1 /* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2013 ResiliNets, ITTC, University of Kansas
4  *
5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
7  * published by the Free Software Foundation;
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
17  *
18  * Authors: Justin P. Rohrer, Truc Anh N. Nguyen <annguyen@ittc.ku.edu>, Siddharth Gangadhar <siddharth@ittc.ku.edu>
19  *
20  * James P.G. Sterbenz <jpgs@ittc.ku.edu>, director
21  * ResiliNets Research Group  http://wiki.ittc.ku.edu/resilinets
22  * Information and Telecommunication Technology Center (ITTC)
23  * and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
24  * The University of Kansas Lawrence, KS USA.
25  *
26  * Work supported in part by NSF FIND (Future Internet Design) Program
27  * under grant CNS-0626918 (Postmodern Internet Architecture),
28  * NSF grant CNS-1050226 (Multilayer Network Resilience Analysis and Experimentation on GENI),
29  * US Department of Defense (DoD), and ITTC at The University of Kansas.
30  *
31  * “TCP Westwood(+) Protocol Implementation in ns-3”
32  * Siddharth Gangadhar, Trúc Anh Ngọc Nguyễn , Greeshma Umapathi, and James P.G. Sterbenz,
33  * ICST SIMUTools Workshop on ns-3 (WNS3), Cannes, France, March 2013
34  */
35 
36 #include <iostream>
37 #include <fstream>
38 #include <string>
39 
40 #include "ns3/core-module.h"
41 #include "ns3/network-module.h"
42 #include "ns3/internet-module.h"
43 #include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"
44 #include "ns3/applications-module.h"
45 #include "ns3/error-model.h"
46 #include "ns3/tcp-header.h"
47 #include "ns3/udp-header.h"
48 #include "ns3/enum.h"
49 #include "ns3/event-id.h"
50 #include "ns3/flow-monitor-helper.h"
51 #include "ns3/ipv4-global-routing-helper.h"
52 #include "ns3/traffic-control-module.h"
53 
54 using namespace ns3;
55 
56 NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("TcpVariantsComparison");
57 
58 static bool firstCwnd = true;
59 static bool firstSshThr = true;
60 static bool firstRtt = true;
61 static bool firstRto = true;
62 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> cWndStream;
63 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> ssThreshStream;
64 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> rttStream;
65 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> rtoStream;
66 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> nextTxStream;
67 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> nextRxStream;
68 static Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> inFlightStream;
69 static uint32_t cWndValue;
70 static uint32_t ssThreshValue;
71 
72 
73 static void
CwndTracer(uint32_t oldval,uint32_t newval)74 CwndTracer (uint32_t oldval, uint32_t newval)
75 {
76   if (firstCwnd)
77     {
78       *cWndStream->GetStream () << "0.0 " << oldval << std::endl;
79       firstCwnd = false;
80     }
81   *cWndStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << newval << std::endl;
82   cWndValue = newval;
83 
84   if (!firstSshThr)
85     {
86       *ssThreshStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << ssThreshValue << std::endl;
87     }
88 }
89 
90 static void
SsThreshTracer(uint32_t oldval,uint32_t newval)91 SsThreshTracer (uint32_t oldval, uint32_t newval)
92 {
93   if (firstSshThr)
94     {
95       *ssThreshStream->GetStream () << "0.0 " << oldval << std::endl;
96       firstSshThr = false;
97     }
98   *ssThreshStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << newval << std::endl;
99   ssThreshValue = newval;
100 
101   if (!firstCwnd)
102     {
103       *cWndStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << cWndValue << std::endl;
104     }
105 }
106 
107 static void
RttTracer(Time oldval,Time newval)108 RttTracer (Time oldval, Time newval)
109 {
110   if (firstRtt)
111     {
112       *rttStream->GetStream () << "0.0 " << oldval.GetSeconds () << std::endl;
113       firstRtt = false;
114     }
