11 LYNX 22 Name 3 lynx - a general purpose distributed information browser for the World 4 Wide Web 5 62 Synopsis 7 lynx [options] [optional paths or URLs] 8 9 lynx [options] [path or URL] -get_data 10 data 11 -- 12 13 lynx [options] [path or URL] -post_data 14 data 15 -- 16 17 Use "lynx -help" to display a complete list of current options. 18 192 Description 20 Lynx is a fully-featured World Wide Web (WWW) client for users running 21 cursor-addressable, character-cell display devices (e.g., vt100 22 terminals, vt100 emulators running on Windows 95/NT/XP/7/8 or any POSIX 23 platform, or any other "curses-oriented" display). It will display 24 hypertext markup language (HTML) documents containing links to files 25 residing on the local system, as well as files residing on remote 26 systems running Gopher, HTTP, FTP, WAIS, and NNTP servers. Current 27 versions of Lynx run on Unix, VMS, Windows 95/NT/XP/7/8, DOS DJGPP and 28 OS/2. 29 30 Lynx can be used to access information on the World Wide Web, or to 31 build information systems intended primarily for local access. For 32 example, Lynx has been used to build several Campus Wide Information 33 Systems (CWIS). In addition, Lynx can be used to build systems 34 isolated within a single LAN. 35 362 Options 37 At start up, Lynx will load any local file or remote URL specified at 38 the command line. For help with URLs, press "?" or "H" while running 39 Lynx. Then follow the link titled, "Help on URLs." 40 41 If more than one local file or remote URL is listed on the command 42 line, Lynx will open only the last interactively. All of the names 43 (local files and remote URLs) are added to the G)oto history. 44 45 Lynx uses only long option names. Option names can begin with double 46 dash "--" as well, underscores and dashes can be intermixed in option 47 names (in the reference below, options are shown with one dash "-" 48 before them, and with underscores "_"). 49 50 Lynx provides many command-line options. Some options require a value 51 (string, number or keyword). These are noted in the reference below. 52 The other options set boolean values in the program. There are three 53 types of boolean options: set, unset and toggle. If no option value is 54 given, these have the obvious meaning: set (to true), unset (to false), 55 or toggle (between true/false). For any of these, an explicit value 56 can be given in different forms to allow for operating system 57 constraints, e.g., 58 59 -center:off 60 -center=off 61 -center- 62 63 Lynx recognizes "1", "+", "on" and "true" for true values, and "0", 64 "-", "off" and "false" for false values. Other option-values are 65 ignored. 66 67 The default boolean, number and string option values that are compiled 68 into Lynx are displayed in the help-message provided by lynx -help. 69 Some of those may differ according to how Lynx was built; see the help 70 message itself for these values. The -help option is processed in the 71 third pass of options-processing, so any option which sets a value, as 72 well as runtime configuration values are reflected in the help-message. 73 74 - If the argument is only "-", then Lynx expects to receive the 75 arguments from the standard input. This is to allow for the 76 potentially very long command line that can be associated with 77 the -get_data or -post_data arguments (see below). It can also 78 be used to avoid having sensitive information in the invoking 79 command line (which would be visible to other processes on most 80 systems), especially when the -auth or -pauth options are used. 81 82 -accept_all_cookies 83 accept all cookies. 84 85 -anonymous 86 apply restrictions for anonymous account, see also 87 -restrictions. 88 89 -assume_charset=MIMEname 90 charset for documents that do not specify it. 91 92 -assume_local_charset=MIMEname 93 charset assumed for local files, i.e., files which Lynx creates 94 such as internal pages for the options menu. 95 96 -assume_unrec_charset=MIMEname 97 use this instead of unrecognized charsets. 98 99 -auth=ID:PASSWD 100 set authorization ID and password for protected documents at 101 startup. Be sure to protect any script files which use this 102 switch. 103 104 -base prepend a request URL comment and BASE tag to text/html outputs 105 for -source dumps. 106 107 -bibhost=URL 108 specify a local bibp server (default http://bibhost/). 109 110 -blink forces high intensity background colors for color mode, if 111 available and supported by the terminal. This applies to the 112 slang library (for a few terminal emulators), or to OS/2 EMX 113 with ncurses. 114 115 -book use the bookmark page as the startfile. The default or command 116 line startfile is still set for the Main screen command, and 117 will be used if the bookmark page is unavailable or blank. 118 119 -buried_news 120 toggles scanning of news articles for buried references, and 121 converts them to news links. Not recommended because email 122 addresses enclosed in angle brackets will be converted to false 123 news links, and uuencoded messages can be trashed. 124 125 -cache=NUMBER 126 set the NUMBER of documents cached in memory. The default is 127 10. 