xref: /dragonfly/bin/sh/exec.c (revision af79c6e5)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Kenneth Almquist.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  * @(#)exec.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 6/8/95
37  * $FreeBSD: src/bin/sh/exec.c,v 1.14.2.4 2002/08/27 01:36:28 tjr Exp $
38  * $DragonFly: src/bin/sh/exec.c,v 1.3 2003/08/24 16:26:00 drhodus Exp $
39  */
40 
41 #include <sys/types.h>
42 #include <sys/stat.h>
43 #include <unistd.h>
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #include <stdlib.h>
47 
48 /*
49  * When commands are first encountered, they are entered in a hash table.
50  * This ensures that a full path search will not have to be done for them
51  * on each invocation.
52  *
53  * We should investigate converting to a linear search, even though that
54  * would make the command name "hash" a misnomer.
55  */
56 
57 #include "shell.h"
58 #include "main.h"
59 #include "nodes.h"
60 #include "parser.h"
61 #include "redir.h"
62 #include "eval.h"
63 #include "exec.h"
64 #include "builtins.h"
65 #include "var.h"
66 #include "options.h"
67 #include "input.h"
68 #include "output.h"
69 #include "syntax.h"
70 #include "memalloc.h"
71 #include "error.h"
72 #include "init.h"
73 #include "mystring.h"
74 #include "show.h"
75 #include "jobs.h"
76 #include "alias.h"
77 
78 
79 #define CMDTABLESIZE 31		/* should be prime */
80 #define ARB 1			/* actual size determined at run time */
81 
82 
83 
84 struct tblentry {
85 	struct tblentry *next;	/* next entry in hash chain */
86 	union param param;	/* definition of builtin function */
87 	short cmdtype;		/* index identifying command */
88 	char rehash;		/* if set, cd done since entry created */
89 	char cmdname[ARB];	/* name of command */
90 };
91 
92 
93 STATIC struct tblentry *cmdtable[CMDTABLESIZE];
94 STATIC int builtinloc = -1;		/* index in path of %builtin, or -1 */
95 int exerrno = 0;			/* Last exec error */
96 
97 
98 STATIC void tryexec(char *, char **, char **);
99 STATIC void printentry(struct tblentry *, int);
100 STATIC struct tblentry *cmdlookup(char *, int);
101 STATIC void delete_cmd_entry(void);
102 
103 
104 
105 /*
106  * Exec a program.  Never returns.  If you change this routine, you may
107  * have to change the find_command routine as well.
108  */
109 
110 void
111 shellexec(char **argv, char **envp, char *path, int index)
112 {
113 	char *cmdname;
114 	int e;
115 
116 	if (strchr(argv[0], '/') != NULL) {
117 		tryexec(argv[0], argv, envp);
118 		e = errno;
119 	} else {
120 		e = ENOENT;
121 		while ((cmdname = padvance(&path, argv[0])) != NULL) {
122 			if (--index < 0 && pathopt == NULL) {
123 				tryexec(cmdname, argv, envp);
124 				if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
125 					e = errno;
126 			}
127 			stunalloc(cmdname);
128 		}
129 	}
130 
131 	/* Map to POSIX errors */
132 	switch (e) {
133 	case EACCES:
134 		exerrno = 126;
135 		break;
136 	case ENOENT:
137 		exerrno = 127;
138 		break;
139 	default:
140 		exerrno = 2;
141 		break;
142 	}
143 	exerror(EXEXEC, "%s: %s", argv[0], errmsg(e, E_EXEC));
144 }
145 
146 
147 STATIC void
148 tryexec(char *cmd, char **argv, char **envp)
149 {
150 	int e;
151 
152 	execve(cmd, argv, envp);
153 	e = errno;
154 	if (e == ENOEXEC) {
155 		initshellproc();
156 		setinputfile(cmd, 0);
157 		commandname = arg0 = savestr(argv[0]);
158 		setparam(argv + 1);
159 		exraise(EXSHELLPROC);
160 		/*NOTREACHED*/
161 	}
162 	errno = e;
163 }
164 
165 /*
166  * Do a path search.  The variable path (passed by reference) should be
167  * set to the start of the path before the first call; padvance will update
168  * this value as it proceeds.  Successive calls to padvance will return
169  * the possible path expansions in sequence.  If an option (indicated by
170  * a percent sign) appears in the path entry then the global variable
171  * pathopt will be set to point to it; otherwise pathopt will be set to
172  * NULL.
