1 /*=============================================================================
2     Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Fultz II
3     fix.h
4     Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
5     file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
6 ==============================================================================*/
7 
8 #ifndef BOOST_HOF_GUARD_FUNCTION_FIX_H
9 #define BOOST_HOF_GUARD_FUNCTION_FIX_H
10 
11 /// fix
12 /// ===
13 ///
14 /// Description
15 /// -----------
16 ///
17 /// The `fix` function adaptor implements a fixed-point combinator. This can be
18 /// used to write recursive functions.
19 ///
20 /// When using `constexpr`, a function can recurse to a depth that is defined by
21 /// `BOOST_HOF_RECURSIVE_CONSTEXPR_DEPTH`(default is 16). There is no limitiation on
22 /// recursion depth for non-constexpr functions. In addition, due to the
23 /// eagerness of `constexpr` to instantiation templates, in some cases, an
24 /// explicit return type must be specified in order to avoid reaching the
25 /// recursion limits of the compiler. This can be accomplished using
26 /// [`boost::hof::result`](/include/boost/hof/result):
27 ///
28 ///     int r = boost::hof::result<int>(factorial)(5);
29 ///
30 /// Synopsis
31 /// --------
32 ///
33 ///     template<class F>
34 ///     constexpr fix_adaptor<F> fix(F f);
35 ///
36 /// Semantics
37 /// ---------
38 ///
39 ///     assert(fix(f)(xs...) == f(fix(f), xs...));
40 ///
41 /// Requirements
42 /// ------------
43 ///
44 /// F must be:
45 ///
46 /// * [ConstFunctionObject](ConstFunctionObject)
47 /// * MoveConstructible
48 ///
49 /// Example
50 /// -------
51 ///
52 ///     #include <boost/hof.hpp>
53 ///     #include <cassert>
54 ///
55 ///     int main() {
56 ///         auto factorial = boost::hof::fix(
57 ///             [](auto recurse, auto x) -> decltype(x) {
58 ///                 return x == 0 ? 1 : x * recurse(x-1);
59 ///             }
60 ///         );
61 ///         int r = boost::hof::result<int>(factorial)(5);
62 ///         assert(r == 5*4*3*2*1);
63 ///     }
64 ///
65 /// References
66 /// ----------
67 ///
68 /// * [Fixed-point combinator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_combinator)
69 /// * [Recursive](Recursive)
70 ///
71 
72 #include <boost/hof/always.hpp>
73 #include <boost/hof/detail/callable_base.hpp>
74 #include <boost/hof/reveal.hpp>
75 #include <boost/hof/detail/delegate.hpp>
76 #include <boost/hof/detail/move.hpp>
77 #include <boost/hof/detail/make.hpp>
78 #include <boost/hof/detail/static_const_var.hpp>
79 #include <boost/hof/indirect.hpp>
80 #include <boost/hof/result.hpp>
81 #include <boost/hof/detail/recursive_constexpr_depth.hpp>
82 
83 
84 namespace boost { namespace hof {
85 
86 namespace detail{
87 
88 template<class F>
89 struct compute_indirect_ref
90 { typedef indirect_adaptor<const F*> type; };
91 
92 template<class F>
93 struct compute_indirect_ref<indirect_adaptor<F*>>
94 { typedef indirect_adaptor<F*> type; };
95 
96 template<class F>
make_indirect_ref(const F & f)97 constexpr indirect_adaptor<const F*> make_indirect_ref(const F& f) noexcept
98 {
99     return indirect_adaptor<const F*>(&f);
100 }
101 
102 template<class F>
make_indirect_ref(const indirect_adaptor<F * > & f)103 constexpr indirect_adaptor<const F*> make_indirect_ref(const indirect_adaptor<F*>& f) noexcept
104 {
105     return f;
106 }
107 
108 template<class F, class=void>
109 struct fix_result
110 {
111     template<class... Ts>
112     struct apply
113     {
114         typedef decltype(std::declval<F>()(std::declval<Ts>()...)) type;
115     };
116 };
117 
118 template<class F>
119 struct fix_result<F, typename holder<