115   *rttStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << newval.GetSeconds () << std::endl;
116 }
117 
118 static void
RtoTracer(Time oldval,Time newval)119 RtoTracer (Time oldval, Time newval)
120 {
121   if (firstRto)
122     {
123       *rtoStream->GetStream () << "0.0 " << oldval.GetSeconds () << std::endl;
124       firstRto = false;
125     }
126   *rtoStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << newval.GetSeconds () << std::endl;
127 }
128 
129 static void
NextTxTracer(SequenceNumber32 old,SequenceNumber32 nextTx)130 NextTxTracer (SequenceNumber32 old, SequenceNumber32 nextTx)
131 {
132   NS_UNUSED (old);
133   *nextTxStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << nextTx << std::endl;
134 }
135 
136 static void
InFlightTracer(uint32_t old,uint32_t inFlight)137 InFlightTracer (uint32_t old, uint32_t inFlight)
138 {
139   NS_UNUSED (old);
140   *inFlightStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << inFlight << std::endl;
141 }
142 
143 static void
NextRxTracer(SequenceNumber32 old,SequenceNumber32 nextRx)144 NextRxTracer (SequenceNumber32 old, SequenceNumber32 nextRx)
145 {
146   NS_UNUSED (old);
147   *nextRxStream->GetStream () << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " " << nextRx << std::endl;
148 }
149 
150 static void
TraceCwnd(std::string cwnd_tr_file_name)151 TraceCwnd (std::string cwnd_tr_file_name)
152 {
153   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
154   cWndStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (cwnd_tr_file_name.c_str ());
155   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/1/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/0/CongestionWindow", MakeCallback (&CwndTracer));
156 }
157 
158 static void
TraceSsThresh(std::string ssthresh_tr_file_name)159 TraceSsThresh (std::string ssthresh_tr_file_name)
160 {
161   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
162   ssThreshStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (ssthresh_tr_file_name.c_str ());
163   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/1/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/0/SlowStartThreshold", MakeCallback (&SsThreshTracer));
164 }
165 
166 static void
TraceRtt(std::string rtt_tr_file_name)167 TraceRtt (std::string rtt_tr_file_name)
168 {
169   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
170   rttStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (rtt_tr_file_name.c_str ());
171   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/1/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/0/RTT", MakeCallback (&RttTracer));
172 }
173 
174 static void
TraceRto(std::string rto_tr_file_name)175 TraceRto (std::string rto_tr_file_name)
176 {
177   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
178   rtoStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (rto_tr_file_name.c_str ());
179   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/1/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/0/RTO", MakeCallback (&RtoTracer));
180 }
181 
182 static void
TraceNextTx(std::string & next_tx_seq_file_name)183 TraceNextTx (std::string &next_tx_seq_file_name)
184 {
185   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
186   nextTxStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (next_tx_seq_file_name.c_str ());
187   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/1/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/0/NextTxSequence", MakeCallback (&NextTxTracer));
188 }
189 
190 static void
TraceInFlight(std::string & in_flight_file_name)191 TraceInFlight (std::string &in_flight_file_name)
192 {
193   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
194   inFlightStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (in_flight_file_name.c_str ());
195   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/1/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/0/BytesInFlight", MakeCallback (&InFlightTracer));
196 }
197 
198 
199 static void
TraceNextRx(std::string & next_rx_seq_file_name)200 TraceNextRx (std::string &next_rx_seq_file_name)
