xref: /dragonfly/contrib/gcc-4.7/gcc/cp/call.c (revision ed36d35d)
1 /* Functions related to invoking methods and overloaded functions.
2    Copyright (C) 1987, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
3    1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009,
4    2010, 2011, 2012
5    Free Software Foundation, Inc.
6    Contributed by Michael Tiemann (tiemann@cygnus.com) and
7    modified by Brendan Kehoe (brendan@cygnus.com).
8 
9 This file is part of GCC.
10 
11 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
14 any later version.
15 
16 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
19 GNU General Public License for more details.
20 
21 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
23 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
24 
25 
26 /* High-level class interface.  */
27 
28 #include "config.h"
29 #include "system.h"
30 #include "coretypes.h"
31 #include "tm.h"
32 #include "tree.h"
33 #include "cp-tree.h"
34 #include "output.h"
35 #include "flags.h"
36 #include "toplev.h"
37 #include "diagnostic-core.h"
38 #include "intl.h"
39 #include "target.h"
40 #include "convert.h"
41 #include "langhooks.h"
42 #include "c-family/c-objc.h"
43 #include "timevar.h"
44 
45 /* The various kinds of conversion.  */
46 
47 typedef enum conversion_kind {
48   ck_identity,
49   ck_lvalue,
50   ck_qual,
51   ck_std,
52   ck_ptr,
53   ck_pmem,
54   ck_base,
55   ck_ref_bind,
56   ck_user,
57   ck_ambig,
58   ck_list,
59   ck_aggr,
60   ck_rvalue
61 } conversion_kind;
62 
63 /* The rank of the conversion.  Order of the enumerals matters; better
64    conversions should come earlier in the list.  */
65 
66 typedef enum conversion_rank {
67   cr_identity,
68   cr_exact,
69   cr_promotion,
70   cr_std,
71   cr_pbool,
72   cr_user,
73   cr_ellipsis,
74   cr_bad
75 } conversion_rank;
76 
77 /* An implicit conversion sequence, in the sense of [over.best.ics].
78    The first conversion to be performed is at the end of the chain.
79    That conversion is always a cr_identity conversion.  */
80 
81 typedef struct conversion conversion;
82 struct conversion {
83   /* The kind of conversion represented by this step.  */
84   conversion_kind kind;
85   /* The rank of this conversion.  */
86   conversion_rank rank;
87   BOOL_BITFIELD user_conv_p : 1;
88   BOOL_BITFIELD ellipsis_p : 1;
89   BOOL_BITFIELD this_p : 1;
90   /* True if this conversion would be permitted with a bending of
91      language standards, e.g. disregarding pointer qualifiers or
92      converting integers to pointers.  */
93   BOOL_BITFIELD bad_p : 1;
94   /* If KIND is ck_ref_bind ck_base_conv, true to indicate that a
95      temporary should be created to hold the result of the
96      conversion.  */
97   BOOL_BITFIELD need_temporary_p : 1;
98   /* If KIND is ck_ptr or ck_pmem, true to indicate that a conversion
99      from a pointer-to-derived to pointer-to-base is being performed.  */
100   BOOL_BITFIELD base_p : 1;
101   /* If KIND is ck_ref_bind, true when either an lvalue reference is
102      being bound to an lvalue expression or an rvalue reference is
103      being bound to an rvalue expression.  If KIND is ck_rvalue,
104      true when we should treat an lvalue as an rvalue (12.8p33).  If
105      KIND is ck_base, always false.  */
106   BOOL_BITFIELD rvaluedness_matches_p: 1;
107   BOOL_BITFIELD check_narrowing: 1;
108   /* The type of the expression resulting from the conversion.  */
109   tree type;
110   union {
111     /* The next conversion in the chain.  Since the conversions are
112        arranged from outermost to innermost, the NEXT conversion will
113        actually be performed before this conversion.  This variant is
114        used only when KIND is neither ck_identity, ck_ambig nor
115        ck_list.  Please use the next_conversion function instead
116        of using this field directly.  */
117     conversion *next;
118     /* The expression at the beginning of the conversion chain.  This
119        variant is used only if KIND is ck_identity or ck_ambig.  */
120     tree expr;
121     /* The array of conversions for an initializer_list, so this
122        variant is used only when KIN D is ck_list.  */
123     conversion **list;
124   } u;
125   /* The function candidate corresponding to this conversion
126      sequence.  This field is only used if KIND is ck_user.  */
127   struct z_candidate *cand;
128 };
129 
130 #define CONVERSION_RANK(NODE)			\
131   ((NODE)->bad_p ? cr_bad			\
132    : (NODE)->ellipsis_p ? cr_ellipsis		\
133    : (NODE)->user_conv_p ? cr_user		\
134    : (NODE)->rank)
135 
136 #define BAD_CONVERSION_RANK(NODE)		\
137   ((NODE)->ellipsis_p ? cr_ellipsis		\
138    : (NODE)->user_conv_p ? cr_user		\
139    : (NODE)->rank)
140 
141 static struct obstack conversion_obstack;
142 static bool conversion_obstack_initialized;
143 struct rejection_reason;
144 
145 static struct z_candidate * tourney (struct z_candidate *);
146 static int equal_functions (tree, tree);
147 static int joust (struct z_candidate *, struct z_candidate *, bool);
148 static int compare_ics (conversion *, conversion *);
149 static tree build_over_call (struct z_candidate *, int, tsubst_flags_t);
150 static tree build_java_interface_fn_ref (tree, tree);
151 #define convert_like(CONV, EXPR, COMPLAIN)			\
152   convert_like_real ((CONV), (EXPR), NULL_TREE, 0, 0,		\
153 		     /*issue_conversion_warnings=*/true,	\
154 		     /*c_cast_p=*/false, (COMPLAIN))
155 #define convert_like_with_context(CONV, EXPR, FN, ARGNO, COMPLAIN )	\
156   convert_like_real ((CONV), (EXPR), (FN), (ARGNO), 0,			\
157 		     /*issue_conversion_warnings=*/true,		\
158 		     /*c_cast_p=*/false, (COMPLAIN))
159 static tree convert_like_real (conversion *, tree, tree, int, int, bool,
160 			       bool, tsubst_flags_t);
161 static void op_error (enum tree_code, enum tree_code, tree, tree,
162 		      tree, bool);
163 static struct z_candidate *build_user_type_conversion_1 (tree, tree, int);
164 static void print_z_candidate (const char *, struct z_candidate *);
165 static void print_z_candidates (location_t, struct z_candidate *);
166 static tree build_this (tree);
167 static struct z_candidate *splice_viable (struct z_candidate *, bool, bool *);
168 static bool any_strictly_viable (struct z_candidate *);
169 static struct z_candidate *add_template_candidate
170 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *,
171 	 tree, tree, tree, int, unification_kind_t);
172 static struct z_candidate *add_template_candidate_real
173 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *,
174 	 tree, tree, tree, int, tree, unification_kind_t);
175 static struct z_candidate *add_template_conv_candidate
176 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *, tree,
177 	 tree, tree);
178 static void add_builtin_candidates
179 	(struct z_candidate **, enum tree_code, enum tree_code,
180 	 tree, tree *, int);
181 static void add_builtin_candidate
182 	(struct z_candidate **, enum tree_code, enum tree_code,
183 	 tree, tree, tree, tree *, tree *, int);
184 static bool is_complete (tree);
185 static void build_builtin_candidate
186 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, tree, tree *, tree *,
187 	 int);
188 static struct z_candidate *add_conv_candidate
189 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *, tree,
190 	 tree);
191 static struct z_candidate *add_function_candidate
192 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *, tree,
193 	 tree, int);
194 static conversion *implicit_conversion (tree, tree, tree, bool, int);
195 static conversion *standard_conversion (tree, tree, tree, bool, int);
196 static conversion *reference_binding (tree, tree, tree, bool, int);
197 static conversion *build_conv (conversion_kind, tree, conversion *);
198 static conversion *build_list_conv (tree, tree, int);
199 static conversion *next_conversion (conversion *);
200 static bool is_subseq (conversion *, conversion *);
201 static conversion *maybe_handle_ref_bind (conversion **);
202 static void maybe_handle_implicit_object (conversion **);
203 static struct z_candidate *add_candidate
204 	(struct z_candidate **, tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *, size_t,
205 	 conversion **, tree, tree, int, struct rejection_reason *);
206 static tree source_type (conversion *);
207 static void add_warning (struct z_candidate *, struct z_candidate *);
208 static bool reference_compatible_p (tree, tree);
209 static conversion *direct_reference_binding (tree, conversion *);
210 static bool promoted_arithmetic_type_p (tree);
211 static conversion *conditional_conversion (tree, tree);
212 static char *name_as_c_string (tree, tree, bool *);
213 static tree prep_operand (tree);
214 static void add_candidates (tree, tree, const VEC(tree,gc) *, tree, tree, bool,
215 			    tree, tree, int, struct z_candidate **);
216 static conversion *merge_conversion_sequences (conversion *, conversion *);
217 static bool magic_varargs_p (tree);
218 static tree build_temp (tree, tree, int, diagnostic_t *, tsubst_flags_t);
219 
220 /* Returns nonzero iff the destructor name specified in NAME matches BASETYPE.
221    NAME can take many forms...  */
222 
223 bool
224 check_dtor_name (tree basetype, tree name)
225 {
226   /* Just accept something we've already complained about.  */
227   if (name == error_mark_node)
228     return true;
229 
230   if (TREE_CODE (name) == TYPE_DECL)
231     name = TREE_TYPE (name);
232   else if (TYPE_P (name))
233     /* OK */;
234   else if (TREE_CODE (name) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
235     {
236       if ((MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (basetype)
237 	   && name == constructor_name (basetype))
238 	  || (TREE_CODE (basetype) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
239 	      && name == TYPE_IDENTIFIER (basetype)))
240 	return true;
241       else
242 	name = get_type_value (name);
243     }
244   else
245     {
246       /* In the case of:
247 
248 	 template <class T> struct S { ~S(); };
249 	 int i;
250 	 i.~S();
251 
252 	 NAME will be a class template.  */
253       gcc_assert (DECL_CLASS_TEMPLATE_P (name));
254       return false;
255     }
256 
257   if (!name || name == error_mark_node)
258     return false;
259   return same_type_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (basetype), TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (name));
260 }
261 
262 /* We want the address of a function or method.  We avoid creating a
263    pointer-to-member function.  */
264 
265 tree
266 build_addr_func (tree function)
267 {
268   tree type = TREE_TYPE (function);
269 
270   /* We have to do these by hand to avoid real pointer to member
271      functions.  */
272   if (TREE_CODE (type) == METHOD_TYPE)
273     {
274       if (TREE_CODE (function) == OFFSET_REF)
275 	{
276 	  tree object = build_address (TREE_OPERAND (function, 0));
277 	  return get_member_function_from_ptrfunc (&object,
278 						   TREE_OPERAND (function, 1));
279 	}
280       function = build_address (function);
281     }
282   else
283     function = decay_conversion (function);
284 
285   return function;
286 }
287 
288 /* Build a CALL_EXPR, we can handle FUNCTION_TYPEs, METHOD_TYPEs, or
289    POINTER_TYPE to those.  Note, pointer to member function types
290    (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P) must be handled by our callers.  There are
291    two variants.  build_call_a is the primitive taking an array of
292    arguments, while build_call_n is a wrapper that handles varargs.  */
293 
294 tree
295 build_call_n (tree function, int n, ...)
296 {
297   if (n == 0)
298     return build_call_a (function, 0, NULL);
299   else
300     {
301       tree *argarray = XALLOCAVEC (tree, n);
302       va_list ap;
303       int i;
304 
305       va_start (ap, n);
306       for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
307 	argarray[i] = va_arg (ap, tree);
308       va_end (ap);
309       return build_call_a (function, n, argarray);
310     }
311 }
312 
313 /* Update various flags in cfun and the call itself based on what is being
314    called.  Split out of build_call_a so that bot_manip can use it too.  */
315 
316 void
317 set_flags_from_callee (tree call)
318 {
319   int nothrow;
320   tree decl = get_callee_fndecl (call);
321 
322   /* We check both the decl and the type; a function may be known not to
323      throw without being declared throw().  */
324   nothrow = ((decl && TREE_NOTHROW (decl))
325 	     || TYPE_NOTHROW_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_FN (call)))));
326 
327   if (!nothrow && at_function_scope_p () && cfun && cp_function_chain)
328     cp_function_chain->can_throw = 1;
329 
330   if (decl && TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (decl) && cfun && cp_function_chain)
331     current_function_returns_abnormally = 1;
332 
333   TREE_NOTHROW (call) = nothrow;
334 }
335 
336 tree
337 build_call_a (tree function, int n, tree *argarray)
338 {
339   tree decl;
340   tree result_type;
341   tree fntype;
342   int i;
343 
344   function = build_addr_func (function);
345 
346   gcc_assert (TYPE_PTR_P (TREE_TYPE (function)));
347   fntype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (function));
348   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (fntype) == FUNCTION_TYPE
349 	      || TREE_CODE (fntype) == METHOD_TYPE);
350   result_type = TREE_TYPE (fntype);
351   /* An rvalue has no cv-qualifiers.  */
352   if (SCALAR_TYPE_P (result_type) || VOID_TYPE_P (result_type))
353     result_type = cv_unqualified (result_type);
354 
355   function = build_call_array_loc (input_location,
356 				   result_type, function, n, argarray);
357   set_flags_from_callee (function);
358 
359   decl = get_callee_fndecl (function);
360 
361   if (decl && !TREE_USED (decl))
362     {
363       /* We invoke build_call directly for several library
364 	 functions.  These may have been declared normally if
365 	 we're building libgcc, so we can't just check
366 	 DECL_ARTIFICIAL.  */
367       gcc_assert (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl)
368 		  || !strncmp (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_NAME (decl)),
369 			       "__", 2));
370       mark_used (decl);
371     }
372 
373   if (decl && TREE_DEPRECATED (decl))
374     warn_deprecated_use (decl, NULL_TREE);
375   require_complete_eh_spec_types (fntype, decl);
376 
377   TREE_HAS_CONSTRUCTOR (function) = (decl && DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (decl));
378 
379   /* Don't pass empty class objects by value.  This is useful
380      for tags in STL, which are used to control overload resolution.
381      We don't need to handle other cases of copying empty classes.  */
382   if (! decl || ! DECL_BUILT_IN (decl))
383     for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
384       {
385 	tree arg = CALL_EXPR_ARG (function, i);
386 	if (is_empty_class (TREE_TYPE (arg))
387 	    && ! TREE_ADDRESSABLE (TREE_TYPE (arg)))
388 	  {
389 	    tree t = build0 (EMPTY_CLASS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (arg));
390 	    arg = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (t), arg, t);
391 	    CALL_EXPR_ARG (function, i) = arg;
392 	  }
393       }
394 
395   return function;
396 }
397 
398 /* Build something of the form ptr->method (args)
399    or object.method (args).  This can also build
400    calls to constructors, and find friends.
401 
402    Member functions always take their class variable
403    as a pointer.
404 
405    INSTANCE is a class instance.
406 
407    NAME is the name of the method desired, usually an IDENTIFIER_NODE.
408 
409    PARMS help to figure out what that NAME really refers to.
410 
411    BASETYPE_PATH, if non-NULL, contains a chain from the type of INSTANCE
412    down to the real instance type to use for access checking.  We need this
413    information to get protected accesses correct.
414 
415    FLAGS is the logical disjunction of zero or more LOOKUP_
416    flags.  See cp-tree.h for more info.
417 
418    If this is all OK, calls build_function_call with the resolved
419    member function.
420 
421    This function must also handle being called to perform
422    initialization, promotion/coercion of arguments, and
423    instantiation of default parameters.
424 
425    Note that NAME may refer to an instance variable name.  If
426    `operator()()' is defined for the type of that field, then we return
427    that result.  */
428 
429 /* New overloading code.  */
430 
431 typedef struct z_candidate z_candidate;
432 
433 typedef struct candidate_warning candidate_warning;
434 struct candidate_warning {
435   z_candidate *loser;
436   candidate_warning *next;
437 };
438 
439 /* Information for providing diagnostics about why overloading failed.  */
440 
441 enum rejection_reason_code {
442   rr_none,
443   rr_arity,
444   rr_explicit_conversion,
445   rr_template_conversion,
446   rr_arg_conversion,
447   rr_bad_arg_conversion,
448   rr_template_unification,
449   rr_template_instantiation,
450   rr_invalid_copy
451 };
452 
453 struct conversion_info {
454   /* The index of the argument, 0-based.  */
455   int n_arg;
456   /* The type of the actual argument.  */
457   tree from_type;
458   /* The type of the formal argument.  */
459   tree to_type;
460 };
461 
462 struct rejection_reason {
463   enum rejection_reason_code code;
464   union {
465     /* Information about an arity mismatch.  */
466     struct {
467       /* The expected number of arguments.  */
468       int expected;
469       /* The actual number of arguments in the call.  */
470       int actual;
471       /* Whether the call was a varargs call.  */
472       bool call_varargs_p;
473     } arity;
474     /* Information about an argument conversion mismatch.  */
475     struct conversion_info conversion;
476     /* Same, but for bad argument conversions.  */
477     struct conversion_info bad_conversion;
478     /* Information about template unification failures.  These are the
479        parameters passed to fn_type_unification.  */
480     struct {
481       tree tmpl;
482       tree explicit_targs;
483       tree targs;
484       const tree *args;
485       unsigned int nargs;
486       tree return_type;
487       unification_kind_t strict;
488       int flags;
489     } template_unification;
490     /* Information about template instantiation failures.  These are the
491        parameters passed to instantiate_template.  */
492     struct {
493       tree tmpl;
494       tree targs;
495     } template_instantiation;
496   } u;
497 };
498 
499 struct z_candidate {
500   /* The FUNCTION_DECL that will be called if this candidate is
501      selected by overload resolution.  */
502   tree fn;
503   /* If not NULL_TREE, the first argument to use when calling this
504      function.  */
505   tree first_arg;
506   /* The rest of the arguments to use when calling this function.  If
507      there are no further arguments this may be NULL or it may be an
508      empty vector.  */
509   const VEC(tree,gc) *args;
510   /* The implicit conversion sequences for each of the arguments to
511      FN.  */
512   conversion **convs;
513   /* The number of implicit conversion sequences.  */
514   size_t num_convs;
515   /* If FN is a user-defined conversion, the standard conversion
516      sequence from the type returned by FN to the desired destination
517      type.  */
518   conversion *second_conv;
519   int viable;
520   struct rejection_reason *reason;
521   /* If FN is a member function, the binfo indicating the path used to
522      qualify the name of FN at the call site.  This path is used to
523      determine whether or not FN is accessible if it is selected by
524      overload resolution.  The DECL_CONTEXT of FN will always be a
525      (possibly improper) base of this binfo.  */
526   tree access_path;
527   /* If FN is a non-static member function, the binfo indicating the
528      subobject to which the `this' pointer should be converted if FN
529      is selected by overload resolution.  The type pointed to by
530      the `this' pointer must correspond to the most derived class
531      indicated by the CONVERSION_PATH.  */
532   tree conversion_path;
533   tree template_decl;
534   tree explicit_targs;
535   candidate_warning *warnings;
536   z_candidate *next;
537 };
538 
539 /* Returns true iff T is a null pointer constant in the sense of
540    [conv.ptr].  */
541 
542 bool
543 null_ptr_cst_p (tree t)
544 {
545   /* [conv.ptr]
546 
547      A null pointer constant is an integral constant expression
548      (_expr.const_) rvalue of integer type that evaluates to zero or
549      an rvalue of type std::nullptr_t. */
550   if (NULLPTR_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t)))
551     return true;
552   if (CP_INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (t)))
553     {
554       /* Core issue 903 says only literal 0 is a null pointer constant.  */
555       if (cxx_dialect < cxx0x)
556 	t = integral_constant_value (t);
557       STRIP_NOPS (t);
558       if (integer_zerop (t) && !TREE_OVERFLOW (t))
559 	return true;
560     }
561   return false;
562 }
563 
564 /* Returns true iff T is a null member pointer value (4.11).  */
565 
566 bool
567 null_member_pointer_value_p (tree t)
568 {
569   tree type = TREE_TYPE (t);
570   if (!type)
571     return false;
572   else if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
573     return (TREE_CODE (t) == CONSTRUCTOR
574 	    && integer_zerop (CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (t, 0)->value));
575   else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type))
576     return integer_all_onesp (t);
577   else
578     return false;
579 }
580 
581 /* Returns nonzero if PARMLIST consists of only default parms,
582    ellipsis, and/or undeduced parameter packs.  */
583 
584 bool
585 sufficient_parms_p (const_tree parmlist)
586 {
587   for (; parmlist && parmlist != void_list_node;
588        parmlist = TREE_CHAIN (parmlist))
589     if (!TREE_PURPOSE (parmlist)
590 	&& !PACK_EXPANSION_P (TREE_VALUE (parmlist)))
591       return false;
592   return true;
593 }
594 
595 /* Allocate N bytes of memory from the conversion obstack.  The memory
596    is zeroed before being returned.  */
597 
598 static void *
599 conversion_obstack_alloc (size_t n)
600 {
601   void *p;
602   if (!conversion_obstack_initialized)
603     {
604       gcc_obstack_init (&conversion_obstack);
605       conversion_obstack_initialized = true;
606     }
607   p = obstack_alloc (&conversion_obstack, n);
608   memset (p, 0, n);
609   return p;
610 }
611 
612 /* Allocate rejection reasons.  */
613 
614 static struct rejection_reason *
615 alloc_rejection (enum rejection_reason_code code)
616 {
617   struct rejection_reason *p;
618   p = (struct rejection_reason *) conversion_obstack_alloc (sizeof *p);
619   p->code = code;
620   return p;
621 }
622 
623 static struct rejection_reason *
624 arity_rejection (tree first_arg, int expected, int actual)
625 {
626   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_arity);
627   int adjust = first_arg != NULL_TREE;
628   r->u.arity.expected = expected - adjust;
629   r->u.arity.actual = actual - adjust;
630   return r;
631 }
632 
633 static struct rejection_reason *
634 arg_conversion_rejection (tree first_arg, int n_arg, tree from, tree to)
635 {
636   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_arg_conversion);
637   int adjust = first_arg != NULL_TREE;
638   r->u.conversion.n_arg = n_arg - adjust;
639   r->u.conversion.from_type = from;
640   r->u.conversion.to_type = to;
641   return r;
642 }
643 
644 static struct rejection_reason *
645 bad_arg_conversion_rejection (tree first_arg, int n_arg, tree from, tree to)
646 {
647   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_bad_arg_conversion);
648   int adjust = first_arg != NULL_TREE;
649   r->u.bad_conversion.n_arg = n_arg - adjust;
650   r->u.bad_conversion.from_type = from;
651   r->u.bad_conversion.to_type = to;
652   return r;
653 }
654 
655 static struct rejection_reason *
656 explicit_conversion_rejection (tree from, tree to)
657 {
658   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_explicit_conversion);
659   r->u.conversion.n_arg = 0;
660   r->u.conversion.from_type = from;
661   r->u.conversion.to_type = to;
662   return r;
663 }
664 
665 static struct rejection_reason *
666 template_conversion_rejection (tree from, tree to)
667 {
668   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_template_conversion);
669   r->u.conversion.n_arg = 0;
670   r->u.conversion.from_type = from;
671   r->u.conversion.to_type = to;
672   return r;
673 }
674 
675 static struct rejection_reason *
676 template_unification_rejection (tree tmpl, tree explicit_targs, tree targs,
677 				const tree *args, unsigned int nargs,
678 				tree return_type, unification_kind_t strict,
679 				int flags)
680 {
681   size_t args_n_bytes = sizeof (*args) * nargs;
682   tree *args1 = (tree *) conversion_obstack_alloc (args_n_bytes);
683   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_template_unification);
684   r->u.template_unification.tmpl = tmpl;
685   r->u.template_unification.explicit_targs = explicit_targs;
686   r->u.template_unification.targs = targs;
687   /* Copy args to our own storage.  */
688   memcpy (args1, args, args_n_bytes);
689   r->u.template_unification.args = args1;
690   r->u.template_unification.nargs = nargs;
691   r->u.template_unification.return_type = return_type;
692   r->u.template_unification.strict = strict;
693   r->u.template_unification.flags = flags;
694   return r;
695 }
696 
697 static struct rejection_reason *
698 template_unification_error_rejection (void)
699 {
700   return alloc_rejection (rr_template_unification);
701 }
702 
703 static struct rejection_reason *
704 template_instantiation_rejection (tree tmpl, tree targs)
705 {
706   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_template_instantiation);
707   r->u.template_instantiation.tmpl = tmpl;
708   r->u.template_instantiation.targs = targs;
709   return r;
710 }
711 
712 static struct rejection_reason *
713 invalid_copy_with_fn_template_rejection (void)
714 {
715   struct rejection_reason *r = alloc_rejection (rr_invalid_copy);
716   return r;
717 }
718 
719 /* Dynamically allocate a conversion.  */
720 
721 static conversion *
722 alloc_conversion (conversion_kind kind)
723 {
724   conversion *c;
725   c = (conversion *) conversion_obstack_alloc (sizeof (conversion));
726   c->kind = kind;
727   return c;
728 }
729 
730 #ifdef ENABLE_CHECKING
731 
732 /* Make sure that all memory on the conversion obstack has been
733    freed.  */
734 
735 void
736 validate_conversion_obstack (void)
737 {
738   if (conversion_obstack_initialized)
739     gcc_assert ((obstack_next_free (&conversion_obstack)
740 		 == obstack_base (&conversion_obstack)));
741 }
742 
743 #endif /* ENABLE_CHECKING */
744 
745 /* Dynamically allocate an array of N conversions.  */
746 
747 static conversion **
748 alloc_conversions (size_t n)
749 {
750   return (conversion **) conversion_obstack_alloc (n * sizeof (conversion *));
751 }
752 
753 static conversion *