120     typename F::result_type
121 >::type>
122 {
123     template<class...>
124     struct apply
125     {
126         typedef typename F::result_type type;
127     };
128 
129 };
130 
131 template<class F, class Result, int N>
132 struct fix_adaptor_base : F
133 {
134     BOOST_HOF_INHERIT_CONSTRUCTOR(fix_adaptor_base, F);
135 
136     typedef typename compute_indirect_ref<F>::type base_ref_type;
137     typedef fix_adaptor_base<base_ref_type, Result, N-1> derived;
138 
139 
140     template<class... Ts>
base_functionboost::hof::detail::fix_adaptor_base141     constexpr const F& base_function(Ts&&... xs) const noexcept
142     {
143         return boost::hof::always_ref(*this)(xs...);
144     }
145 
146     template<class... Ts>
derived_functionboost::hof::detail::fix_adaptor_base147     constexpr derived derived_function(Ts&&... xs) const noexcept
148     {
149         return derived(boost::hof::detail::make_indirect_ref(this->base_function(xs...)));
150     }
151 
152     struct fix_failure
153     {
154         template<class Failure>
155         struct apply
156         {
157             template<class... Ts>
158             struct of
159             : Failure::template of<derived, Ts...>
160             {};
161         };
162     };
163 
164     struct failure
165     : failure_map<fix_failure, F>
166     {};
167 
168 
169     BOOST_HOF_RETURNS_CLASS(fix_adaptor_base);
170 
171     template<class... Ts>
172     constexpr BOOST_HOF_SFINAE_RESULT(const F&, id_<derived>, id_<Ts>...)
173     operator()(Ts&&... xs) const BOOST_HOF_SFINAE_RETURNS
174     (
175         BOOST_HOF_MANGLE_CAST(const F&)(BOOST_HOF_CONST_THIS->base_function(xs...))
176             (
177                 BOOST_HOF_MANGLE_CAST(derived)(BOOST_HOF_CONST_THIS->derived_function(xs...)),
178                 BOOST_HOF_FORWARD(Ts)(xs)...
179             )
180     );
181 };
182 
183 template<class F, class Result>
184 struct fix_adaptor_base<F, Result, 0> : F
185 {
186     BOOST_HOF_INHERIT_CONSTRUCTOR(fix_adaptor_base, F);
187 
188     template<class... Ts>
base_functionboost::hof::detail::fix_adaptor_base189     const F& base_function(Ts&&...) const noexcept
190     {
191         return *this;
192     }
193 
194     struct fix_failure
195     {
196         template<class Failure>
197         struct apply
198         {
199             template<class... Ts>
200             struct of
201             : Failure::template of<fix_adaptor_base, Ts...>
202             {};
203         };
204     };
205 
206     struct failure
207     : failure_map<fix_failure, F>
208     {};
209 
210 
211     BOOST_HOF_RETURNS_CLASS(fix_adaptor_base);
212 
213     template<class... Ts>
214     typename Result::template apply<fix_adaptor_base, Ts...>::type
operator ()boost::hof::detail::fix_adaptor_base215     operator()(Ts&&... xs) const
216     {
217         return this->base_function(xs...)(*this, BOOST_HOF_FORWARD(Ts)(xs)...);
218     }
219 };
220 }
221 
222 template<class F>
223 struct fix_adaptor : detail::fix_adaptor_base<F, detail::fix_result<F>, BOOST_HOF_RECURSIVE_CONSTEXPR_DEPTH>
224 {
225     typedef fix_adaptor fit_rewritable1_tag;
226     typedef detail::fix_adaptor_base<F, detail::fix_result<F>, BOOST_HOF_RECURSIVE_CONSTEXPR_DEPTH> base;
227     BOOST_HOF_INHERIT_CONSTRUCTOR(fix_adaptor, base);
228 };
229 
230 template<class Result, class F>
231 struct result_adaptor<Result, fix_adaptor<F>>
232 : fix_adaptor<result_adaptor<Result, F>>
233 {
234     typedef fix_adaptor<result_adaptor<Result, F>> base;
235     BOOST_HOF_INHERIT_CONSTRUCTOR(result_adaptor, base)
236 };
237 
238 BOOST_HOF_DECLARE_STATIC_VAR(fix, detail::make<fix_adaptor>);
239 
240 }} // namespace boost::hof
241 
242 #endif
243