1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 6.\" 7.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9.\" are met: 10.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 16.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 17.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 18.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 19.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21.\" without specific prior written permission. 22.\" 23.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 34.\" 35.\" @(#)kill.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/28/95 36.\" $FreeBSD: src/bin/kill/kill.1,v 1.11.2.2 2002/07/14 21:41:26 keramida Exp $ 37.\" $DragonFly: src/bin/kill/kill.1,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:22:50 dillon Exp $ 38.\" 39.Dd April 28, 1995 40.Dt KILL 1 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm kill 44.Nd terminate or signal a process 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Op Fl s Ar signal_name 48.Ar pid 49\&... 50.Nm 51.Fl l 52.Op Ar exit_status 53.Nm 54.Fl Ar signal_name 55.Ar pid 56\&... 57.Nm 58.Fl Ar signal_number 59.Ar pid 60\&... 61.Sh DESCRIPTION 62The 63.Nm 64utility sends a signal to the processes specified by the 65.Ar pid 66operand(s). 67.Pp 68Only the super-user may send signals to other users' processes. 69.Pp 70The options are as follows: 71.Pp 72.Bl -tag -width Ds 73.It Fl s Ar signal_name 74A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 75default 76.Dv TERM . 77.It Fl l Op Ar exit_status 78If no operand is given, list the signal names; otherwise, write 79the signal name corresponding to 80.Ar exit_status . 81.It Fl Ar signal_name 82A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 83default 84.Dv TERM . 85.It Fl Ar signal_number 86A non-negative decimal integer, specifying the signal to be sent instead 87of the default 88.Dv TERM . 89.El 90.Pp 91The following pids have special meanings: 92.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact 93.It -1 94If superuser, broadcast the signal to all processes; otherwise broadcast 95to all processes belonging to the user. 96.El 97.Pp 98Some of the more commonly used signals: 99.Bl -tag -width Ds -compact 100.It 1 101HUP (hang up) 102.It 2 103INT (interrupt) 104.It 3 105QUIT (quit) 106.It 6 107ABRT (abort) 108.It 9 109KILL (non-catchable, non-ignorable kill) 110.It 14 111ALRM (alarm clock) 112.It 15 113TERM (software termination signal) 114.El 115.Pp 116Some shells may provide a builtin 117.Nm 118command which is similar or identical to this utility. 119Consult the 120.Xr builtin 1 121manual page. 122.Sh EXAMPLES 123Terminate 124the processes with pids 142 and 157: 125.Pp 126.Dl "kill 142 157" 127.Pp 128Send the hangup signal 129.Pq Dv SIGHUP 130to the process with pid 507: 131.Pp 132.Dl "kill -s HUP 507" 133.Pp 134Terminate the process group with pgid 117: 135.Pp 136.Dl "kill -- -117" 137.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 138.Ex -std 139.Sh SEE ALSO 140.Xr builtin 1 , 141.Xr csh 1 , 142.Xr killall 1 , 143.Xr ps 1 , 144.Xr kill 2 , 145.Xr sigaction 2 146.Sh STANDARDS 147The 148.Nm 149function is expected to be 150.St -p1003.2 151compatible. 152.Sh HISTORY 153A 154.Nm 155command appeared in 156.At v3 . 157.Sh BUGS 158A replacement for the command 159.Dq Li kill 0 160for 161.Xr csh 1 162users should be provided. 163