201 {
202   AsciiTraceHelper ascii;
203   nextRxStream = ascii.CreateFileStream (next_rx_seq_file_name.c_str ());
204   Config::ConnectWithoutContext ("/NodeList/2/$ns3::TcpL4Protocol/SocketList/1/RxBuffer/NextRxSequence", MakeCallback (&NextRxTracer));
205 }
206 
main(int argc,char * argv[])207 int main (int argc, char *argv[])
208 {
209   std::string transport_prot = "TcpWestwood";
210   double error_p = 0.0;
211   std::string bandwidth = "2Mbps";
212   std::string delay = "0.01ms";
213   std::string access_bandwidth = "10Mbps";
214   std::string access_delay = "45ms";
215   bool tracing = false;
216   std::string prefix_file_name = "TcpVariantsComparison";
217   uint64_t data_mbytes = 0;
218   uint32_t mtu_bytes = 400;
219   uint16_t num_flows = 1;
220   double duration = 100.0;
221   uint32_t run = 0;
222   bool flow_monitor = false;
223   bool pcap = false;
224   bool sack = true;
225   std::string queue_disc_type = "ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc";
226   std::string recovery = "ns3::TcpClassicRecovery";
227 
228 
229   CommandLine cmd (__FILE__);
230   cmd.AddValue ("transport_prot", "Transport protocol to use: TcpNewReno, TcpLinuxReno, "
231                 "TcpHybla, TcpHighSpeed, TcpHtcp, TcpVegas, TcpScalable, TcpVeno, "
232                 "TcpBic, TcpYeah, TcpIllinois, TcpWestwood, TcpWestwoodPlus, TcpLedbat, "
233 		"TcpLp, TcpDctcp, TcpCubic, TcpBbr", transport_prot);
234   cmd.AddValue ("error_p", "Packet error rate", error_p);
235   cmd.AddValue ("bandwidth", "Bottleneck bandwidth", bandwidth);
236   cmd.AddValue ("delay", "Bottleneck delay", delay);
237   cmd.AddValue ("access_bandwidth", "Access link bandwidth", access_bandwidth);
238   cmd.AddValue ("access_delay", "Access link delay", access_delay);
239   cmd.AddValue ("tracing", "Flag to enable/disable tracing", tracing);
240   cmd.AddValue ("prefix_name", "Prefix of output trace file", prefix_file_name);
241   cmd.AddValue ("data", "Number of Megabytes of data to transmit", data_mbytes);
242   cmd.AddValue ("mtu", "Size of IP packets to send in bytes", mtu_bytes);
243   cmd.AddValue ("num_flows", "Number of flows", num_flows);
244   cmd.AddValue ("duration", "Time to allow flows to run in seconds", duration);
245   cmd.AddValue ("run", "Run index (for setting repeatable seeds)", run);
246   cmd.AddValue ("flow_monitor", "Enable flow monitor", flow_monitor);
247   cmd.AddValue ("pcap_tracing", "Enable or disable PCAP tracing", pcap);
248   cmd.AddValue ("queue_disc_type", "Queue disc type for gateway (e.g. ns3::CoDelQueueDisc)", queue_disc_type);
249   cmd.AddValue ("sack", "Enable or disable SACK option", sack);
250   cmd.AddValue ("recovery", "Recovery algorithm type to use (e.g., ns3::TcpPrrRecovery", recovery);
251   cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
252 
253   transport_prot = std::string ("ns3::") + transport_prot;
254 
255   SeedManager::SetSeed (1);
256   SeedManager::SetRun (run);
257 
258   // User may find it convenient to enable logging
259   //LogComponentEnable("TcpVariantsComparison", LOG_LEVEL_ALL);
260   //LogComponentEnable("BulkSendApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);
261   //LogComponentEnable("PfifoFastQueueDisc", LOG_LEVEL_ALL);
262 
263   // Calculate the ADU size
264   Header* temp_header = new Ipv4Header ();
265   uint32_t ip_header = temp_header->GetSerializedSize ();
266   NS_LOG_LOGIC ("IP Header size is: " << ip_header);
267   delete temp_header;
268   temp_header = new TcpHeader ();
269   uint32_t tcp_header = temp_header->GetSerializedSize ();
270   NS_LOG_LOGIC ("TCP Header size is: " << tcp_header);
271   delete temp_header;
272   uint32_t tcp_adu_size = mtu_bytes - 20 - (ip_header + tcp_header);
273   NS_LOG_LOGIC ("TCP ADU size is: " << tcp_adu_size);
274 
275   // Set the simulation start and stop time
276   double start_time = 0.1;
277   double stop_time = start_time + duration;
278 
279   // 2 MB of TCP buffer
