1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2<page xmlns="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" xmlns:its="http://www.w3.org/2005/11/its" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" type="guide" style="task" id="scale.py" xml:lang="de">
3  <info>
4    <title type="text">Scale (Python)</title>
5    <link type="guide" xref="beginner.py#entry"/>
6    <link type="seealso" xref="grid.py"/>
7    <link type="next" xref="textview.py"/>
8    <revision version="0.2" date="2012-06-23" status="draft"/>
9
10    <credit type="author copyright">
11      <name>Marta Maria Casetti</name>
12      <email its:translate="no">mmcasetti@gmail.com</email>
13      <years>2012</years>
14    </credit>
15
16    <desc>A slider widget for selecting a value from a range</desc>
17
18    <mal:credit xmlns:mal="http://projectmallard.org/1.0/" type="translator copyright">
19      <mal:name>Mario Blättermann</mal:name>
20      <mal:email>mario.blaettermann@gmail.com</mal:email>
21      <mal:years>2011, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2021</mal:years>
22    </mal:credit>
23  </info>
24
25  <title>Scale</title>
26  <media type="image" mime="image/png" src="media/scale.png"/>
27  <p>Slide the scales!</p>
28
29  <links type="section"/>
30
31  <section id="code">
32    <title>Code, der zum Generieren dieses Beispiels verwendet wurde</title>
33    <code mime="text/x-python" style="numbered">from gi.repository import Gtk
34import sys
35
36
37class MyWindow(Gtk.ApplicationWindow):
38
39    def __init__(self, app):
40        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Scale Example", application=app)
41        self.set_default_size(400, 300)
42        self.set_border_width(5)
43
44        # two adjustments (initial value, min value, max value,
45        # step increment - press cursor keys to see!,
46        # page increment - click around the handle to see!,
47        # page size - not used here)
48        ad1 = Gtk.Adjustment(0, 0, 100, 5, 10, 0)
49        ad2 = Gtk.Adjustment(50, 0, 100, 5, 10, 0)
50
51        # an horizontal scale
52        self.h_scale = Gtk.Scale(
53            orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, adjustment=ad1)
54        # of integers (no digits)
55        self.h_scale.set_digits(0)
56        # that can expand horizontally if there is space in the grid (see
57        # below)
58        self.h_scale.set_hexpand(True)
59        # that is aligned at the top of the space allowed in the grid (see
60        # below)
61        self.h_scale.set_valign(Gtk.Align.START)
62
63        # we connect the signal "value-changed" emitted by the scale with the callback
64        # function scale_moved
65        self.h_scale.connect("value-changed", self.scale_moved)
66
67        # a vertical scale
68        self.v_scale = Gtk.Scale(
69            orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, adjustment=ad2)
70        # that can expand vertically if there is space in the grid (see below)
71        self.v_scale.set_vexpand(True)
72
73        # we connect the signal "value-changed" emitted by the scale with the callback
74        # function scale_moved
75        self.v_scale.connect("value-changed", self.scale_moved)
76
77        # a label
78        self.label = Gtk.Label()
79        self.label.set_text("Move the scale handles...")
80
81        # a grid to attach the widgets
82        grid = Gtk.Grid()
83        grid.set_column_spacing(10)
84        grid.set_column_homogeneous(True)
85        grid.attach(self.h_scale, 0, 0, 1, 1)
86        grid.attach_next_to(
87            self.v_scale, self.h_scale, Gtk.PositionType.RIGHT, 1, 1)
88        grid.attach(self.label, 0, 1, 2, 1)
89
90        self.add(grid)
91
92    # any signal from the scales is signaled to the label the text of which is
93    # changed
94    def scale_moved(self, event):
95        self.label.set_text("Horizontal scale is " + str(int(self.h_scale.get_value())) +
96                            "; vertical scale is " + str(self.v_scale.get_value()) + ".")
97
98
99class MyApplication(Gtk.Application):
100
101    def __init__(self):
102        Gtk.Application.__init__(self)
103
104    def do_activate(self):
105        win = MyWindow(self)
106        win.show_all()
107
108    def do_startup(self):
109        Gtk.Application.do_startup(self)
110
111app = MyApplication()
112exit_status = app.run(sys.argv)
113sys.exit(exit_status)
114</code>
115  </section>
116
117  <section id="methods">
118    <title>Nützliche Methoden für ein Scale-Widget</title>
119    <p>A Gtk.Adjustment is needed to construct the Gtk.Scale. This is the representation of a value with a lower and upper bound, together with step and page increments, and a page size, and it is constructed as <code>Gtk.Adjustment(value, lower, upper, step_increment, page_increment, page_size)</code> where the fields are of type <code>float</code>; <code>step_increment</code> is the increment/decrement that is obtained by using the cursor keys, <code>page_increment</code> the one that is obtained clicking on the scale itself. Note that <code>page_size</code> is not used in this case, it should be set to <code>0</code>.</p>
120    <p>In line 28 the signal <code>"value-changed"</code> is connected to the callback function <code>scale_moved()</code> using <code><var>widget</var>.connect(<var>signal</var>, <var>callback function</var>)</code>. See <link xref="signals-callbacks.py"/> for a more detailed explanation.</p>
121    <list>
122      <item><p><code>get_value()</code> retrieves the current value of the scale; <code>set_value(value)</code> sets it (if the <code>value</code>, of type <code>float</code>, is outside the minimum or maximum range, it will be clamped to fit inside them). These are methods of the class Gtk.Range.</p></item>
123      <item><p>Use <code>set_draw_value(False)</code> to avoid displaying the current value as a string next to the slider.</p></item>
124      <item><p>To highlight the part of the scale between the origin and the current value:</p>
125        <code mime="text/x-python">
126self.h_scale.set_restrict_to_fill_level(False)
127self.h_scale.set_fill_level(self.h_scale.get_value())
128self.h_scale.set_show_fill_level(True)</code>
129        <p>in the callback function of the "value-changed" signal, so to have the new filling every time the value is changed. These are methods of the class Gtk.Range.</p>
130      </item>
131      <item><p><code>add_mark(value, position, markup)</code> adds a mark at the <code>value</code> (<code>float</code> or <code>int</code> if that is the precision of the scale), in <code>position</code> (<code>Gtk.PositionType.LEFT, Gtk.PositionType.RIGHT, Gtk.PositionType.TOP, Gtk.PositionType.BOTTOM</code>) with text <code>Null</code> or <code>markup</code> in the Pango Markup Language. To clear marks, <code>clear_marks()</code>.</p></item>
132      <item><p><code>set_digits(digits)</code> sets the precision of the scale at <code>digits</code> digits.</p></item>
133    </list>
134  </section>
135
136  <section id="references">
137    <title>API-Referenzen</title>
138    <p>In diesem Beispiel haben wir Folgendes verwendet:</p>
139    <list>
140      <item><p><link href="http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/unstable/GtkScale.html">GtkScale</link></p></item>
141      <item><p><link href="http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/unstable/GtkAdjustment.html">GtkAdjustment</link></p></item>
142      <item><p><link href="http://developer.gnome.org/gtk3/unstable/gtk3-Standard-Enumerations.html">Standard-Aufzählungen</link></p></item>
143    </list>
144  </section>
145</page>
146