128 129 -case enable case-sensitive string searching. 130 131 -center 132 Toggle center alignment in HTML TABLE. 133 134 -cfg=FILENAME 135 specifies a Lynx configuration file other than the default 136 lynx.cfg. 137 138 -child exit on left-arrow in startfile, and disable save to disk and 139 associated print/mail options. 140 141 -child_relaxed 142 exit on left-arrow in startfile, but allow save to disk and 143 associated print/mail options. 144 145 -cmd_log=FILENAME 146 write keystroke commands and related information to the 147 specified file. 148 149 -cmd_script=FILENAME 150 read keystroke commands from the specified file. You can use 151 the data written using the -cmd_log option. Lynx will ignore 152 other information which the command-logging may have written to 153 the logfile. Each line of the command script contains either a 154 comment beginning with "#", or a keyword: 155 156 exit 157 causes the script to stop, and forces Lynx to exit 158 immediately. 159 160 key 161 the character value, in printable form. Cursor and other 162 special keys are given as names, e.g., "Down Arrow". 163 Printable 7-bit ASCII codes are given as-is, and hexadecimal 164 values represent other 8-bit codes. 165 166 set 167 followed by a "name=value" allows one to override values set 168 in the lynx.cfg or .lynxrc files. Lynx tries the cfg-file 169 setting first. 170 171 -collapse_br_tags 172 toggles collapsing of BR tags. 173 174 -color forces color mode on, if available. Default color control 175 sequences which work for many terminal types are assumed if the 176 terminal capability description does not specify how to handle 177 color. Lynx needs to be compiled with the slang library for 178 this flag, it is equivalent to setting the COLORTERM environment 179 variable. (If color support is instead provided by a color- 180 capable curses library like ncurses, Lynx relies completely on 181 the terminal description to determine whether color mode is 182 possible, and this flag is not needed and thus unavailable.) A 183 saved show_color=always setting found in a .lynxrc file at 184 startup has the same effect. A saved show_color=never found in 185 .lynxrc on startup is overridden by this flag. 186 187 -connect_timeout=N 188 Sets the connection timeout, where N is given in seconds. 189 190 -cookie_file=FILENAME 191 specifies a file to use to read cookies. If none is specified, 192 the default value is ~/.lynx_cookies for most systems, but 193 ~/cookies for MS-DOS. 194 195 -cookie_save_file=FILENAME 196 specifies a file to use to store cookies. If none is specified, 197 the value given by -cookie_file is used. 198 199 -cookies 200 toggles handling of Set-Cookie headers. 201 202 -core toggles forced core dumps on fatal errors. Turn this option off 203 to ask Lynx to force a core dump if a fatal error occurs. 204 205 -crawl with -traversal, output each page to a file. with -dump, format 206 output as with -traversal, but to the standard output. 207 208 -curses_pads 209 toggles the use of curses "pad" feature which supports 210 left/right scrolling of the display. The feature is normally 211 available for curses configurations, but inactive. To activate 212 it, use the "|" character or the LINEWRAP_TOGGLE command. 213 Toggling this option makes the feature altogether unavailable. 214 215 -debug_partial 216 separate incremental display stages with MessageSecs delay 217 218 -default_colors 219 toggles the default-colors feature which is normally set in the 220 lynx.cfg file. 221 222 -delay add DebugSecs delay after each progress-message 223 224 -display=DISPLAY 225 set the display variable for X rexec-ed programs. 226 227 -display_charset=MIMEname 228 set the charset for the terminal output. 229 230 -dont_wrap_pre 231 inhibit wrapping of text when -dump'ing and -crawl'ing, mark 232 wrapped lines of <pre> in interactive session. 233 234 -dump dumps the formatted output of the default document or those 235 specified on the command line to standard output. Unlike 236 interactive mode, all documents are processed. This can be used 237 in the following way: 238 239 lynx -dump http://www.subir.com/lynx.html 240 241 Files specified on the command line are formatted as HTML if 242 their names end with one of the standard web suffixes such as 243 ".htm" or ".html". Use the -force_html option to format files 244 whose names do not follow this convention. 245 246 -editor=EDITOR 247 enable external editing, using the specified EDITOR. (vi, ed, 248 emacs, etc.) 249 250 -emacskeys 251 enable emacs-like key movement. 252 253 -enable_scrollback 254 toggles compatibility with communication programs' scrollback 255 keys (may be incompatible with some curses packages). 256 257 -error_file=FILE 258 define a file where Lynx will report HTTP access codes. 259 260 -exec enable local program execution (normally not configured). 261 262 -fileversions 263 include all versions of files in local VMS directory listings. 264 265 -find_leaks 266 toggle memory leak-checking. Normally this is not compiled-into 267 your executable, but when it is, it can be disabled for a 268 session. 