.fp 5 CW .. .nr ;G \\n(.f .Af "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" "\\$8" "\\$9" \\*(;G .. .aF 5 \\n(.f "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" .. .aF 5 1 "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" .. .aF 1 5 "\\$1" "\\$2" "\\$3" "\\$4" "\\$5" "\\$6" "\\$7" ..

..

spawnvex - process spawn with process file and resource control .L "#include <ast.h>" .L "SPAWN_FLAG(op)" .L "SPAWN_RESET" .L "SPAWN_cwd" .L "SPAWN_pgrp" .L "SPAWN_resetids" .L "SPAWN_sid" .L "SPAWN_sigdef" .L "SPAWN_sigmask" .L "SPAWN_umask" .L "SPAWN_close" .L "SPAWN_dup2" .L "SPAWN_nocloexec" .L "pid_t spawnvex(const char* path, char* const argv[], char* const envv[], Spawnvex_t*, vex);" .L "Spawnvex_t* spawnvex_open(void);" .L "int spawnvex_add(Spawnvex_t* vex, int64_t arg1, int64_t arg2);" .L "int spawnvex_apply(Spawnvex_t* vex, int index, int flags);" .L "int spawnvex_init(Spawnvex_t* vex);" .L "int spawnvex_close(Spawnvex_t* vex);" .L spwanvex combines the fork (2) control child attributes and file descriptors and exec (2) sequence into a single call.

.LR path , .L argv and .L envv are as in execve (2). .L pgid controls the new process group and session:

.L <0 The new process becomes a session leader. is called in the child context.

.L 0 The new process is in the callers process group.

.L 1 The new process becomes a process group leader.

.L >1 The new process joins the process group pgid .

It is possible to code all process creation using .LR spawnveg . The proc (3) routines and ksh (1) do this on systems that don't support fork (2). fork(2), exec(2), spawnve(2)