1 /*- 2 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 14 * must display the following acknowledgement: 15 * This product includes software developed by the University of 16 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 17 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 19 * without specific prior written permission. 20 * 21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 31 * SUCH DAMAGE. 32 * 33 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 34 * @(#)ps.c 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/2/94 35 * $FreeBSD: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.30.2.6 2002/07/04 08:30:37 sobomax Exp $ 36 * $DragonFly: src/bin/ps/ps.c,v 1.14 2004/11/16 12:16:36 joerg Exp $ 37 */ 38 39 #include <sys/param.h> 40 #include <sys/user.h> 41 #include <sys/time.h> 42 #include <sys/queue.h> 43 #include <sys/resource.h> 44 #include <sys/stat.h> 45 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 48 #include <ctype.h> 49 #include <err.h> 50 #include <errno.h> 51 #include <fcntl.h> 52 #include <kvm.h> 53 #include <limits.h> 54 #include <locale.h> 55 #include <nlist.h> 56 #include <paths.h> 57 #include <stdio.h> 58 #include <stdlib.h> 59 #include <string.h> 60 #include <unistd.h> 61 #include <pwd.h> 62 #include <utmp.h> 63 64 #include "ps.h" 65 66 #define SEP ", \t" /* username separators */ 67 68 KINFO *kinfo; 69 struct varent *vhead, *vtail; 70 71 int eval; /* exit value */ 72 int cflag; /* -c */ 73 int rawcpu; /* -C */ 74 int sumrusage; /* -S */ 75 int termwidth; /* width of screen (0 == infinity) */ 76 int totwidth; /* calculated width of requested variables */ 77 int numcpus; /* hw.ncpu */ 78 79 static int needuser, needcomm, needenv; 80 #if defined(LAZY_PS) 81 static int forceuread=0; 82 #define PS_ARGS "aCcefghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwxyY" 83 #else 84 static int forceuread=1; 85 #define PS_ARGS "aCceghjLlM:mN:O:o:p:rSTt:U:uvwxyY" 86 #endif 87 88 enum sort { DEFAULT, SORTMEM, SORTCPU, SORTIAC } sortby = DEFAULT; 89 90 static const char *getfmt (char **(*)(kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), 91 KINFO *, char *, int); 92 static char *kludge_oldps_options (char *); 93 static int pscomp (const void *, const void *); 94 static void saveuser (KINFO *); 95 static void scanvars (void); 96 static void dynsizevars (KINFO *); 97 static void sizevars (void); 98 static void usage (void); 99 static uid_t *getuids(const char *, int *); 100 101 struct timeval btime; 102 103 static char dfmt[] = "pid tt state time command"; 104 static char jfmt[] = "user pid ppid pgid sess jobc state tt time command"; 105 static char lfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri nice vsz rss wchan state tt time command"; 106 static char o1[] = "pid"; 107 static char o2[] = "tt state time command"; 108 static char ufmt[] = "user pid %cpu %mem vsz rss tt state start time command"; 109 static char vfmt[] = "pid state time sl re pagein vsz rss lim tsiz %cpu %mem command"; 110 static char yfmt[] = "uid pid ppid cpu pri iac nice wchan state tt time command"; 111 112 kvm_t *kd; 113 114 int 115 main(int argc, char **argv) 116 { 117 struct kinfo_proc *kp; 118 struct varent *vent; 119 struct winsize ws; 120 dev_t ttydev; 121 pid_t pid; 122 uid_t *uids; 123 int