269 270 -force_empty_hrefless_a 271 force HREF-less "A" elements to be empty (close them as soon as 272 they are seen). 273 274 -force_html 275 forces the first document to be interpreted as HTML. 276 277 This is most useful when processing files specified on the 278 command line which have an unrecognized suffix (or the suffix is 279 associated with a non-HTML type, such as ".txt" for plain text 280 files). 281 282 Lynx recognizes these file suffixes as HTML: 283 284 ".ht3", 285 ".htm", 286 ".html3", 287 ".html", 288 ".htmlx", 289 ".php3", 290 ".php", 291 ".phtml", 292 ".sht", and 293 ".shtml". 294 295 -force_secure 296 toggles forcing of the secure flag for SSL cookies. 297 298 -forms_options 299 toggles whether the Options Menu is key-based or form-based. 300 301 -from toggles transmissions of From headers. 302 303 -ftp disable ftp access. 304 305 -get_data 306 properly formatted data for a get form are read in from the 307 standard input and passed to the form. Input is terminated by a 308 line that starts with "---". 309 310 Lynx issues an HTTP GET, sending the form to the path or URL 311 given on the command-line and prints the response of the server. 312 If no path or URL is given, Lynx sends the form to the start- 313 page. 314 315 -head send a HEAD request for the mime headers. 316 317 -help print the Lynx command syntax usage message, and exit. 318 319 -hiddenlinks=[option] 320 control the display of hidden links. 321 322 merge 323 hidden links show up as bracketed numbers and are numbered 324 together with other links in the sequence of their occurrence 325 in the document. 326 327 listonly 328 hidden links are shown only on L)ist screens and listings 329 generated by -dump or from the P)rint menu, but appear 330 separately at the end of those lists. This is the default 331 behavior. 332 333 ignore 334 hidden links do not appear even in listings. 335 336 -historical 337 toggles use of ">" or "-->" as a terminator for comments. 338 339 -homepage=URL 340 set homepage separate from start page. 341 342 -image_links 343 toggles inclusion of links for all images. 344 345 -index=URL 346 set the default index file to the specified URL. 347 348 -ismap toggles inclusion of ISMAP links when client-side MAPs are 349 present. 350 351 -justify 352 do justification of text. 353 354 -link=NUMBER 355 starting count for lnk#.dat files produced by -crawl. 356 357 -list_inline 358 for -dump, show the links inline with the text. 359 360 -listonly 361 for -dump, show only the list of links. 362 363 -localhost 364 disable URLs that point to remote hosts. 365 366 -locexec 367 enable local program execution from local files only (if Lynx 368 was compiled with local execution enabled). 369 370 -lss=FILENAME 371 specify filename containing color-style information. The 372 default is lynx.lss. If you give an empty filename, Lynx uses a 373 built-in monochrome scheme which imitates the non-color-style 374 configuration. 375 376 -mime_header 377 prints the MIME header of a fetched document along with its 378 source. 379 380 -minimal 381 toggles minimal versus valid comment parsing. 382 383 -nested_tables 384 toggles nested-tables logic (for debugging). 385 386 -newschunksize=NUMBER 387 number of articles in chunked news listings. 388 389 -newsmaxchunk=NUMBER 390 maximum news articles in listings before chunking. 391 392 -nobold 393 disable bold video-attribute. 394 395 -nobrowse 396 disable directory browsing. 397 398 -nocc disable Cc: prompts for self copies of mailings. Note that this 399 does not disable any CCs which are incorporated within a mailto 400 URL or form ACTION. 401 402 -nocolor 403 force color mode off, overriding terminal capabilities and any 404 -color flags, COLORTERM variable, and saved .lynxrc settings. 405 406 -noexec 407 disable local program execution. (DEFAULT) 408 409 -nofilereferer 410 disable transmissions of Referer headers for file URLs. 411 412 -nolist 413 disable the link list feature in dumps. 414 415 -nolog disable mailing of error messages to document owners. 416 417 -nomargins 418 disable left/right margins in the default style sheet. 419 420 -nomore 421 disable -more- string in statusline messages. 422 423 -nonrestarting_sigwinch 424 This flag is not available on all systems, Lynx needs to be 425 compiled with HAVE_SIGACTION defined. If available, this flag 426 may cause Lynx to react more immediately to window changes when 427 run within an xterm. 428 429 -nonumbers 430 disable link- and field-numbering. This overrides 431 -number_fields and -number_links. 432 433 -nopause 434 disable forced pauses for statusline messages. 435 436 -noprint 437 disable most print functions. 438 439 -noredir 440 prevents automatic redirection and prints a message with a link 441 to the new URL. 442 443 -noreferer 444 disable transmissions of Referer headers. 445 446 -noreverse 447 disable reverse video-attribute. 448 449 -nosocks 450 disable SOCKS proxy usage by a SOCKSified Lynx. 451 452 -nostatus 453 disable the retrieval status messages. 454 455 -notitle 456 disable title and blank line from top of page. 457 458 -nounderline 459 disable underline video-attribute. 