1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 17.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 18.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 19.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21.\" without specific prior written permission. 22.\" 23.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 34.\" 35.\" @(#)kill.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/28/95 36.\" $FreeBSD: src/bin/kill/kill.1,v 1.11.2.2 2002/07/14 21:41:26 keramida Exp $ 37.\" $DragonFly: src/bin/kill/kill.1,v 1.4 2008/05/02 02:05:03 swildner Exp $ 38.\" 39.Dd April 28, 1995 40.Dt KILL 1 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm kill 44.Nd terminate or signal a process 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Op Fl s Ar signal_name 48.Ar pid 49\&... 50.Nm 51.Fl l 52.Op Ar exit_status 53.Nm 54.Fl Ar signal_name 55.Ar pid 56\&... 57.Nm 58.Fl Ar signal_number 59.Ar pid 60\&... 61.Sh DESCRIPTION 62The 63.Nm 64utility sends a signal to the processes specified by the 65.Ar pid 66operand(s). 67.Pp 68Only the super-user may send signals to other users' processes. 69.Pp 70The options are as follows: 71.Bl -tag -width Ds 72.It Fl s Ar signal_name 73A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 74default 75.Dv TERM . 76.It Fl l Op Ar exit_status 77If no operand is given, list the signal names; otherwise, write 78the signal name corresponding to 79.Ar exit_status . 80.It Fl Ar signal_name 81A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 82default 83.Dv TERM . 84.It Fl Ar signal_number 85A non-negative decimal integer, specifying the signal to be sent instead 86of the default 87.Dv TERM . 88.El 89.Pp 90The following pids have special meanings: 91.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact 92.It -1 93If superuser, broadcast the signal to all processes; otherwise broadcast 94to all processes belonging to the user. 95.El 96.Pp 97Some of the more commonly used signals: 98.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact 99.It 1 100HUP (hang up) 101.It 2 102INT (interrupt) 103.It 3 104QUIT (quit) 105.It 6 106ABRT (abort) 107.It 9 108KILL (non-catchable, non-ignorable kill) 109.It 14 110ALRM (alarm clock) 111.It 15 112TERM (software termination signal) 113.El 114.Pp 115Some shells may provide a builtin 116.Nm 117command which is similar or identical to this utility. 118Consult the 119.Xr builtin 1 120manual page. 121.Sh EXIT STATUS 122.Ex -std 123.Sh EXAMPLES 124Terminate 125the processes with pids 142 and 157: 126.Pp 127.Dl "kill 142 157" 128.Pp 129Send the hangup signal 130.Pq Dv SIGHUP 131to the process with pid 507: 132.Pp 133.Dl "kill -s HUP 507" 134.Pp 135Terminate the process group with pgid 117: 136.Pp 137.Dl "kill -- -117" 138.Sh SEE ALSO 139.Xr builtin 1 , 140.Xr csh 1 , 141.Xr killall 1 , 142.Xr ps 1 , 143.Xr kill 2 , 144.Xr sigaction 2 145.Sh STANDARDS 146The 147.Nm 148function is expected to be 149.St -p1003.2 150compatible. 151.Sh HISTORY 152A 153.Nm 154command appeared in 155.At v3 . 156.Sh BUGS 157A replacement for the command 158.Dq Li kill 0 159for 160.Xr csh 1 161users should be provided. 162