754 build_conv (conversion_kind code, tree type, conversion *from)
755 {
756   conversion *t;
757   conversion_rank rank = CONVERSION_RANK (from);
758 
759   /* Note that the caller is responsible for filling in t->cand for
760      user-defined conversions.  */
761   t = alloc_conversion (code);
762   t->type = type;
763   t->u.next = from;
764 
765   switch (code)
766     {
767     case ck_ptr:
768     case ck_pmem:
769     case ck_base:
770     case ck_std:
771       if (rank < cr_std)
772 	rank = cr_std;
773       break;
774 
775     case ck_qual:
776       if (rank < cr_exact)
777 	rank = cr_exact;
778       break;
779 
780     default:
781       break;
782     }
783   t->rank = rank;
784   t->user_conv_p = (code == ck_user || from->user_conv_p);
785   t->bad_p = from->bad_p;
786   t->base_p = false;
787   return t;
788 }
789 
790 /* Represent a conversion from CTOR, a braced-init-list, to TYPE, a
791    specialization of std::initializer_list<T>, if such a conversion is
792    possible.  */
793 
794 static conversion *
795 build_list_conv (tree type, tree ctor, int flags)
796 {
797   tree elttype = TREE_VEC_ELT (CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (type), 0);
798   unsigned len = CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (ctor);
799   conversion **subconvs = alloc_conversions (len);
800   conversion *t;
801   unsigned i;
802   tree val;
803 
804   /* Within a list-initialization we can have more user-defined
805      conversions.  */
806   flags &= ~LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION;
807   /* But no narrowing conversions.  */
808   flags |= LOOKUP_NO_NARROWING;
809 
810   FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_VALUE (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor), i, val)
811     {
812       conversion *sub
813 	= implicit_conversion (elttype, TREE_TYPE (val), val,
814 			       false, flags);
815       if (sub == NULL)
816 	return NULL;
817 
818       subconvs[i] = sub;
819     }
820 
821   t = alloc_conversion (ck_list);
822   t->type = type;
823   t->u.list = subconvs;
824   t->rank = cr_exact;
825 
826   for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
827     {
828       conversion *sub = subconvs[i];
829       if (sub->rank > t->rank)
830 	t->rank = sub->rank;
831       if (sub->user_conv_p)
832 	t->user_conv_p = true;
833       if (sub->bad_p)
834 	t->bad_p = true;
835     }
836 
837   return t;
838 }
839 
840 /* Return the next conversion of the conversion chain (if applicable),
841    or NULL otherwise.  Please use this function instead of directly
842    accessing fields of struct conversion.  */
843 
844 static conversion *
845 next_conversion (conversion *conv)
846 {
847   if (conv == NULL
848       || conv->kind == ck_identity
849       || conv->kind == ck_ambig
850       || conv->kind == ck_list)
851     return NULL;
852   return conv->u.next;
853 }
854 
855 /* Subroutine of build_aggr_conv: check whether CTOR, a braced-init-list,
856    is a valid aggregate initializer for array type ATYPE.  */
857 
858 static bool
859 can_convert_array (tree atype, tree ctor, int flags)
860 {
861   unsigned i;
862   tree elttype = TREE_TYPE (atype);
863   for (i = 0; i < CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (ctor); ++i)
864     {
865       tree val = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (ctor, i)->value;
866       bool ok;
867       if (TREE_CODE (elttype) == ARRAY_TYPE
868 	  && TREE_CODE (val) == CONSTRUCTOR)
869 	ok = can_convert_array (elttype, val, flags);
870       else
871 	ok = can_convert_arg (elttype, TREE_TYPE (val), val, flags);
872       if (!ok)
873 	return false;
874     }
875   return true;
876 }
877 
878 /* Represent a conversion from CTOR, a braced-init-list, to TYPE, an
879    aggregate class, if such a conversion is possible.  */
880 
881 static conversion *
882 build_aggr_conv (tree type, tree ctor, int flags)
883 {
884   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT i = 0;
885   conversion *c;
886   tree field = next_initializable_field (TYPE_FIELDS (type));
887   tree empty_ctor = NULL_TREE;
888 
889   for (; field; field = next_initializable_field (DECL_CHAIN (field)))
890     {
891       tree ftype = TREE_TYPE (field);
892       tree val;
893       bool ok;
894 
895       if (i < CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (ctor))
896 	val = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (ctor, i)->value;
897       else if (TREE_CODE (ftype) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
898 	/* Value-initialization of reference is ill-formed.  */
899 	return NULL;
900       else
901 	{
902 	  if (empty_ctor == NULL_TREE)
903 	    empty_ctor = build_constructor (init_list_type_node, NULL);
904 	  val = empty_ctor;
905 	}
906       ++i;
907 
908       if (TREE_CODE (ftype) == ARRAY_TYPE
909 	  && TREE_CODE (val) == CONSTRUCTOR)
910 	ok = can_convert_array (ftype, val, flags);
911       else
912 	ok = can_convert_arg (ftype, TREE_TYPE (val), val, flags);
913 
914       if (!ok)
915 	return NULL;
916 
917       if (TREE_CODE (type) == UNION_TYPE)
918 	break;
919     }
920 
921   if (i < CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (ctor))
922     return NULL;
923 
924   c = alloc_conversion (ck_aggr);
925   c->type = type;
926   c->rank = cr_exact;
927   c->user_conv_p = true;
928   c->u.next = NULL;
929   return c;
930 }
931 
932 /* Represent a conversion from CTOR, a braced-init-list, to TYPE, an
933    array type, if such a conversion is possible.  */
934 
935 static conversion *
936 build_array_conv (tree type, tree ctor, int flags)
937 {
938   conversion *c;
939   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT len = CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (ctor);
940   tree elttype = TREE_TYPE (type);
941   unsigned i;
942   tree val;
943   bool bad = false;
944   bool user = false;
945   enum conversion_rank rank = cr_exact;
946 
947   if (TYPE_DOMAIN (type))
948     {
949       unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT alen = tree_low_cst (array_type_nelts_top (type), 1);
950       if (alen < len)
951 	return NULL;
952     }
953 
954   FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_VALUE (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor), i, val)
955     {
956       conversion *sub
957 	= implicit_conversion (elttype, TREE_TYPE (val), val,
958 			       false, flags);
959       if (sub == NULL)
960 	return NULL;
961 
962       if (sub->rank > rank)
963 	rank = sub->rank;
964       if (sub->user_conv_p)
965 	user = true;
966       if (sub->bad_p)
967 	bad = true;
968     }
969 
970   c = alloc_conversion (ck_aggr);
971   c->type = type;
972   c->rank = rank;
973   c->user_conv_p = user;
974   c->bad_p = bad;
975   c->u.next = NULL;
976   return c;
977 }
978 
979 /* Represent a conversion from CTOR, a braced-init-list, to TYPE, a
980    complex type, if such a conversion is possible.  */
981 
982 static conversion *
983 build_complex_conv (tree type, tree ctor, int flags)
984 {
985   conversion *c;
986   unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT len = CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (ctor);
987   tree elttype = TREE_TYPE (type);
988   unsigned i;
989   tree val;
990   bool bad = false;
991   bool user = false;
992   enum conversion_rank rank = cr_exact;
993 
994   if (len != 2)
995     return NULL;
996 
997   FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_VALUE (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (ctor), i, val)
998     {
999       conversion *sub
1000 	= implicit_conversion (elttype, TREE_TYPE (val), val,
1001 			       false, flags);
1002       if (sub == NULL)
1003 	return NULL;
1004 
1005       if (sub->rank > rank)
1006 	rank = sub->rank;
1007       if (sub->user_conv_p)
1008 	user = true;
1009       if (sub->bad_p)
1010 	bad = true;
1011     }
1012 
1013   c = alloc_conversion (ck_aggr);
1014   c->type = type;
1015   c->rank = rank;
1016   c->user_conv_p = user;
1017   c->bad_p = bad;
1018   c->u.next = NULL;
1019   return c;
1020 }
1021 
1022 /* Build a representation of the identity conversion from EXPR to
1023    itself.  The TYPE should match the type of EXPR, if EXPR is non-NULL.  */
1024 
1025 static conversion *
1026 build_identity_conv (tree type, tree expr)
1027 {
1028   conversion *c;
1029 
1030   c = alloc_conversion (ck_identity);
1031   c->type = type;
1032   c->u.expr = expr;
1033 
1034   return c;
1035 }
1036 
1037 /* Converting from EXPR to TYPE was ambiguous in the sense that there
1038    were multiple user-defined conversions to accomplish the job.
1039    Build a conversion that indicates that ambiguity.  */
1040 
1041 static conversion *
1042 build_ambiguous_conv (tree type, tree expr)
1043 {
1044   conversion *c;
1045 
1046   c = alloc_conversion (ck_ambig);
1047   c->type = type;
1048   c->u.expr = expr;
1049 
1050   return c;
1051 }
1052 
1053 tree
1054 strip_top_quals (tree t)
1055 {
1056   if (TREE_CODE (t) == ARRAY_TYPE)
1057     return t;
1058   return cp_build_qualified_type (t, 0);
1059 }
1060 
1061 /* Returns the standard conversion path (see [conv]) from type FROM to type
1062    TO, if any.  For proper handling of null pointer constants, you must
1063    also pass the expression EXPR to convert from.  If C_CAST_P is true,
1064    this conversion is coming from a C-style cast.  */
1065 
1066 static conversion *
1067 standard_conversion (tree to, tree from, tree expr, bool c_cast_p,
1068 		     int flags)
1069 {
1070   enum tree_code fcode, tcode;
1071   conversion *conv;
1072   bool fromref = false;
1073   tree qualified_to;
1074 
1075   to = non_reference (to);
1076   if (TREE_CODE (from) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
1077     {
1078       fromref = true;
1079       from = TREE_TYPE (from);
1080     }
1081   qualified_to = to;
1082   to = strip_top_quals (to);
1083   from = strip_top_quals (from);
1084 
1085   if ((TYPE_PTRFN_P (to) || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (to))
1086       && expr && type_unknown_p (expr))
1087     {
1088       tsubst_flags_t tflags = tf_conv;
1089       if (!(flags & LOOKUP_PROTECT))
1090 	tflags |= tf_no_access_control;
1091       expr = instantiate_type (to, expr, tflags);
1092       if (expr == error_mark_node)
1093 	return NULL;
1094       from = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1095     }
1096 
1097   fcode = TREE_CODE (from);
1098   tcode = TREE_CODE (to);
1099 
1100   conv = build_identity_conv (from, expr);
1101   if (fcode == FUNCTION_TYPE || fcode == ARRAY_TYPE)
1102     {
1103       from = type_decays_to (from);
1104       fcode = TREE_CODE (from);
1105       conv = build_conv (ck_lvalue, from, conv);
1106     }
1107   else if (fromref || (expr && lvalue_p (expr)))
1108     {
1109       if (expr)
1110 	{
1111 	  tree bitfield_type;
1112 	  bitfield_type = is_bitfield_expr_with_lowered_type (expr);
1113 	  if (bitfield_type)
1114 	    {
1115 	      from = strip_top_quals (bitfield_type);
1116 	      fcode = TREE_CODE (from);
1117 	    }
1118 	}
1119       conv = build_conv (ck_rvalue, from, conv);
1120       if (flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_RVALUE)
1121 	conv->rvaluedness_matches_p = true;
1122     }
1123 
1124    /* Allow conversion between `__complex__' data types.  */
1125   if (tcode == COMPLEX_TYPE && fcode == COMPLEX_TYPE)
1126     {
1127       /* The standard conversion sequence to convert FROM to TO is
1128 	 the standard conversion sequence to perform componentwise
1129 	 conversion.  */
1130       conversion *part_conv = standard_conversion
1131 	(TREE_TYPE (to), TREE_TYPE (from), NULL_TREE, c_cast_p, flags);
1132 
1133       if (part_conv)
1134 	{
1135 	  conv = build_conv (part_conv->kind, to, conv);
1136 	  conv->rank = part_conv->rank;
1137 	}
1138       else
1139 	conv = NULL;
1140 
1141       return conv;
1142     }
1143 
1144   if (same_type_p (from, to))
1145     {
1146       if (CLASS_TYPE_P (to) && conv->kind == ck_rvalue)
1147 	conv->type = qualified_to;
1148       return conv;
1149     }
1150 
1151   /* [conv.ptr]
1152      A null pointer constant can be converted to a pointer type; ... A
1153      null pointer constant of integral type can be converted to an
1154      rvalue of type std::nullptr_t. */
1155   if ((tcode == POINTER_TYPE || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (to)
1156        || NULLPTR_TYPE_P (to))
1157       && expr && null_ptr_cst_p (expr))
1158     conv = build_conv (ck_std, to, conv);
1159   else if ((tcode == INTEGER_TYPE && fcode == POINTER_TYPE)
1160 	   || (tcode == POINTER_TYPE && fcode == INTEGER_TYPE))
1161     {
1162       /* For backwards brain damage compatibility, allow interconversion of
1163 	 pointers and integers with a pedwarn.  */
1164       conv = build_conv (ck_std, to, conv);
1165       conv->bad_p = true;
1166     }
1167   else if (UNSCOPED_ENUM_P (to) && fcode == INTEGER_TYPE)
1168     {
1169       /* For backwards brain damage compatibility, allow interconversion of
1170 	 enums and integers with a pedwarn.  */
1171       conv = build_conv (ck_std, to, conv);
1172       conv->bad_p = true;
1173     }
1174   else if ((tcode == POINTER_TYPE && fcode == POINTER_TYPE)
1175 	   || (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (to) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (from)))
1176     {
1177       tree to_pointee;
1178       tree from_pointee;
1179 
1180       if (tcode == POINTER_TYPE
1181 	  && same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (TREE_TYPE (from),
1182 							TREE_TYPE (to)))
1183 	;
1184       else if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (to))
1185 	       && !TYPE_PTRMEM_P (from)
1186 	       && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (from)) != FUNCTION_TYPE)
1187 	{
1188 	  tree nfrom = TREE_TYPE (from);
1189 	  from = build_pointer_type
1190 	    (cp_build_qualified_type (void_type_node,
1191 			              cp_type_quals (nfrom)));
1192 	  conv = build_conv (ck_ptr, from, conv);
1193 	}
1194       else if (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (from))
1195 	{
1196 	  tree fbase = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (from);
1197 	  tree tbase = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (to);
1198 
1199 	  if (DERIVED_FROM_P (fbase, tbase)
1200 	      && (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p
1201 		  (TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (from),
1202 		   TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (to))))
1203 	    {
1204 	      from = build_ptrmem_type (tbase,
1205 					TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (from));
1206 	      conv = build_conv (ck_pmem, from, conv);
1207 	    }
1208 	  else if (!same_type_p (fbase, tbase))
1209 	    return NULL;
1210 	}
1211       else if (CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (from))
1212 	       && CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (to))
1213 	       /* [conv.ptr]
1214 
1215 		  An rvalue of type "pointer to cv D," where D is a
1216 		  class type, can be converted to an rvalue of type
1217 		  "pointer to cv B," where B is a base class (clause
1218 		  _class.derived_) of D.  If B is an inaccessible
1219 		  (clause _class.access_) or ambiguous
1220 		  (_class.member.lookup_) base class of D, a program
1221 		  that necessitates this conversion is ill-formed.
1222 		  Therefore, we use DERIVED_FROM_P, and do not check
1223 		  access or uniqueness.  */
1224 	       && DERIVED_FROM_P (TREE_TYPE (to), TREE_TYPE (from)))
1225 	{
1226 	  from =
1227 	    cp_build_qualified_type (TREE_TYPE (to),
1228 				     cp_type_quals (TREE_TYPE (from)));
1229 	  from = build_pointer_type (from);
1230 	  conv = build_conv (ck_ptr, from, conv);
1231 	  conv->base_p = true;
1232 	}
1233 
1234       if (tcode == POINTER_TYPE)
1235 	{
1236 	  to_pointee = TREE_TYPE (to);
1237 	  from_pointee = TREE_TYPE (from);
1238 	}
1239       else
1240 	{
1241 	  to_pointee = TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (to);
1242 	  from_pointee = TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (from);
1243 	}
1244 
1245       if (same_type_p (from, to))
1246 	/* OK */;
1247       else if (c_cast_p && comp_ptr_ttypes_const (to, from))
1248 	/* In a C-style cast, we ignore CV-qualification because we
1249 	   are allowed to perform a static_cast followed by a
1250 	   const_cast.  */
1251 	conv = build_conv (ck_qual, to, conv);
1252       else if (!c_cast_p && comp_ptr_ttypes (to_pointee, from_pointee))
1253 	conv = build_conv (ck_qual, to, conv);
1254       else if (expr && string_conv_p (to, expr, 0))
1255 	/* converting from string constant to char *.  */
1256 	conv = build_conv (ck_qual, to, conv);
1257       /* Allow conversions among compatible ObjC pointer types (base
1258 	 conversions have been already handled above).  */
1259       else if (c_dialect_objc ()
1260 	       && objc_compare_types (to, from, -4, NULL_TREE))
1261 	conv = build_conv (ck_ptr, to, conv);
1262       else if (ptr_reasonably_similar (to_pointee, from_pointee))
1263 	{
1264 	  conv = build_conv (ck_ptr, to, conv);
1265 	  conv->bad_p = true;
1266 	}
1267       else
1268 	return NULL;
1269 
1270       from = to;
1271     }
1272   else if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (to) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (from))
1273     {
1274       tree fromfn = TREE_TYPE (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (from));
1275       tree tofn = TREE_TYPE (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_FN_TYPE (to));
1276       tree fbase = class_of_this_parm (fromfn);
1277       tree tbase = class_of_this_parm (tofn);
1278 
1279       if (!DERIVED_FROM_P (fbase, tbase)
1280 	  || !same_type_p (static_fn_type (fromfn),
1281 			   static_fn_type (tofn)))
1282 	return NULL;
1283 
1284       from = build_memfn_type (fromfn, tbase, cp_type_quals (tbase));
1285       from = build_ptrmemfunc_type (build_pointer_type (from));
1286       conv = build_conv (ck_pmem, from, conv);
1287       conv->base_p = true;
1288     }
1289   else if (tcode == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
1290     {
1291       /* [conv.bool]
1292 
1293 	  An rvalue of arithmetic, unscoped enumeration, pointer, or
1294 	  pointer to member type can be converted to an rvalue of type
1295 	  bool. ... An rvalue of type std::nullptr_t can be converted
1296 	  to an rvalue of type bool;  */
1297       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (from)
1298 	  || UNSCOPED_ENUM_P (from)
1299 	  || fcode == POINTER_TYPE
1300 	  || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (from)
1301 	  || NULLPTR_TYPE_P (from))
1302 	{
1303 	  conv = build_conv (ck_std, to, conv);
1304 	  if (fcode == POINTER_TYPE
1305 	      || TYPE_PTRMEM_P (from)
1306 	      || (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (from)
1307 		  && conv->rank < cr_pbool)
1308 	      || NULLPTR_TYPE_P (from))
1309 	    conv->rank = cr_pbool;
1310 	  return conv;
1311 	}
1312 
1313       return NULL;
1314     }
1315   /* We don't check for ENUMERAL_TYPE here because there are no standard
1316      conversions to enum type.  */
1317   /* As an extension, allow conversion to complex type.  */
1318   else if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (to))
1319     {
1320       if (! (INTEGRAL_CODE_P (fcode) || fcode == REAL_TYPE)
1321           || SCOPED_ENUM_P (from))
1322 	return NULL;
1323       conv = build_conv (ck_std, to, conv);
1324 
1325       /* Give this a better rank if it's a promotion.  */
1326       if (same_type_p (to, type_promotes_to (from))
1327 	  && conv->u.next->rank <= cr_promotion)
1328 	conv->rank = cr_promotion;
1329     }
1330   else if (fcode == VECTOR_TYPE && tcode == VECTOR_TYPE
1331 	   && vector_types_convertible_p (from, to, false))
1332     return build_conv (ck_std, to, conv);
1333   else if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (to) && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (from)
1334 	   && is_properly_derived_from (from, to))
1335     {
1336       if (conv->kind == ck_rvalue)
1337 	conv = conv->u.next;
1338       conv = build_conv (ck_base, to, conv);
1339       /* The derived-to-base conversion indicates the initialization
1340 	 of a parameter with base type from an object of a derived
1341 	 type.  A temporary object is created to hold the result of
1342 	 the conversion unless we're binding directly to a reference.  */
1343       conv->need_temporary_p = !(flags & LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND);
1344     }
1345   else
1346     return NULL;
1347 
1348   if (flags & LOOKUP_NO_NARROWING)
1349     conv->check_narrowing = true;
1350 
1351   return conv;
1352 }
1353 
1354 /* Returns nonzero if T1 is reference-related to T2.  */
1355 
1356 bool
1357 reference_related_p (tree t1, tree t2)
1358 {
1359   if (t1 == error_mark_node || t2 == error_mark_node)
1360     return false;
1361 
1362   t1 = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t1);
1363   t2 = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t2);
1364 
1365   /* [dcl.init.ref]
1366 
1367      Given types "cv1 T1" and "cv2 T2," "cv1 T1" is reference-related
1368      to "cv2 T2" if T1 is the same type as T2, or T1 is a base class
1369      of T2.  */
1370   return (same_type_p (t1, t2)
1371 	  || (CLASS_TYPE_P (t1) && CLASS_TYPE_P (t2)
1372 	      && DERIVED_FROM_P (t1, t2)));
1373 }
1374 
1375 /* Returns nonzero if T1 is reference-compatible with T2.  */
1376 
1377 static bool
1378 reference_compatible_p (tree t1, tree t2)
1379 {
1380   /* [dcl.init.ref]
1381 
1382      "cv1 T1" is reference compatible with "cv2 T2" if T1 is
1383      reference-related to T2 and cv1 is the same cv-qualification as,
1384      or greater cv-qualification than, cv2.  */
1385   return (reference_related_p (t1, t2)
1386 	  && at_least_as_qualified_p (t1, t2));
1387 }
1388 
1389 /* A reference of the indicated TYPE is being bound directly to the
1390    expression represented by the implicit conversion sequence CONV.
1391    Return a conversion sequence for this binding.  */
1392 
1393 static conversion *
1394 direct_reference_binding (tree type, conversion *conv)
1395 {
1396   tree t;
1397 
1398   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE);
1399   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (conv->type) != REFERENCE_TYPE);
1400 
1401   t = TREE_TYPE (type);
1402 
1403   /* [over.ics.rank]
1404 
1405      When a parameter of reference type binds directly
1406      (_dcl.init.ref_) to an argument expression, the implicit
1407      conversion sequence is the identity conversion, unless the
1408      argument expression has a type that is a derived class of the
1409      parameter type, in which case the implicit conversion sequence is
1410      a derived-to-base Conversion.
1411 
1412      If the parameter binds directly to the result of applying a
1413      conversion function to the argument expression, the implicit
1414      conversion sequence is a user-defined conversion sequence
1415      (_over.ics.user_), with the second standard conversion sequence
1416      either an identity conversion or, if the conversion function
1417      returns an entity of a type that is a derived class of the
1418      parameter type, a derived-to-base conversion.  */
1419   if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (t, conv->type))
1420     {
1421       /* Represent the derived-to-base conversion.  */
1422       conv = build_conv (ck_base, t, conv);
1423       /* We will actually be binding to the base-class subobject in
1424 	 the derived class, so we mark this conversion appropriately.
1425 	 That way, convert_like knows not to generate a temporary.  */
1426       conv->need_temporary_p = false;
1427     }
1428   return build_conv (ck_ref_bind, type, conv);
1429 }
1430 
1431 /* Returns the conversion path from type FROM to reference type TO for
1432    purposes of reference binding.  For lvalue binding, either pass a
1433    reference type to FROM or an lvalue expression to EXPR.  If the
1434    reference will be bound to a temporary, NEED_TEMPORARY_P is set for
1435    the conversion returned.  If C_CAST_P is true, this
1436    conversion is coming from a C-style cast.  */
1437 
1438 static conversion *
1439 reference_binding (tree rto, tree rfrom, tree expr, bool c_cast_p, int flags)
1440 {
1441   conversion *conv = NULL;
1442   tree to = TREE_TYPE (rto);
1443   tree from = rfrom;
1444   tree tfrom;
1445   bool related_p;
1446   bool compatible_p;
1447   cp_lvalue_kind gl_kind;
1448   bool is_lvalue;
1449 
1450   if (TREE_CODE (to) == FUNCTION_TYPE && expr && type_unknown_p (expr))
1451     {
1452       expr = instantiate_type (to, expr, tf_none);
1453       if (expr == error_mark_node)
1454 	return NULL;
1455       from = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1456     }
1457 
1458   if (expr && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr))
1459     {
1460       maybe_warn_cpp0x (CPP0X_INITIALIZER_LISTS);
1461       conv = implicit_conversion (to, from, expr, c_cast_p,
1462 				  flags);
1463       if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (to)
1464 	  && CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (expr) == 1)
1465 	{
1466 	  expr = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (expr, 0)->value;
1467 	  if (error_operand_p (expr))
1468 	    return NULL;
1469 	  from = TREE_TYPE (expr);
1470 	}
1471     }
1472 
1473   if (TREE_CODE (from) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
1474     {
1475       from = TREE_TYPE (from);
1476       if (!TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rfrom)
1477 	  || TREE_CODE (from) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
1478 	gl_kind = clk_ordinary;
1479       else
1480 	gl_kind = clk_rvalueref;
1481     }
1482   else if (expr)
1483     {
1484       gl_kind = lvalue_kind (expr);
1485       if (gl_kind & clk_class)
1486 	/* A class prvalue is not a glvalue.  */
1487 	gl_kind = clk_none;
1488     }
1489   else
1490     gl_kind = clk_none;
1491   is_lvalue = gl_kind && !(gl_kind & clk_rvalueref);
1492 
1493   tfrom = from;
1494   if ((gl_kind & clk_bitfield) != 0)
1495     tfrom = unlowered_expr_type (expr);
1496 
1497   /* Figure out whether or not the types are reference-related and
1498      reference compatible.  We have do do this after stripping
1499      references from FROM.  */
1500   related_p = reference_related_p (to, tfrom);
1501   /* If this is a C cast, first convert to an appropriately qualified
1502      type, so that we can later do a const_cast to the desired type.  */
1503   if (related_p && c_cast_p
1504       && !at_least_as_qualified_p (to, tfrom))
1505     to = cp_build_qualified_type (to, cp_type_quals (tfrom));
1506   compatible_p = reference_compatible_p (to, tfrom);
1507 
1508   /* Directly bind reference when target expression's type is compatible with
1509      the reference and expression is an lvalue. In DR391, the wording in
1510      [8.5.3/5 dcl.init.ref] is changed to also require direct bindings for
1511      const and rvalue references to rvalues of compatible class type.