460 461 -number_fields 462 force numbering of links as well as form input fields 463 464 -number_links 465 force numbering of links. 466 467 -partial 468 toggles display partial pages while loading. 469 470 -partial_thres=NUMBER 471 number of lines to render before repainting display with 472 partial-display logic 473 474 -passive_ftp 475 toggles passive ftp connections. 476 477 -pauth=ID:PASSWD 478 set authorization ID and password for a protected proxy server 479 at startup. Be sure to protect any script files which use this 480 switch. 481 482 -popup toggles handling of single-choice SELECT options via popup 483 windows or as lists of radio buttons. 484 485 -post_data 486 properly formatted data for a post form are read in from the 487 standard input and passed to the form. Input is terminated by a 488 line that starts with "---". 489 490 Lynx issues an HTTP POST, sending the form to the path or URL 491 given on the command-line and prints the response of the server. 492 If no path or URL is given, Lynx sends the form to the start- 493 page. 494 495 -preparsed 496 show HTML source preparsed and reformatted when used with 497 -source or in source view. 498 499 -prettysrc 500 show HTML source view with lexical elements and tags in color. 501 502 -print enable print functions. (default) 503 504 -pseudo_inlines 505 toggles pseudo-ALTs for inline images with no ALT string. 506 507 -raw toggles default setting of 8-bit character translations or CJK 508 mode for the startup character set. 509 510 -realm restricts access to URLs in the starting realm. 511 512 -read_timeout=N 513 Sets the read-timeout, where N is given in seconds. 514 515 -reload 516 flushes the cache on a proxy server (only the first document 517 given on the command-line is affected). 518 519 -restrictions=[option][,option][,option]... 520 allows a list of services to be disabled selectively. Dashes 521 and underscores in option names can be intermixed. The 522 following list is printed if no options are specified. 523 524 all 525 restricts all options listed below. 526 527 bookmark 528 disallow changing the location of the bookmark file. 529 530 bookmark_exec 531 disallow execution links via the bookmark file. 532 533 change_exec_perms 534 disallow changing the eXecute permission on files (but still 535 allow it for directories) when local file management is 536 enabled. 537 538 default 539 same as command line option -anonymous. Disables default 540 services for anonymous users. Set to all restricted, except 541 for: inside_telnet, outside_telnet, inside_ftp, outside_ftp, 542 inside_rlogin, outside_rlogin, inside_news, outside_news, 543 telnet_port, jump, mail, print, exec, and goto. The settings 544 for these, as well as additional goto restrictions for 545 specific URL schemes that are also applied, are derived from 546 definitions within userdefs.h. 547 548 dired_support 549 disallow local file management. 550 551 disk_save 552 disallow saving to disk in the download and print menus. 553 554 dotfiles 555 disallow access to, or creation of, hidden (dot) files. 556 557 download 558 disallow some downloaders in the download menu (does not 559 imply disk_save restriction). 560 561 editor 562 disallow external editing. 563 564 exec 565 disable execution scripts. 566 567 exec_frozen 568 disallow the user from changing the local execution option. 569 570 externals 571 disallow some "EXTERNAL" configuration lines if support for 572 passing URLs to external applications (with the EXTERN 573 command) is compiled in. 574 575 file_url 576 disallow using G)oto, served links or bookmarks for file: 577 URLs. 578 579 goto 580 disable the "g" (goto) command. 581 582 inside_ftp 583 disallow ftps for people coming from inside your domain (utmp 584 required for selectivity). 585 586 inside_news 587 disallow USENET news posting for people coming from inside 588 your domain (utmp required for selectivity). 589 590 inside_rlogin 591 disallow rlogins for people coming from inside your domain 592 (utmp required for selectivity). 593 594 inside_telnet 595 disallow telnets for people coming from inside your domain 596 (utmp required for selectivity). 597 598 jump 599 disable the "j" (jump) command. 600 601 multibook 602 disallow multiple bookmarks. 603 604 mail 605 disallow mail. 606 607 news_post 608 disallow USENET News posting. 609 610 options_save 611 disallow saving options in .lynxrc. 612 613 outside_ftp 614 disallow ftps for people coming from outside your domain 615 (utmp required for selectivity). 616 617 outside_news 618 disallow USENET news reading and posting for people coming 619 from outside your domain (utmp required for selectivity). 620 This restriction applies to "news", "nntp", "newspost", and 621 "newsreply" URLs, but not to "snews", "snewspost", or 622 "snewsreply" in case they are supported. 623 624 outside_rlogin 625 disallow rlogins for people coming from outside your domain 626 (utmp required for selectivity). 627 628 outside_telnet 629 disallow telnets for people coming from outside your domain 630 (utmp required for selectivity). 631 632 print 633 disallow most print options. 634 635 shell 636 disallow shell escapes and lynxexec or lynxprog G)oto's. 637 638 suspend 639 disallow Unix Control-Z suspends with escape to shell. 