all, ch, flag, i, fmt, lineno, nentries, nocludge, dropgid; 124 int prtheader, wflag, what, xflg, uid, nuids; 125 char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX]; 126 const char *cp, *nlistf, *memf; 127 size_t btime_size = sizeof(struct timeval); 128 size_t numcpus_size = sizeof(numcpus); 129 130 setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); 131 132 if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 133 ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1 && 134 ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *)&ws) == -1) || 135 ws.ws_col == 0) 136 termwidth = 79; 137 else 138 termwidth = ws.ws_col - 1; 139 140 /* 141 * Don't apply a kludge if the first argument is an option taking an 142 * argument 143 */ 144 if (argc > 1) { 145 nocludge = 0; 146 if (argv[1][0] == '-') { 147 for (cp = PS_ARGS; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 148 if (*cp != ':') 149 continue; 150 if (*(cp - 1) == argv[1][1]) { 151 nocludge = 1; 152 break; 153 } 154 } 155 } 156 if (nocludge == 0) 157 argv[1] = kludge_oldps_options(argv[1]); 158 } 159 160 all = fmt = prtheader = wflag = xflg = 0; 161 pid = -1; 162 nuids = 0; 163 uids = NULL; 164 ttydev = NODEV; 165 dropgid = 0; 166 memf = nlistf = _PATH_DEVNULL; 167 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PS_ARGS)) != -1) 168 switch((char)ch) { 169 case 'a': 170 all = 1; 171 break; 172 case 'C': 173 rawcpu = 1; 174 break; 175 case 'c': 176 cflag = 1; 177 break; 178 case 'e': /* XXX set ufmt */ 179 needenv = 1; 180 break; 181 case 'g': 182 break; /* no-op */ 183 case 'h': 184 prtheader = ws.ws_row > 5 ? ws.ws_row : 22; 185 break; 186 case 'j': 187 parsefmt(jfmt); 188 fmt = 1; 189 jfmt[0] = '\0'; 190 break; 191 case 'L': 192 showkey(); 193 exit(0); 194 case 'l': 195 parsefmt(lfmt); 196 fmt = 1; 197 lfmt[0] = '\0'; 198 break; 199 case 'M': 200 memf = optarg; 201 dropgid = 1; 202 break; 203 case 'm': 204 sortby = SORTMEM; 205 break; 206 case 'N': 207 nlistf = optarg; 208 dropgid = 1; 209 break; 210 case 'O': 211 parsefmt(o1); 212 parsefmt(optarg); 213 parsefmt(o2); 214 o1[0] = o2[0] = '\0'; 215 fmt = 1; 216 break; 217 case 'o': 218 parsefmt(optarg); 219 fmt = 1; 220 break; 221 #if defined(LAZY_PS) 222 case 'f': 223 if (getuid() == 0 || getgid() == 0) 224 forceuread = 1; 225 break; 226 #endif 227 case 'p': 228 pid = atol(optarg); 229 xflg = 1; 230 break; 231 case 'r': 232 sortby = SORTCPU; 233 break; 234 case 'S': 235 sumrusage = 1; 236 break; 237 case 'T': 238 if ((optarg = ttyname(STDIN_FILENO)) == NULL) 239 errx(1, "stdin: not a terminal"); 240 /* FALLTHROUGH */ 241 case 't': { 242 struct stat sb; 243 char pathbuf[PATH_MAX]; 244 const char *ttypath; 245 246 if (strcmp(optarg, "co") == 0) 247 ttypath = _PATH_CONSOLE; 248 else if (*optarg != '/') { 249 snprintf(pathbuf, 250 sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s", _PATH_TTY, optarg); 251 ttypath = pathbuf; 252 } else 253 ttypath = optarg; 254 if (stat(ttypath, &sb) == -1) 255 err(1, "%s", ttypath); 256 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 257 errx(1, "%s: not a terminal", ttypath); 258 ttydev = sb.st_rdev; 259 break; 260 } 261 case 'U': 262 uids = getuids(optarg, &nuids); 263 xflg++; /* XXX: intuitive? */ 264 break; 265 case 'u': 266 parsefmt(ufmt); 267 sortby = SORTCPU; 268 fmt = 1; 269 