280   Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpSocket::RcvBufSize", UintegerValue (1 << 21));
281   Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpSocket::SndBufSize", UintegerValue (1 << 21));
282   Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpSocketBase::Sack", BooleanValue (sack));
283 
284   Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpL4Protocol::RecoveryType",
285                       TypeIdValue (TypeId::LookupByName (recovery)));
286   // Select TCP variant
287   if (transport_prot.compare ("ns3::TcpWestwoodPlus") == 0)
288     {
289       // TcpWestwoodPlus is not an actual TypeId name; we need TcpWestwood here
290       Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType", TypeIdValue (TcpWestwood::GetTypeId ()));
291       // the default protocol type in ns3::TcpWestwood is WESTWOOD
292       Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpWestwood::ProtocolType", EnumValue (TcpWestwood::WESTWOODPLUS));
293     }
294   else
295     {
296       TypeId tcpTid;
297       NS_ABORT_MSG_UNLESS (TypeId::LookupByNameFailSafe (transport_prot, &tcpTid), "TypeId " << transport_prot << " not found");
298       Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpL4Protocol::SocketType", TypeIdValue (TypeId::LookupByName (transport_prot)));
299     }
300 
301   // Create gateways, sources, and sinks
302   NodeContainer gateways;
303   gateways.Create (1);
304   NodeContainer sources;
305   sources.Create (num_flows);
306   NodeContainer sinks;
307   sinks.Create (num_flows);
308 
309   // Configure the error model
310   // Here we use RateErrorModel with packet error rate
311   Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> uv = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable> ();
312   uv->SetStream (50);
313   RateErrorModel error_model;
314   error_model.SetRandomVariable (uv);
315   error_model.SetUnit (RateErrorModel::ERROR_UNIT_PACKET);
316   error_model.SetRate (error_p);
317 
318   PointToPointHelper UnReLink;
319   UnReLink.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue (bandwidth));
320   UnReLink.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue (delay));
321   UnReLink.SetDeviceAttribute ("ReceiveErrorModel", PointerValue (&error_model));
322 
323 
324   InternetStackHelper stack;
325   stack.InstallAll ();
326 
327   TrafficControlHelper tchPfifo;
328   tchPfifo.SetRootQueueDisc ("ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc");
329 
330   TrafficControlHelper tchCoDel;
331   tchCoDel.SetRootQueueDisc ("ns3::CoDelQueueDisc");
332 
333   Ipv4AddressHelper address;
334   address.SetBase ("10.0.0.0", "255.255.255.0");
335 
336   // Configure the sources and sinks net devices
337   // and the channels between the sources/sinks and the gateways
338   PointToPointHelper LocalLink;
339   LocalLink.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue (access_bandwidth));
340   LocalLink.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue (access_delay));
341 
342   Ipv4InterfaceContainer sink_interfaces;
343 
344   DataRate access_b (access_bandwidth);
345   DataRate bottle_b (bandwidth);
346   Time access_d (access_delay);
347   Time bottle_d (delay);
348 
349   uint32_t size = static_cast<uint32_t>((std::min (access_b, bottle_b).GetBitRate () / 8) *
350     ((access_d + bottle_d) * 2).GetSeconds ());
351 
352   Config::SetDefault ("ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc::MaxSize",
353                       QueueSizeValue (QueueSize (QueueSizeUnit::PACKETS, size / mtu_bytes)));
354   Config::SetDefault ("ns3::CoDelQueueDisc::MaxSize",
355                       QueueSizeValue (QueueSize (QueueSizeUnit::BYTES, size)));
356 
357   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_flows; i++)
358     {
359       NetDeviceContainer devices;
360       devices = LocalLink.Install (sources.Get (i), gateways.Get (0));
361       tchPfifo.Install (devices);
362       address.NewNetwork ();