640 641 telnet_port 642 disallow specifying a port in telnet G)oto's. 643 644 useragent 645 disallow modifications of the User-Agent header. 646 647 -resubmit_posts 648 toggles forced resubmissions (no-cache) of forms with method 649 POST when the documents they returned are sought with the 650 PREV_DOC command or from the History List. 651 652 -rlogin 653 disable recognition of rlogin commands. 654 655 -scrollbar 656 toggles showing scrollbar. 657 658 -scrollbar_arrow 659 toggles showing arrows at ends of the scrollbar. 660 661 -selective 662 require .www_browsable files to browse directories. 663 664 -session=FILENAME 665 resumes from specified file on startup and saves session to that 666 file on exit. 667 668 -sessionin=FILENAME 669 resumes session from specified file. 670 671 -sessionout=FILENAME 672 saves session to specified file. 673 674 -short_url 675 show very long URLs in the status line with "..." to represent 676 the portion which cannot be displayed. The beginning and end of 677 the URL are displayed, rather than suppressing the end. 678 679 -show_cfg 680 Print the configuration settings, e.g., as read from "lynx.cfg", 681 and exit. 682 683 -show_cursor 684 If enabled the cursor will not be hidden in the right hand 685 corner but will instead be positioned at the start of the 686 currently selected link. Show cursor is the default for systems 687 without FANCY_CURSES capabilities. The default configuration 688 can be changed in userdefs.h or lynx.cfg. The command line 689 switch toggles the default. 690 691 -show_rate 692 If enabled the transfer rate is shown in bytes/second. If 693 disabled, no transfer rate is shown. Use lynx.cfg or the 694 options menu to select KB/second and/or ETA. 695 696 -soft_dquotes 697 toggles emulation of the old Netscape and Mosaic bug which 698 treated ">" as a co-terminator for double-quotes and tags. 699 700 -source 701 works the same as dump but outputs HTML source instead of 702 formatted text. For example 703 704 lynx -source . >foo.html 705 706 generates HTML source listing the files in the current 707 directory. Each file is marked by an HREF relative to the 708 parent directory. Add a trailing slash to make the HREF's 709 relative to the current directory: 710 711 lynx -source ./ >foo.html 712 713 -stack_dump 714 disable SIGINT cleanup handler 715 716 -startfile_ok 717 allow non-http startfile and homepage with -validate. 718 719 -stderr 720 When dumping a document using -dump or -source, Lynx normally 721 does not display alert (error) messages that you see on the 722 screen in the status line. Use the -stderr option to tell Lynx 723 to write these messages to the standard error. 724 725 -stdin read the startfile from standard input (UNIX only). 726 727 -syslog=text 728 information for syslog call. 729 730 -syslog_urls 731 log requested URLs with syslog. 732 733 -tagsoup 734 initialize parser, using Tag Soup DTD rather than SortaSGML. 735 736 -telnet 737 disable recognition of telnet commands. 738 739 -term=TERM 740 tell Lynx what terminal type to assume it is talking to. (This 741 may be useful for remote execution, when, for example, Lynx 742 connects to a remote TCP/IP port that starts a script that, in 743 turn, starts another Lynx process.) 744 745 -timeout=N 746 For win32, sets the network read-timeout, where N is given in 747 seconds. 748 749 -tlog toggles between using a Lynx Trace Log and stderr for trace 750 output from the session. 751 752 -tna turns on "Textfields Need Activation" mode. 753 754 -trace turns on Lynx trace mode. Destination of trace output depends 755 on -tlog. 756 757 -trace_mask=value 758 turn on optional traces, which may result in very large trace 759 files. Logically OR the values to combine options: 760 761 1 SGML character parsing states 762 763 2 color-style 764 765 4 TRST (table layout) 766 767 8 configuration (lynx.cfg, .lynxrc, .lynx-keymaps, mime.types 768 and mailcap contents) 769 770 16 binary string copy/append, used in form data construction. 771 772 32 cookies 773 774 64 character sets 775 776 128 777 GridText parsing 778 779 256 780 timing 781 782 -traversal 783 traverse all http links derived from startfile. When used with 784 -crawl, each link that begins with the same string as startfile 785 is output to a file, intended for indexing. 786 787 See CRAWL.announce for more information. 788 789 -trim_blank_lines 790 toggles trimming of trailing blank lines as well as the related 791 trimming of blank lines while collapsing BR tags. 792 793 -trim_input_fields 794 trim input text/textarea fields in forms. 795 796 -underline_links 797 toggles use of underline/bold attribute for links. 798 799 -underscore 800 toggles use of _underline_ format in dumps. 801 802 -unique_urls 803 check for duplicate link numbers in each page and corresponding 804 lists, and reuse the original link number. 