree", f_ldegree, 2},
721	{"lsolve", f_lsolve, 2},
722	{"map", f_map, 2},
723	{"match", f_match, 2},
724	{"nops", f_nops, 1},
725	{"normal", f_normal, 1},
726	{"numer", f_numer, 1},
727	{"numer_denom", f_numer_denom, 1},
728	{"op", f_op, 2},
729	{"pow", f_pow, 2},
730	{"prem", f_prem, 3},
731	{"primpart", f_primpart, 2},
732	{"print", f_dummy, 0},       // for Tab-completion
733	{"print_csrc", f_dummy, 0},  // for Tab-completion
734	{"print_latex", f_dummy, 0}, // for Tab-completion
735	{"quo", f_quo, 3},
736	{"rank", f_rank, 1},
737	{"rem", f_rem, 3},
738	{"resultant", f_resultant, 3},
739	{"series", f_series, 3},
740	{"sprem", f_sprem, 3},
741	{"sqrfree", f_sqrfree1, 1},
742	{"sqrfree", f_sqrfree2, 2},
743	{"sqrt", f_sqrt, 1},
744	{"subs", f_subs2, 2},
745	{"subs", f_subs3, 3},
746	{"tcoeff", f_tcoeff, 2},
747	{"time", f_dummy, 0},        // for Tab-completion
748	{"trace", f_trace, 1},
749	{"transpose", f_transpose, 1},
750	{"unassign", f_unassign, 1},
751	{"unit", f_unit, 2},
752	{"basic_log_kernel", f_basic_log_kernel, 0},
753	{"multiple_polylog_kernel", f_multiple_polylog_kernel, 1},
754	{"ELi_kernel", f_ELi_kernel, 4},
755	{"Ebar_kernel", f_Ebar_kernel, 4},
756	{"Kronecker_dtau_kernel", f_Kronecker_dtau_kernel_4, 4},
757	{"Kronecker_dtau_kernel", f_Kronecker_dtau_kernel_3, 3},
758	{"Kronecker_dtau_kernel", f_Kronecker_dtau_kernel_2, 2},
759	{"Kronecker_dz_kernel", f_Kronecker_dz_kernel_5, 5},
760	{"Kronecker_dz_kernel", f_Kronecker_dz_kernel_4, 4},
761	{"Kronecker_dz_kernel", f_Kronecker_dz_kernel_3, 3},
762	{"Eisenstein_kernel", f_Eisenstein_kernel_6, 6},
763	{"Eisenstein_kernel", f_Eisenstein_kernel_5, 5},
764	{"Eisenstein_h_kernel", f_Eisenstein_h_kernel_5, 5},
765	{"Eisenstein_h_kernel", f_Eisenstein_h_kernel_4, 4},
766	{"modular_form_kernel", f_modular_form_kernel_3, 3},
767	{"modular_form_kernel", f_modular_form_kernel_2, 2},
768	{"user_defined_kernel", f_user_defined_kernel, 2},
769	{"q_expansion_modular_form", f_q_expansion_modular_form, 3},
770	{nullptr, f_dummy, 0}        // End marker
771};
772
773struct fcn_help_init {
774	const char *name;
775	const char *help;
776};
777
778static const fcn_help_init builtin_help[] = {
779	{"acos", "inverse cosine function"},
780	{"acosh", "inverse hyperbolic cosine function"},
781	{"asin", "inverse sine function"},
782	{"asinh", "inverse hyperbolic sine function"},
783	{"atan", "inverse tangent function"},
784	{"atan2", "inverse tangent function with two arguments"},
785	{"atanh", "inverse hyperbolic tangent function"},
786	{"beta", "Beta function"},
787	{"binomial", "binomial function"},
788	{"cos", "cosine function"},
789	{"cosh", "hyperbolic cosine function"},
790	{"exp", "exponential function"},
791	{"factorial", "factorial function"},
792	{"lgamma", "natural logarithm of Gamma function"},
793	{"tgamma", "Gamma function"},
794	{"log", "natural logarithm"},
795	{"psi", "psi function\npsi(x) is the digamma function, psi(n,x) the nth polygamma function"},
796	{"sin", "sine function"},
797	{"sinh", "hyperbolic sine function"},
798	{"tan", "tangent function"},
799	{"tanh", "hyperbolic tangent function"},
800	{"zeta", "zeta function\nzeta(x) is Riemann's zeta function, zetaderiv(n,x) its nth derivative.\nIf x is a GiNaC::lst, it is a multiple zeta value\nzeta(x,s) is an alternating Euler sum"},
801	{"G", "multiple polylogarithm (integral representation)"},
802	{"Li2", "dilogarithm"},
803	{"Li3", "trilogarithm"},
804	{"Li", "(multiple) polylogarithm"},
805	{"S", "Nielsen's generalized polylogarithm"},
806	{"H", "harmonic polylogarithm"},
807	{"EllipticK", "complete elliptic integral of the first kind"},
808	{"EllipticE", "complete elliptic integral of the second kind"},
809	{"iterated_integral", "iterated integral"},
810	{"Order", "order term function (for truncated power series)"},
811	{"Derivative", "inert differential operator"},
812	{nullptr, nullptr}  // End marker