363       Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
364 
365       devices = UnReLink.Install (gateways.Get (0), sinks.Get (i));
366       if (queue_disc_type.compare ("ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc") == 0)
367         {
368           tchPfifo.Install (devices);
369         }
370       else if (queue_disc_type.compare ("ns3::CoDelQueueDisc") == 0)
371         {
372           tchCoDel.Install (devices);
373         }
374       else
375         {
376           NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Queue not recognized. Allowed values are ns3::CoDelQueueDisc or ns3::PfifoFastQueueDisc");
377         }
378       address.NewNetwork ();
379       interfaces = address.Assign (devices);
380       sink_interfaces.Add (interfaces.Get (1));
381     }
382 
383   NS_LOG_INFO ("Initialize Global Routing.");
384   Ipv4GlobalRoutingHelper::PopulateRoutingTables ();
385 
386   uint16_t port = 50000;
387   Address sinkLocalAddress (InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), port));
388   PacketSinkHelper sinkHelper ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", sinkLocalAddress);
389 
390   for (uint16_t i = 0; i < sources.GetN (); i++)
391     {
392       AddressValue remoteAddress (InetSocketAddress (sink_interfaces.GetAddress (i, 0), port));
393       Config::SetDefault ("ns3::TcpSocket::SegmentSize", UintegerValue (tcp_adu_size));
394       BulkSendHelper ftp ("ns3::TcpSocketFactory", Address ());
395       ftp.SetAttribute ("Remote", remoteAddress);
396       ftp.SetAttribute ("SendSize", UintegerValue (tcp_adu_size));
397       ftp.SetAttribute ("MaxBytes", UintegerValue (data_mbytes * 1000000));
398 
399       ApplicationContainer sourceApp = ftp.Install (sources.Get (i));
400       sourceApp.Start (Seconds (start_time * i));
401       sourceApp.Stop (Seconds (stop_time - 3));
402 
403       sinkHelper.SetAttribute ("Protocol", TypeIdValue (TcpSocketFactory::GetTypeId ()));
404       ApplicationContainer sinkApp = sinkHelper.Install (sinks.Get (i));
405       sinkApp.Start (Seconds (start_time * i));
406       sinkApp.Stop (Seconds (stop_time));
407     }
408 
409   // Set up tracing if enabled
410   if (tracing)
411     {
412       std::ofstream ascii;
413       Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> ascii_wrap;
414       ascii.open ((prefix_file_name + "-ascii").c_str ());
415       ascii_wrap = new OutputStreamWrapper ((prefix_file_name + "-ascii").c_str (),
416                                             std::ios::out);
417       stack.EnableAsciiIpv4All (ascii_wrap);
418 
419       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.00001), &TraceCwnd, prefix_file_name + "-cwnd.data");
420       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.00001), &TraceSsThresh, prefix_file_name + "-ssth.data");
421       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.00001), &TraceRtt, prefix_file_name + "-rtt.data");
422       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.00001), &TraceRto, prefix_file_name + "-rto.data");
423       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.00001), &TraceNextTx, prefix_file_name + "-next-tx.data");
424       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.00001), &TraceInFlight, prefix_file_name + "-inflight.data");
425       Simulator::Schedule (Seconds (0.1), &TraceNextRx, prefix_file_name + "-next-rx.data");
426     }
427 
428   if (pcap)
429     {
430       UnReLink.EnablePcapAll (prefix_file_name, true);
431       LocalLink.EnablePcapAll (prefix_file_name, true);
432     }
433 
434   // Flow monitor
435   FlowMonitorHelper flowHelper;
436   if (flow_monitor)
437     {
438       flowHelper.InstallAll ();
439     }
440 
441   Simulator::Stop (Seconds (stop_time));
442   Simulator::Run ();
443 
444   if (flow_monitor)
445     {
446       flowHelper.SerializeToXmlFile (prefix_file_name + ".flowmonitor", true, true);
447     }
448 
449   Simulator::Destroy ();
450   return 0;
451 }
452