805 806 -use_mouse 807 turn on mouse support, if available. Clicking the left mouse 808 button on a link traverses it. Clicking the right mouse button 809 pops back. Click on the top line to scroll up. Click on the 810 bottom line to scroll down. The first few positions in the top 811 and bottom line may invoke additional functions. Lynx must be 812 compiled with ncurses or slang to support this feature. If 813 ncurses is used, clicking the middle mouse button pops up a 814 simple menu. Mouse clicks may only work reliably while Lynx is 815 idle waiting for input. 816 817 -useragent=Name 818 set alternate Lynx User-Agent header. 819 820 -validate 821 accept only http URLs (for validation). Complete security 822 restrictions also are implemented. 823 824 -verbose 825 toggle [LINK], [IMAGE] and [INLINE] comments with filenames of 826 these images. 827 828 -version 829 print version information, and exit. 830 831 -vikeys 832 enable vi-like key movement. 833 834 -wdebug 835 enable Waterloo tcp/ip packet debug (print to watt debugfile). 836 This applies only to DOS versions compiled with WATTCP or 837 WATT-32. 838 839 -width=NUMBER 840 number of columns for formatting of dumps, default is 80. This 841 is limited by the number of columns that Lynx could display, 842 typically 1024 (the MAX_LINE symbol). 843 844 -with_backspaces 845 emit backspaces in output if -dump'ing or -crawl'ing (like man 846 does) 847 848 -xhtml_parsing 849 tells Lynx that it can ignore certain tags which have no content 850 in an XHTML 1.0 document. For example "<p/>" will be discarded. 851 8522 Commands 853 More than one key can be mapped to a given command. Here are some of 854 the most useful: 855 856 * Use Up arrow and Down arrow to scroll through hypertext links. 857 858 * Right arrow or Return will follow a highlighted hypertext link. 859 860 * Left Arrow or "u" will retreat from a link. 861 862 * Type "H", "?", or F1 for online help and descriptions of key-stroke 863 commands. 864 865 * Type "k" or "K" for a list of the current key-stroke command 866 mappings. 867 868 If the same command is mapped to the same letter differing only by 869 upper/lowercase only the lowercase mapping is shown. 870 871 * Type Delete to view history list. 872 8732 Environment 874 In addition to various "standard" environment variables such as HOME, 875 PATH, USER, DISPLAY, TMPDIR, etc, Lynx utilizes several Lynx-specific 876 environment variables, if they exist. 877 878 Others may be created or modified by Lynx to pass data to an external 879 program, or for other reasons. These are listed separately below. 880 881 See also the sections on SIMULATED CGI SUPPORT and NATIVE LANGUAGE 882 SUPPORT, below. 883 884 Note: Not all environment variables apply to all types of platforms 885 supported by Lynx, though most do. Feedback on platform dependencies 886 is solicited. 887 888 Environment Variables Used By Lynx: 889 890 COLORTERM If set, color capability for the terminal is forced 891 on at startup time. The actual value assigned to 892 the variable is ignored. This variable is only 893 meaningful if Lynx was built using the slang 894 screen-handling library. 895 896 LYNX_CFG This variable, if set, will override the default 897 location and name of the global configuration file 898 (normally, lynx.cfg) that was defined by the 899 LYNX_CFG_FILE constant in the userdefs.h file, 900 during installation. 901 902 See the userdefs.h file for more information. 903 904 LYNX_CFG_PATH If set, this variable overrides the compiled-in 905 search-list of directories used to find the 906 configuration files, e.g., lynx.cfg and lynx.lss. 907 The list is delimited with ":" (or ";" for Windows) 908 like the PATH environment variable. 909 910 LYNX_HELPFILE If set, this variable overrides the compiled-in URL 911 and configuration file URL for the Lynx help file. 912 913 LYNX_LOCALEDIR If set, this variable overrides the compiled-in 914 location of the locale directory which contains 915 native language (NLS) message text. 916 917 LYNX_LSS This variable, if set, specifies the location of 918 the default Lynx character style sheet file. 919 [Currently only meaningful if Lynx was built using 920 curses color style support.] 921 922 LYNX_SAVE_SPACE This variable, if set, will override the default 923 path prefix for files saved to disk that is defined 924 in the lynx.cfg SAVE_SPACE: statement. 925 926 See the lynx.cfg file for more information. 927 928 LYNX_TEMP_SPACE This variable, if set, will override the default 929 path prefix for temporary files that was defined 930 during installation, as well as any value that may 931 be assigned to the TMPDIR variable. 932 933 MAIL This variable specifies the default inbox Lynx will 934 check for new mail, if such checking is enabled in 935 the lynx.cfg file. 936 937 NEWS_ORGANIZATION This variable, if set, provides the string used in 938 the Organization: header of USENET news postings. 939 It will override the setting of the ORGANIZATION 940 environment variable, if it is also set (and, on 941 UNIX, the contents of an /etc/organization file, if 942 present). 943 944 NNTPSERVER If set, this variable specifies the default NNTP 945 server that will be used for USENET news reading 946 and posting with Lynx, via news: URL's. 947 948 ORGANIZATION This variable, if set, provides the string used in 949 the Organization: header of USENET news postings. 