ufmt[0] = '\0'; 270 break; 271 case 'v': 272 parsefmt(vfmt); 273 sortby = SORTMEM; 274 fmt = 1; 275 vfmt[0] = '\0'; 276 break; 277 case 'w': 278 if (wflag) 279 termwidth = UNLIMITED; 280 else if (termwidth < 131) 281 termwidth = 131; 282 wflag++; 283 break; 284 case 'x': 285 xflg = 1; 286 break; 287 case 'y': 288 parsefmt(yfmt); 289 fmt = 1; 290 yfmt[0] = '\0'; 291 /* fall through */ 292 case 'Y': 293 sortby = SORTIAC; 294 break; 295 case '?': 296 default: 297 usage(); 298 } 299 argc -= optind; 300 argv += optind; 301 302 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 303 #ifdef BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY 304 if (*argv) { 305 nlistf = *argv; 306 if (*++argv) { 307 memf = *argv; 308 } 309 } 310 #endif 311 /* 312 * Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad 313 * guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory. 314 */ 315 if (dropgid) { 316 setgid(getgid()); 317 setuid(getuid()); 318 } 319 320 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf); 321 if (kd == 0) 322 errx(1, "%s", errbuf); 323 324 if (!fmt) 325 parsefmt(dfmt); 326 327 /* XXX - should be cleaner */ 328 if (!all && ttydev == NODEV && pid == -1 && !nuids) { 329 if ((uids = malloc(sizeof (*uids))) == NULL) 330 errx(1, "malloc: %s", strerror(errno)); 331 nuids = 1; 332 *uids = getuid(); 333 } 334 335 /* 336 * scan requested variables, noting what structures are needed, 337 * and adjusting header widths as appropriate. 338 */ 339 scanvars(); 340 341 /* 342 * Get boot time 343 */ 344 if (sysctlbyname("kern.boottime", &btime, &btime_size, NULL, 0) < 0) { 345 perror("sysctl: kern.boottime"); 346 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 347 } 348 349 /* 350 * Get number of cpus 351 */ 352 if (sysctlbyname("hw.ncpu", &numcpus, &numcpus_size, NULL, 0) < 0) 353 numcpus = 1; 354 355 /* 356 * get proc list 357 */ 358 if (nuids == 1) { 359 what = KERN_PROC_UID; 360 flag = *uids; 361 } else if (ttydev != NODEV) { 362 what = KERN_PROC_TTY; 363 flag = ttydev; 364 } else if (pid != -1) { 365 what = KERN_PROC_PID; 366 flag = pid; 367 } else { 368 what = KERN_PROC_ALL; 369 flag = 0; 370 } 371 /* 372 * select procs 373 */ 374 if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, what, flag, &nentries)) == NULL) 375 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd)); 376 if ((kinfo = malloc(nentries * sizeof(*kinfo))) == NULL) 377 err(1, NULL); 378 for (i = nentries; --i >= 0; ++kp) { 379 kinfo[i].ki_p = kp; 380 if (needuser) 381 saveuser(&kinfo[i]); 382 dynsizevars(&kinfo[i]); 383 } 384 385 sizevars(); 386 387 /* 388 * print header 389 */ 390 printheader(); 391 if (nentries == 0) 392 exit(1); 393 /* 394 * sort proc list 395 */ 396 qsort(kinfo, nentries, sizeof(KINFO), pscomp); 397 /* 398 * for each proc, call each variable output function. 