173  */
174 
175 char *pathopt;
176 
177 char *
178 padvance(char **path, char *name)
179 {
180 	char *p, *q;
181 	char *start;
182 	int len;
183 
184 	if (*path == NULL)
185 		return NULL;
186 	start = *path;
187 	for (p = start ; *p && *p != ':' && *p != '%' ; p++);
188 	len = p - start + strlen(name) + 2;	/* "2" is for '/' and '\0' */
189 	while (stackblocksize() < len)
190 		growstackblock();
191 	q = stackblock();
192 	if (p != start) {
193 		memcpy(q, start, p - start);
194 		q += p - start;
195 		*q++ = '/';
196 	}
197 	strcpy(q, name);
198 	pathopt = NULL;
199 	if (*p == '%') {
200 		pathopt = ++p;
201 		while (*p && *p != ':')  p++;
202 	}
203 	if (*p == ':')
204 		*path = p + 1;
205 	else
206 		*path = NULL;
207 	return stalloc(len);
208 }
209 
210 
211 
212 /*** Command hashing code ***/
213 
214 
215 int
216 hashcmd(int argc __unused, char **argv __unused)
217 {
218 	struct tblentry **pp;
219 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
220 	int c;
221 	int verbose;
222 	struct cmdentry entry;
223 	char *name;
224 
225 	verbose = 0;
226 	while ((c = nextopt("rv")) != '\0') {
227 		if (c == 'r') {
228 			clearcmdentry(0);
229 		} else if (c == 'v') {
230 			verbose++;
231 		}
232 	}
233 	if (*argptr == NULL) {
234 		for (pp = cmdtable ; pp < &cmdtable[CMDTABLESIZE] ; pp++) {
235 			for (cmdp = *pp ; cmdp ; cmdp = cmdp->next) {
236 				if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDNORMAL)
237 					printentry(cmdp, verbose);
238 			}
239 		}
240 		return 0;
241 	}
242 	while ((name = *argptr) != NULL) {
243 		if ((cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 0)) != NULL
244 		 && (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDNORMAL
245 		     || (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN && builtinloc >= 0)))
246 			delete_cmd_entry();
247 		find_command(name, &entry, 1, pathval());
248 		if (verbose) {
249 			if (entry.cmdtype != CMDUNKNOWN) {	/* if no error msg */
250 				cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 0);
251 				if (cmdp != NULL)
252 					printentry(cmdp, verbose);
253 				else
254 					outfmt(&errout, "%s: not found\n", name);
255 			}
256 			flushall();
257 		}
258 		argptr++;
259 	}
260 	return 0;
261 }
262 
263 
264 STATIC void
265 printentry(struct tblentry *cmdp, int verbose)
266 {
267 	int index;
268 	char *path;
269 	char *name;
270 
271 	if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDNORMAL) {
272 		index = cmdp->param.index;
273 		path = pathval();
274 		do {
275 			name = padvance(&path, cmdp->cmdname);
276 			stunalloc(name);
277 		} while (--index >= 0);
278 		out1str(name);
279 	} else if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN) {
280 		out1fmt("builtin %s", cmdp->cmdname);
281 	} else if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDFUNCTION) {
282 		out1fmt("function %s", cmdp->cmdname);
283 		if (verbose) {
284 			INTOFF;
285 			name = commandtext(cmdp->param.func);
286 			out1c(' ');
287 			out1str(name);
288 			ckfree(name);
289 			INTON;
290 		}
291 #ifdef DEBUG
292 	} else {
293 		error("internal error: cmdtype %d", cmdp->cmdtype);
294 #endif
295 	}
296 	if (cmdp->rehash)
297 		out1c('*');
298 	out1c('\n');
299 }
300 
301 
302 
303 /*
304  * Resolve a command name.  If you change this routine, you may have to
305  * change the shellexec routine as well.