950 On UNIX, it will override the contents of an 951 /etc/organization file, if present. 952 953 PROTOCOL_proxy Lynx supports the use of proxy servers that can act 954 as firewall gateways and caching servers. They are 955 preferable to the older gateway servers (see 956 WWW_access_GATEWAY, below). 957 958 Each protocol used by Lynx, (http, ftp, gopher, 959 etc), can be mapped separately by setting 960 environment variables of the form PROTOCOL_proxy. 961 Protocols are indicated in a URI by the name before 962 ":", e.g., "http" in "http://some.server.dom:port/" 963 for HTML. 964 965 Depending on your system configuration and 966 supported protocols, the environment variables 967 recognized by lynx may include 968 969 cso_proxy 970 finger_proxy 971 ftp_proxy 972 gopher_proxy 973 https_proxy 974 http_proxy 975 newspost_proxy 976 newsreply_proxy 977 news_proxy 978 nntp_proxy 979 no_proxy 980 snewspost_proxy 981 snewsreply_proxy 982 snews_proxy 983 wais_proxy 984 985 See Lynx Users Guide for additional details and 986 examples. 987 988 SSL_CERT_DIR Set to the directory containing trusted 989 certificates. 990 991 SSL_CERT_FILE Set to the full path and filename for your file of 992 trusted certificates. 993 994 WWW_access_GATEWAY Lynx still supports use of gateway servers, with 995 the servers specified via "WWW_access_GATEWAY" 996 variables (where "access" is lower case and can be 997 "http", "ftp", "gopher" or "wais"). However most 998 gateway servers have been discontinued. Note that 999 you do not include a terminal "/" for gateways, but 1000 do for proxies specified by PROTOCOL_proxy 1001 environment variables. 1002 1003 See Lynx Users Guide for details. 1004 1005 WWW_HOME This variable, if set, will override the default 1006 startup URL specified in any of the Lynx 1007 configuration files. 1008 1009 Environment Variables Set or Modified By Lynx: 1010 1011 LYNX_PRINT_DATE This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function, 1012 to the Date: string seen in the document's 1013 "Information about" page (= cmd), if any. It is 1014 created for use by an external program, as defined 1015 in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement. If 1016 the field does not exist for the document, the 1017 variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or "No 1018 Date" under VMS. 1019 1020 LYNX_PRINT_LASTMOD This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function, 1021 to the Last Mod: string seen in the document's 1022 "Information about" page (= cmd), if any. It is 1023 created for use by an external program, as defined 1024 in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement. If 1025 the field does not exist for the document, the 1026 variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or "No 1027 LastMod" under VMS. 1028 1029 LYNX_PRINT_TITLE This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function, 1030 to the Linkname: string seen in the document's 1031 "Information about" page (= cmd), if any. It is 1032 created for use by an external program, as defined 1033 in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement. If 1034 the field does not exist for the document, the 1035 variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or "No 1036 Title" under VMS. 1037 1038 LYNX_PRINT_URL This variable is set by the Lynx p(rint) function, 1039 to the URL: string seen in the document's 1040 "Information about" page (= cmd), if any. It is 1041 created for use by an external program, as defined 1042 in a lynx.cfg PRINTER: definition statement. If 1043 the field does not exist for the document, the 1044 variable is set to a null string under UNIX, or "No 1045 URL" under VMS. 1046 1047 LYNX_TRACE If set, causes Lynx to write a trace file as if the 1048 -trace option were supplied. 1049 1050 LYNX_TRACE_FILE If set, overrides the compiled-in name of the trace 1051 file, which is either Lynx.trace or LY-TRACE.LOG 1052 (the latter on the DOS/Windows platforms). The 1053 trace file is in either case relative to the home 1054 directory. 1055 1056 LYNX_VERSION This variable is always set by Lynx, and may be 1057 used by an external program to determine if it was 1058 invoked by Lynx. 1059 1060 See also the comments in the distribution's sample 1061 mailcap file, for notes on usage in such a file. 1062 1063 TERM Normally, this variable is used by Lynx to 1064 determine the terminal type being used to invoke 1065 Lynx. If, however, it is unset at startup time (or 1066 has the value "unknown"), or if the -term command- 1067 line option is used (see OPTIONS section above), 1068 Lynx will set or modify its value to the user 1069 specified terminal type (for the Lynx execution 1070 environment). Note: If set/modified by Lynx, the 1071 values of the LINES and/or COLUMNS environment 1072 variables may also be changed. 1073 10742 Simulated Cgi Support 1075 If built with the cgi-links option enabled, Lynx allows access to a cgi 1076 script directly without the need for an http daemon. 