813};
814
815#include "ginsh_extensions.h"
816
817
818/*
819 *  Add functions to ginsh
820 */
821
822// Functions from fcn_init array
823static void insert_fcns(const fcn_init *p)
824{
825	while (p->name) {
826		fcns.insert(make_pair(string(p->name), fcn_desc(p->p, p->num_params)));
827		p++;
828	}
829}
830
831static ex f_ginac_function(const exprseq &es, int serial)
832{
833	return GiNaC::function(serial, es);
834}
835
836// All registered GiNaC functions
837namespace GiNaC {
838static void ginsh_get_ginac_functions(void)
839{
840	unsigned serial = 0;
841	for (auto & i : function::get_registered_functions()) {
842		fcns.insert(make_pair(i.get_name(), fcn_desc(f_ginac_function, i.get_nparams(), serial)));
843		serial++;
844	}
845}
846}
847
848
849/*
850 *  Find a function given a name and number of parameters. Throw exceptions on error.
851 */
852
853static fcn_tab::const_iterator find_function(const ex &sym, int req_params)
854{
855	const string &name = ex_to<symbol>(sym).get_name();
856	typedef fcn_tab::const_iterator I;
857	pair<I, I> b = fcns.equal_range(name);
858	if (b.first == b.second)
859		throw(std::logic_error("unknown function '" + name + "'"));
860	else {
861		for (I i=b.first; i!=b.second; i++)
862			if ((i->second.num_params == 0) || (i->second.num_params == req_params))
863				return i;
864	}
865	throw(std::logic_error("invalid number of arguments to " + name + "()"));
866}
867
868
869/*
870 *  Insert help strings
871 */
872
873// Normal help string
874static void insert_help(const char *topic, const char *str)
875{
876	help.insert(make_pair(string(topic), string(str)));
877}
878
879// Help string for functions, automatically generates synopsis
880static void insert_fcn_help(const char *name, const char *str)
881{
882	typedef fcn_tab::const_iterator I;
883	pair<I, I> b = fcns.equal_range(name);
884	if (b.first != b.second) {
885		string help_str = string(name) + "(";
886		for (int i=0; i<b.first->second.num_params; i++) {
887			if (i)
888				help_str += ", ";
889			help_str += "expression";
890		}
891		help_str += ") - ";
892		help_str += str;
893		help.insert(make_pair(string(name), help_str));
894	}
895}
896
897// Help strings for functions from fcn_help_init array
898static void insert_help(const fcn_help_init *p)
899{
900	while (p->name) {
901		insert_fcn_help(p->name, p->help);
902		p++;
903	}
904}
905
906
907/*
908 *  Print help to cout
909 */
910
911// Help for a given topic
912static void print_help(const string &topic)
913{
914	typedef help_tab::const_iterator I;
915	pair<I, I> b = help.equal_range(topic);
916	if (b.first == b.second)
917		cout << "no help for '" << topic << "'\n";
918	else {
919		for (I i=b.first; i!=b.second; i++)
920			cout << i->second << endl;
921	}
922}
923
924// List of help topics
925static void print_help_topics(void)
926{
927	cout << "Available help topics:\n";
928	help_tab::const_iterator i;
929	string last_name = string("*");
930	int num = 0;
931	for (i=help.begin(); i!=help.end(); i++) {
932		// Don't print duplicates
933		if (i->first != last_name) {
934			if (num)
935				cout << ", ";
936			num++;
937			cout << i->first;
938			last_name = i->first;
939		}
940	}
941	cout << "\nTo get help for a certain topic, type ?topic\n";
942}
943
944
945/*
946 *  Function name completion functions for readline
947 */
948
949static char *fcn_generator(const char *text, int state)
950{
951	static int len;				// Length of word to complete
952	static fcn_tab::const_iterator index;	// Iterator to function being currently considered
953
954	// If this is a new word to complete, initialize now
955	if (state == 0) {
956		index = fcns.begin();
957		len = strlen(text);
958	}
959
960	// Return the next function which partially matches
961	while (index != fcns.end()) {
962		const char *fcn_name = index->first.c_str();
963		++index;
964		if (strncmp(fcn_name, text, len) == 0)