306  */
307 
308 void
309 find_command(char *name, struct cmdentry *entry, int printerr, char *path)
310 {
311 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
312 	int index;
313 	int prev;
314 	char *fullname;
315 	struct stat statb;
316 	int e;
317 	int i;
318 
319 	/* If name contains a slash, don't use the hash table */
320 	if (strchr(name, '/') != NULL) {
321 		entry->cmdtype = CMDNORMAL;
322 		entry->u.index = 0;
323 		return;
324 	}
325 
326 	/* If name is in the table, and not invalidated by cd, we're done */
327 	if ((cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 0)) != NULL && cmdp->rehash == 0)
328 		goto success;
329 
330 	/* If %builtin not in path, check for builtin next */
331 	if (builtinloc < 0 && (i = find_builtin(name)) >= 0) {
332 		INTOFF;
333 		cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 1);
334 		cmdp->cmdtype = CMDBUILTIN;
335 		cmdp->param.index = i;
336 		INTON;
337 		goto success;
338 	}
339 
340 	/* We have to search path. */
341 	prev = -1;		/* where to start */
342 	if (cmdp) {		/* doing a rehash */
343 		if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN)
344 			prev = builtinloc;
345 		else
346 			prev = cmdp->param.index;
347 	}
348 
349 	e = ENOENT;
350 	index = -1;
351 loop:
352 	while ((fullname = padvance(&path, name)) != NULL) {
353 		stunalloc(fullname);
354 		index++;
355 		if (pathopt) {
356 			if (prefix("builtin", pathopt)) {
357 				if ((i = find_builtin(name)) < 0)
358 					goto loop;
359 				INTOFF;
360 				cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 1);
361 				cmdp->cmdtype = CMDBUILTIN;
362 				cmdp->param.index = i;
363 				INTON;
364 				goto success;
365 			} else if (prefix("func", pathopt)) {
366 				/* handled below */
367 			} else {
368 				goto loop;	/* ignore unimplemented options */
369 			}
370 		}
371 		/* if rehash, don't redo absolute path names */
372 		if (fullname[0] == '/' && index <= prev) {
373 			if (index < prev)
374 				goto loop;
375 			TRACE(("searchexec \"%s\": no change\n", name));
376 			goto success;
377 		}
378 		if (stat(fullname, &statb) < 0) {
379 			if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
380 				e = errno;
381 			goto loop;
382 		}
383 		e = EACCES;	/* if we fail, this will be the error */
384 		if (!S_ISREG(statb.st_mode))
385 			goto loop;
386 		if (pathopt) {		/* this is a %func directory */
387 			stalloc(strlen(fullname) + 1);
388 			readcmdfile(fullname);
389 			if ((cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 0)) == NULL || cmdp->cmdtype != CMDFUNCTION)
390 				error("%s not defined in %s", name, fullname);
391 			stunalloc(fullname);
392 			goto success;
393 		}
394 #ifdef notdef
395 		if (statb.st_uid == geteuid()) {
396 			if ((statb.st_mode & 0100) == 0)
397 				goto loop;
398 		} else if (statb.st_gid == getegid()) {
399 			if ((statb.st_mode & 010) == 0)
400 				goto loop;
401 		} else {
402 			if ((statb.st_mode & 01) == 0)
403 				goto loop;
404 		}
405 #endif
406 		TRACE(("searchexec \"%s\" returns \"%s\"\n", name, fullname));
407 		INTOFF;
408 		cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 1);
409 		cmdp->cmdtype = CMDNORMAL;
410 		cmdp->param.index = index;
411 		INTON;
412 		goto success;
413 	}
414 
415 	/* We failed.  If there was an entry for this command, delete it */
416 	if (cmdp)
417 		delete_cmd_entry();
418 	if (printerr)
419 		outfmt(out2, "%s: %s\n", name, errmsg(e, E_EXEC));
420 	entry->cmdtype = CMDUNKNOWN;
421 	return;
422 
423 success:
424 	cmdp->rehash = 0;
425 	entry->cmdtype = cmdp->cmdtype;
426 	entry->u = cmdp->param;
427 }
428 
429 
430 
431 /*
432  * Search the table of builtin commands.
433  */
434 
435 int
436 find_builtin(char *name)
437 {
438 	const struct builtincmd *bp;
439 
440 	for (bp = builtincmd ; bp->name ; bp++) {
441 		if (*bp->name == *name && equal(bp->name, name))
442 			return bp->code;
443 	}
444 	return -1;
445 }
446 
447 
448 
449 /*
450  * Called when a cd is done.  Marks all commands so the next time they
451  * are executed they will be rehashed.
452  */
453 
454 void
455 hashcd(void)
456 {
457 	struct tblentry **pp;
458 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
459 
460 	for (pp = cmdtable ; pp < &cmdtable[CMDTABLESIZE] ; pp++) {
461 		for (cmdp = *pp ; cmdp ; cmdp = cmdp->next) {
462 			if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDNORMAL
463 			 || (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN && builtinloc >= 0))
464 				cmdp->rehash = 1;
465 		}
466 	}
467 }
468 
469 
470 
471 /*
472  * Called before PATH is changed.  The argument is the new value of PATH;
473  * pathval() still returns the old value at this point.  Called with
474  * interrupts off.