399 */ 400 for (i = lineno = 0; i < nentries; i++) { 401 if (xflg == 0 && (KI_EPROC(&kinfo[i])->e_tdev == NODEV || 402 (KI_PROC(&kinfo[i])->p_flag & P_CONTROLT ) == 0)) 403 continue; 404 if (nuids > 1) { 405 for (uid = 0; uid < nuids; uid++) 406 if (KI_EPROC(&kinfo[i])->e_ucred.cr_uid == 407 uids[uid]) 408 break; 409 if (uid == nuids) 410 continue; 411 } 412 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 413 (vent->var->oproc)(&kinfo[i], vent); 414 if (STAILQ_NEXT(vent, link) != NULL) 415 putchar(' '); 416 } 417 putchar('\n'); 418 if (prtheader && lineno++ == prtheader - 4) { 419 putchar('\n'); 420 printheader(); 421 lineno = 0; 422 } 423 } 424 free(uids); 425 426 exit(eval); 427 } 428 429 uid_t * 430 getuids(const char *arg, int *nuids) 431 { 432 char name[UT_NAMESIZE + 1]; 433 struct passwd *pwd; 434 uid_t *uids, *moreuids; 435 size_t l; 436 int alloc; 437 438 439 alloc = 0; 440 *nuids = 0; 441 uids = NULL; 442 for (; (l = strcspn(arg, SEP)) > 0; arg += l + strspn(arg + l, SEP)) { 443 if (l >= sizeof name) { 444 warnx("%.*s: name too long", (int)l, arg); 445 continue; 446 } 447 strncpy(name, arg, l); 448 name[l] = '\0'; 449 if ((pwd = getpwnam(name)) == NULL) { 450 warnx("%s: no such user", name); 451 continue; 452 } 453 if (*nuids >= alloc) { 454 alloc = (alloc + 1) << 1; 455 moreuids = realloc(uids, alloc * sizeof (*uids)); 456 if (moreuids == NULL) { 457 free(uids); 458 errx(1, "realloc: %s", strerror(errno)); 459 } 460 uids = moreuids; 461 } 462 uids[(*nuids)++] = pwd->pw_uid; 463 } 464 endpwent(); 465 466 if (!*nuids) 467 errx(1, "No users specified"); 468 469 return uids; 470 } 471 472 static void 473 scanvars(void) 474 { 475 struct varent *vent; 476 const VAR *v; 477 478 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 479 v = vent->var; 480 if (v->flag & DSIZ) { 481 vent->dwidth = v->width; 482 vent->width = 0; 483 } 484 if (v->flag & USER) 485 needuser = 1; 486 if (v->flag & COMM) 487 needcomm = 1; 488 } 489 } 490 491 static void 492 dynsizevars(KINFO *ki) 493 { 494 struct varent *vent; 495 const VAR *v; 496 int i; 497 498 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 499 v = vent->var; 500 if (!(v->flag & DSIZ)) 501 continue; 502 i = (v->sproc)( ki); 503 if (v->width < i) 504 vent->width = i; 505 if (v->width > vent->dwidth) 506 vent->width = vent->dwidth; 507 } 508 } 509 510 static void 511 sizevars(void) 512 { 513 struct varent *vent; 514 const VAR *v; 515 int i; 516 517 STAILQ_FOREACH(vent, &var_head, link) { 518 v = vent->var; 519 i = strlen(vent->header); 520 if (vent->width < i) 521 vent->width = i; 522 totwidth += vent->width + 1; /* +1 for space */ 523 } 524 totwidth--; 525 } 526 527 static const char * 528 getfmt(char **(*fn) (kvm_t *, const struct kinfo_proc *, int), KINFO *ki, char 529 *comm, int maxlen) 530 { 531 const char *s; 532 533 if ((s = 534 fmt_argv((*fn)(kd, ki->ki_p, termwidth), comm, maxlen)) == NULL) 535 err(1, NULL); 536 return (s); 537 } 538 539 #define UREADOK(ki) (forceuread || (KI_PROC(ki)->p_flag & P_INMEM)) 540 541 static void 542 saveuser(KINFO *ki) 543 { 544 struct usave *usp; 545 546 usp = &ki->ki_u; 547 548 if (KI_PROC(ki)->p_flag & P_INMEM) { 549 /* 550 * The u-area might be swapped out, and we can't get 551 * at it because we have a crashdump and no swap. 552 * If it's here fill in these fields, otherwise, just 553 * leave them 0. 