1Copyright holders: 2 32015--2016 Marco Agnese 42008--2010 Peter Bastian 52015 Timo Betcke 62009--2014 Markus Blatt 72016 Lukas Böger 82014 Andreas Buhr 92014--2017 Ansgar Burchardt 102009--2021 Andreas Dedner 112020 Nils-Arne Dreier 122010 Martin Drohmann 132008--2020 Christian Engwer 142008--2020 Jorrit Fahlke 152011--2013 Bernd Flemisch 162015 Elisa Friebel 172012 Christoph Gersbacher 182019 Janick Gerstenberger 192009--2021 Carsten Gräser 202015--2018 Felix Gruber 212011--2021 Christoph Grüninger 222020 René Heß 232017 Patrick Jaap 242013 Guillaume Jouvet 252015--2020 Dominic Kempf 262015 Angela Klewinghaus 272020 Robert Klöfkorn 282014 Arne Morten Kvarving 292015 Jizhou Li 302013--2017 Tobias Malkmus 312009 Sven Marnach 322013--2018 Steffen Müthing 332020 Lisa Julia Nebel 342012 Rebecca Neumann 352008--2018 Martin Nolte 362011--2016 Elias Pipping 372016--2021 Simon Praetorius 382012--2013 Human Rezaijafari 392011--2012 Uli Sack 402008--2021 Oliver Sander 412020--2021 Henrik Stolzmann 422011--2012 Matthias Wohlmuth 432010--2015 Jonathan Youett 44 45The DUNE library and headers are licensed under version 2 of the GNU 46General Public License (see below), with a special exception for 47linking and compiling against DUNE, the so-called "runtime exception." 48The license is intended to be similar to the GNU Lesser General 49Public License, which by itself isn't suitable for a template library. 50 51The exact wording of the exception reads as follows: 52 53 As a special exception, you may use the DUNE source files as part 54 of a software library or application without restriction. 55 Specifically, if other files instantiate templates or use macros or 56 inline functions from one or more of the DUNE source files, or you 57 compile one or more of the DUNE source files and link them with 58 other files to produce an executable, this does not by itself cause 59 the resulting executable to be covered by the GNU General Public 60 License. This exception does not however invalidate any other 61 reasons why the executable file might be covered by the GNU General 62 Public License. 63 64 65 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 66 Version 2, June 1991 67 68 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 69 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA 70 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies 71 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. 72 73 Preamble 74 75 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your 76freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public 77License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free 78software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This 79General Public License applies to most of the Free Software 80Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to 81using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by 82the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to 83your programs, too. 84 85 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not 86price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you 87have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for 88this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it 89if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it 90in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. 91 92 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid 93anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. 94These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you 95distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. 96 97 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 98gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that 99you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the 100source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their 101rights. 102 103 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and 104(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, 105distribute and/or modify the software. 106 107 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain 108that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free 109software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we 110want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so 111that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original 112authors' reputations. 113 114 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software 115patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free 116program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the 117program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any 118patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. 119 120 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and 121modification follow. 122 123 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 124 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 125 126 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains 127a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed 128under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, 129refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" 130means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: 131that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, 132either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another 133language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in 134the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". 135 136Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not 137covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of 138running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program 139is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the 140Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). 141Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 142 143 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's 144source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you 145conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate 146copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the 147notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; 148and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License 149along with the Program. 150 151You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and 152you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 153 154 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion 155of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and 156distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 157above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 158 159 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices 160 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. 161 162 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in 163 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any 164 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third 165 parties under the terms of this License. 166 167 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively 168 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such 169 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an 170 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a 171 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide 172 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under 173 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this 174 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but 175 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on 176 the Program is not required to print an announcement.) 177 178These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If 179identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, 180and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in 181themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those 182sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you 183distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based 184on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of 185this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the 186entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. 187 188Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest 189your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to 190exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or 191collective works based on the Program. 192 193In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program 194with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of 195a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under 196the scope of this License. 197 198 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, 199under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of 200Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: 201 202 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable 203 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 204 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, 205 206 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three 207 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your 208 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete 209 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be 210 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium 211 customarily used for software interchange; or, 212 213 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer 214 to distribute corresponding source code. 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Any attempt 238otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is 239void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. 240However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under 241this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such 242parties remain in full compliance. 243 244 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not 245signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or 246distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are 247prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by 248modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the 249Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and 250all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying 251the Program or works based on it. 252 253 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the 254Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the 255original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to 256these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further 257restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. 258You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to 259this License. 260 261 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent 262infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), 263conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or 264otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not 265excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot 266distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this 267License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you 268may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent 269license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by 270all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then 271the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to 272refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. 273 274If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under 275any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to 276apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other 277circumstances. 278 279It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any 280patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any 281such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the 282integrity of the free software distribution system, which is 283implemented by public license practices. Many people have made 284generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed 285through that system in reliance on consistent application of that 286system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing 287to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot 288impose that choice. 289 290This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to 291be a consequence of the rest of this License. 292 293 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in 294certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the 295original copyright holder who places the Program under this License 296may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding 297those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among 298countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates 299the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 300 301 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions 302of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will 303be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to 304address new problems or concerns. 305 306Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program 307specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any 308later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions 309either of that version or of any later version published by the Free 310Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of 311this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software 312Foundation. 313 314 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free 315programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author 316to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free 317Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes 318make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals 319of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and 320of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. 321 322 NO WARRANTY 323 324 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY 325FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN 326OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES 327PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED 328OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 329MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS 330TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE 331PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, 332REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 333 334 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING 335WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR 336REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, 337INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING 338OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED 339TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY 340YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER 341PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE 342POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 343 344 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 345 346 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs 347 348 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest 349possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it 350free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. 351 352 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest 353to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively 354convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least 355the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found. 356 357 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.> 358 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> 359 360 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 361 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 362 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 363 (at your option) any later version. 364 365 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 366 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 367 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 368 GNU General Public License for more details. 369 370 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 371 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 372 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA 373 374 375Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. 376 377If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this 378when it starts in an interactive mode: 379 380 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author 381 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. 382 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it 383 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details. 384 385The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate 386parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may 387be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be 388mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program. 389 390You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your 391school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if 392necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: 393 394 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program 395 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker. 396 397 <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 398 Ty Coon, President of Vice 399 400This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into 401proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may 402consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the 403library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General 404Public License instead of this License. 405