1.\"- 2.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 3.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)kill.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/28/95 37.\" $FreeBSD: src/bin/kill/kill.1,v 1.22 2010/12/21 22:47:34 jilles Exp $ 38.\" 39.Dd April 28, 1995 40.Dt KILL 1 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm kill 44.Nd terminate or signal a process 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Op Fl s Ar signal_name 48.Ar pid ... 49.Nm 50.Fl l 51.Op Ar exit_status 52.Nm 53.Fl Ar signal_name 54.Ar pid ... 55.Nm 56.Fl Ar signal_number 57.Ar pid ... 58.Sh DESCRIPTION 59The 60.Nm 61utility sends a signal to the processes specified by the 62.Ar pid 63operands. 64.Pp 65Only the super-user may send signals to other users' processes. 66.Pp 67The options are as follows: 68.Bl -tag -width indent 69.It Fl s Ar signal_name 70A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 71default 72.Dv TERM . 73.It Fl l Op Ar exit_status 74If no operand is given, list the signal names; otherwise, write 75the signal name corresponding to 76.Ar exit_status . 77.It Fl Ar signal_name 78A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the 79default 80.Dv TERM . 81.It Fl Ar signal_number 82A non-negative decimal integer, specifying the signal to be sent instead 83of the default 84.Dv TERM . 85.El 86.Pp 87The following PIDs have special meanings: 88.Bl -tag -width indent 89.It -1 90If superuser, broadcast the signal to all processes; otherwise broadcast 91to all processes belonging to the user. 92.El 93.Pp 94Some of the more commonly used signals: 95.Pp 96.Bl -tag -width indent -compact 97.It 1 98HUP (hang up) 99.It 2 100INT (interrupt) 101.It 3 102QUIT (quit) 103.It 6 104ABRT (abort) 105.It 9 106KILL (non-catchable, non-ignorable kill) 107.It 14 108ALRM (alarm clock) 109.It 15 110TERM (software termination signal) 111.El 112.Pp 113Some shells may provide a builtin 114.Nm 115command which is similar or identical to this utility. 116Consult the 117.Xr builtin 1 118manual page. 119.Sh EXIT STATUS 120.Ex -std 121.Sh EXAMPLES 122Terminate 123the processes with PIDs 142 and 157: 124.Pp 125.Dl "kill 142 157" 126.Pp 127Send the hangup signal 128.Pq Dv SIGHUP 129to the process with PID 507: 130.Pp 131.Dl "kill -s HUP 507" 132.Pp 133Terminate the process group with PGID 117: 134.Pp 135.Dl "kill -- -117" 136.Sh SEE ALSO 137.Xr builtin 1 , 138.Xr csh 1 , 139.Xr killall 1 , 140.Xr ps 1 , 141.Xr sh 1 , 142.Xr kill 2 , 143.Xr sigaction 2 144.Sh STANDARDS 145The 146.Nm 147utility is expected to be 148.St -p1003.2 149compatible. 150.Sh HISTORY 151A 152.Nm 153command appeared in 154.At v3 . 155.Sh BUGS 156A replacement for the command 157.Dq Li kill 0 158for 159.Xr csh 1 160users should be provided. 161