1512      We should also do direct bindings for non-class xvalues.  */
1513   if (compatible_p
1514       && (is_lvalue
1515 	  || (((CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (to)
1516 		&& !(flags & LOOKUP_NO_RVAL_BIND))
1517 	       || TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto))
1518 	      && (gl_kind
1519 		  || (!(flags & LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND)
1520 		      && (CLASS_TYPE_P (from)
1521 			  || TREE_CODE (from) == ARRAY_TYPE))))))
1522     {
1523       /* [dcl.init.ref]
1524 
1525 	 If the initializer expression
1526 
1527 	 -- is an lvalue (but not an lvalue for a bit-field), and "cv1 T1"
1528 	    is reference-compatible with "cv2 T2,"
1529 
1530 	 the reference is bound directly to the initializer expression
1531 	 lvalue.
1532 
1533 	 [...]
1534 	 If the initializer expression is an rvalue, with T2 a class type,
1535 	 and "cv1 T1" is reference-compatible with "cv2 T2", the reference
1536 	 is bound to the object represented by the rvalue or to a sub-object
1537 	 within that object.  */
1538 
1539       conv = build_identity_conv (tfrom, expr);
1540       conv = direct_reference_binding (rto, conv);
1541 
1542       if (flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_RVALUE)
1543 	/* The top-level caller requested that we pretend that the lvalue
1544 	   be treated as an rvalue.  */
1545 	conv->rvaluedness_matches_p = TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto);
1546       else if (TREE_CODE (rfrom) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
1547 	/* Handle rvalue reference to function properly.  */
1548 	conv->rvaluedness_matches_p
1549 	  = (TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto) == TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rfrom));
1550       else
1551 	conv->rvaluedness_matches_p
1552           = (TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto) == !is_lvalue);
1553 
1554       if ((gl_kind & clk_bitfield) != 0
1555 	  || ((gl_kind & clk_packed) != 0 && !TYPE_PACKED (to)))
1556 	/* For the purposes of overload resolution, we ignore the fact
1557 	   this expression is a bitfield or packed field. (In particular,
1558 	   [over.ics.ref] says specifically that a function with a
1559 	   non-const reference parameter is viable even if the
1560 	   argument is a bitfield.)
1561 
1562 	   However, when we actually call the function we must create
1563 	   a temporary to which to bind the reference.  If the
1564 	   reference is volatile, or isn't const, then we cannot make
1565 	   a temporary, so we just issue an error when the conversion
1566 	   actually occurs.  */
1567 	conv->need_temporary_p = true;
1568 
1569       /* Don't allow binding of lvalues (other than function lvalues) to
1570 	 rvalue references.  */
1571       if (is_lvalue && TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto)
1572 	  && TREE_CODE (to) != FUNCTION_TYPE
1573           && !(flags & LOOKUP_PREFER_RVALUE))
1574 	conv->bad_p = true;
1575 
1576       return conv;
1577     }
1578   /* [class.conv.fct] A conversion function is never used to convert a
1579      (possibly cv-qualified) object to the (possibly cv-qualified) same
1580      object type (or a reference to it), to a (possibly cv-qualified) base
1581      class of that type (or a reference to it).... */
1582   else if (CLASS_TYPE_P (from) && !related_p
1583 	   && !(flags & LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION))
1584     {
1585       /* [dcl.init.ref]
1586 
1587 	 If the initializer expression
1588 
1589 	 -- has a class type (i.e., T2 is a class type) can be
1590 	    implicitly converted to an lvalue of type "cv3 T3," where
1591 	    "cv1 T1" is reference-compatible with "cv3 T3".  (this
1592 	    conversion is selected by enumerating the applicable
1593 	    conversion functions (_over.match.ref_) and choosing the
1594 	    best one through overload resolution.  (_over.match_).
1595 
1596 	the reference is bound to the lvalue result of the conversion
1597 	in the second case.  */
1598       z_candidate *cand = build_user_type_conversion_1 (rto, expr, flags);
1599       if (cand)
1600 	return cand->second_conv;
1601     }
1602 
1603   /* From this point on, we conceptually need temporaries, even if we
1604      elide them.  Only the cases above are "direct bindings".  */
1605   if (flags & LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND)
1606     return NULL;
1607 
1608   /* [over.ics.rank]
1609 
1610      When a parameter of reference type is not bound directly to an
1611      argument expression, the conversion sequence is the one required
1612      to convert the argument expression to the underlying type of the
1613      reference according to _over.best.ics_.  Conceptually, this
1614      conversion sequence corresponds to copy-initializing a temporary
1615      of the underlying type with the argument expression.  Any
1616      difference in top-level cv-qualification is subsumed by the
1617      initialization itself and does not constitute a conversion.  */
1618 
1619   /* [dcl.init.ref]
1620 
1621      Otherwise, the reference shall be to a non-volatile const type.
1622 
1623      Under C++0x, [8.5.3/5 dcl.init.ref] it may also be an rvalue reference */
1624   if (!CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (to) && !TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto))
1625     return NULL;
1626 
1627   /* [dcl.init.ref]
1628 
1629      Otherwise, a temporary of type "cv1 T1" is created and
1630      initialized from the initializer expression using the rules for a
1631      non-reference copy initialization.  If T1 is reference-related to
1632      T2, cv1 must be the same cv-qualification as, or greater
1633      cv-qualification than, cv2; otherwise, the program is ill-formed.  */
1634   if (related_p && !at_least_as_qualified_p (to, from))
1635     return NULL;
1636 
1637   /* We're generating a temporary now, but don't bind any more in the
1638      conversion (specifically, don't slice the temporary returned by a
1639      conversion operator).  */
1640   flags |= LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND;
1641 
1642   /* Core issue 899: When [copy-]initializing a temporary to be bound
1643      to the first parameter of a copy constructor (12.8) called with
1644      a single argument in the context of direct-initialization,
1645      explicit conversion functions are also considered.
1646 
1647      So don't set LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING in that case.  */
1648   if (!(flags & LOOKUP_COPY_PARM))
1649     flags |= LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING;
1650 
1651   if (!conv)
1652     conv = implicit_conversion (to, from, expr, c_cast_p,
1653 				flags);
1654   if (!conv)
1655     return NULL;
1656 
1657   conv = build_conv (ck_ref_bind, rto, conv);
1658   /* This reference binding, unlike those above, requires the
1659      creation of a temporary.  */
1660   conv->need_temporary_p = true;
1661   conv->rvaluedness_matches_p = TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (rto);
1662 
1663   return conv;
1664 }
1665 
1666 /* Returns the implicit conversion sequence (see [over.ics]) from type
1667    FROM to type TO.  The optional expression EXPR may affect the
1668    conversion.  FLAGS are the usual overloading flags.  If C_CAST_P is
1669    true, this conversion is coming from a C-style cast.  */
1670 
1671 static conversion *
1672 implicit_conversion (tree to, tree from, tree expr, bool c_cast_p,
1673 		     int flags)
1674 {
1675   conversion *conv;
1676 
1677   if (from == error_mark_node || to == error_mark_node
1678       || expr == error_mark_node)
1679     return NULL;
1680 
1681   /* Other flags only apply to the primary function in overload
1682      resolution, or after we've chosen one.  */
1683   flags &= (LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING|LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION|LOOKUP_COPY_PARM
1684 	    |LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND|LOOKUP_NO_RVAL_BIND|LOOKUP_PREFER_RVALUE
1685 	    |LOOKUP_NO_NARROWING|LOOKUP_PROTECT);
1686 
1687   if (TREE_CODE (to) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
1688     conv = reference_binding (to, from, expr, c_cast_p, flags);
1689   else
1690     conv = standard_conversion (to, from, expr, c_cast_p, flags);
1691 
1692   if (conv)
1693     return conv;
1694 
1695   if (expr && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr))
1696     {
1697       if (is_std_init_list (to))
1698 	return build_list_conv (to, expr, flags);
1699 
1700       /* As an extension, allow list-initialization of _Complex.  */
1701       if (TREE_CODE (to) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
1702 	{
1703 	  conv = build_complex_conv (to, expr, flags);
1704 	  if (conv)
1705 	    return conv;
1706 	}
1707 
1708       /* Allow conversion from an initializer-list with one element to a
1709 	 scalar type.  */
1710       if (SCALAR_TYPE_P (to))
1711 	{
1712 	  int nelts = CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (expr);
1713 	  tree elt;
1714 
1715 	  if (nelts == 0)
1716 	    elt = build_value_init (to, tf_none);
1717 	  else if (nelts == 1)
1718 	    elt = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (expr, 0)->value;
1719 	  else
1720 	    elt = error_mark_node;
1721 
1722 	  conv = implicit_conversion (to, TREE_TYPE (elt), elt,
1723 				      c_cast_p, flags);
1724 	  if (conv)
1725 	    {
1726 	      conv->check_narrowing = true;
1727 	      if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (elt))
1728 		/* Too many levels of braces, i.e. '{{1}}'.  */
1729 		conv->bad_p = true;
1730 	      return conv;
1731 	    }
1732 	}
1733       else if (TREE_CODE (to) == ARRAY_TYPE)
1734 	return build_array_conv (to, expr, flags);
1735     }
1736 
1737   if (expr != NULL_TREE
1738       && (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (from)
1739 	  || MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (to))
1740       && (flags & LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION) == 0)
1741     {
1742       struct z_candidate *cand;
1743 
1744       if (CLASS_TYPE_P (to)
1745 	  && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr)
1746 	  && !CLASSTYPE_NON_AGGREGATE (complete_type (to)))
1747 	return build_aggr_conv (to, expr, flags);
1748 
1749       cand = build_user_type_conversion_1 (to, expr, flags);
1750       if (cand)
1751 	conv = cand->second_conv;
1752 
1753       /* We used to try to bind a reference to a temporary here, but that
1754 	 is now handled after the recursive call to this function at the end
1755 	 of reference_binding.  */
1756       return conv;
1757     }
1758 
1759   return NULL;
1760 }
1761 
1762 /* Add a new entry to the list of candidates.  Used by the add_*_candidate
1763    functions.  ARGS will not be changed until a single candidate is
1764    selected.  */
1765 
1766 static struct z_candidate *
1767 add_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates,
1768 	       tree fn, tree first_arg, const VEC(tree,gc) *args,
1769 	       size_t num_convs, conversion **convs,
1770 	       tree access_path, tree conversion_path,
1771 	       int viable, struct rejection_reason *reason)
1772 {
1773   struct z_candidate *cand = (struct z_candidate *)
1774     conversion_obstack_alloc (sizeof (struct z_candidate));
1775 
1776   cand->fn = fn;
1777   cand->first_arg = first_arg;
1778   cand->args = args;
1779   cand->convs = convs;
1780   cand->num_convs = num_convs;
1781   cand->access_path = access_path;
1782   cand->conversion_path = conversion_path;
1783   cand->viable = viable;
1784   cand->reason = reason;
1785   cand->next = *candidates;
1786   *candidates = cand;
1787 
1788   return cand;
1789 }
1790 
1791 /* Return the number of remaining arguments in the parameter list
1792    beginning with ARG.  */
1793 
1794 static int
1795 remaining_arguments (tree arg)
1796 {
1797   int n;
1798 
1799   for (n = 0; arg != NULL_TREE && arg != void_list_node;
1800        arg = TREE_CHAIN (arg))
1801     n++;
1802 
1803   return n;
1804 }
1805 
1806 /* Create an overload candidate for the function or method FN called
1807    with the argument list FIRST_ARG/ARGS and add it to CANDIDATES.
1808    FLAGS is passed on to implicit_conversion.
1809 
1810    This does not change ARGS.
1811 
1812    CTYPE, if non-NULL, is the type we want to pretend this function
1813    comes from for purposes of overload resolution.  */
1814 
1815 static struct z_candidate *
1816 add_function_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates,
1817 			tree fn, tree ctype, tree first_arg,
1818 			const VEC(tree,gc) *args, tree access_path,
1819 			tree conversion_path, int flags)
1820 {
1821   tree parmlist = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn));
1822   int i, len;
1823   conversion **convs;
1824   tree parmnode;
1825   tree orig_first_arg = first_arg;
1826   int skip;
1827   int viable = 1;
1828   struct rejection_reason *reason = NULL;
1829 
1830   /* At this point we should not see any functions which haven't been
1831      explicitly declared, except for friend functions which will have
1832      been found using argument dependent lookup.  */
1833   gcc_assert (!DECL_ANTICIPATED (fn) || DECL_HIDDEN_FRIEND_P (fn));
1834 
1835   /* The `this', `in_chrg' and VTT arguments to constructors are not
1836      considered in overload resolution.  */
1837   if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn))
1838     {
1839       parmlist = skip_artificial_parms_for (fn, parmlist);
1840       skip = num_artificial_parms_for (fn);
1841       if (skip > 0 && first_arg != NULL_TREE)
1842 	{
1843 	  --skip;
1844 	  first_arg = NULL_TREE;
1845 	}
1846     }
1847   else
1848     skip = 0;
1849 
1850   len = VEC_length (tree, args) - skip + (first_arg != NULL_TREE ? 1 : 0);
1851   convs = alloc_conversions (len);
1852 
1853   /* 13.3.2 - Viable functions [over.match.viable]
1854      First, to be a viable function, a candidate function shall have enough
1855      parameters to agree in number with the arguments in the list.
1856 
1857      We need to check this first; otherwise, checking the ICSes might cause
1858      us to produce an ill-formed template instantiation.  */
1859 
1860   parmnode = parmlist;
1861   for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
1862     {
1863       if (parmnode == NULL_TREE || parmnode == void_list_node)
1864 	break;
1865       parmnode = TREE_CHAIN (parmnode);
1866     }
1867 
1868   if ((i < len && parmnode)
1869       || !sufficient_parms_p (parmnode))
1870     {
1871       int remaining = remaining_arguments (parmnode);
1872       viable = 0;
1873       reason = arity_rejection (first_arg, i + remaining, len);
1874     }
1875   /* When looking for a function from a subobject from an implicit
1876      copy/move constructor/operator=, don't consider anything that takes (a
1877      reference to) an unrelated type.  See c++/44909 and core 1092.  */
1878   else if (parmlist && (flags & LOOKUP_DEFAULTED))
1879     {
1880       if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn))
1881 	i = 1;
1882       else if (DECL_ASSIGNMENT_OPERATOR_P (fn)
1883 	       && DECL_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_P (fn) == NOP_EXPR)
1884 	i = 2;
1885       else
1886 	i = 0;
1887       if (i && len == i)
1888 	{
1889 	  parmnode = chain_index (i-1, parmlist);
1890 	  if (!reference_related_p (non_reference (TREE_VALUE (parmnode)),
1891 				    ctype))
1892 	    viable = 0;
1893 	}
1894 
1895       /* This only applies at the top level.  */
1896       flags &= ~LOOKUP_DEFAULTED;
1897     }
1898 
1899   if (! viable)
1900     goto out;
1901 
1902   /* Second, for F to be a viable function, there shall exist for each
1903      argument an implicit conversion sequence that converts that argument
1904      to the corresponding parameter of F.  */
1905 
1906   parmnode = parmlist;
1907 
1908   for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
1909     {
1910       tree arg, argtype, to_type;
1911       conversion *t;
1912       int is_this;
1913 
1914       if (parmnode == void_list_node)
1915 	break;
1916 
1917       if (i == 0 && first_arg != NULL_TREE)
1918 	arg = first_arg;
1919       else
1920 	arg = VEC_index (tree, args,
1921 			 i + skip - (first_arg != NULL_TREE ? 1 : 0));
1922       argtype = lvalue_type (arg);
1923 
1924       is_this = (i == 0 && DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (fn)
1925 		 && ! DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn));
1926 
1927       if (parmnode)
1928 	{
1929 	  tree parmtype = TREE_VALUE (parmnode);
1930 	  int lflags = flags;
1931 
1932 	  parmnode = TREE_CHAIN (parmnode);
1933 
1934 	  /* The type of the implicit object parameter ('this') for
1935 	     overload resolution is not always the same as for the
1936 	     function itself; conversion functions are considered to
1937 	     be members of the class being converted, and functions
1938 	     introduced by a using-declaration are considered to be
1939 	     members of the class that uses them.
1940 
1941 	     Since build_over_call ignores the ICS for the `this'
1942 	     parameter, we can just change the parm type.  */
1943 	  if (ctype && is_this)
1944 	    {
1945 	      parmtype = cp_build_qualified_type
1946 		(ctype, cp_type_quals (TREE_TYPE (parmtype)));
1947 	      parmtype = build_pointer_type (parmtype);
1948 	    }
1949 
1950 	  /* Core issue 899: When [copy-]initializing a temporary to be bound
1951 	     to the first parameter of a copy constructor (12.8) called with
1952 	     a single argument in the context of direct-initialization,
1953 	     explicit conversion functions are also considered.
1954 
1955 	     So set LOOKUP_COPY_PARM to let reference_binding know that
1956 	     it's being called in that context.  We generalize the above
1957 	     to handle move constructors and template constructors as well;
1958 	     the standardese should soon be updated similarly.  */
1959 	  if (ctype && i == 0 && (len-skip == 1)
1960 	      && DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn)
1961 	      && parmtype != error_mark_node
1962 	      && (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p
1963 		  (non_reference (parmtype), ctype)))
1964 	    {
1965 	      if (!(flags & LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING))
1966 		lflags |= LOOKUP_COPY_PARM;
1967 	      /* We allow user-defined conversions within init-lists, but
1968 		 don't list-initialize the copy parm, as that would mean
1969 		 using two levels of braces for the same type.  */
1970 	      if ((flags & LOOKUP_LIST_INIT_CTOR)
1971 		  && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (arg))
1972 		lflags |= LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION;
1973 	    }
1974 	  else
1975 	    lflags |= LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING;
1976 
1977 	  t = implicit_conversion (parmtype, argtype, arg,
1978 				   /*c_cast_p=*/false, lflags);
1979 	  to_type = parmtype;
1980 	}
1981       else
1982 	{
1983 	  t = build_identity_conv (argtype, arg);
1984 	  t->ellipsis_p = true;
1985 	  to_type = argtype;
1986 	}
1987 
1988       if (t && is_this)
1989 	t->this_p = true;
1990 
1991       convs[i] = t;
1992       if (! t)
1993 	{
1994 	  viable = 0;
1995 	  reason = arg_conversion_rejection (first_arg, i, argtype, to_type);
1996 	  break;
1997 	}
1998 
1999       if (t->bad_p)
2000 	{
2001 	  viable = -1;
2002 	  reason = bad_arg_conversion_rejection (first_arg, i, argtype, to_type);
2003 	}
2004     }
2005 
2006  out:
2007   return add_candidate (candidates, fn, orig_first_arg, args, len, convs,
2008 			access_path, conversion_path, viable, reason);
2009 }
2010 
2011 /* Create an overload candidate for the conversion function FN which will
2012    be invoked for expression OBJ, producing a pointer-to-function which
2013    will in turn be called with the argument list FIRST_ARG/ARGLIST,
2014    and add it to CANDIDATES.  This does not change ARGLIST.  FLAGS is
2015    passed on to implicit_conversion.
2016 
2017    Actually, we don't really care about FN; we care about the type it
2018    converts to.  There may be multiple conversion functions that will
2019    convert to that type, and we rely on build_user_type_conversion_1 to
2020    choose the best one; so when we create our candidate, we record the type
2021    instead of the function.  */
2022 
2023 static struct z_candidate *
2024 add_conv_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates, tree fn, tree obj,
2025 		    tree first_arg, const VEC(tree,gc) *arglist,
2026 		    tree access_path, tree conversion_path)
2027 {
2028   tree totype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fn));
2029   int i, len, viable, flags;
2030   tree parmlist, parmnode;
2031   conversion **convs;
2032   struct rejection_reason *reason;
2033 
2034   for (parmlist = totype; TREE_CODE (parmlist) != FUNCTION_TYPE; )
2035     parmlist = TREE_TYPE (parmlist);
2036   parmlist = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (parmlist);
2037 
2038   len = VEC_length (tree, arglist) + (first_arg != NULL_TREE ? 1 : 0) + 1;
2039   convs = alloc_conversions (len);
2040   parmnode = parmlist;
2041   viable = 1;
2042   flags = LOOKUP_IMPLICIT;
2043   reason = NULL;
2044 
2045   /* Don't bother looking up the same type twice.  */
2046   if (*candidates && (*candidates)->fn == totype)
2047     return NULL;
2048 
2049   for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
2050     {
2051       tree arg, argtype, convert_type = NULL_TREE;
2052       conversion *t;
2053 
2054       if (i == 0)
2055 	arg = obj;
2056       else if (i == 1 && first_arg != NULL_TREE)
2057 	arg = first_arg;
2058       else
2059 	arg = VEC_index (tree, arglist,
2060 			 i - (first_arg != NULL_TREE ? 1 : 0) - 1);
2061       argtype = lvalue_type (arg);
2062 
2063       if (i == 0)
2064 	{
2065 	  t = implicit_conversion (totype, argtype, arg, /*c_cast_p=*/false,
2066 				   flags);
2067 	  convert_type = totype;
2068 	}
2069       else if (parmnode == void_list_node)
2070 	break;
2071       else if (parmnode)
2072 	{
2073 	  t = implicit_conversion (TREE_VALUE (parmnode), argtype, arg,
2074 				   /*c_cast_p=*/false, flags);
2075 	  convert_type = TREE_VALUE (parmnode);
2076 	}
2077       else
2078 	{
2079 	  t = build_identity_conv (argtype, arg);
2080 	  t->ellipsis_p = true;
2081 	  convert_type = argtype;
2082 	}
2083 
2084       convs[i] = t;
2085       if (! t)
2086 	break;
2087 
2088       if (t->bad_p)
2089 	{
2090 	  viable = -1;
2091 	  reason = bad_arg_conversion_rejection (NULL_TREE, i, argtype, convert_type);
2092 	}
2093 
2094       if (i == 0)
2095 	continue;
2096 
2097       if (parmnode)
2098 	parmnode = TREE_CHAIN (parmnode);
2099     }
2100 
2101   if (i < len
2102       || ! sufficient_parms_p (parmnode))
2103     {
2104       int remaining = remaining_arguments (parmnode);
2105       viable = 0;
2106       reason = arity_rejection (NULL_TREE, i + remaining, len);
2107     }
2108 
2109   return add_candidate (candidates, totype, first_arg, arglist, len, convs,
2110 			access_path, conversion_path, viable, reason);
2111 }
2112 
2113 static void
2114 build_builtin_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates, tree fnname,
2115 			 tree type1, tree type2, tree *args, tree *argtypes,
2116 			 int flags)
2117 {
2118   conversion *t;
2119   conversion **convs;
2120   size_t num_convs;
2121   int viable = 1, i;
2122   tree types[2];
2123   struct rejection_reason *reason = NULL;
2124 
2125   types[0] = type1;
2126   types[1] = type2;
2127 
2128   num_convs =  args[2] ? 3 : (args[1] ? 2 : 1);
2129   convs = alloc_conversions (num_convs);
2130 
2131   /* TRUTH_*_EXPR do "contextual conversion to bool", which means explicit
2132      conversion ops are allowed.  We handle that here by just checking for
2133      boolean_type_node because other operators don't ask for it.  COND_EXPR
2134      also does contextual conversion to bool for the first operand, but we
2135      handle that in build_conditional_expr, and type1 here is operand 2.  */
2136   if (type1 != boolean_type_node)
2137     flags |= LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING;
2138 
2139   for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
2140     {
2141       if (! args[i])
2142 	break;
2143 
2144       t = implicit_conversion (types[i], argtypes[i], args[i],
2145 			       /*c_cast_p=*/false, flags);
2146       if (! t)
2147 	{
2148 	  viable = 0;
2149 	  /* We need something for printing the candidate.  */
2150 	  t = build_identity_conv (types[i], NULL_TREE);
2151 	  reason = arg_conversion_rejection (NULL_TREE, i, argtypes[i], types[i]);
2152 	}
2153       else if (t->bad_p)
2154 	{
2155 	  viable = 0;
2156 	  reason = bad_arg_conversion_rejection (NULL_TREE, i, argtypes[i], types[i]);
2157 	}
2158       convs[i] = t;
2159     }
2160 
2161   /* For COND_EXPR we rearranged the arguments; undo that now.  */
2162   if (args[2])
2163     {
2164       convs[2] = convs[1];
2165       convs[1] = convs[0];
2166       t = implicit_conversion (boolean_type_node, argtypes[2], args[2],
2167 			       /*c_cast_p=*/false, flags);
2168       if (t)
2169 	convs[0] = t;
2170       else
2171 	{
2172 	  viable = 0;
2173 	  reason = arg_conversion_rejection (NULL_TREE, 0, argtypes[2],
2174 					     boolean_type_node);
2175 	}
2176     }
2177 
2178   add_candidate (candidates, fnname, /*first_arg=*/NULL_TREE, /*args=*/NULL,
2179 		 num_convs, convs,
2180 		 /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE,
2181 		 /*conversion_path=*/NULL_TREE,
2182 		 viable, reason);
2183 }
2184 
2185 static bool
2186 is_complete (tree t)
2187 {
2188   return COMPLETE_TYPE_P (complete_type (t));
2189 }
2190 
2191 /* Returns nonzero if TYPE is a promoted arithmetic type.  */
2192 
2193 static bool
2194 promoted_arithmetic_type_p (tree type)
2195 {
2196   /* [over.built]
2197 
2198      In this section, the term promoted integral type is used to refer
2199      to those integral types which are preserved by integral promotion
2200      (including e.g.  int and long but excluding e.g.  char).