475  */
476 
477 void
478 changepath(const char *newval)
479 {
480 	const char *old, *new;
481 	int index;
482 	int firstchange;
483 	int bltin;
484 
485 	old = pathval();
486 	new = newval;
487 	firstchange = 9999;	/* assume no change */
488 	index = 0;
489 	bltin = -1;
490 	for (;;) {
491 		if (*old != *new) {
492 			firstchange = index;
493 			if ((*old == '\0' && *new == ':')
494 			 || (*old == ':' && *new == '\0'))
495 				firstchange++;
496 			old = new;	/* ignore subsequent differences */
497 		}
498 		if (*new == '\0')
499 			break;
500 		if (*new == '%' && bltin < 0 && prefix("builtin", new + 1))
501 			bltin = index;
502 		if (*new == ':') {
503 			index++;
504 		}
505 		new++, old++;
506 	}
507 	if (builtinloc < 0 && bltin >= 0)
508 		builtinloc = bltin;		/* zap builtins */
509 	if (builtinloc >= 0 && bltin < 0)
510 		firstchange = 0;
511 	clearcmdentry(firstchange);
512 	builtinloc = bltin;
513 }
514 
515 
516 /*
517  * Clear out command entries.  The argument specifies the first entry in
518  * PATH which has changed.
519  */
520 
521 void
522 clearcmdentry(int firstchange)
523 {
524 	struct tblentry **tblp;
525 	struct tblentry **pp;
526 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
527 
528 	INTOFF;
529 	for (tblp = cmdtable ; tblp < &cmdtable[CMDTABLESIZE] ; tblp++) {
530 		pp = tblp;
531 		while ((cmdp = *pp) != NULL) {
532 			if ((cmdp->cmdtype == CMDNORMAL &&
533 			     cmdp->param.index >= firstchange)
534 			 || (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDBUILTIN &&
535 			     builtinloc >= firstchange)) {
536 				*pp = cmdp->next;
537 				ckfree(cmdp);
538 			} else {
539 				pp = &cmdp->next;
540 			}
541 		}
542 	}
543 	INTON;
544 }
545 
546 
547 /*
548  * Delete all functions.
549  */
550 
551 #ifdef mkinit
552 MKINIT void deletefuncs();
553 
554 SHELLPROC {
555 	deletefuncs();
556 }
557 #endif
558 
559 void
560 deletefuncs(void)
561 {
562 	struct tblentry **tblp;
563 	struct tblentry **pp;
564 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
565 
566 	INTOFF;
567 	for (tblp = cmdtable ; tblp < &cmdtable[CMDTABLESIZE] ; tblp++) {
568 		pp = tblp;
569 		while ((cmdp = *pp) != NULL) {
570 			if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDFUNCTION) {
571 				*pp = cmdp->next;
572 				freefunc(cmdp->param.func);
573 				ckfree(cmdp);
574 			} else {
575 				pp = &cmdp->next;
576 			}
577 		}
578 	}
579 	INTON;
580 }
581 
582 
583 
584 /*
585  * Locate a command in the command hash table.  If "add" is nonzero,
586  * add the command to the table if it is not already present.  The
587  * variable "lastcmdentry" is set to point to the address of the link
588  * pointing to the entry, so that delete_cmd_entry can delete the
589  * entry.
590  */
591 
592 STATIC struct tblentry **lastcmdentry;
593 
594 
595 STATIC struct tblentry *
596 cmdlookup(char *name, int add)
597 {
598 	int hashval;
599 	char *p;
600 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
601 	struct tblentry **pp;
602 
603 	p = name;
604 	hashval = *p << 4;
605 	while (*p)
606 		hashval += *p++;
607 	hashval &= 0x7FFF;
608 	pp = &cmdtable[hashval % CMDTABLESIZE];
609 	for (cmdp = *pp ; cmdp ; cmdp = cmdp->next) {
610 		if (equal(cmdp->cmdname, name))
611 			break;
612 		pp = &cmdp->next;
613 	}
614 	if (add && cmdp == NULL) {
615 		INTOFF;
616 		cmdp = *pp = ckmalloc(sizeof (struct tblentry) - ARB
617 					+ strlen(name) + 1);
618 		cmdp->next = NULL;
619 		cmdp->cmdtype = CMDUNKNOWN;
620 		cmdp->rehash = 0;
621 		strcpy(cmdp->cmdname, name);
622 		INTON;
623 	}
624 	lastcmdentry = pp;
625 	return cmdp;
626 }
627 
628 /*
629  * Delete the command entry returned on the last lookup.