554 */ 555 usp->u_start = KI_THREAD(ki)->td_start; 556 usp->u_ru = KI_EPROC(ki)->e_stats.p_ru; 557 usp->u_cru = KI_EPROC(ki)->e_stats.p_cru; 558 usp->u_valid = 1; 559 } else 560 usp->u_valid = 0; 561 /* 562 * save arguments if needed 563 */ 564 if (needcomm && (UREADOK(ki) || (KI_PROC(ki)->p_args != NULL))) { 565 ki->ki_args = getfmt(kvm_getargv, ki, KI_THREAD(ki)->td_comm, 566 MAXCOMLEN); 567 } else if (needcomm) { 568 char *tmp; 569 tmp = malloc(strlen(KI_THREAD(ki)->td_comm) + 3); 570 sprintf(tmp, "(%s)", KI_THREAD(ki)->td_comm); 571 ki->ki_args = tmp; 572 } else { 573 ki->ki_args = NULL; 574 } 575 if (needenv && UREADOK(ki)) { 576 ki->ki_env = getfmt(kvm_getenvv, ki, (char *)NULL, 0); 577 } else if (needenv) { 578 ki->ki_env = "()"; 579 } else { 580 ki->ki_env = NULL; 581 } 582 } 583 584 static int 585 pscomp(const void *a, const void *b) 586 { 587 int i; 588 #define VSIZE(k) (KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_dsize + KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_ssize + \ 589 KI_EPROC(k)->e_vm.vm_tsize) 590 591 if (sortby == SORTIAC) 592 return (KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a)->p_interactive - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b)->p_interactive); 593 if (sortby == SORTCPU) 594 return (getpcpu((const KINFO *)b) - getpcpu((const KINFO *)a)); 595 if (sortby == SORTMEM) 596 return (VSIZE((const KINFO *)b) - VSIZE((const KINFO *)a)); 597 i = KI_EPROC((const KINFO *)a)->e_tdev - KI_EPROC((const KINFO *)b)->e_tdev; 598 if (i == 0) 599 i = KI_PROC((const KINFO *)a)->p_pid - KI_PROC((const KINFO *)b)->p_pid; 600 return (i); 601 } 602 603 /* 604 * ICK (all for getopt), would rather hide the ugliness 605 * here than taint the main code. 606 * 607 * ps foo -> ps -foo 608 * ps 34 -> ps -p34 609 * 610 * The old convention that 't' with no trailing tty arg means the users 611 * tty, is only supported if argv[1] doesn't begin with a '-'. This same 612 * feature is available with the option 'T', which takes no argument. 613 */ 614 static char * 615 kludge_oldps_options(char *s) 616 { 617 size_t len; 618 char *newopts, *ns, *cp; 619 620 len = strlen(s); 621 if ((newopts = ns = malloc(len + 2)) == NULL) 622 err(1, NULL); 623 /* 624 * options begin with '-' 625 */ 626 if (*s != '-') 627 *ns++ = '-'; /* add option flag */ 628 /* 629 * gaze to end of argv[1] 630 */ 631 cp = s + len - 1; 632 /* 633 * if last letter is a 't' flag with no argument (in the context 634 * of the oldps options -- option string NOT starting with a '-' -- 635 * then convert to 'T' (meaning *this* terminal, i.e. ttyname(0)). 636 * 637 * However, if a flag accepting a string argument is found in the 638 * option string, the remainder of the string is the argument to 639 * that flag; do not modify that argument. 640 */ 641 if (strcspn(s, "MNOoU") == len && *cp == 't' && *s != '-') 642 *cp = 'T'; 643 else { 644 /* 645 * otherwise check for trailing number, which *may* be a 646 * pid. 647 */ 648 while (cp >= s && isdigit(*cp)) 649 --cp; 650 } 651 cp++; 652 memmove(ns, s, (size_t)(cp - s)); /* copy up to trailing number */ 653 ns += cp - s; 654 /* 655 * if there's a trailing number, and not a preceding 'p' (pid) or 656 * 't' (tty) flag, then assume it's a pid and insert a 'p' flag. 657 */ 658 if (isdigit(*cp) && 659 (cp == s || (cp[-1] != 't' && cp[-1] != 'p')) && 660 (cp - 1 == s || cp[-2] != 't')) 661 *ns++ = 'p'; 662 strcpy(ns, cp); /* and append the number */ 663 664 return (newopts); 665 } 666 667 static void 668 usage(void) 669 { 670 671 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n", 672 "usage: ps [-aChjlmrSTuvwx] [-O|o fmt] [-p pid] [-t tty] [-U user]", 673 " [-M core] [-N system]", 674 " ps [-L]"); 675 exit(1); 676 } 677