2201      Similarly, the term promoted arithmetic type refers to promoted
2202      integral types plus floating types.  */
2203   return ((CP_INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
2204 	   && same_type_p (type_promotes_to (type), type))
2205 	  || TREE_CODE (type) == REAL_TYPE);
2206 }
2207 
2208 /* Create any builtin operator overload candidates for the operator in
2209    question given the converted operand types TYPE1 and TYPE2.  The other
2210    args are passed through from add_builtin_candidates to
2211    build_builtin_candidate.
2212 
2213    TYPE1 and TYPE2 may not be permissible, and we must filter them.
2214    If CODE is requires candidates operands of the same type of the kind
2215    of which TYPE1 and TYPE2 are, we add both candidates
2216    CODE (TYPE1, TYPE1) and CODE (TYPE2, TYPE2).  */
2217 
2218 static void
2219 add_builtin_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates, enum tree_code code,
2220 		       enum tree_code code2, tree fnname, tree type1,
2221 		       tree type2, tree *args, tree *argtypes, int flags)
2222 {
2223   switch (code)
2224     {
2225     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
2226     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
2227       args[1] = integer_zero_node;
2228       type2 = integer_type_node;
2229       break;
2230     default:
2231       break;
2232     }
2233 
2234   switch (code)
2235     {
2236 
2237 /* 4 For every pair T, VQ), where T is an arithmetic or  enumeration  type,
2238      and  VQ  is  either  volatile or empty, there exist candidate operator
2239      functions of the form
2240 	     VQ T&   operator++(VQ T&);
2241 	     T       operator++(VQ T&, int);
2242    5 For every pair T, VQ), where T is an enumeration type or an arithmetic
2243      type  other than bool, and VQ is either volatile or empty, there exist
2244      candidate operator functions of the form
2245 	     VQ T&   operator--(VQ T&);
2246 	     T       operator--(VQ T&, int);
2247    6 For every pair T, VQ), where T is  a  cv-qualified  or  cv-unqualified
2248      complete  object type, and VQ is either volatile or empty, there exist
2249      candidate operator functions of the form
2250 	     T*VQ&   operator++(T*VQ&);
2251 	     T*VQ&   operator--(T*VQ&);
2252 	     T*      operator++(T*VQ&, int);
2253 	     T*      operator--(T*VQ&, int);  */
2254 
2255     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
2256     case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
2257       if (TREE_CODE (type1) == BOOLEAN_TYPE)
2258 	return;
2259     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
2260     case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
2261       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1) || TYPE_PTROB_P (type1))
2262 	{
2263 	  type1 = build_reference_type (type1);
2264 	  break;
2265 	}
2266       return;
2267 
2268 /* 7 For every cv-qualified or cv-unqualified object type T, there
2269      exist candidate operator functions of the form
2270 
2271 	     T&      operator*(T*);
2272 
2273    8 For every function type T, there exist candidate operator functions of
2274      the form
2275 	     T&      operator*(T*);  */
2276 
2277     case INDIRECT_REF:
2278       if (TREE_CODE (type1) == POINTER_TYPE
2279 	  && !uses_template_parms (TREE_TYPE (type1))
2280 	  && (TYPE_PTROB_P (type1)
2281 	      || TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (type1)) == FUNCTION_TYPE))
2282 	break;
2283       return;
2284 
2285 /* 9 For every type T, there exist candidate operator functions of the form
2286 	     T*      operator+(T*);
2287 
2288    10For  every  promoted arithmetic type T, there exist candidate operator
2289      functions of the form
2290 	     T       operator+(T);
2291 	     T       operator-(T);  */
2292 
2293     case UNARY_PLUS_EXPR: /* unary + */
2294       if (TREE_CODE (type1) == POINTER_TYPE)
2295 	break;
2296     case NEGATE_EXPR:
2297       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1))
2298 	break;
2299       return;
2300 
2301 /* 11For every promoted integral type T,  there  exist  candidate  operator
2302      functions of the form
2303 	     T       operator~(T);  */
2304 
2305     case BIT_NOT_EXPR:
2306       if (INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type1))
2307 	break;
2308       return;
2309 
2310 /* 12For every quintuple C1, C2, T, CV1, CV2), where C2 is a class type, C1
2311      is the same type as C2 or is a derived class of C2, T  is  a  complete
2312      object type or a function type, and CV1 and CV2 are cv-qualifier-seqs,
2313      there exist candidate operator functions of the form
2314 	     CV12 T& operator->*(CV1 C1*, CV2 T C2::*);
2315      where CV12 is the union of CV1 and CV2.  */
2316 
2317     case MEMBER_REF:
2318       if (TREE_CODE (type1) == POINTER_TYPE
2319 	  && TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (type2))
2320 	{
2321 	  tree c1 = TREE_TYPE (type1);
2322 	  tree c2 = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (type2);
2323 
2324 	  if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (c1) && DERIVED_FROM_P (c2, c1)
2325 	      && (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type2)
2326 		  || is_complete (TYPE_PTRMEM_POINTED_TO_TYPE (type2))))
2327 	    break;
2328 	}
2329       return;
2330 
2331 /* 13For every pair of promoted arithmetic types L and R, there exist  can-
2332      didate operator functions of the form
2333 	     LR      operator*(L, R);
2334 	     LR      operator/(L, R);
2335 	     LR      operator+(L, R);
2336 	     LR      operator-(L, R);
2337 	     bool    operator<(L, R);
2338 	     bool    operator>(L, R);
2339 	     bool    operator<=(L, R);
2340 	     bool    operator>=(L, R);
2341 	     bool    operator==(L, R);
2342 	     bool    operator!=(L, R);
2343      where  LR  is  the  result of the usual arithmetic conversions between
2344      types L and R.
2345 
2346    14For every pair of types T and I, where T  is  a  cv-qualified  or  cv-
2347      unqualified  complete  object  type and I is a promoted integral type,
2348      there exist candidate operator functions of the form
2349 	     T*      operator+(T*, I);
2350 	     T&      operator[](T*, I);
2351 	     T*      operator-(T*, I);
2352 	     T*      operator+(I, T*);
2353 	     T&      operator[](I, T*);
2354 
2355    15For every T, where T is a pointer to complete object type, there exist
2356      candidate operator functions of the form112)
2357 	     ptrdiff_t operator-(T, T);
2358 
2359    16For every pointer or enumeration type T, there exist candidate operator
2360      functions of the form
2361 	     bool    operator<(T, T);
2362 	     bool    operator>(T, T);
2363 	     bool    operator<=(T, T);
2364 	     bool    operator>=(T, T);
2365 	     bool    operator==(T, T);
2366 	     bool    operator!=(T, T);
2367 
2368    17For every pointer to member type T,  there  exist  candidate  operator
2369      functions of the form
2370 	     bool    operator==(T, T);
2371 	     bool    operator!=(T, T);  */
2372 
2373     case MINUS_EXPR:
2374       if (TYPE_PTROB_P (type1) && TYPE_PTROB_P (type2))
2375 	break;
2376       if (TYPE_PTROB_P (type1)
2377 	  && INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type2))
2378 	{
2379 	  type2 = ptrdiff_type_node;
2380 	  break;
2381 	}
2382     case MULT_EXPR:
2383     case TRUNC_DIV_EXPR:
2384       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1) && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type2))
2385 	break;
2386       return;
2387 
2388     case EQ_EXPR:
2389     case NE_EXPR:
2390       if ((TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type1) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type2))
2391 	  || (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type1) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type2)))
2392 	break;
2393       if (TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (type1) && null_ptr_cst_p (args[1]))
2394 	{
2395 	  type2 = type1;
2396 	  break;
2397 	}
2398       if (TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (type2) && null_ptr_cst_p (args[0]))
2399 	{
2400 	  type1 = type2;
2401 	  break;
2402 	}
2403       /* Fall through.  */
2404     case LT_EXPR:
2405     case GT_EXPR:
2406     case LE_EXPR:
2407     case GE_EXPR:
2408     case MAX_EXPR:
2409     case MIN_EXPR:
2410       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1) && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type2))
2411 	break;
2412       if (TYPE_PTR_P (type1) && TYPE_PTR_P (type2))
2413 	break;
2414       if (TREE_CODE (type1) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
2415 	  && TREE_CODE (type2) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
2416 	break;
2417       if (TYPE_PTR_P (type1)
2418 	  && null_ptr_cst_p (args[1])
2419 	  && !uses_template_parms (type1))
2420 	{
2421 	  type2 = type1;
2422 	  break;
2423 	}
2424       if (null_ptr_cst_p (args[0])
2425 	  && TYPE_PTR_P (type2)
2426 	  && !uses_template_parms (type2))
2427 	{
2428 	  type1 = type2;
2429 	  break;
2430 	}
2431       return;
2432 
2433     case PLUS_EXPR:
2434       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1) && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type2))
2435 	break;
2436     case ARRAY_REF:
2437       if (INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type1) && TYPE_PTROB_P (type2))
2438 	{
2439 	  type1 = ptrdiff_type_node;
2440 	  break;
2441 	}
2442       if (TYPE_PTROB_P (type1) && INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type2))
2443 	{
2444 	  type2 = ptrdiff_type_node;
2445 	  break;
2446 	}
2447       return;
2448 
2449 /* 18For  every pair of promoted integral types L and R, there exist candi-
2450      date operator functions of the form
2451 	     LR      operator%(L, R);
2452 	     LR      operator&(L, R);
2453 	     LR      operator^(L, R);
2454 	     LR      operator|(L, R);
2455 	     L       operator<<(L, R);
2456 	     L       operator>>(L, R);
2457      where LR is the result of the  usual  arithmetic  conversions  between
2458      types L and R.  */
2459 
2460     case TRUNC_MOD_EXPR:
2461     case BIT_AND_EXPR:
2462     case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
2463     case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
2464     case LSHIFT_EXPR:
2465     case RSHIFT_EXPR:
2466       if (INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type1) && INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type2))
2467 	break;
2468       return;
2469 
2470 /* 19For  every  triple  L, VQ, R), where L is an arithmetic or enumeration
2471      type, VQ is either volatile or empty, and R is a  promoted  arithmetic
2472      type, there exist candidate operator functions of the form
2473 	     VQ L&   operator=(VQ L&, R);
2474 	     VQ L&   operator*=(VQ L&, R);
2475 	     VQ L&   operator/=(VQ L&, R);
2476 	     VQ L&   operator+=(VQ L&, R);
2477 	     VQ L&   operator-=(VQ L&, R);
2478 
2479    20For  every  pair T, VQ), where T is any type and VQ is either volatile
2480      or empty, there exist candidate operator functions of the form
2481 	     T*VQ&   operator=(T*VQ&, T*);
2482 
2483    21For every pair T, VQ), where T is a pointer to member type and  VQ  is
2484      either  volatile or empty, there exist candidate operator functions of
2485      the form
2486 	     VQ T&   operator=(VQ T&, T);
2487 
2488    22For every triple  T,  VQ,  I),  where  T  is  a  cv-qualified  or  cv-
2489      unqualified  complete object type, VQ is either volatile or empty, and
2490      I is a promoted integral type, there exist  candidate  operator  func-
2491      tions of the form
2492 	     T*VQ&   operator+=(T*VQ&, I);
2493 	     T*VQ&   operator-=(T*VQ&, I);
2494 
2495    23For  every  triple  L,  VQ,  R), where L is an integral or enumeration
2496      type, VQ is either volatile or empty, and R  is  a  promoted  integral
2497      type, there exist candidate operator functions of the form
2498 
2499 	     VQ L&   operator%=(VQ L&, R);
2500 	     VQ L&   operator<<=(VQ L&, R);
2501 	     VQ L&   operator>>=(VQ L&, R);
2502 	     VQ L&   operator&=(VQ L&, R);
2503 	     VQ L&   operator^=(VQ L&, R);
2504 	     VQ L&   operator|=(VQ L&, R);  */
2505 
2506     case MODIFY_EXPR:
2507       switch (code2)
2508 	{
2509 	case PLUS_EXPR:
2510 	case MINUS_EXPR:
2511 	  if (TYPE_PTROB_P (type1) && INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type2))
2512 	    {
2513 	      type2 = ptrdiff_type_node;
2514 	      break;
2515 	    }
2516 	case MULT_EXPR:
2517 	case TRUNC_DIV_EXPR:
2518 	  if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1) && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type2))
2519 	    break;
2520 	  return;
2521 
2522 	case TRUNC_MOD_EXPR:
2523 	case BIT_AND_EXPR:
2524 	case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
2525 	case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
2526 	case LSHIFT_EXPR:
2527 	case RSHIFT_EXPR:
2528 	  if (INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type1) && INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type2))
2529 	    break;
2530 	  return;
2531 
2532 	case NOP_EXPR:
2533 	  if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1) && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type2))
2534 	    break;
2535 	  if ((TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type1) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type2))
2536 	      || (TYPE_PTR_P (type1) && TYPE_PTR_P (type2))
2537 	      || (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type1) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type2))
2538 	      || ((TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type1)
2539 		   || TREE_CODE (type1) == POINTER_TYPE)
2540 		  && null_ptr_cst_p (args[1])))
2541 	    {
2542 	      type2 = type1;
2543 	      break;
2544 	    }
2545 	  return;
2546 
2547 	default:
2548 	  gcc_unreachable ();
2549 	}
2550       type1 = build_reference_type (type1);
2551       break;
2552 
2553     case COND_EXPR:
2554       /* [over.built]
2555 
2556 	 For every pair of promoted arithmetic types L and R, there
2557 	 exist candidate operator functions of the form
2558 
2559 	 LR operator?(bool, L, R);
2560 
2561 	 where LR is the result of the usual arithmetic conversions
2562 	 between types L and R.
2563 
2564 	 For every type T, where T is a pointer or pointer-to-member
2565 	 type, there exist candidate operator functions of the form T
2566 	 operator?(bool, T, T);  */
2567 
2568       if (promoted_arithmetic_type_p (type1)
2569 	  && promoted_arithmetic_type_p (type2))
2570 	/* That's OK.  */
2571 	break;
2572 
2573       /* Otherwise, the types should be pointers.  */
2574       if (!(TYPE_PTR_P (type1) || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (type1))
2575 	  || !(TYPE_PTR_P (type2) || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (type2)))
2576 	return;
2577 
2578       /* We don't check that the two types are the same; the logic
2579 	 below will actually create two candidates; one in which both
2580 	 parameter types are TYPE1, and one in which both parameter
2581 	 types are TYPE2.  */
2582       break;
2583 
2584     case REALPART_EXPR:
2585     case IMAGPART_EXPR:
2586       if (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (type1))
2587 	break;
2588       return;
2589 
2590     default:
2591       gcc_unreachable ();
2592     }
2593 
2594   /* If we're dealing with two pointer types or two enumeral types,
2595      we need candidates for both of them.  */
2596   if (type2 && !same_type_p (type1, type2)
2597       && TREE_CODE (type1) == TREE_CODE (type2)
2598       && (TREE_CODE (type1) == REFERENCE_TYPE
2599 	  || (TYPE_PTR_P (type1) && TYPE_PTR_P (type2))
2600 	  || (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type1) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (type2))
2601 	  || TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type1)
2602 	  || MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type1)
2603 	  || TREE_CODE (type1) == ENUMERAL_TYPE))
2604     {
2605       if (TYPE_PTR_P (type1) || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (type1))
2606 	{
2607 	  tree cptype = composite_pointer_type (type1, type2,
2608 						error_mark_node,
2609 						error_mark_node,
2610 						CPO_CONVERSION,
2611 						tf_none);
2612 	  if (cptype != error_mark_node)
2613 	    {
2614 	      build_builtin_candidate
2615 		(candidates, fnname, cptype, cptype, args, argtypes, flags);
2616 	      return;
2617 	    }
2618 	}
2619 
2620       build_builtin_candidate
2621 	(candidates, fnname, type1, type1, args, argtypes, flags);
2622       build_builtin_candidate
2623 	(candidates, fnname, type2, type2, args, argtypes, flags);
2624       return;
2625     }
2626 
2627   build_builtin_candidate
2628     (candidates, fnname, type1, type2, args, argtypes, flags);
2629 }
2630 
2631 tree
2632 type_decays_to (tree type)
2633 {
2634   if (TREE_CODE (type) == ARRAY_TYPE)
2635     return build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (type));
2636   if (TREE_CODE (type) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
2637     return build_pointer_type (type);
2638   return type;
2639 }
2640 
2641 /* There are three conditions of builtin candidates:
2642 
2643    1) bool-taking candidates.  These are the same regardless of the input.
2644    2) pointer-pair taking candidates.  These are generated for each type
2645       one of the input types converts to.
2646    3) arithmetic candidates.  According to the standard, we should generate
2647       all of these, but I'm trying not to...
2648 
2649    Here we generate a superset of the possible candidates for this particular
2650    case.  That is a subset of the full set the standard defines, plus some
2651    other cases which the standard disallows. add_builtin_candidate will
2652    filter out the invalid set.  */
2653 
2654 static void
2655 add_builtin_candidates (struct z_candidate **candidates, enum tree_code code,
2656 			enum tree_code code2, tree fnname, tree *args,
2657 			int flags)
2658 {
2659   int ref1, i;
2660   int enum_p = 0;
2661   tree type, argtypes[3], t;
2662   /* TYPES[i] is the set of possible builtin-operator parameter types
2663      we will consider for the Ith argument.  */
2664   VEC(tree,gc) *types[2];
2665   unsigned ix;
2666 
2667   for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
2668     {
2669       if (args[i])
2670 	argtypes[i] = unlowered_expr_type (args[i]);
2671       else
2672 	argtypes[i] = NULL_TREE;
2673     }
2674 
2675   switch (code)
2676     {
2677 /* 4 For every pair T, VQ), where T is an arithmetic or  enumeration  type,
2678      and  VQ  is  either  volatile or empty, there exist candidate operator
2679      functions of the form
2680 		 VQ T&   operator++(VQ T&);  */
2681 
2682     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
2683     case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
2684     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
2685     case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
2686     case MODIFY_EXPR:
2687       ref1 = 1;
2688       break;
2689 
2690 /* 24There also exist candidate operator functions of the form
2691 	     bool    operator!(bool);
2692 	     bool    operator&&(bool, bool);
2693 	     bool    operator||(bool, bool);  */
2694 
2695     case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
2696       build_builtin_candidate
2697 	(candidates, fnname, boolean_type_node,
2698 	 NULL_TREE, args, argtypes, flags);
2699       return;
2700 
2701     case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
2702     case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
2703       build_builtin_candidate
2704 	(candidates, fnname, boolean_type_node,
2705 	 boolean_type_node, args, argtypes, flags);
2706       return;
2707 
2708     case ADDR_EXPR:
2709     case COMPOUND_EXPR:
2710     case COMPONENT_REF:
2711       return;
2712 
2713     case COND_EXPR:
2714     case EQ_EXPR:
2715     case NE_EXPR:
2716     case LT_EXPR:
2717     case LE_EXPR:
2718     case GT_EXPR:
2719     case GE_EXPR:
2720       enum_p = 1;
2721       /* Fall through.  */
2722 
2723     default:
2724       ref1 = 0;
2725     }
2726 
2727   types[0] = make_tree_vector ();
2728   types[1] = make_tree_vector ();
2729 
2730   for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
2731     {
2732       if (! args[i])
2733 	;
2734       else if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (argtypes[i]))
2735 	{
2736 	  tree convs;
2737 
2738 	  if (i == 0 && code == MODIFY_EXPR && code2 == NOP_EXPR)
2739 	    return;
2740 
2741 	  convs = lookup_conversions (argtypes[i]);
2742 
2743 	  if (code == COND_EXPR)
2744 	    {
2745 	      if (real_lvalue_p (args[i]))
2746 		VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i],
2747 			       build_reference_type (argtypes[i]));
2748 
2749 	      VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i],
2750 			     TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (argtypes[i]));
2751 	    }
2752 
2753 	  else if (! convs)
2754 	    return;
2755 
2756 	  for (; convs; convs = TREE_CHAIN (convs))
2757 	    {
2758 	      type = TREE_TYPE (convs);
2759 
2760 	      if (i == 0 && ref1
2761 		  && (TREE_CODE (type) != REFERENCE_TYPE
2762 		      || CP_TYPE_CONST_P (TREE_TYPE (type))))
2763 		continue;
2764 
2765 	      if (code == COND_EXPR && TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
2766 		VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i], type);
2767 
2768 	      type = non_reference (type);
2769 	      if (i != 0 || ! ref1)
2770 		{
2771 		  type = cv_unqualified (type_decays_to (type));
2772 		  if (enum_p && TREE_CODE (type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
2773 		    VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i], type);
2774 		  if (INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type))
2775 		    type = type_promotes_to (type);
2776 		}
2777 
2778 	      if (! vec_member (type, types[i]))
2779 		VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i], type);
2780 	    }
2781 	}
2782       else
2783 	{
2784 	  if (code == COND_EXPR && real_lvalue_p (args[i]))
2785 	    VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i],
2786 			   build_reference_type (argtypes[i]));
2787 	  type = non_reference (argtypes[i]);
2788 	  if (i != 0 || ! ref1)
2789 	    {
2790 	      type = cv_unqualified (type_decays_to (type));
2791 	      if (enum_p && UNSCOPED_ENUM_P (type))
2792 		VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i], type);
2793 	      if (INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type))
2794 		type = type_promotes_to (type);
2795 	    }
2796 	  VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, types[i], type);
2797 	}
2798     }
2799 
2800   /* Run through the possible parameter types of both arguments,
2801      creating candidates with those parameter types.  */
2802   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT_REVERSE (tree, types[0], ix, t)
2803     {
2804       unsigned jx;
2805       tree u;
2806 
2807       if (!VEC_empty (tree, types[1]))
2808 	FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT_REVERSE (tree, types[1], jx, u)
2809 	  add_builtin_candidate
2810 	    (candidates, code, code2, fnname, t,
2811 	     u, args, argtypes, flags);
2812       else
2813 	add_builtin_candidate
2814 	  (candidates, code, code2, fnname, t,
2815 	   NULL_TREE, args, argtypes, flags);
2816     }
2817 
2818   release_tree_vector (types[0]);
2819   release_tree_vector (types[1]);
2820 }
2821 
2822 
2823 /* If TMPL can be successfully instantiated as indicated by
2824    EXPLICIT_TARGS and ARGLIST, adds the instantiation to CANDIDATES.
2825 
2826    TMPL is the template.  EXPLICIT_TARGS are any explicit template
2827    arguments.  ARGLIST is the arguments provided at the call-site.
2828    This does not change ARGLIST.  The RETURN_TYPE is the desired type
2829    for conversion operators.  If OBJ is NULL_TREE, FLAGS and CTYPE are
2830    as for add_function_candidate.  If an OBJ is supplied, FLAGS and
2831    CTYPE are ignored, and OBJ is as for add_conv_candidate.  */
2832 
2833 static struct z_candidate*
2834 add_template_candidate_real (struct z_candidate **candidates, tree tmpl,
2835 			     tree ctype, tree explicit_targs, tree first_arg,
2836 			     const VEC(tree,gc) *arglist, tree return_type,
2837 			     tree access_path, tree conversion_path,
2838 			     int flags, tree obj, unification_kind_t strict)
2839 {
2840   int ntparms = DECL_NTPARMS (tmpl);
2841   tree targs = make_tree_vec (ntparms);
2842   unsigned int len = VEC_length (tree, arglist);
2843   unsigned int nargs = (first_arg == NULL_TREE ? 0 : 1) + len;
2844   unsigned int skip_without_in_chrg = 0;
2845   tree first_arg_without_in_chrg = first_arg;
2846   tree *args_without_in_chrg;
2847   unsigned int nargs_without_in_chrg;
2848   unsigned int ia, ix;
2849   tree arg;
2850   struct z_candidate *cand;
2851   int i;
2852   tree fn;
2853   struct rejection_reason *reason = NULL;
2854   int errs;
2855 
2856   /* We don't do deduction on the in-charge parameter, the VTT
2857      parameter or 'this'.  */
2858   if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (tmpl))
2859     {
2860       if (first_arg_without_in_chrg != NULL_TREE)
2861 	first_arg_without_in_chrg = NULL_TREE;
2862       else
2863 	++skip_without_in_chrg;
2864     }
2865 
2866   if ((DECL_MAYBE_IN_CHARGE_CONSTRUCTOR_P (tmpl)
2867        || DECL_BASE_CONSTRUCTOR_P (tmpl))
2868       && CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (DECL_CONTEXT (tmpl)))
2869     {
2870       if (first_arg_without_in_chrg != NULL_TREE)
2871 	first_arg_without_in_chrg = NULL_TREE;
2872       else
2873 	++skip_without_in_chrg;
2874     }
2875 
2876   if (len < skip_without_in_chrg)
2877     return NULL;
2878 
2879   nargs_without_in_chrg = ((first_arg_without_in_chrg != NULL_TREE ? 1 : 0)
2880 			   + (len - skip_without_in_chrg));
2881   args_without_in_chrg = XALLOCAVEC (tree, nargs_without_in_chrg);
2882   ia = 0;
2883   if (first_arg_without_in_chrg != NULL_TREE)
2884     {
2885       args_without_in_chrg[ia] = first_arg_without_in_chrg;
2886       ++ia;
2887     }
2888   for (ix = skip_without_in_chrg;
2889        VEC_iterate (tree, arglist, ix, arg);
2890        ++ix)
2891     {
2892       args_without_in_chrg[ia] = arg;
2893       ++ia;
2894     }
2895   gcc_assert (ia == nargs_without_in_chrg);
2896 
2897   errs = errorcount+sorrycount;
2898   i = fn_type_unification (tmpl, explicit_targs, targs,
2899 			   args_without_in_chrg,
2900 			   nargs_without_in_chrg,
2901 			   return_type, strict, flags, false);
2902 
2903   if (i != 0)
2904     {
2905       /* Don't repeat unification later if it already resulted in errors.  */
2906       if (errorcount+sorrycount == errs)
2907 	reason = template_unification_rejection (tmpl, explicit_targs,
2908 						 targs, args_without_in_chrg,
2909 						 nargs_without_in_chrg,
2910 						 return_type, strict, flags);
2911       else
2912 	reason = template_unification_error_rejection ();
2913       goto fail;
2914     }
2915 
2916   fn = instantiate_template (tmpl, targs, tf_none);
2917   if (fn == error_mark_node)
2918     {
2919       reason = template_instantiation_rejection (tmpl, targs);
2920       goto fail;
2921     }
2922 
2923   /* In [class.copy]:
2924 
2925        A member function template is never instantiated to perform the
2926        copy of a class object to an object of its class type.