630  */
631 
632 STATIC void
633 delete_cmd_entry(void)
634 {
635 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
636 
637 	INTOFF;
638 	cmdp = *lastcmdentry;
639 	*lastcmdentry = cmdp->next;
640 	ckfree(cmdp);
641 	INTON;
642 }
643 
644 
645 
646 /*
647  * Add a new command entry, replacing any existing command entry for
648  * the same name.
649  */
650 
651 void
652 addcmdentry(char *name, struct cmdentry *entry)
653 {
654 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
655 
656 	INTOFF;
657 	cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 1);
658 	if (cmdp->cmdtype == CMDFUNCTION) {
659 		freefunc(cmdp->param.func);
660 	}
661 	cmdp->cmdtype = entry->cmdtype;
662 	cmdp->param = entry->u;
663 	INTON;
664 }
665 
666 
667 /*
668  * Define a shell function.
669  */
670 
671 void
672 defun(char *name, union node *func)
673 {
674 	struct cmdentry entry;
675 
676 	INTOFF;
677 	entry.cmdtype = CMDFUNCTION;
678 	entry.u.func = copyfunc(func);
679 	addcmdentry(name, &entry);
680 	INTON;
681 }
682 
683 
684 /*
685  * Delete a function if it exists.
686  */
687 
688 int
689 unsetfunc(char *name)
690 {
691 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
692 
693 	if ((cmdp = cmdlookup(name, 0)) != NULL && cmdp->cmdtype == CMDFUNCTION) {
694 		freefunc(cmdp->param.func);
695 		delete_cmd_entry();
696 		return (0);
697 	}
698 	return (1);
699 }
700 
701 /*
702  * Locate and print what a word is...
703  */
704 
705 int
706 typecmd(int argc, char **argv)
707 {
708 	struct cmdentry entry;
709 	struct tblentry *cmdp;
710 	char **pp;
711 	struct alias *ap;
712 	int i;
713 	int error = 0;
714 	extern char *const parsekwd[];
715 
716 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
717 		out1str(argv[i]);
718 		/* First look at the keywords */
719 		for (pp = (char **)parsekwd; *pp; pp++)
720 			if (**pp == *argv[i] && equal(*pp, argv[i]))
721 				break;
722 
723 		if (*pp) {
724 			out1str(" is a shell keyword\n");
725 			continue;
726 		}
727 
728 		/* Then look at the aliases */
729 		if ((ap = lookupalias(argv[i], 1)) != NULL) {
730 			out1fmt(" is an alias for %s\n", ap->val);
731 			continue;
732 		}
733 
734 		/* Then check if it is a tracked alias */
735 		if ((cmdp = cmdlookup(argv[i], 0)) != NULL) {
736 			entry.cmdtype = cmdp->cmdtype;
737 			entry.u = cmdp->param;
738 		}
739 		else {
740 			/* Finally use brute force */
741 			find_command(argv[i], &entry, 0, pathval());
742 		}
743 
744 		switch (entry.cmdtype) {
745 		case CMDNORMAL: {
746 			if (strchr(argv[i], '/') == NULL) {
747 				char *path = pathval(), *name;
748 				int j = entry.u.index;
749 				do {
750 					name = padvance(&path, argv[i]);
751 					stunalloc(name);
752 				} while (--j >= 0);
753 				out1fmt(" is%s %s\n",
754 				    cmdp ? " a tracked alias for" : "", name);
755 			} else {
756 				if (access(argv[i], X_OK) == 0)
757 					out1fmt(" is %s\n", argv[i]);
758 				else
759 					out1fmt(": %s\n", strerror(errno));
760 			}
761 			break;
762 		}
763 		case CMDFUNCTION:
764 			out1str(" is a shell function\n");
765 			break;
766 
767 		case CMDBUILTIN:
768 			out1str(" is a shell builtin\n");
769 			break;
770 
771 		default:
772 			out1str(": not found\n");
773 			error |= 127;
774 			break;
775 		}
776 	}
777 	return error;
778 }
779