965			return strdup(fcn_name);
966	}
967	return nullptr;
968}
969
970#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
971static char **fcn_completion(const char *text, int start, int end)
972{
973	if (rl_line_buffer[0] == '!') {
974		// For shell commands, revert back to filename completion
975		rl_completion_append_character = orig_completion_append_character;
976		rl_basic_word_break_characters = orig_basic_word_break_characters;
977		rl_completer_word_break_characters = GINAC_RL_COMPLETER_CAST(rl_basic_word_break_characters);
978		return rl_completion_matches(text, rl_filename_completion_function);
979	} else {
980		// Otherwise, complete function names
981		rl_completion_append_character = '(';
982		rl_basic_word_break_characters = " \t\n\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~";
983		rl_completer_word_break_characters = GINAC_RL_COMPLETER_CAST(rl_basic_word_break_characters);
984		return rl_completion_matches(text, fcn_generator);
985	}
986}
987#endif // HAVE_LIBREADLINE
988
989static void ginsh_readline_init(char* name)
990{
991#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
992	// Init readline completer
993	rl_readline_name = name;
994	rl_attempted_completion_function = fcn_completion;
995	orig_completion_append_character = rl_completion_append_character;
996	orig_basic_word_break_characters = rl_basic_word_break_characters;
997#endif // HAVE_LIBREADLINE
998}
999
1000void greeting(void)
1001{
1002    cout << "ginsh - GiNaC Interactive Shell (GiNaC V" << GINACLIB_VERSION << ")" << endl;
1003    cout << "  __,  _______  Copyright (C) 1999-2022 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz,\n"
1004         << " (__) *       | Germany.  This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.\n"
1005         << "  ._) i N a C | You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.\n"
1006         << "<-------------' For details type `warranty;'.\n" << endl;
1007    cout << "Type ?? for a list of help topics." << endl;
1008}
1009
1010/*
1011 *  Main program
1012 */
1013
1014int main(int argc, char **argv)
1015{
1016	// Print banner in interactive mode
1017	if (isatty(0))
1018		greeting();
1019	assigned_symbol_table = exmap();
1020
1021	// Init function table
1022	insert_fcns(builtin_fcns);
1023	insert_fcns(extended_fcns);
1024	ginsh_get_ginac_functions();
1025
1026	// Init help for operators (automatically generated from man page)
1027	insert_help("operators", "Operators in falling order of precedence:");
1028#include "ginsh_op_help.h"
1029
1030	// Init help for built-in functions (automatically generated from man page)
1031#include "ginsh_fcn_help.h"
1032
1033	// Help for GiNaC functions is added manually
1034	insert_help(builtin_help);
1035	insert_help(extended_help);
1036
1037	// Help for other keywords
1038	insert_help("print", "print(expression) - dumps the internal structure of the given expression (for debugging)");
1039	insert_help("iprint", "iprint(expression) - prints the given integer expression in decimal, octal, and hexadecimal bases");
1040	insert_help("print_latex", "print_latex(expression) - prints a LaTeX representation of the given expression");
1041	insert_help("print_csrc", "print_csrc(expression) - prints a C source code representation of the given expression");
1042
1043	ginsh_readline_init(argv[0]);
1044
1045	// Init input file list, open first file
1046	num_files = argc - 1;
1047	file_list = argv + 1;
1048	if (num_files) {
1049		yyin = fopen(*file_list, "r");
1050		if (yyin == nullptr) {
1051			cerr << "Can't open " << *file_list << endl;
1052			exit(1);
1053		}
1054		num_files--;
1055		file_list++;
1056	}
1057
1058	// Parse input, catch all remaining exceptions
1059	int result;
1060again:	try {
1061		result = yyparse();
1062	} catch (exception &e) {
1063		cerr << e.what() << endl;
1064		goto again;
1065	}
1066	return result;
1067}
1068