2927 
2928      It's a little unclear what this means; the standard explicitly
2929      does allow a template to be used to copy a class.  For example,
2930      in:
2931 
2932        struct A {
2933 	 A(A&);
2934 	 template <class T> A(const T&);
2935        };
2936        const A f ();
2937        void g () { A a (f ()); }
2938 
2939      the member template will be used to make the copy.  The section
2940      quoted above appears in the paragraph that forbids constructors
2941      whose only parameter is (a possibly cv-qualified variant of) the
2942      class type, and a logical interpretation is that the intent was
2943      to forbid the instantiation of member templates which would then
2944      have that form.  */
2945   if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn) && nargs == 2)
2946     {
2947       tree arg_types = FUNCTION_FIRST_USER_PARMTYPE (fn);
2948       if (arg_types && same_type_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_VALUE (arg_types)),
2949 				    ctype))
2950 	{
2951 	  reason = invalid_copy_with_fn_template_rejection ();
2952 	  goto fail;
2953 	}
2954     }
2955 
2956   if (obj != NULL_TREE)
2957     /* Aha, this is a conversion function.  */
2958     cand = add_conv_candidate (candidates, fn, obj, first_arg, arglist,
2959 			       access_path, conversion_path);
2960   else
2961     cand = add_function_candidate (candidates, fn, ctype,
2962 				   first_arg, arglist, access_path,
2963 				   conversion_path, flags);
2964   if (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (fn) != tmpl)
2965     /* This situation can occur if a member template of a template
2966        class is specialized.  Then, instantiate_template might return
2967        an instantiation of the specialization, in which case the
2968        DECL_TI_TEMPLATE field will point at the original
2969        specialization.  For example:
2970 
2971 	 template <class T> struct S { template <class U> void f(U);
2972 				       template <> void f(int) {}; };
2973 	 S<double> sd;
2974 	 sd.f(3);
2975 
2976        Here, TMPL will be template <class U> S<double>::f(U).
2977        And, instantiate template will give us the specialization
2978        template <> S<double>::f(int).  But, the DECL_TI_TEMPLATE field
2979        for this will point at template <class T> template <> S<T>::f(int),
2980        so that we can find the definition.  For the purposes of
2981        overload resolution, however, we want the original TMPL.  */
2982     cand->template_decl = build_template_info (tmpl, targs);
2983   else
2984     cand->template_decl = DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (fn);
2985   cand->explicit_targs = explicit_targs;
2986 
2987   return cand;
2988  fail:
2989   return add_candidate (candidates, tmpl, first_arg, arglist, nargs, NULL,
2990 			access_path, conversion_path, 0, reason);
2991 }
2992 
2993 
2994 static struct z_candidate *
2995 add_template_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates, tree tmpl, tree ctype,
2996 			tree explicit_targs, tree first_arg,
2997 			const VEC(tree,gc) *arglist, tree return_type,
2998 			tree access_path, tree conversion_path, int flags,
2999 			unification_kind_t strict)
3000 {
3001   return
3002     add_template_candidate_real (candidates, tmpl, ctype,
3003 				 explicit_targs, first_arg, arglist,
3004 				 return_type, access_path, conversion_path,
3005 				 flags, NULL_TREE, strict);
3006 }
3007 
3008 
3009 static struct z_candidate *
3010 add_template_conv_candidate (struct z_candidate **candidates, tree tmpl,
3011 			     tree obj, tree first_arg,
3012 			     const VEC(tree,gc) *arglist,
3013 			     tree return_type, tree access_path,
3014 			     tree conversion_path)
3015 {
3016   return
3017     add_template_candidate_real (candidates, tmpl, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE,
3018 				 first_arg, arglist, return_type, access_path,
3019 				 conversion_path, 0, obj, DEDUCE_CONV);
3020 }
3021 
3022 /* The CANDS are the set of candidates that were considered for
3023    overload resolution.  Return the set of viable candidates, or CANDS
3024    if none are viable.  If any of the candidates were viable, set
3025    *ANY_VIABLE_P to true.  STRICT_P is true if a candidate should be
3026    considered viable only if it is strictly viable.  */
3027 
3028 static struct z_candidate*
3029 splice_viable (struct z_candidate *cands,
3030 	       bool strict_p,
3031 	       bool *any_viable_p)
3032 {
3033   struct z_candidate *viable;
3034   struct z_candidate **last_viable;
3035   struct z_candidate **cand;
3036 
3037   /* Be strict inside templates, since build_over_call won't actually
3038      do the conversions to get pedwarns.  */
3039   if (processing_template_decl)
3040     strict_p = true;
3041 
3042   viable = NULL;
3043   last_viable = &viable;
3044   *any_viable_p = false;
3045 
3046   cand = &cands;
3047   while (*cand)
3048     {
3049       struct z_candidate *c = *cand;
3050       if (strict_p ? c->viable == 1 : c->viable)
3051 	{
3052 	  *last_viable = c;
3053 	  *cand = c->next;
3054 	  c->next = NULL;
3055 	  last_viable = &c->next;
3056 	  *any_viable_p = true;
3057 	}
3058       else
3059 	cand = &c->next;
3060     }
3061 
3062   return viable ? viable : cands;
3063 }
3064 
3065 static bool
3066 any_strictly_viable (struct z_candidate *cands)
3067 {
3068   for (; cands; cands = cands->next)
3069     if (cands->viable == 1)
3070       return true;
3071   return false;
3072 }
3073 
3074 /* OBJ is being used in an expression like "OBJ.f (...)".  In other
3075    words, it is about to become the "this" pointer for a member
3076    function call.  Take the address of the object.  */
3077 
3078 static tree
3079 build_this (tree obj)
3080 {
3081   /* In a template, we are only concerned about the type of the
3082      expression, so we can take a shortcut.  */
3083   if (processing_template_decl)
3084     return build_address (obj);
3085 
3086   return cp_build_addr_expr (obj, tf_warning_or_error);
3087 }
3088 
3089 /* Returns true iff functions are equivalent. Equivalent functions are
3090    not '==' only if one is a function-local extern function or if
3091    both are extern "C".  */
3092 
3093 static inline int
3094 equal_functions (tree fn1, tree fn2)
3095 {
3096   if (TREE_CODE (fn1) != TREE_CODE (fn2))
3097     return 0;
3098   if (TREE_CODE (fn1) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
3099     return fn1 == fn2;
3100   if (DECL_LOCAL_FUNCTION_P (fn1) || DECL_LOCAL_FUNCTION_P (fn2)
3101       || DECL_EXTERN_C_FUNCTION_P (fn1))
3102     return decls_match (fn1, fn2);
3103   return fn1 == fn2;
3104 }
3105 
3106 /* Print information about a candidate being rejected due to INFO.  */
3107 
3108 static void
3109 print_conversion_rejection (location_t loc, struct conversion_info *info)
3110 {
3111   if (info->n_arg == -1)
3112     /* Conversion of implicit `this' argument failed.  */
3113     inform (loc, "  no known conversion for implicit "
3114 	    "%<this%> parameter from %qT to %qT",
3115 	    info->from_type, info->to_type);
3116   else
3117     inform (loc, "  no known conversion for argument %d from %qT to %qT",
3118 	    info->n_arg+1, info->from_type, info->to_type);
3119 }
3120 
3121 /* Print information about a candidate with WANT parameters and we found
3122    HAVE.  */
3123 
3124 static void
3125 print_arity_information (location_t loc, unsigned int have, unsigned int want)
3126 {
3127   inform_n (loc, want,
3128 	    "  candidate expects %d argument, %d provided",
3129 	    "  candidate expects %d arguments, %d provided",
3130 	    want, have);
3131 }
3132 
3133 /* Print information about one overload candidate CANDIDATE.  MSGSTR
3134    is the text to print before the candidate itself.
3135 
3136    NOTE: Unlike most diagnostic functions in GCC, MSGSTR is expected
3137    to have been run through gettext by the caller.  This wart makes
3138    life simpler in print_z_candidates and for the translators.  */
3139 
3140 static void
3141 print_z_candidate (const char *msgstr, struct z_candidate *candidate)
3142 {
3143   const char *msg = (msgstr == NULL
3144 		     ? ""
3145 		     : ACONCAT ((msgstr, " ", NULL)));
3146   location_t loc = location_of (candidate->fn);
3147 
3148   if (TREE_CODE (candidate->fn) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
3149     {
3150       if (candidate->num_convs == 3)
3151 	inform (input_location, "%s%D(%T, %T, %T) <built-in>", msg, candidate->fn,
3152 		candidate->convs[0]->type,
3153 		candidate->convs[1]->type,
3154 		candidate->convs[2]->type);
3155       else if (candidate->num_convs == 2)
3156 	inform (input_location, "%s%D(%T, %T) <built-in>", msg, candidate->fn,
3157 		candidate->convs[0]->type,
3158 		candidate->convs[1]->type);
3159       else
3160 	inform (input_location, "%s%D(%T) <built-in>", msg, candidate->fn,
3161 		candidate->convs[0]->type);
3162     }
3163   else if (TYPE_P (candidate->fn))
3164     inform (input_location, "%s%T <conversion>", msg, candidate->fn);
3165   else if (candidate->viable == -1)
3166     inform (loc, "%s%#D <near match>", msg, candidate->fn);
3167   else if (DECL_DELETED_FN (STRIP_TEMPLATE (candidate->fn)))
3168     inform (loc, "%s%#D <deleted>", msg, candidate->fn);
3169   else
3170     inform (loc, "%s%#D", msg, candidate->fn);
3171   /* Give the user some information about why this candidate failed.  */
3172   if (candidate->reason != NULL)
3173     {
3174       struct rejection_reason *r = candidate->reason;
3175 
3176       switch (r->code)
3177 	{
3178 	case rr_arity:
3179 	  print_arity_information (loc, r->u.arity.actual,
3180 				   r->u.arity.expected);
3181 	  break;
3182 	case rr_arg_conversion:
3183 	  print_conversion_rejection (loc, &r->u.conversion);
3184 	  break;
3185 	case rr_bad_arg_conversion:
3186 	  print_conversion_rejection (loc, &r->u.bad_conversion);
3187 	  break;
3188 	case rr_explicit_conversion:
3189 	  inform (loc, "  return type %qT of explicit conversion function "
3190 		  "cannot be converted to %qT with a qualification "
3191 		  "conversion", r->u.conversion.from_type,
3192 		  r->u.conversion.to_type);
3193 	  break;
3194 	case rr_template_conversion:
3195 	  inform (loc, "  conversion from return type %qT of template "
3196 		  "conversion function specialization to %qT is not an "
3197 		  "exact match", r->u.conversion.from_type,
3198 		  r->u.conversion.to_type);
3199 	  break;
3200 	case rr_template_unification:
3201 	  /* We use template_unification_error_rejection if unification caused
3202 	     actual non-SFINAE errors, in which case we don't need to repeat
3203 	     them here.  */
3204 	  if (r->u.template_unification.tmpl == NULL_TREE)
3205 	    {
3206 	      inform (loc, "  substitution of deduced template arguments "
3207 		      "resulted in errors seen above");
3208 	      break;
3209 	    }
3210 	  /* Re-run template unification with diagnostics.  */
3211 	  inform (loc, "  template argument deduction/substitution failed:");
3212 	  fn_type_unification (r->u.template_unification.tmpl,
3213 			       r->u.template_unification.explicit_targs,
3214 			       r->u.template_unification.targs,
3215 			       r->u.template_unification.args,
3216 			       r->u.template_unification.nargs,
3217 			       r->u.template_unification.return_type,
3218 			       r->u.template_unification.strict,
3219 			       r->u.template_unification.flags,
3220 			       true);
3221 	  break;
3222 	case rr_template_instantiation:
3223 	  /* Re-run template instantiation with diagnostics.  */
3224 	  instantiate_template (r->u.template_instantiation.tmpl,
3225 				r->u.template_instantiation.targs,
3226 				tf_warning_or_error);
3227 	  break;
3228 	case rr_invalid_copy:
3229 	  inform (loc,
3230 		  "  a constructor taking a single argument of its own "
3231 		  "class type is invalid");
3232 	  break;
3233 	case rr_none:
3234 	default:
3235 	  /* This candidate didn't have any issues or we failed to
3236 	     handle a particular code.  Either way...  */
3237 	  gcc_unreachable ();
3238 	}
3239     }
3240 }
3241 
3242 static void
3243 print_z_candidates (location_t loc, struct z_candidate *candidates)
3244 {
3245   struct z_candidate *cand1;
3246   struct z_candidate **cand2;
3247   int n_candidates;
3248 
3249   if (!candidates)
3250     return;
3251 
3252   /* Remove non-viable deleted candidates.  */
3253   cand1 = candidates;
3254   for (cand2 = &cand1; *cand2; )
3255     {
3256       if (TREE_CODE ((*cand2)->fn) == FUNCTION_DECL
3257 	  && !(*cand2)->viable
3258 	  && DECL_DELETED_FN ((*cand2)->fn))
3259 	*cand2 = (*cand2)->next;
3260       else
3261 	cand2 = &(*cand2)->next;
3262     }
3263   /* ...if there are any non-deleted ones.  */
3264   if (cand1)
3265     candidates = cand1;
3266 
3267   /* There may be duplicates in the set of candidates.  We put off
3268      checking this condition as long as possible, since we have no way
3269      to eliminate duplicates from a set of functions in less than n^2
3270      time.  Now we are about to emit an error message, so it is more
3271      permissible to go slowly.  */
3272   for (cand1 = candidates; cand1; cand1 = cand1->next)
3273     {
3274       tree fn = cand1->fn;
3275       /* Skip builtin candidates and conversion functions.  */
3276       if (!DECL_P (fn))
3277 	continue;
3278       cand2 = &cand1->next;
3279       while (*cand2)
3280 	{
3281 	  if (DECL_P ((*cand2)->fn)
3282 	      && equal_functions (fn, (*cand2)->fn))
3283 	    *cand2 = (*cand2)->next;
3284 	  else
3285 	    cand2 = &(*cand2)->next;
3286 	}
3287     }
3288 
3289   for (n_candidates = 0, cand1 = candidates; cand1; cand1 = cand1->next)
3290     n_candidates++;
3291 
3292   inform_n (loc, n_candidates, "candidate is:", "candidates are:");
3293   for (; candidates; candidates = candidates->next)
3294     print_z_candidate (NULL, candidates);
3295 }
3296 
3297 /* USER_SEQ is a user-defined conversion sequence, beginning with a
3298    USER_CONV.  STD_SEQ is the standard conversion sequence applied to
3299    the result of the conversion function to convert it to the final
3300    desired type.  Merge the two sequences into a single sequence,
3301    and return the merged sequence.  */
3302 
3303 static conversion *
3304 merge_conversion_sequences (conversion *user_seq, conversion *std_seq)
3305 {
3306   conversion **t;
3307   bool bad = user_seq->bad_p;
3308 
3309   gcc_assert (user_seq->kind == ck_user);
3310 
3311   /* Find the end of the second conversion sequence.  */
3312   for (t = &std_seq; (*t)->kind != ck_identity; t = &((*t)->u.next))
3313     {
3314       /* The entire sequence is a user-conversion sequence.  */
3315       (*t)->user_conv_p = true;
3316       if (bad)
3317 	(*t)->bad_p = true;
3318     }
3319 
3320   /* Replace the identity conversion with the user conversion
3321      sequence.  */
3322   *t = user_seq;
3323 
3324   return std_seq;
3325 }
3326 
3327 /* Handle overload resolution for initializing an object of class type from
3328    an initializer list.  First we look for a suitable constructor that
3329    takes a std::initializer_list; if we don't find one, we then look for a
3330    non-list constructor.
3331 
3332    Parameters are as for add_candidates, except that the arguments are in
3333    the form of a CONSTRUCTOR (the initializer list) rather than a VEC, and
3334    the RETURN_TYPE parameter is replaced by TOTYPE, the desired type.  */
3335 
3336 static void
3337 add_list_candidates (tree fns, tree first_arg,
3338 		     tree init_list, tree totype,
3339 		     tree explicit_targs, bool template_only,
3340 		     tree conversion_path, tree access_path,
3341 		     int flags,
3342 		     struct z_candidate **candidates)
3343 {
3344   VEC(tree,gc) *args;
3345 
3346   gcc_assert (*candidates == NULL);
3347 
3348   /* We're looking for a ctor for list-initialization.  */
3349   flags |= LOOKUP_LIST_INIT_CTOR;
3350   /* And we don't allow narrowing conversions.  We also use this flag to
3351      avoid the copy constructor call for copy-list-initialization.  */
3352   flags |= LOOKUP_NO_NARROWING;
3353 
3354   /* Always use the default constructor if the list is empty (DR 990).  */
3355   if (CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (init_list) == 0
3356       && TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (totype))
3357     ;
3358   /* If the class has a list ctor, try passing the list as a single
3359      argument first, but only consider list ctors.  */
3360   else if (TYPE_HAS_LIST_CTOR (totype))
3361     {
3362       flags |= LOOKUP_LIST_ONLY;
3363       args = make_tree_vector_single (init_list);
3364       add_candidates (fns, first_arg, args, NULL_TREE,
3365 		      explicit_targs, template_only, conversion_path,
3366 		      access_path, flags, candidates);
3367       if (any_strictly_viable (*candidates))
3368 	return;
3369     }
3370 
3371   args = ctor_to_vec (init_list);
3372 
3373   /* We aren't looking for list-ctors anymore.  */
3374   flags &= ~LOOKUP_LIST_ONLY;
3375   /* We allow more user-defined conversions within an init-list.  */
3376   flags &= ~LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION;
3377 
3378   add_candidates (fns, first_arg, args, NULL_TREE,
3379 		  explicit_targs, template_only, conversion_path,
3380 		  access_path, flags, candidates);
3381 }
3382 
3383 /* Returns the best overload candidate to perform the requested
3384    conversion.  This function is used for three the overloading situations
3385    described in [over.match.copy], [over.match.conv], and [over.match.ref].
3386    If TOTYPE is a REFERENCE_TYPE, we're trying to find a direct binding as
3387    per [dcl.init.ref], so we ignore temporary bindings.  */
3388 
3389 static struct z_candidate *
3390 build_user_type_conversion_1 (tree totype, tree expr, int flags)
3391 {
3392   struct z_candidate *candidates, *cand;
3393   tree fromtype;
3394   tree ctors = NULL_TREE;
3395   tree conv_fns = NULL_TREE;
3396   conversion *conv = NULL;
3397   tree first_arg = NULL_TREE;
3398   VEC(tree,gc) *args = NULL;
3399   bool any_viable_p;
3400   int convflags;
3401 
3402   if (!expr)
3403     return NULL;
3404 
3405   fromtype = TREE_TYPE (expr);
3406 
3407   /* We represent conversion within a hierarchy using RVALUE_CONV and
3408      BASE_CONV, as specified by [over.best.ics]; these become plain
3409      constructor calls, as specified in [dcl.init].  */
3410   gcc_assert (!MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (fromtype) || !MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (totype)
3411 	      || !DERIVED_FROM_P (totype, fromtype));
3412 
3413   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (totype))
3414     /* Use lookup_fnfields_slot instead of lookup_fnfields to avoid
3415        creating a garbage BASELINK; constructors can't be inherited.  */
3416     ctors = lookup_fnfields_slot (totype, complete_ctor_identifier);
3417 
3418   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (fromtype))
3419     {
3420       tree to_nonref = non_reference (totype);
3421       if (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (to_nonref, fromtype) ||
3422 	  (CLASS_TYPE_P (to_nonref) && CLASS_TYPE_P (fromtype)
3423 	   && DERIVED_FROM_P (to_nonref, fromtype)))
3424 	{
3425 	  /* [class.conv.fct] A conversion function is never used to
3426 	     convert a (possibly cv-qualified) object to the (possibly
3427 	     cv-qualified) same object type (or a reference to it), to a
3428 	     (possibly cv-qualified) base class of that type (or a
3429 	     reference to it)...  */
3430 	}
3431       else
3432 	conv_fns = lookup_conversions (fromtype);
3433     }
3434 
3435   candidates = 0;
3436   flags |= LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION;
3437   if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr))
3438     flags |= LOOKUP_NO_NARROWING;
3439 
3440   /* It's OK to bind a temporary for converting constructor arguments, but
3441      not in converting the return value of a conversion operator.  */
3442   convflags = ((flags & LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND) | LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION);
3443   flags &= ~LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND;
3444 
3445   if (ctors)
3446     {
3447       int ctorflags = flags;
3448 
3449       first_arg = build_int_cst (build_pointer_type (totype), 0);
3450 
3451       /* We should never try to call the abstract or base constructor
3452 	 from here.  */
3453       gcc_assert (!DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (OVL_CURRENT (ctors))
3454 		  && !DECL_HAS_VTT_PARM_P (OVL_CURRENT (ctors)));
3455 
3456       if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr))
3457 	{
3458 	  /* List-initialization.  */
3459 	  add_list_candidates (ctors, first_arg, expr, totype, NULL_TREE,
3460 			       false, TYPE_BINFO (totype), TYPE_BINFO (totype),
3461 			       ctorflags, &candidates);
3462 	}
3463       else
3464 	{
3465 	  args = make_tree_vector_single (expr);
3466 	  add_candidates (ctors, first_arg, args, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE, false,
3467 			  TYPE_BINFO (totype), TYPE_BINFO (totype),
3468 			  ctorflags, &candidates);
3469 	}
3470 
3471       for (cand = candidates; cand; cand = cand->next)
3472 	{
3473 	  cand->second_conv = build_identity_conv (totype, NULL_TREE);
3474 
3475 	  /* If totype isn't a reference, and LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND isn't
3476 	     set, then this is copy-initialization.  In that case, "The
3477 	     result of the call is then used to direct-initialize the
3478 	     object that is the destination of the copy-initialization."