1077 1078 When executing such "lynxcgi scripts" (if enabled), the following 1079 variables may be set for simulating a CGI environment: 1080 1081 CONTENT_LENGTH 1082 1083 CONTENT_TYPE 1084 1085 DOCUMENT_ROOT 1086 1087 HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET 1088 1089 HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE 1090 1091 HTTP_USER_AGENT 1092 1093 PATH_INFO 1094 1095 PATH_TRANSLATED 1096 1097 QUERY_STRING 1098 1099 REMOTE_ADDR 1100 1101 REMOTE_HOST 1102 1103 REQUEST_METHOD 1104 1105 SERVER_SOFTWARE 1106 1107 Other environment variables are not inherited by the script, unless 1108 they are provided via a LYNXCGI_ENVIRONMENT statement in the 1109 configuration file. See the lynx.cfg file, and the (draft) CGI 1.1 1110 Specification <http://Web.Golux.Com/coar/cgi/draft-coar-cgi-v11-00.txt> 1111 for the definition and usage of these variables. 1112 1113 The CGI Specification, and other associated documentation, should be 1114 consulted for general information on CGI script programming. 1115 11162 Native Language Support 1117 If configured and installed with Native Language Support, Lynx will 1118 display status and other messages in your local language. See the file 1119 ABOUT_NLS in the source distribution, or at your local GNU site, for 1120 more information about internationalization. 1121 1122 The following environment variables may be used to alter default 1123 settings: 1124 1125 LANG This variable, if set, will override the default 1126 message language. It is an ISO 639 two-letter code 1127 identifying the language. Language codes are NOT 1128 the same as the country codes given in ISO 3166. 1129 1130 LANGUAGE This variable, if set, will override the default 1131 message language. This is a GNU extension that has 1132 higher priority for setting the message catalog 1133 than LANG or LC_ALL. 1134 1135 LC_ALL and 1136 1137 LC_MESSAGES These variables, if set, specify the notion of 1138 native language formatting style. They are POSIXly 1139 correct. 1140 1141 LINGUAS This variable, if set prior to configuration, 1142 limits the installed languages to specific values. 1143 It is a space-separated list of two-letter codes. 1144 Currently, it is hard-coded to a wish list. 1145 1146 NLSPATH This variable, if set, is used as the path prefix 1147 for message catalogs. 1148 11492 Notes 1150 This is the Lynx v2.8.9 Release; development is in progress for 2.9.0. 1151 1152 If you wish to contribute to the further development of Lynx, subscribe 1153 to our mailing list. Send email to <lynx-dev-request@nongnu.org> with 1154 "subscribe lynx-dev" as the only line in the body of your message. 1155 1156 Send bug reports, comments, suggestions to <lynx-dev@nongnu.org> after 1157 subscribing. 1158 1159 Unsubscribe by sending email to <lynx-dev-request@nongnu.org> with 1160 "unsubscribe lynx-dev" as the only line in the body of your message. 1161 Do not send the unsubscribe message to the lynx-dev list, itself. 1162 11632 See Also 1164 catgets(3), curses(3), environ(7), execve(2), ftp(1), gettext(GNU), 1165 localeconv(3), ncurses(3), setlocale(3), slang(?), termcap(5), 1166 terminfo(5), wget(GNU) 1167 1168 Note that man page availability and section numbering is somewhat platform 1169 dependent, and may vary from the above references. 1170 1171 A section shown as (GNU), is intended to denote that the topic may be 1172 available via an info page, instead of a man page (i.e., try "info subject", 1173 rather than "man subject"). 1174 1175 A section shown as (?) denotes that documentation on the topic exists, 1176 but is not part of an established documentation retrieval system (see 1177 the distribution files associated with the topic, or contact your System 1178 Administrator for further information). 1179 11802 Acknowledgments 1181 Lynx has incorporated code from a variety of sources along the way. 1182 The earliest versions of Lynx included code from Earl Fogel of Comput- 1183 ing Services at the University of Saskatchewan, who implemented HYPER- 1184 REZ in the Unix environment. HYPERREZ was developed by Niel Larson of 1185 Think.com and served as the model for the early versions of Lynx. 1186 Those versions also incorporated libraries from the Unix Gopher clients 1187 developed at the University of Minnesota, and the later versions of 1188 Lynx rely on the WWW client library code developed by Tim Berners-Lee 1189 and the WWW community. Also a special thanks to Foteos Macrides who 1190 ported much of Lynx to VMS and did or organized most of its development 1191 since the departures of Lou Montulli and Garrett Blythe from the Uni- 1192 versity of Kansas in the summer of 1994 through the release of v2.7.2, 1193 and to everyone on the net who has contributed to Lynx's development 1194 either directly (through patches, comments or bug reports) or indirect- 1195 ly (through inspiration and development of other systems). 1196 11972 Authors 1198 Lou Montulli, Garrett Blythe, Craig Lavender, Michael Grobe, Charles 1199 Rezac 1200 Academic Computing Services 1201 University of Kansas 1202 Lawrence, Kansas 66047 1203 1204 Foteos Macrides 1205 Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research 1206 Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01545 1207 1208 Thomas E. Dickey 1209 <dickey@invisible-island.net> 1210