3479 	     [dcl.init]
3480 
3481 	     We represent this in the conversion sequence with an
3482 	     rvalue conversion, which means a constructor call.  */
3483 	  if (TREE_CODE (totype) != REFERENCE_TYPE
3484 	      && !(convflags & LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND))
3485 	    cand->second_conv
3486 	      = build_conv (ck_rvalue, totype, cand->second_conv);
3487 	}
3488     }
3489 
3490   if (conv_fns)
3491     first_arg = build_this (expr);
3492 
3493   for (; conv_fns; conv_fns = TREE_CHAIN (conv_fns))
3494     {
3495       tree conversion_path = TREE_PURPOSE (conv_fns);
3496       struct z_candidate *old_candidates;
3497 
3498       /* If we are called to convert to a reference type, we are trying to
3499 	 find a direct binding, so don't even consider temporaries.  If
3500 	 we don't find a direct binding, the caller will try again to
3501 	 look for a temporary binding.  */
3502       if (TREE_CODE (totype) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
3503 	convflags |= LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND;
3504 
3505       old_candidates = candidates;
3506       add_candidates (TREE_VALUE (conv_fns), first_arg, NULL, totype,
3507 		      NULL_TREE, false,
3508 		      conversion_path, TYPE_BINFO (fromtype),
3509 		      flags, &candidates);
3510 
3511       for (cand = candidates; cand != old_candidates; cand = cand->next)
3512 	{
3513 	  tree rettype = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (cand->fn));
3514 	  conversion *ics
3515 	    = implicit_conversion (totype,
3516 				   rettype,
3517 				   0,
3518 				   /*c_cast_p=*/false, convflags);
3519 
3520 	  /* If LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND isn't set, then this is
3521 	     copy-initialization.  In that case, "The result of the
3522 	     call is then used to direct-initialize the object that is
3523 	     the destination of the copy-initialization."  [dcl.init]
3524 
3525 	     We represent this in the conversion sequence with an
3526 	     rvalue conversion, which means a constructor call.  But
3527 	     don't add a second rvalue conversion if there's already
3528 	     one there.  Which there really shouldn't be, but it's
3529 	     harmless since we'd add it here anyway. */
3530 	  if (ics && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (totype) && ics->kind != ck_rvalue
3531 	      && !(convflags & LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND))
3532 	    ics = build_conv (ck_rvalue, totype, ics);
3533 
3534 	  cand->second_conv = ics;
3535 
3536 	  if (!ics)
3537 	    {
3538 	      cand->viable = 0;
3539 	      cand->reason = arg_conversion_rejection (NULL_TREE, -1,
3540 						       rettype, totype);
3541 	    }
3542 	  else if (DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (cand->fn)
3543 		   && ics->rank > cr_exact)
3544 	    {
3545 	      /* 13.3.1.5: For direct-initialization, those explicit
3546 		 conversion functions that are not hidden within S and
3547 		 yield type T or a type that can be converted to type T
3548 		 with a qualification conversion (4.4) are also candidate
3549 		 functions.  */
3550 	      /* 13.3.1.6 doesn't have a parallel restriction, but it should;
3551 		 I've raised this issue with the committee. --jason 9/2011 */
3552 	      cand->viable = -1;
3553 	      cand->reason = explicit_conversion_rejection (rettype, totype);
3554 	    }
3555 	  else if (cand->viable == 1 && ics->bad_p)
3556 	    {
3557 	      cand->viable = -1;
3558 	      cand->reason
3559 		= bad_arg_conversion_rejection (NULL_TREE, -1,
3560 						rettype, totype);
3561 	    }
3562 	  else if (primary_template_instantiation_p (cand->fn)
3563 		   && ics->rank > cr_exact)
3564 	    {
3565 	      /* 13.3.3.1.2: If the user-defined conversion is specified by
3566 		 a specialization of a conversion function template, the
3567 		 second standard conversion sequence shall have exact match
3568 		 rank.  */
3569 	      cand->viable = -1;
3570 	      cand->reason = template_conversion_rejection (rettype, totype);
3571 	    }
3572 	}
3573     }
3574 
3575   candidates = splice_viable (candidates, pedantic, &any_viable_p);
3576   if (!any_viable_p)
3577     {
3578       if (args)
3579 	release_tree_vector (args);
3580       return NULL;
3581     }
3582 
3583   cand = tourney (candidates);
3584   if (cand == 0)
3585     {
3586       if (flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN)
3587 	{
3588 	  error ("conversion from %qT to %qT is ambiguous",
3589 		    fromtype, totype);
3590 	  print_z_candidates (location_of (expr), candidates);
3591 	}
3592 
3593       cand = candidates;	/* any one will do */
3594       cand->second_conv = build_ambiguous_conv (totype, expr);
3595       cand->second_conv->user_conv_p = true;
3596       if (!any_strictly_viable (candidates))
3597 	cand->second_conv->bad_p = true;
3598       /* If there are viable candidates, don't set ICS_BAD_FLAG; an
3599 	 ambiguous conversion is no worse than another user-defined
3600 	 conversion.  */
3601 
3602       return cand;
3603     }
3604 
3605   /* Build the user conversion sequence.  */
3606   conv = build_conv
3607     (ck_user,
3608      (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (cand->fn)
3609       ? totype : non_reference (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (cand->fn)))),
3610      build_identity_conv (TREE_TYPE (expr), expr));
3611   conv->cand = cand;
3612   if (cand->viable == -1)
3613     conv->bad_p = true;
3614 
3615   /* Remember that this was a list-initialization.  */
3616   if (flags & LOOKUP_NO_NARROWING)
3617     conv->check_narrowing = true;
3618 
3619   /* Combine it with the second conversion sequence.  */
3620   cand->second_conv = merge_conversion_sequences (conv,
3621 						  cand->second_conv);
3622 
3623   return cand;
3624 }
3625 
3626 /* Wrapper for above. */
3627 
3628 tree
3629 build_user_type_conversion (tree totype, tree expr, int flags)
3630 {
3631   struct z_candidate *cand;
3632   tree ret;
3633 
3634   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_OVERLOAD);
3635   cand = build_user_type_conversion_1 (totype, expr, flags);
3636 
3637   if (cand)
3638     {
3639       if (cand->second_conv->kind == ck_ambig)
3640 	ret = error_mark_node;
3641       else
3642         {
3643           expr = convert_like (cand->second_conv, expr, tf_warning_or_error);
3644           ret = convert_from_reference (expr);
3645         }
3646     }
3647   else
3648     ret = NULL_TREE;
3649 
3650   timevar_cond_stop (TV_OVERLOAD, subtime);
3651   return ret;
3652 }
3653 
3654 /* Subroutine of convert_nontype_argument.
3655 
3656    EXPR is an argument for a template non-type parameter of integral or
3657    enumeration type.  Do any necessary conversions (that are permitted for
3658    non-type arguments) to convert it to the parameter type.
3659 
3660    If conversion is successful, returns the converted expression;
3661    otherwise, returns error_mark_node.  */
3662 
3663 tree
3664 build_integral_nontype_arg_conv (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
3665 {
3666   conversion *conv;
3667   void *p;
3668   tree t;
3669 
3670   if (error_operand_p (expr))
3671     return error_mark_node;
3672 
3673   gcc_assert (INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (type));
3674 
3675   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
3676   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
3677 
3678   conv = implicit_conversion (type, TREE_TYPE (expr), expr,
3679 			      /*c_cast_p=*/false,
3680 			      LOOKUP_IMPLICIT);
3681 
3682   /* for a non-type template-parameter of integral or
3683      enumeration type, integral promotions (4.5) and integral
3684      conversions (4.7) are applied.  */
3685   /* It should be sufficient to check the outermost conversion step, since
3686      there are no qualification conversions to integer type.  */
3687   if (conv)
3688     switch (conv->kind)
3689       {
3690 	/* A conversion function is OK.  If it isn't constexpr, we'll
3691 	   complain later that the argument isn't constant.  */
3692       case ck_user:
3693 	/* The lvalue-to-rvalue conversion is OK.  */
3694       case ck_rvalue:
3695       case ck_identity:
3696 	break;
3697 
3698       case ck_std:
3699 	t = conv->u.next->type;
3700 	if (INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (t))
3701 	  break;
3702 
3703 	if (complain & tf_error)
3704 	  error ("conversion from %qT to %qT not considered for "
3705 		 "non-type template argument", t, type);
3706 	/* and fall through.  */
3707 
3708       default:
3709 	conv = NULL;
3710 	break;
3711       }
3712 
3713   if (conv)
3714     expr = convert_like (conv, expr, complain);
3715   else
3716     expr = error_mark_node;
3717 
3718   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
3719   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
3720 
3721   return expr;
3722 }
3723 
3724 /* Do any initial processing on the arguments to a function call.  */
3725 
3726 static VEC(tree,gc) *
3727 resolve_args (VEC(tree,gc) *args, tsubst_flags_t complain)
3728 {
3729   unsigned int ix;
3730   tree arg;
3731 
3732   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree, args, ix, arg)
3733     {
3734       if (error_operand_p (arg))
3735 	return NULL;
3736       else if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (arg)))
3737 	{
3738 	  if (complain & tf_error)
3739 	    error ("invalid use of void expression");
3740 	  return NULL;
3741 	}
3742       else if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (arg, tf_warning_or_error))
3743 	return NULL;
3744     }
3745   return args;
3746 }
3747 
3748 /* Perform overload resolution on FN, which is called with the ARGS.
3749 
3750    Return the candidate function selected by overload resolution, or
3751    NULL if the event that overload resolution failed.  In the case
3752    that overload resolution fails, *CANDIDATES will be the set of
3753    candidates considered, and ANY_VIABLE_P will be set to true or
3754    false to indicate whether or not any of the candidates were
3755    viable.
3756 
3757    The ARGS should already have gone through RESOLVE_ARGS before this
3758    function is called.  */
3759 
3760 static struct z_candidate *
3761 perform_overload_resolution (tree fn,
3762 			     const VEC(tree,gc) *args,
3763 			     struct z_candidate **candidates,
3764 			     bool *any_viable_p)
3765 {
3766   struct z_candidate *cand;
3767   tree explicit_targs;
3768   int template_only;
3769 
3770   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_OVERLOAD);
3771 
3772   explicit_targs = NULL_TREE;
3773   template_only = 0;
3774 
3775   *candidates = NULL;
3776   *any_viable_p = true;
3777 
3778   /* Check FN.  */
3779   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL
3780 	      || TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL
3781 	      || TREE_CODE (fn) == OVERLOAD
3782 	      || TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR);
3783 
3784   if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
3785     {
3786       explicit_targs = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 1);
3787       fn = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
3788       template_only = 1;
3789     }
3790 
3791   /* Add the various candidate functions.  */
3792   add_candidates (fn, NULL_TREE, args, NULL_TREE,
3793 		  explicit_targs, template_only,
3794 		  /*conversion_path=*/NULL_TREE,
3795 		  /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE,
3796 		  LOOKUP_NORMAL,
3797 		  candidates);
3798 
3799   *candidates = splice_viable (*candidates, pedantic, any_viable_p);
3800   if (*any_viable_p)
3801     cand = tourney (*candidates);
3802   else
3803     cand = NULL;
3804 
3805   timevar_cond_stop (TV_OVERLOAD, subtime);
3806   return cand;
3807 }
3808 
3809 /* Print an error message about being unable to build a call to FN with
3810    ARGS.  ANY_VIABLE_P indicates whether any candidate functions could
3811    be located; CANDIDATES is a possibly empty list of such
3812    functions.  */
3813 
3814 static void
3815 print_error_for_call_failure (tree fn, VEC(tree,gc) *args, bool any_viable_p,
3816 			      struct z_candidate *candidates)
3817 {
3818   tree name = DECL_NAME (OVL_CURRENT (fn));
3819   location_t loc = location_of (name);
3820 
3821   if (!any_viable_p)
3822     error_at (loc, "no matching function for call to %<%D(%A)%>",
3823 	      name, build_tree_list_vec (args));
3824   else
3825     error_at (loc, "call of overloaded %<%D(%A)%> is ambiguous",
3826 	      name, build_tree_list_vec (args));
3827   if (candidates)
3828     print_z_candidates (loc, candidates);
3829 }
3830 
3831 /* Return an expression for a call to FN (a namespace-scope function,
3832    or a static member function) with the ARGS.  This may change
3833    ARGS.  */
3834 
3835 tree
3836 build_new_function_call (tree fn, VEC(tree,gc) **args, bool koenig_p,
3837 			 tsubst_flags_t complain)
3838 {
3839   struct z_candidate *candidates, *cand;
3840   bool any_viable_p;
3841   void *p;
3842   tree result;
3843 
3844   if (args != NULL && *args != NULL)
3845     {
3846       *args = resolve_args (*args, complain);
3847       if (*args == NULL)
3848 	return error_mark_node;
3849     }
3850 
3851   if (flag_tm)
3852     tm_malloc_replacement (fn);
3853 
3854   /* If this function was found without using argument dependent
3855      lookup, then we want to ignore any undeclared friend
3856      functions.  */
3857   if (!koenig_p)
3858     {
3859       tree orig_fn = fn;
3860 
3861       fn = remove_hidden_names (fn);
3862       if (!fn)
3863 	{
3864 	  if (complain & tf_error)
3865 	    print_error_for_call_failure (orig_fn, *args, false, NULL);
3866 	  return error_mark_node;
3867 	}
3868     }
3869 
3870   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
3871   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
3872 
3873   cand = perform_overload_resolution (fn, *args, &candidates, &any_viable_p);
3874 
3875   if (!cand)
3876     {
3877       if (complain & tf_error)
3878 	{
3879 	  if (!any_viable_p && candidates && ! candidates->next
3880 	      && (TREE_CODE (candidates->fn) == FUNCTION_DECL))
3881 	    return cp_build_function_call_vec (candidates->fn, args, complain);
3882 	  if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
3883 	    fn = TREE_OPERAND (fn, 0);
3884 	  print_error_for_call_failure (fn, *args, any_viable_p, candidates);
3885 	}
3886       result = error_mark_node;
3887     }
3888   else
3889     {
3890       int flags = LOOKUP_NORMAL;
3891       /* If fn is template_id_expr, the call has explicit template arguments
3892          (e.g. func<int>(5)), communicate this info to build_over_call
3893          through flags so that later we can use it to decide whether to warn
3894          about peculiar null pointer conversion.  */
3895       if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
3896         flags |= LOOKUP_EXPLICIT_TMPL_ARGS;
3897       result = build_over_call (cand, flags, complain);
3898     }
3899 
3900   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
3901   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
3902 
3903   return result;
3904 }
3905 
3906 /* Build a call to a global operator new.  FNNAME is the name of the
3907    operator (either "operator new" or "operator new[]") and ARGS are
3908    the arguments provided.  This may change ARGS.  *SIZE points to the
3909    total number of bytes required by the allocation, and is updated if
3910    that is changed here.  *COOKIE_SIZE is non-NULL if a cookie should
3911    be used.  If this function determines that no cookie should be
3912    used, after all, *COOKIE_SIZE is set to NULL_TREE.  If FN is
3913    non-NULL, it will be set, upon return, to the allocation function
3914    called.  */
3915 
3916 tree
3917 build_operator_new_call (tree fnname, VEC(tree,gc) **args,
3918 			 tree *size, tree *cookie_size,
3919 			 tree *fn)
3920 {
3921   tree fns;
3922   struct z_candidate *candidates;
3923   struct z_candidate *cand;
3924   bool any_viable_p;
3925 
3926   if (fn)
3927     *fn = NULL_TREE;
3928   VEC_safe_insert (tree, gc, *args, 0, *size);
3929   *args = resolve_args (*args, tf_warning_or_error);
3930   if (*args == NULL)
3931     return error_mark_node;
3932 
3933   /* Based on:
3934 
3935        [expr.new]
3936 
3937        If this lookup fails to find the name, or if the allocated type
3938        is not a class type, the allocation function's name is looked
3939        up in the global scope.
3940 
3941      we disregard block-scope declarations of "operator new".  */
3942   fns = lookup_function_nonclass (fnname, *args, /*block_p=*/false);
3943 
3944   /* Figure out what function is being called.  */
3945   cand = perform_overload_resolution (fns, *args, &candidates, &any_viable_p);
3946 
3947   /* If no suitable function could be found, issue an error message
3948      and give up.  */
3949   if (!cand)
3950     {
3951       print_error_for_call_failure (fns, *args, any_viable_p, candidates);
3952       return error_mark_node;
3953     }
3954 
3955    /* If a cookie is required, add some extra space.  Whether
3956       or not a cookie is required cannot be determined until
3957       after we know which function was called.  */
3958    if (*cookie_size)
3959      {
3960        bool use_cookie = true;
3961        if (!abi_version_at_least (2))
3962 	 {
3963 	   /* In G++ 3.2, the check was implemented incorrectly; it
3964 	      looked at the placement expression, rather than the
3965 	      type of the function.  */
3966 	   if (VEC_length (tree, *args) == 2
3967 	       && same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (VEC_index (tree, *args, 1)),
3968 			       ptr_type_node))
3969 	     use_cookie = false;
3970 	 }
3971        else
3972 	 {
3973 	   tree arg_types;
3974 
3975 	   arg_types = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (cand->fn));
3976 	   /* Skip the size_t parameter.  */
3977 	   arg_types = TREE_CHAIN (arg_types);
3978 	   /* Check the remaining parameters (if any).  */
3979 	   if (arg_types
3980 	       && TREE_CHAIN (arg_types) == void_list_node
3981 	       && same_type_p (TREE_VALUE (arg_types),
3982 			       ptr_type_node))
3983 	     use_cookie = false;
3984 	 }
3985        /* If we need a cookie, adjust the number of bytes allocated.  */
3986        if (use_cookie)
3987 	 {
3988 	   /* Update the total size.  */
3989 	   *size = size_binop (PLUS_EXPR, *size, *cookie_size);
3990 	   /* Update the argument list to reflect the adjusted size.  */
3991 	   VEC_replace (tree, *args, 0, *size);
3992 	 }
3993        else
3994 	 *cookie_size = NULL_TREE;
3995      }
3996 
3997    /* Tell our caller which function we decided to call.  */
3998    if (fn)
3999      *fn = cand->fn;
4000 
4001    /* Build the CALL_EXPR.  */
4002    return build_over_call (cand, LOOKUP_NORMAL, tf_warning_or_error);
4003 }
4004 
4005 /* Build a new call to operator().  This may change ARGS.  */
4006 
4007 static tree
4008 build_op_call_1 (tree obj, VEC(tree,gc) **args, tsubst_flags_t complain)
4009 {
4010   struct z_candidate *candidates = 0, *cand;
4011   tree fns, convs, first_mem_arg = NULL_TREE;
4012   tree type = TREE_TYPE (obj);
4013   bool any_viable_p;
4014   tree result = NULL_TREE;
4015   void *p;
4016 
4017   if (error_operand_p (obj))
4018     return error_mark_node;
4019 
4020   obj = prep_operand (obj);
4021 
4022   if (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (type))
4023     {
4024       if (complain & tf_error)
4025         /* It's no good looking for an overloaded operator() on a
4026            pointer-to-member-function.  */
4027         error ("pointer-to-member function %E cannot be called without an object; consider using .* or ->*", obj);
4028       return error_mark_node;
4029     }
4030 
4031   if (TYPE_BINFO (type))
4032     {
4033       fns = lookup_fnfields (TYPE_BINFO (type), ansi_opname (CALL_EXPR), 1);
4034       if (fns == error_mark_node)
4035 	return error_mark_node;
4036     }
4037   else
4038     fns = NULL_TREE;
4039 
4040   if (args != NULL && *args != NULL)
4041     {
4042       *args = resolve_args (*args, complain);
4043       if (*args == NULL)
4044 	return error_mark_node;
4045     }
4046 
4047   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
4048   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
4049 
4050   if (fns)
4051     {
4052       first_mem_arg = build_this (obj);
4053 
4054       add_candidates (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns),
4055 		      first_mem_arg, *args, NULL_TREE,
4056 		      NULL_TREE, false,
4057 		      BASELINK_BINFO (fns), BASELINK_ACCESS_BINFO (fns),
4058 		      LOOKUP_NORMAL, &candidates);
4059     }
4060 
4061   convs = lookup_conversions (type);
4062 
4063   for (; convs; convs = TREE_CHAIN (convs))
4064     {
4065       tree fns = TREE_VALUE (convs);
4066       tree totype = TREE_TYPE (convs);
4067 
4068       if ((TREE_CODE (totype) == POINTER_TYPE
4069 	   && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (totype)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
4070 	  || (TREE_CODE (totype) == REFERENCE_TYPE
4071 	      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (totype)) == FUNCTION_TYPE)
4072 	  || (TREE_CODE (totype) == REFERENCE_TYPE
4073 	      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (totype)) == POINTER_TYPE
4074 	      && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (totype))) == FUNCTION_TYPE))
4075 	for (; fns; fns = OVL_NEXT (fns))
4076 	  {
4077 	    tree fn = OVL_CURRENT (fns);
4078 
4079 	    if (DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (fn))
4080 	      continue;
4081 
4082 	    if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
4083 	      add_template_conv_candidate
4084 		(&candidates, fn, obj, NULL_TREE, *args, totype,
4085 		 /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE,
4086 		 /*conversion_path=*/NULL_TREE);
4087 	    else
4088 	      add_conv_candidate (&candidates, fn, obj, NULL_TREE,
4089 				  *args, /*conversion_path=*/NULL_TREE,
4090 				  /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE);
4091 	  }
4092     }
4093 
4094   candidates = splice_viable (candidates, pedantic, &any_viable_p);
4095   if (!any_viable_p)
4096     {
4097       if (complain & tf_error)
4098         {
4099           error ("no match for call to %<(%T) (%A)%>", TREE_TYPE (obj),
4100 		 build_tree_list_vec (*args));
4101           print_z_candidates (location_of (TREE_TYPE (obj)), candidates);
4102         }
4103       result = error_mark_node;
4104     }
4105   else
4106     {
4107       cand = tourney (candidates);
4108       if (cand == 0)
4109 	{
4110           if (complain & tf_error)
4111             {
4112               error ("call of %<(%T) (%A)%> is ambiguous",
4113                      TREE_TYPE (obj), build_tree_list_vec (*args));
4114               print_z_candidates (location_of (TREE_TYPE (obj)), candidates);
4115             }
4116 	  result = error_mark_node;
4117 	}
4118       /* Since cand->fn will be a type, not a function, for a conversion
4119 	 function, we must be careful not to unconditionally look at
4120 	 DECL_NAME here.  */
4121       else if (TREE_CODE (cand->fn) == FUNCTION_DECL
4122 	       && DECL_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_P (cand->fn) == CALL_EXPR)
4123 	result = build_over_call (cand, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
4124       else
4125 	{
4126 	  obj = convert_like_with_context (cand->convs[0], obj, cand->fn, -1,
4127 					   complain);
4128 	  obj = convert_from_reference (obj);
4129 	  result = cp_build_function_call_vec (obj, args, complain);
4130 	}
4131     }
4132 
4133   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
4134   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
4135 
4136   return result;
4137 }
4138 
4139 /* Wrapper for above.  */
4140 
4141 tree
4142 build_op_call (tree obj, VEC(tree,gc) **args, tsubst_flags_t complain)
4143 {
4144   tree ret;
4145   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_OVERLOAD);
4146   ret = build_op_call_1 (obj, args, complain);
4147   timevar_cond_stop (TV_OVERLOAD, subtime);
4148   return ret;
4149 }
4150 
4151 static void
4152 op_error (enum tree_code code, enum tree_code code2,
4153 	  tree arg1, tree arg2, tree arg3, bool match)
4154 {
4155   const char *opname;
4156 
4157   if (code == MODIFY_EXPR)
4158     opname = assignment_operator_name_info[code2].name;
4159   else
4160     opname = operator_name_info[code].name;
4161 
4162   switch (code)
4163     {
4164     case COND_EXPR:
4165       if (match)
4166         error ("ambiguous overload for ternary %<operator?:%> "
4167                "in %<%E ? %E : %E%>", arg1, arg2, arg3);
4168       else
4169         error ("no match for ternary %<operator?:%> "
4170                "in %<%E ? %E : %E%>", arg1, arg2, arg3);
4171       break;
4172 
4173     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
4174     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
4175       if (match)
4176         error ("ambiguous overload for %<operator%s%> in %<%E%s%>",
4177                opname, arg1, opname);
4178       else
4179         error ("no match for %<operator%s%> in %<%E%s%>",
4180                opname, arg1, opname);
4181       break;
4182 
4183     case ARRAY_REF:
4184       if (match)
4185         error ("ambiguous overload for %<operator[]%> in %<%E[%E]%>",
4186                arg1, arg2);
4187       else
4188         error ("no match for %<operator[]%> in %<%E[%E]%>",
4189                arg1, arg2);
4190       break;
4191 
4192     case REALPART_EXPR:
4193     case IMAGPART_EXPR:
4194       if (match)
4195         error ("ambiguous overload for %qs in %<%s %E%>",
4196                opname, opname, arg1);
4197       else
4198         error ("no match for %qs in %<%s %E%>",
4199                opname, opname, arg1);
4200       break;
4201 
4202     default:
4203       if (arg2)
4204         if (match)
4205           error ("ambiguous overload for %<operator%s%> in %<%E %s %E%>",
4206                   opname, arg1, opname, arg2);
4207         else
4208           error ("no match for %<operator%s%> in %<%E %s %E%>",
4209                  opname, arg1, opname, arg2);
4210       else
4211         if (match)
4212           error ("ambiguous overload for %<operator%s%> in %<%s%E%>",
4213                  opname, opname, arg1);
4214         else
4215           error ("no match for %<operator%s%> in %<%s%E%>",
4216                  opname, opname, arg1);
4217       break;
4218     }
4219 }
4220 
4221 /* Return the implicit conversion sequence that could be used to
4222    convert E1 to E2 in [expr.cond].  */
4223 
4224 static conversion *
4225 conditional_conversion (tree e1, tree e2)
4226 {
4227   tree t1 = non_reference (TREE_TYPE (e1));
4228   tree t2 = non_reference (TREE_TYPE (e2));
4229   conversion *conv;
4230   bool good_base;
4231 
4232   /* [expr.cond]
4233 
4234      If E2 is an lvalue: E1 can be converted to match E2 if E1 can be
4235      implicitly converted (clause _conv_) to the type "lvalue reference to
4236      T2", subject to the constraint that in the conversion the
4237      reference must bind directly (_dcl.init.ref_) to an lvalue.  */
4238   if (real_lvalue_p (e2))
4239     {
4240       conv = implicit_conversion (build_reference_type (t2),
4241 				  t1,
4242 				  e1,
4243 				  /*c_cast_p=*/false,
4244 				  LOOKUP_NO_TEMP_BIND|LOOKUP_NO_RVAL_BIND
4245 				  |LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING);
4246       if (conv)
4247 	return conv;
4248     }
4249 
4250   /* [expr.cond]
4251 
4252      If E1 and E2 have class type, and the underlying class types are
4253      the same or one is a base class of the other: E1 can be converted
4254      to match E2 if the class of T2 is the same type as, or a base
4255      class of, the class of T1, and the cv-qualification of T2 is the
4256      same cv-qualification as, or a greater cv-qualification than, the
4257      cv-qualification of T1.  If the conversion is applied, E1 is
4258      changed to an rvalue of type T2 that still refers to the original
4259      source class object (or the appropriate subobject thereof).  */
4260   if (CLASS_TYPE_P (t1) && CLASS_TYPE_P (t2)
4261       && ((good_base = DERIVED_FROM_P (t2, t1)) || DERIVED_FROM_P (t1, t2)))
4262     {
4263       if (good_base && at_least_as_qualified_p (t2, t1))
4264 	{
4265 	  conv = build_identity_conv (t1, e1);
4266 	  if (!same_type_p (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t1),
4267 			    TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (t2)))
4268 	    conv = build_conv (ck_base, t2, conv);
4269 	  else
4270 	    conv = build_conv (ck_rvalue, t2, conv);
4271 	  return conv;
4272 	}
4273       else
4274 	return NULL;
4275     }
4276   else
4277     /* [expr.cond]
4278 
4279        Otherwise: E1 can be converted to match E2 if E1 can be implicitly
4280        converted to the type that expression E2 would have if E2 were
4281        converted to an rvalue (or the type it has, if E2 is an rvalue).  */
4282     return implicit_conversion (t2, t1, e1, /*c_cast_p=*/false,
4283 				LOOKUP_IMPLICIT);
4284 }
4285 
4286 /* Implement [expr.cond].  ARG1, ARG2, and ARG3 are the three
4287    arguments to the conditional expression.  */
4288 
4289 static tree
4290 build_conditional_expr_1 (tree arg1, tree arg2, tree arg3,
4291                           tsubst_flags_t complain)
4292 {
4293   tree arg2_type;
4294   tree arg3_type;
4295   tree result = NULL_TREE;
4296   tree result_type = NULL_TREE;
4297   bool lvalue_p = true;
4298   struct z_candidate *candidates = 0;
4299   struct z_candidate *cand;
4300   void *p;
4301 
4302   /* As a G++ extension, the second argument to the conditional can be
4303      omitted.  (So that `a ? : c' is roughly equivalent to `a ? a :
4304      c'.)  If the second operand is omitted, make sure it is
4305      calculated only once.  */
4306   if (!arg2)
4307     {
4308       if (complain & tf_error)
4309 	pedwarn (input_location, OPT_pedantic,
4310 		 "ISO C++ forbids omitting the middle term of a ?: expression");
4311 
4312       /* Make sure that lvalues remain lvalues.  See g++.oliva/ext1.C.  */
4313       if (real_lvalue_p (arg1))
4314 	arg2 = arg1 = stabilize_reference (arg1);
4315       else
4316 	arg2 = arg1 = save_expr (arg1);
4317     }
4318 
4319   /* [expr.cond]
4320 
4321      The first expression is implicitly converted to bool (clause
4322      _conv_).  */
4323   arg1 = perform_implicit_conversion_flags (boolean_type_node, arg1, complain,
4324 					    LOOKUP_NORMAL);
4325 
4326   /* If something has already gone wrong, just pass that fact up the
4327      tree.  */
4328   if (error_operand_p (arg1)
4329       || error_operand_p (arg2)
4330       || error_operand_p (arg3))
4331     return error_mark_node;
4332 
4333   /* [expr.cond]
4334 
4335      If either the second or the third operand has type (possibly
4336      cv-qualified) void, then the lvalue-to-rvalue (_conv.lval_),
4337      array-to-pointer (_conv.array_), and function-to-pointer
4338      (_conv.func_) standard conversions are performed on the second
4339      and third operands.  */
4340   arg2_type = unlowered_expr_type (arg2);
4341   arg3_type = unlowered_expr_type (arg3);
4342   if (VOID_TYPE_P (arg2_type) || VOID_TYPE_P (arg3_type))
4343     {
4344       /* Do the conversions.  We don't these for `void' type arguments
4345 	 since it can't have any effect and since decay_conversion
4346 	 does not handle that case gracefully.  */
4347       if (!VOID_TYPE_P (arg2_type))
4348 	arg2 = decay_conversion (arg2);
4349       if (!VOID_TYPE_P (arg3_type))
4350 	arg3 = decay_conversion (arg3);
4351       arg2_type = TREE_TYPE (arg2);
4352       arg3_type = TREE_TYPE (arg3);
4353 
4354       /* [expr.cond]
4355 
4356 	 One of the following shall hold:
4357 
4358 	 --The second or the third operand (but not both) is a
4359 	   throw-expression (_except.throw_); the result is of the
4360 	   type of the other and is an rvalue.
4361 
4362 	 --Both the second and the third operands have type void; the
4363 	   result is of type void and is an rvalue.
4364 
4365 	 We must avoid calling force_rvalue for expressions of type
4366 	 "void" because it will complain that their value is being
4367 	 used.  */
4368       if (TREE_CODE (arg2) == THROW_EXPR
4369 	  && TREE_CODE (arg3) != THROW_EXPR)
4370 	{
4371 	  if (!VOID_TYPE_P (arg3_type))
4372 	    {
4373 	      arg3 = force_rvalue (arg3, complain);
4374 	      if (arg3 == error_mark_node)
4375 		return error_mark_node;
4376 	    }
4377 	  arg3_type = TREE_TYPE (arg3);
4378 	  result_type = arg3_type;
4379 	}
4380       else if (TREE_CODE (arg2) != THROW_EXPR
4381 	       && TREE_CODE (arg3) == THROW_EXPR)
4382 	{
4383 	  if (!VOID_TYPE_P (arg2_type))
4384 	    {
4385 	      arg2 = force_rvalue (arg2, complain);
4386 	      if (arg2 == error_mark_node)
4387 		return error_mark_node;
4388 	    }
4389 	  arg2_type = TREE_TYPE (arg2);
4390 	  result_type = arg2_type;
4391 	}
4392       else if (VOID_TYPE_P (arg2_type) && VOID_TYPE_P (arg3_type))
4393 	result_type = void_type_node;
4394       else
4395 	{
4396           if (complain & tf_error)
4397             {
4398               if (VOID_TYPE_P (arg2_type))
4399                 error ("second operand to the conditional operator "
4400                        "is of type %<void%>, "
4401                        "but the third operand is neither a throw-expression "
4402                        "nor of type %<void%>");
4403               else
4404                 error ("third operand to the conditional operator "
4405                        "is of type %<void%>, "
4406                        "but the second operand is neither a throw-expression "
4407                        "nor of type %<void%>");
4408             }
4409 	  return error_mark_node;
4410 	}
4411 
4412       lvalue_p = false;
4413       goto valid_operands;
4414     }
4415   /* [expr.cond]
4416 
4417      Otherwise, if the second and third operand have different types,
4418      and either has (possibly cv-qualified) class type, an attempt is
4419      made to convert each of those operands to the type of the other.  */
4420   else if (!same_type_p (arg2_type, arg3_type)
4421 	   && (CLASS_TYPE_P (arg2_type) || CLASS_TYPE_P (arg3_type)))
4422     {
4423       conversion *conv2;
4424       conversion *conv3;
4425 
4426       /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
4427       p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
4428 
4429       conv2 = conditional_conversion (arg2, arg3);
4430       conv3 = conditional_conversion (arg3, arg2);
4431 
4432       /* [expr.cond]
4433 
4434 	 If both can be converted, or one can be converted but the
4435 	 conversion is ambiguous, the program is ill-formed.  If
4436 	 neither can be converted, the operands are left unchanged and
4437 	 further checking is performed as described below.  If exactly
4438 	 one conversion is possible, that conversion is applied to the
4439 	 chosen operand and the converted operand is used in place of
4440 	 the original operand for the remainder of this section.  */
4441       if ((conv2 && !conv2->bad_p
4442 	   && conv3 && !conv3->bad_p)
4443 	  || (conv2 && conv2->kind == ck_ambig)
4444 	  || (conv3 && conv3->kind == ck_ambig))
4445 	{
4446 	  error ("operands to ?: have different types %qT and %qT",
4447 		 arg2_type, arg3_type);
4448 	  result = error_mark_node;
4449 	}
4450       else if (conv2 && (!conv2->bad_p || !conv3))
4451 	{
4452 	  arg2 = convert_like (conv2, arg2, complain);
4453 	  arg2 = convert_from_reference (arg2);
4454 	  arg2_type = TREE_TYPE (arg2);
4455 	  /* Even if CONV2 is a valid conversion, the result of the
4456 	     conversion may be invalid.  For example, if ARG3 has type
4457 	     "volatile X", and X does not have a copy constructor
4458 	     accepting a "volatile X&", then even if ARG2 can be
4459 	     converted to X, the conversion will fail.  */
4460 	  if (error_operand_p (arg2))
4461 	    result = error_mark_node;
4462 	}
4463       else if (conv3 && (!conv3->bad_p || !conv2))
4464 	{
4465 	  arg3 = convert_like (conv3, arg3, complain);
4466 	  arg3 = convert_from_reference (arg3);
4467 	  arg3_type = TREE_TYPE (arg3);
4468 	  if (error_operand_p (arg3))
4469 	    result = error_mark_node;
4470 	}
4471 
4472       /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
4473       obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
4474 
4475       if (result)
4476 	return result;
4477 
4478       /* If, after the conversion, both operands have class type,
4479 	 treat the cv-qualification of both operands as if it were the
4480 	 union of the cv-qualification of the operands.
4481 
4482 	 The standard is not clear about what to do in this
4483 	 circumstance.  For example, if the first operand has type
4484 	 "const X" and the second operand has a user-defined
4485 	 conversion to "volatile X", what is the type of the second
4486 	 operand after this step?  Making it be "const X" (matching
4487 	 the first operand) seems wrong, as that discards the
4488 	 qualification without actually performing a copy.  Leaving it
4489 	 as "volatile X" seems wrong as that will result in the
4490 	 conditional expression failing altogether, even though,
4491 	 according to this step, the one operand could be converted to
4492 	 the type of the other.  */
4493       if ((conv2 || conv3)
4494 	  && CLASS_TYPE_P (arg2_type)
4495 	  && cp_type_quals (arg2_type) != cp_type_quals (arg3_type))
4496 	arg2_type = arg3_type =
4497 	  cp_build_qualified_type (arg2_type,
4498 				   cp_type_quals (arg2_type)
4499 				   | cp_type_quals (arg3_type));
4500     }
4501 
4502   /* [expr.cond]
4503 
4504      If the second and third operands are lvalues and have the same
4505      type, the result is of that type and is an lvalue.  */
4506   if (real_lvalue_p (arg2)
4507       && real_lvalue_p (arg3)
4508       && same_type_p (arg2_type, arg3_type))
4509     {
4510       result_type = arg2_type;
4511       arg2 = mark_lvalue_use (arg2);
4512       arg3 = mark_lvalue_use (arg3);
4513       goto valid_operands;
4514     }
4515 
4516   /* [expr.cond]
4517 
4518      Otherwise, the result is an rvalue.  If the second and third
4519      operand do not have the same type, and either has (possibly
4520      cv-qualified) class type, overload resolution is used to
4521      determine the conversions (if any) to be applied to the operands
4522      (_over.match.oper_, _over.built_).  */
4523   lvalue_p = false;
4524   if (!same_type_p (arg2_type, arg3_type)
4525       && (CLASS_TYPE_P (arg2_type) || CLASS_TYPE_P (arg3_type)))
4526     {
4527       tree args[3];
4528       conversion *conv;
4529       bool any_viable_p;
4530 
4531       /* Rearrange the arguments so that add_builtin_candidate only has
4532 	 to know about two args.  In build_builtin_candidate, the
4533 	 arguments are unscrambled.  */
4534       args[0] = arg2;
4535       args[1] = arg3;
4536       args[2] = arg1;
4537       add_builtin_candidates (&candidates,
4538 			      COND_EXPR,
4539 			      NOP_EXPR,
4540 			      ansi_opname (COND_EXPR),
4541 			      args,
4542 			      LOOKUP_NORMAL);
4543 
4544       /* [expr.cond]
4545 
4546 	 If the overload resolution fails, the program is
4547 	 ill-formed.  */
4548       candidates = splice_viable (candidates, pedantic, &any_viable_p);
4549       if (!any_viable_p)
4550 	{
4551           if (complain & tf_error)
4552             {
4553               op_error (COND_EXPR, NOP_EXPR, arg1, arg2, arg3, FALSE);
4554               print_z_candidates (location_of (arg1), candidates);
4555             }
4556 	  return error_mark_node;
4557 	}
4558       cand = tourney (candidates);
4559       if (!cand)
4560 	{
4561           if (complain & tf_error)
4562             {
4563               op_error (COND_EXPR, NOP_EXPR, arg1, arg2, arg3, FALSE);
4564               print_z_candidates (location_of (arg1), candidates);
4565             }
4566 	  return error_mark_node;
4567 	}
4568 
4569       /* [expr.cond]
4570 
4571 	 Otherwise, the conversions thus determined are applied, and
4572 	 the converted operands are used in place of the original
4573 	 operands for the remainder of this section.  */
4574       conv = cand->convs[0];
4575       arg1 = convert_like (conv, arg1, complain);
4576       conv = cand->convs[1];
4577       arg2 = convert_like (conv, arg2, complain);
4578       arg2_type = TREE_TYPE (arg2);
4579       conv = cand->convs[2];
4580       arg3 = convert_like (conv, arg3, complain);
4581       arg3_type = TREE_TYPE (arg3);
4582     }
4583 
4584   /* [expr.cond]
4585 
4586      Lvalue-to-rvalue (_conv.lval_), array-to-pointer (_conv.array_),
4587      and function-to-pointer (_conv.func_) standard conversions are
4588      performed on the second and third operands.
4589 
4590      We need to force the lvalue-to-rvalue conversion here for class types,
4591      so we get TARGET_EXPRs; trying to deal with a COND_EXPR of class rvalues
4592      that isn't wrapped with a TARGET_EXPR plays havoc with exception
4593      regions.  */
4594 
4595   arg2 = force_rvalue (arg2, complain);
4596   if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (arg2_type))
4597     arg2_type = TREE_TYPE (arg2);
4598 
4599   arg3 = force_rvalue (arg3, complain);
4600   if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (arg3_type))
4601     arg3_type = TREE_TYPE (arg3);
4602 
4603   if (arg2 == error_mark_node || arg3 == error_mark_node)
4604     return error_mark_node;
4605 
4606   /* [expr.cond]
4607 
4608      After those conversions, one of the following shall hold:
4609 
4610      --The second and third operands have the same type; the result  is  of
4611        that type.  */
4612   if (same_type_p (arg2_type, arg3_type))
4613     result_type = arg2_type;
4614   /* [expr.cond]
4615 
4616      --The second and third operands have arithmetic or enumeration
4617        type; the usual arithmetic conversions are performed to bring
4618        them to a common type, and the result is of that type.  */
4619   else if ((ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (arg2_type)
4620 	    || UNSCOPED_ENUM_P (arg2_type))
4621 	   && (ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (arg3_type)
4622 	       || UNSCOPED_ENUM_P (arg3_type)))
4623     {
4624       /* In this case, there is always a common type.  */
4625       result_type = type_after_usual_arithmetic_conversions (arg2_type,
4626 							     arg3_type);
4627       do_warn_double_promotion (result_type, arg2_type, arg3_type,
4628 				"implicit conversion from %qT to %qT to "
4629 				"match other result of conditional",
4630 				input_location);
4631 
4632       if (TREE_CODE (arg2_type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
4633 	  && TREE_CODE (arg3_type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE)
4634         {
4635           if (complain & tf_warning)
4636             warning (OPT_Wenum_compare,
4637                      "enumeral mismatch in conditional expression: %qT vs %qT",
4638                      arg2_type, arg3_type);
4639         }
4640       else if (extra_warnings
4641 	       && ((TREE_CODE (arg2_type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
4642 		    && !same_type_p (arg3_type, type_promotes_to (arg2_type)))
4643 		   || (TREE_CODE (arg3_type) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
4644 		       && !same_type_p (arg2_type, type_promotes_to (arg3_type)))))
4645         {
4646           if (complain & tf_warning)
4647             warning (0,
4648                      "enumeral and non-enumeral type in conditional expression");
4649         }
4650 
4651       arg2 = perform_implicit_conversion (result_type, arg2, complain);
4652       arg3 = perform_implicit_conversion (result_type, arg3, complain);
4653     }
4654   /* [expr.cond]
4655 
4656      --The second and third operands have pointer type, or one has
4657        pointer type and the other is a null pointer constant; pointer
4658        conversions (_conv.ptr_) and qualification conversions
4659        (_conv.qual_) are performed to bring them to their composite
4660        pointer type (_expr.rel_).  The result is of the composite
4661        pointer type.
4662 
4663      --The second and third operands have pointer to member type, or
4664        one has pointer to member type and the other is a null pointer
4665        constant; pointer to member conversions (_conv.mem_) and
4666        qualification conversions (_conv.qual_) are performed to bring
4667        them to a common type, whose cv-qualification shall match the
4668        cv-qualification of either the second or the third operand.
4669        The result is of the common type.  */
4670   else if ((null_ptr_cst_p (arg2)
4671 	    && (TYPE_PTR_P (arg3_type) || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (arg3_type)))
4672 	   || (null_ptr_cst_p (arg3)
4673 	       && (TYPE_PTR_P (arg2_type) || TYPE_PTR_TO_MEMBER_P (arg2_type)))
4674 	   || (TYPE_PTR_P (arg2_type) && TYPE_PTR_P (arg3_type))
4675 	   || (TYPE_PTRMEM_P (arg2_type) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (arg3_type))
4676 	   || (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (arg2_type) && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (arg3_type)))
4677     {
4678       result_type = composite_pointer_type (arg2_type, arg3_type, arg2,
4679 					    arg3, CPO_CONDITIONAL_EXPR,
4680 					    complain);
4681       if (result_type == error_mark_node)
4682 	return error_mark_node;
4683       arg2 = perform_implicit_conversion (result_type, arg2, complain);
4684       arg3 = perform_implicit_conversion (result_type, arg3, complain);
4685     }
4686 
4687   if (!result_type)
4688     {
4689       if (complain & tf_error)
4690         error ("operands to ?: have different types %qT and %qT",
4691                arg2_type, arg3_type);
4692       return error_mark_node;
4693     }
4694 
4695  valid_operands:
4696   result = build3 (COND_EXPR, result_type, arg1, arg2, arg3);
4697   if (!cp_unevaluated_operand)
4698     /* Avoid folding within decltype (c++/42013) and noexcept.  */
4699     result = fold_if_not_in_template (result);
4700 
4701   /* We can't use result_type below, as fold might have returned a
4702      throw_expr.  */
4703 
4704   if (!lvalue_p)
4705     {
4706       /* Expand both sides into the same slot, hopefully the target of
4707 	 the ?: expression.  We used to check for TARGET_EXPRs here,
4708 	 but now we sometimes wrap them in NOP_EXPRs so the test would
4709 	 fail.  */
4710       if (CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (result)))
4711 	result = get_target_expr (result);
4712       /* If this expression is an rvalue, but might be mistaken for an
4713 	 lvalue, we must add a NON_LVALUE_EXPR.  */
4714       result = rvalue (result);
4715     }
4716 
4717   return result;
4718 }
4719 
4720 /* Wrapper for above.  */
4721 
4722 tree
4723 build_conditional_expr (tree arg1, tree arg2, tree arg3,
4724                         tsubst_flags_t complain)
4725 {
4726   tree ret;
4727   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_OVERLOAD);
4728   ret = build_conditional_expr_1 (arg1, arg2, arg3, complain);
4729   timevar_cond_stop (TV_OVERLOAD, subtime);
4730   return ret;
4731 }
4732 
4733 /* OPERAND is an operand to an expression.  Perform necessary steps
4734    required before using it.  If OPERAND is NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE is
4735    returned.  */
4736 
4737 static tree
4738 prep_operand (tree operand)
4739 {
4740   if (operand)
4741     {
4742       if (CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (operand))
4743 	  && CLASSTYPE_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (TREE_TYPE (operand)))
4744 	/* Make sure the template type is instantiated now.  */
4745 	instantiate_class_template (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (operand)));
4746     }
4747 
4748   return operand;
4749 }
4750 
4751 /* Add each of the viable functions in FNS (a FUNCTION_DECL or
4752    OVERLOAD) to the CANDIDATES, returning an updated list of
4753    CANDIDATES.  The ARGS are the arguments provided to the call;
4754    if FIRST_ARG is non-null it is the implicit object argument,
4755    otherwise the first element of ARGS is used if needed.  The
4756    EXPLICIT_TARGS are explicit template arguments provided.
4757    TEMPLATE_ONLY is true if only template functions should be
4758    considered.  CONVERSION_PATH, ACCESS_PATH, and FLAGS are as for
4759    add_function_candidate.  */
4760 
4761 static void
4762 add_candidates (tree fns, tree first_arg, const VEC(tree,gc) *args,
4763 		tree return_type,
4764 		tree explicit_targs, bool template_only,
4765 		tree conversion_path, tree access_path,
4766 		int flags,
4767 		struct z_candidate **candidates)
4768 {
4769   tree ctype;
4770   const VEC(tree,gc) *non_static_args;
4771   bool check_list_ctor;
4772   bool check_converting;
4773   unification_kind_t strict;
4774   tree fn;
4775 
4776   if (!fns)
4777     return;
4778 
4779   /* Precalculate special handling of constructors and conversion ops.  */
4780   fn = OVL_CURRENT (fns);
4781   if (DECL_CONV_FN_P (fn))
4782     {
4783       check_list_ctor = false;
4784       check_converting = !!(flags & LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING);
4785       if (flags & LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION)
4786 	/* We're doing return_type(x).  */
4787 	strict = DEDUCE_CONV;
4788       else
4789 	/* We're doing x.operator return_type().  */
4790 	strict = DEDUCE_EXACT;
4791       /* [over.match.funcs] For conversion functions, the function
4792 	 is considered to be a member of the class of the implicit
4793 	 object argument for the purpose of defining the type of
4794 	 the implicit object parameter.  */
4795       ctype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (first_arg)));
4796     }
4797   else
4798     {
4799       if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn))
4800 	{
4801 	  check_list_ctor = !!(flags & LOOKUP_LIST_ONLY);
4802 	  /* For list-initialization we consider explicit constructors
4803 	     and complain if one is chosen.  */
4804 	  check_converting
4805 	    = ((flags & (LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING|LOOKUP_LIST_INIT_CTOR))
4806 	       == LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING);
4807 	}
4808       else
4809 	{
4810 	  check_list_ctor = false;
4811 	  check_converting = false;
4812 	}
4813       strict = DEDUCE_CALL;
4814       ctype = conversion_path ? BINFO_TYPE (conversion_path) : NULL_TREE;
4815     }
4816 
4817   if (first_arg)
4818     non_static_args = args;
4819   else
4820     /* Delay creating the implicit this parameter until it is needed.  */
4821     non_static_args = NULL;
4822 
4823   for (; fns; fns = OVL_NEXT (fns))
4824     {
4825       tree fn_first_arg;
4826       const VEC(tree,gc) *fn_args;
4827 
4828       fn = OVL_CURRENT (fns);
4829 
4830       if (check_converting && DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (fn))
4831 	continue;
4832       if (check_list_ctor && !is_list_ctor (fn))
4833 	continue;
4834 
4835       /* Figure out which set of arguments to use.  */
4836       if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (fn))
4837 	{
4838 	  /* If this function is a non-static member and we didn't get an
4839 	     implicit object argument, move it out of args.  */
4840 	  if (first_arg == NULL_TREE)
4841 	    {
4842 	      unsigned int ix;
4843 	      tree arg;
4844 	      VEC(tree,gc) *tempvec
4845 		= VEC_alloc (tree, gc, VEC_length (tree, args) - 1);
4846 	      for (ix = 1; VEC_iterate (tree, args, ix, arg); ++ix)
4847 		VEC_quick_push (tree, tempvec, arg);
4848 	      non_static_args = tempvec;
4849 	      first_arg = build_this (VEC_index (tree, args, 0));
4850 	    }
4851 
4852 	  fn_first_arg = first_arg;
4853 	  fn_args = non_static_args;
4854 	}
4855       else
4856 	{
4857 	  /* Otherwise, just use the list of arguments provided.  */
4858 	  fn_first_arg = NULL_TREE;
4859 	  fn_args = args;
4860 	}
4861 
4862       if (TREE_CODE (fn) == TEMPLATE_DECL)
4863 	add_template_candidate (candidates,
4864 				fn,
4865 				ctype,
4866 				explicit_targs,
4867 				fn_first_arg,
4868 				fn_args,
4869 				return_type,
4870 				access_path,
4871 				conversion_path,
4872 				flags,
4873 				strict);
4874       else if (!template_only)
4875 	add_function_candidate (candidates,
4876 				fn,
4877 				ctype,
4878 				fn_first_arg,
4879 				fn_args,
4880 				access_path,
4881 				conversion_path,
4882 				flags);
4883     }
4884 }
4885 
4886 static tree
4887 build_new_op_1 (enum tree_code code, int flags, tree arg1, tree arg2, tree arg3,
4888 		tree *overload, tsubst_flags_t complain)
4889 {
4890   struct z_candidate *candidates = 0, *cand;
4891   VEC(tree,gc) *arglist;
4892   tree fnname;
4893   tree args[3];
4894   tree result = NULL_TREE;
4895   bool result_valid_p = false;
4896   enum tree_code code2 = NOP_EXPR;
4897   enum tree_code code_orig_arg1 = ERROR_MARK;
4898   enum tree_code code_orig_arg2 = ERROR_MARK;
4899   conversion *conv;
4900   void *p;
4901   bool strict_p;
4902   bool any_viable_p;
4903 
4904   if (error_operand_p (arg1)
4905       || error_operand_p (arg2)
4906       || error_operand_p (arg3))
4907     return error_mark_node;
4908 
4909   if (code == MODIFY_EXPR)
4910     {
4911       code2 = TREE_CODE (arg3);
4912       arg3 = NULL_TREE;
4913       fnname = ansi_assopname (code2);
4914     }
4915   else
4916     fnname = ansi_opname (code);
4917 
4918   arg1 = prep_operand (arg1);
4919 
4920   switch (code)
4921     {
4922     case NEW_EXPR:
4923     case VEC_NEW_EXPR:
4924     case VEC_DELETE_EXPR:
4925     case DELETE_EXPR:
4926       /* Use build_op_new_call and build_op_delete_call instead.  */
4927       gcc_unreachable ();
4928 
4929     case CALL_EXPR:
4930       /* Use build_op_call instead.  */
4931       gcc_unreachable ();
4932 
4933     case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
4934     case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
4935     case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
4936     case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
4937       /* These are saved for the sake of warn_logical_operator.  */
4938       code_orig_arg1 = TREE_CODE (arg1);
4939       code_orig_arg2 = TREE_CODE (arg2);
4940 
4941     default:
4942       break;
4943     }
4944 
4945   arg2 = prep_operand (arg2);
4946   arg3 = prep_operand (arg3);
4947 
4948   if (code == COND_EXPR)
4949     /* Use build_conditional_expr instead.  */
4950     gcc_unreachable ();
4951   else if (! IS_OVERLOAD_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (arg1))
4952 	   && (! arg2 || ! IS_OVERLOAD_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (arg2))))
4953     goto builtin;
4954 
4955   if (code == POSTINCREMENT_EXPR || code == POSTDECREMENT_EXPR)
4956     arg2 = integer_zero_node;
4957 
4958   arglist = VEC_alloc (tree, gc, 3);
4959   VEC_quick_push (tree, arglist, arg1);
4960   if (arg2 != NULL_TREE)
4961     VEC_quick_push (tree, arglist, arg2);
4962   if (arg3 != NULL_TREE)
4963     VEC_quick_push (tree, arglist, arg3);
4964 
4965   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
4966   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
4967 
4968   /* Add namespace-scope operators to the list of functions to
4969      consider.  */
4970   add_candidates (lookup_function_nonclass (fnname, arglist, /*block_p=*/true),
4971 		  NULL_TREE, arglist, NULL_TREE,
4972 		  NULL_TREE, false, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE,
4973 		  flags, &candidates);
4974   /* Add class-member operators to the candidate set.  */
4975   if (CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (arg1)))
4976     {
4977       tree fns;
4978 
4979       fns = lookup_fnfields (TREE_TYPE (arg1), fnname, 1);
4980       if (fns == error_mark_node)
4981 	{
4982 	  result = error_mark_node;
4983 	  goto user_defined_result_ready;
4984 	}
4985       if (fns)
4986 	add_candidates (BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns),
4987 			NULL_TREE, arglist, NULL_TREE,
4988 			NULL_TREE, false,
4989 			BASELINK_BINFO (fns),
4990 			BASELINK_ACCESS_BINFO (fns),
4991 			flags, &candidates);
4992     }
4993 
4994   args[0] = arg1;
4995   args[1] = arg2;
4996   args[2] = NULL_TREE;
4997 
4998   add_builtin_candidates (&candidates, code, code2, fnname, args, flags);
4999 
5000   switch (code)
5001     {
5002     case COMPOUND_EXPR:
5003     case ADDR_EXPR:
5004       /* For these, the built-in candidates set is empty
5005 	 [over.match.oper]/3.  We don't want non-strict matches
5006 	 because exact matches are always possible with built-in
5007 	 operators.  The built-in candidate set for COMPONENT_REF
5008 	 would be empty too, but since there are no such built-in
5009 	 operators, we accept non-strict matches for them.  */
5010       strict_p = true;
5011       break;
5012 
5013     default:
5014       strict_p = pedantic;
5015       break;
5016     }
5017 
5018   candidates = splice_viable (candidates, strict_p, &any_viable_p);
5019   if (!any_viable_p)
5020     {
5021       switch (code)
5022 	{
5023 	case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
5024 	case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
5025 	  /* Don't try anything fancy if we're not allowed to produce
5026 	     errors.  */
5027 	  if (!(complain & tf_error))
5028 	    return error_mark_node;
5029 
5030 	  /* Look for an `operator++ (int)'. Pre-1985 C++ didn't
5031 	     distinguish between prefix and postfix ++ and
5032 	     operator++() was used for both, so we allow this with
5033 	     -fpermissive.  */
5034 	  if (flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN)
5035 	    {
5036 	      const char *msg = (flag_permissive)
5037 		? G_("no %<%D(int)%> declared for postfix %qs,"
5038 		     " trying prefix operator instead")
5039 		: G_("no %<%D(int)%> declared for postfix %qs");
5040 	      permerror (input_location, msg, fnname,
5041 			 operator_name_info[code].name);
5042 	    }
5043 
5044 	  if (!flag_permissive)
5045 	    return error_mark_node;
5046 
5047 	  if (code == POSTINCREMENT_EXPR)
5048 	    code = PREINCREMENT_EXPR;
5049 	  else
5050 	    code = PREDECREMENT_EXPR;
5051 	  result = build_new_op_1 (code, flags, arg1, NULL_TREE, NULL_TREE,
5052 				   overload, complain);
5053 	  break;
5054 
5055 	  /* The caller will deal with these.  */
5056 	case ADDR_EXPR:
5057 	case COMPOUND_EXPR:
5058 	case COMPONENT_REF:
5059 	  result = NULL_TREE;
5060 	  result_valid_p = true;
5061 	  break;
5062 
5063 	default:
5064 	  if ((flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN) && (complain & tf_error))
5065 	    {
5066 		/* If one of the arguments of the operator represents
5067 		   an invalid use of member function pointer, try to report
5068 		   a meaningful error ...  */
5069 		if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (arg1, tf_error)
5070 		    || invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (arg2, tf_error)
5071 		    || invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (arg3, tf_error))
5072 		  /* We displayed the error message.  */;
5073 		else
5074 		  {
5075 		    /* ... Otherwise, report the more generic
5076 		       "no matching operator found" error */
5077 		    op_error (code, code2, arg1, arg2, arg3, FALSE);
5078 		    print_z_candidates (input_location, candidates);
5079 		  }
5080 	    }
5081 	  result = error_mark_node;
5082 	  break;
5083 	}
5084     }
5085   else
5086     {
5087       cand = tourney (candidates);
5088       if (cand == 0)
5089 	{
5090 	  if ((flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN) && (complain & tf_error))
5091 	    {
5092 	      op_error (code, code2, arg1, arg2, arg3, TRUE);
5093 	      print_z_candidates (input_location, candidates);
5094 	    }
5095 	  result = error_mark_node;
5096 	}
5097       else if (TREE_CODE (cand->fn) == FUNCTION_DECL)
5098 	{
5099 	  if (overload)
5100 	    *overload = cand->fn;
5101 
5102 	  if (resolve_args (arglist, complain) == NULL)
5103 	    result = error_mark_node;
5104 	  else
5105 	    result = build_over_call (cand, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
5106 	}
5107       else
5108 	{
5109 	  /* Give any warnings we noticed during overload resolution.  */
5110 	  if (cand->warnings && (complain & tf_warning))
5111 	    {
5112 	      struct candidate_warning *w;
5113 	      for (w = cand->warnings; w; w = w->next)
5114 		joust (cand, w->loser, 1);
5115 	    }
5116 
5117 	  /* Check for comparison of different enum types.  */
5118 	  switch (code)
5119 	    {
5120 	    case GT_EXPR:
5121 	    case LT_EXPR:
5122 	    case GE_EXPR:
5123 	    case LE_EXPR:
5124 	    case EQ_EXPR:
5125 	    case NE_EXPR:
5126 	      if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg1)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
5127 		  && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (arg2)) == ENUMERAL_TYPE
5128 		  && (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (arg1))
5129 		      != TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (arg2)))
5130 		  && (complain & tf_warning))
5131 		{
5132 		  warning (OPT_Wenum_compare,
5133 			   "comparison between %q#T and %q#T",
5134 			   TREE_TYPE (arg1), TREE_TYPE (arg2));
5135 		}
5136 	      break;
5137 	    default:
5138 	      break;
5139 	    }
5140 
5141 	  /* We need to strip any leading REF_BIND so that bitfields
5142 	     don't cause errors.  This should not remove any important
5143 	     conversions, because builtins don't apply to class
5144 	     objects directly.  */
5145 	  conv = cand->convs[0];
5146 	  if (conv->kind == ck_ref_bind)
5147 	    conv = conv->u.next;
5148 	  arg1 = convert_like (conv, arg1, complain);
5149 
5150 	  if (arg2)
5151 	    {
5152 	      /* We need to call warn_logical_operator before
5153 		 converting arg2 to a boolean_type.  */
5154 	      if (complain & tf_warning)
5155 		warn_logical_operator (input_location, code, boolean_type_node,
5156 				       code_orig_arg1, arg1,
5157 				       code_orig_arg2, arg2);
5158 
5159 	      conv = cand->convs[1];
5160 	      if (conv->kind == ck_ref_bind)
5161 		conv = conv->u.next;
5162 	      arg2 = convert_like (conv, arg2, complain);
5163 	    }
5164 	  if (arg3)
5165 	    {
5166 	      conv = cand->convs[2];
5167 	      if (conv->kind == ck_ref_bind)
5168 		conv = conv->u.next;
5169 	      arg3 = convert_like (conv, arg3, complain);
5170 	    }
5171 
5172 	}
5173     }
5174 
5175  user_defined_result_ready:
5176 
5177   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
5178   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
5179 
5180   if (result || result_valid_p)
5181     return result;
5182 
5183  builtin:
5184   switch (code)
5185     {
5186     case MODIFY_EXPR:
5187       return cp_build_modify_expr (arg1, code2, arg2, complain);
5188 
5189     case INDIRECT_REF:
5190       return cp_build_indirect_ref (arg1, RO_UNARY_STAR, complain);
5191 
5192     case TRUTH_ANDIF_EXPR:
5193     case TRUTH_ORIF_EXPR:
5194     case TRUTH_AND_EXPR:
5195     case TRUTH_OR_EXPR:
5196       warn_logical_operator (input_location, code, boolean_type_node,
5197 			     code_orig_arg1, arg1, code_orig_arg2, arg2);
5198       /* Fall through.  */
5199     case PLUS_EXPR:
5200     case MINUS_EXPR:
5201     case MULT_EXPR:
5202     case TRUNC_DIV_EXPR:
5203     case GT_EXPR:
5204     case LT_EXPR:
5205     case GE_EXPR:
5206     case LE_EXPR:
5207     case EQ_EXPR:
5208     case NE_EXPR:
5209     case MAX_EXPR:
5210     case MIN_EXPR:
5211     case LSHIFT_EXPR:
5212     case RSHIFT_EXPR:
5213     case TRUNC_MOD_EXPR:
5214     case BIT_AND_EXPR:
5215     case BIT_IOR_EXPR:
5216     case BIT_XOR_EXPR:
5217       return cp_build_binary_op (input_location, code, arg1, arg2, complain);
5218 
5219     case UNARY_PLUS_EXPR:
5220     case NEGATE_EXPR:
5221     case BIT_NOT_EXPR:
5222     case TRUTH_NOT_EXPR:
5223     case PREINCREMENT_EXPR:
5224     case POSTINCREMENT_EXPR:
5225     case PREDECREMENT_EXPR:
5226     case POSTDECREMENT_EXPR:
5227     case REALPART_EXPR:
5228     case IMAGPART_EXPR:
5229     case ABS_EXPR:
5230       return cp_build_unary_op (code, arg1, candidates != 0, complain);
5231 
5232     case ARRAY_REF:
5233       return cp_build_array_ref (input_location, arg1, arg2, complain);
5234 
5235     case MEMBER_REF:
5236       return build_m_component_ref (cp_build_indirect_ref (arg1, RO_NULL,
5237                                                            complain),
5238                                     arg2);
5239 
5240       /* The caller will deal with these.  */
5241     case ADDR_EXPR:
5242     case COMPONENT_REF:
5243     case COMPOUND_EXPR:
5244       return NULL_TREE;
5245 
5246     default:
5247       gcc_unreachable ();
5248     }
5249   return NULL_TREE;
5250 }
5251 
5252 /* Wrapper for above.  */
5253 
5254 tree
5255 build_new_op (enum tree_code code, int flags, tree arg1, tree arg2, tree arg3,
5256 	      tree *overload, tsubst_flags_t complain)
5257 {
5258   tree ret;
5259   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_OVERLOAD);
5260   ret = build_new_op_1 (code, flags, arg1, arg2, arg3, overload, complain);
5261   timevar_cond_stop (TV_OVERLOAD, subtime);
5262   return ret;
5263 }
5264 
5265 /* Returns true iff T, an element of an OVERLOAD chain, is a usual
5266    deallocation function (3.7.4.2 [basic.stc.dynamic.deallocation]).  */
5267 
5268 static bool
5269 non_placement_deallocation_fn_p (tree t)
5270 {
5271   /* A template instance is never a usual deallocation function,
5272      regardless of its signature.  */
5273   if (TREE_CODE (t) == TEMPLATE_DECL
5274       || primary_template_instantiation_p (t))
5275     return false;
5276 
5277   /* If a class T has a member deallocation function named operator delete
5278      with exactly one parameter, then that function is a usual
5279      (non-placement) deallocation function. If class T does not declare
5280      such an operator delete but does declare a member deallocation
5281      function named operator delete with exactly two parameters, the second
5282      of which has type std::size_t (18.2), then this function is a usual
5283      deallocation function.  */
5284   t = FUNCTION_ARG_CHAIN (t);
5285   if (t == void_list_node
5286       || (t && same_type_p (TREE_VALUE (t), size_type_node)
5287 	  && TREE_CHAIN (t) == void_list_node))
5288     return true;
5289   return false;
5290 }
5291 
5292 /* Build a call to operator delete.  This has to be handled very specially,
5293    because the restrictions on what signatures match are different from all
5294    other call instances.  For a normal delete, only a delete taking (void *)
5295    or (void *, size_t) is accepted.  For a placement delete, only an exact
5296    match with the placement new is accepted.
5297 
5298    CODE is either DELETE_EXPR or VEC_DELETE_EXPR.
5299    ADDR is the pointer to be deleted.
5300    SIZE is the size of the memory block to be deleted.
5301    GLOBAL_P is true if the delete-expression should not consider
5302    class-specific delete operators.
5303    PLACEMENT is the corresponding placement new call, or NULL_TREE.
5304 
5305    If this call to "operator delete" is being generated as part to
5306    deallocate memory allocated via a new-expression (as per [expr.new]
5307    which requires that if the initialization throws an exception then
5308    we call a deallocation function), then ALLOC_FN is the allocation
5309    function.  */
5310 
5311 tree
5312 build_op_delete_call (enum tree_code code, tree addr, tree size,
5313 		      bool global_p, tree placement,
5314 		      tree alloc_fn)
5315 {
5316   tree fn = NULL_TREE;
5317   tree fns, fnname, type, t;
5318 
5319   if (addr == error_mark_node)
5320     return error_mark_node;
5321 
5322   type = strip_array_types (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (addr)));
5323 
5324   fnname = ansi_opname (code);
5325 
5326   if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type)
5327       && COMPLETE_TYPE_P (complete_type (type))
5328       && !global_p)
5329     /* In [class.free]
5330 
5331        If the result of the lookup is ambiguous or inaccessible, or if
5332        the lookup selects a placement deallocation function, the
5333        program is ill-formed.
5334 
5335        Therefore, we ask lookup_fnfields to complain about ambiguity.  */
5336     {
5337       fns = lookup_fnfields (TYPE_BINFO (type), fnname, 1);
5338       if (fns == error_mark_node)
5339 	return error_mark_node;
5340     }
5341   else
5342     fns = NULL_TREE;
5343 
5344   if (fns == NULL_TREE)
5345     fns = lookup_name_nonclass (fnname);
5346 
5347   /* Strip const and volatile from addr.  */
5348   addr = cp_convert (ptr_type_node, addr);
5349 
5350   if (placement)
5351     {
5352       /* "A declaration of a placement deallocation function matches the
5353 	 declaration of a placement allocation function if it has the same
5354 	 number of parameters and, after parameter transformations (8.3.5),
5355 	 all parameter types except the first are identical."
5356 
5357 	 So we build up the function type we want and ask instantiate_type
5358 	 to get it for us.  */
5359       t = FUNCTION_ARG_CHAIN (alloc_fn);
5360       t = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, ptr_type_node, t);
5361       t = build_function_type (void_type_node, t);
5362 
5363       fn = instantiate_type (t, fns, tf_none);
5364       if (fn == error_mark_node)
5365 	return NULL_TREE;
5366 
5367       if (BASELINK_P (fn))
5368 	fn = BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fn);
5369 
5370       /* "If the lookup finds the two-parameter form of a usual deallocation
5371 	 function (3.7.4.2) and that function, considered as a placement
5372 	 deallocation function, would have been selected as a match for the
5373 	 allocation function, the program is ill-formed."  */
5374       if (non_placement_deallocation_fn_p (fn))
5375 	{
5376 	  /* But if the class has an operator delete (void *), then that is
5377 	     the usual deallocation function, so we shouldn't complain
5378 	     about using the operator delete (void *, size_t).  */
5379 	  for (t = BASELINK_P (fns) ? BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns) : fns;
5380 	       t; t = OVL_NEXT (t))
5381 	    {
5382 	      tree elt = OVL_CURRENT (t);
5383 	      if (non_placement_deallocation_fn_p (elt)
5384 		  && FUNCTION_ARG_CHAIN (elt) == void_list_node)
5385 		goto ok;
5386 	    }
5387 	  permerror (0, "non-placement deallocation function %q+D", fn);
5388 	  permerror (input_location, "selected for placement delete");
5389 	ok:;
5390 	}
5391     }
5392   else
5393     /* "Any non-placement deallocation function matches a non-placement
5394        allocation function. If the lookup finds a single matching
5395        deallocation function, that function will be called; otherwise, no
5396        deallocation function will be called."  */
5397     for (t = BASELINK_P (fns) ? BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns) : fns;
5398 	 t; t = OVL_NEXT (t))
5399       {
5400 	tree elt = OVL_CURRENT (t);
5401 	if (non_placement_deallocation_fn_p (elt))
5402 	  {
5403 	    fn = elt;
5404 	    /* "If a class T has a member deallocation function named
5405 	       operator delete with exactly one parameter, then that
5406 	       function is a usual (non-placement) deallocation
5407 	       function. If class T does not declare such an operator
5408 	       delete but does declare a member deallocation function named
5409 	       operator delete with exactly two parameters, the second of
5410 	       which has type std::size_t (18.2), then this function is a
5411 	       usual deallocation function."
5412 
5413 	       So (void*) beats (void*, size_t).  */
5414 	    if (FUNCTION_ARG_CHAIN (fn) == void_list_node)
5415 	      break;
5416 	  }
5417       }
5418 
5419   /* If we have a matching function, call it.  */
5420   if (fn)
5421     {
5422       gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (fn) == FUNCTION_DECL);
5423 
5424       /* If the FN is a member function, make sure that it is
5425 	 accessible.  */
5426       if (BASELINK_P (fns))
5427 	perform_or_defer_access_check (BASELINK_BINFO (fns), fn, fn);
5428 
5429       /* Core issue 901: It's ok to new a type with deleted delete.  */
5430       if (DECL_DELETED_FN (fn) && alloc_fn)
5431 	return NULL_TREE;
5432 
5433       if (placement)
5434 	{
5435 	  /* The placement args might not be suitable for overload
5436 	     resolution at this point, so build the call directly.  */
5437 	  int nargs = call_expr_nargs (placement);
5438 	  tree *argarray = XALLOCAVEC (tree, nargs);
5439 	  int i;
5440 	  argarray[0] = addr;
5441 	  for (i = 1; i < nargs; i++)
5442 	    argarray[i] = CALL_EXPR_ARG (placement, i);
5443 	  mark_used (fn);
5444 	  return build_cxx_call (fn, nargs, argarray);
5445 	}
5446       else
5447 	{
5448 	  tree ret;
5449 	  VEC(tree,gc) *args = VEC_alloc (tree, gc, 2);
5450 	  VEC_quick_push (tree, args, addr);
5451 	  if (FUNCTION_ARG_CHAIN (fn) != void_list_node)
5452 	    VEC_quick_push (tree, args, size);
5453 	  ret = cp_build_function_call_vec (fn, &args, tf_warning_or_error);
5454 	  VEC_free (tree, gc, args);
5455 	  return ret;
5456 	}
5457     }
5458 
5459   /* [expr.new]
5460 
5461      If no unambiguous matching deallocation function can be found,
5462      propagating the exception does not cause the object's memory to
5463      be freed.  */
5464   if (alloc_fn)
5465     {
5466       if (!placement)
5467 	warning (0, "no corresponding deallocation function for %qD",
5468 		 alloc_fn);
5469       return NULL_TREE;
5470     }
5471 
5472   error ("no suitable %<operator %s%> for %qT",
5473 	 operator_name_info[(int)code].name, type);
5474   return error_mark_node;
5475 }
5476 
5477 /* If the current scope isn't allowed to access DECL along
5478    BASETYPE_PATH, give an error.  The most derived class in
5479    BASETYPE_PATH is the one used to qualify DECL. DIAG_DECL is
5480    the declaration to use in the error diagnostic.  */
5481 
5482 bool
5483 enforce_access (tree basetype_path, tree decl, tree diag_decl)
5484 {
5485   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (basetype_path) == TREE_BINFO);
5486 
5487   if (!accessible_p (basetype_path, decl, true))
5488     {
5489       if (TREE_PRIVATE (decl))
5490 	error ("%q+#D is private", diag_decl);
5491       else if (TREE_PROTECTED (decl))
5492 	error ("%q+#D is protected", diag_decl);
5493       else
5494 	error ("%q+#D is inaccessible", diag_decl);
5495       error ("within this context");
5496       return false;
5497     }
5498 
5499   return true;
5500 }
5501 
5502 /* Initialize a temporary of type TYPE with EXPR.  The FLAGS are a
5503    bitwise or of LOOKUP_* values.  If any errors are warnings are
5504    generated, set *DIAGNOSTIC_FN to "error" or "warning",
5505    respectively.  If no diagnostics are generated, set *DIAGNOSTIC_FN
5506    to NULL.  */
5507 
5508 static tree
5509 build_temp (tree expr, tree type, int flags,
5510 	    diagnostic_t *diagnostic_kind, tsubst_flags_t complain)
5511 {
5512   int savew, savee;
5513   VEC(tree,gc) *args;
5514 
5515   savew = warningcount, savee = errorcount;
5516   args = make_tree_vector_single (expr);
5517   expr = build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE, complete_ctor_identifier,
5518 				    &args, type, flags, complain);
5519   release_tree_vector (args);
5520   if (warningcount > savew)
5521     *diagnostic_kind = DK_WARNING;
5522   else if (errorcount > savee)
5523     *diagnostic_kind = DK_ERROR;
5524   else
5525     *diagnostic_kind = DK_UNSPECIFIED;
5526   return expr;
5527 }
5528 
5529 /* Perform warnings about peculiar, but valid, conversions from/to NULL.
5530    EXPR is implicitly converted to type TOTYPE.
5531    FN and ARGNUM are used for diagnostics.  */
5532 
5533 static void
5534 conversion_null_warnings (tree totype, tree expr, tree fn, int argnum)
5535 {
5536   /* Issue warnings about peculiar, but valid, uses of NULL.  */
5537   if (expr == null_node && TREE_CODE (totype) != BOOLEAN_TYPE
5538       && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (totype))
5539     {
5540       if (fn)
5541 	warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wconversion_null,
5542 		    "passing NULL to non-pointer argument %P of %qD",
5543 		    argnum, fn);
5544       else
5545 	warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wconversion_null,
5546 		    "converting to non-pointer type %qT from NULL", totype);
5547     }
5548 
5549   /* Issue warnings if "false" is converted to a NULL pointer */
5550   else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (expr)) == BOOLEAN_TYPE
5551 	   && TYPE_PTR_P (totype))
5552     {
5553       if (fn)
5554 	warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wconversion_null,
5555 		    "converting %<false%> to pointer type for argument %P "
5556 		    "of %qD", argnum, fn);
5557       else
5558 	warning_at (input_location, OPT_Wconversion_null,
5559 		    "converting %<false%> to pointer type %qT", totype);
5560     }
5561 }
5562 
5563 /* Perform the conversions in CONVS on the expression EXPR.  FN and
5564    ARGNUM are used for diagnostics.  ARGNUM is zero based, -1
5565    indicates the `this' argument of a method.  INNER is nonzero when
5566    being called to continue a conversion chain. It is negative when a
5567    reference binding will be applied, positive otherwise.  If
5568    ISSUE_CONVERSION_WARNINGS is true, warnings about suspicious
5569    conversions will be emitted if appropriate.  If C_CAST_P is true,
5570    this conversion is coming from a C-style cast; in that case,
5571    conversions to inaccessible bases are permitted.  */
5572 
5573 static tree
5574 convert_like_real (conversion *convs, tree expr, tree fn, int argnum,
5575 		   int inner, bool issue_conversion_warnings,
5576 		   bool c_cast_p, tsubst_flags_t complain)
5577 {
5578   tree totype = convs->type;
5579   diagnostic_t diag_kind;
5580   int flags;
5581 
5582   if (convs->bad_p && !(complain & tf_error))
5583     return error_mark_node;
5584 
5585   if (convs->bad_p
5586       && convs->kind != ck_user
5587       && convs->kind != ck_list
5588       && convs->kind != ck_ambig
5589       && (convs->kind != ck_ref_bind
5590 	  || convs->user_conv_p)
5591       && convs->kind != ck_rvalue
5592       && convs->kind != ck_base)
5593     {
5594       conversion *t = convs;
5595 
5596       /* Give a helpful error if this is bad because of excess braces.  */
5597       if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr)
5598 	  && SCALAR_TYPE_P (totype)
5599 	  && CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (expr) > 0
5600 	  && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (expr, 0)->value))
5601 	permerror (input_location, "too many braces around initializer for %qT", totype);
5602 
5603       for (; t ; t = next_conversion (t))
5604 	{
5605 	  if (t->kind == ck_user && t->cand->reason)
5606 	    {
5607 	      permerror (input_location, "invalid user-defined conversion "
5608 			 "from %qT to %qT", TREE_TYPE (expr), totype);
5609 	      print_z_candidate ("candidate is:", t->cand);
5610 	      expr = convert_like_real (t, expr, fn, argnum, 1,
5611 					/*issue_conversion_warnings=*/false,
5612 					/*c_cast_p=*/false,
5613 					complain);
5614 	      if (convs->kind == ck_ref_bind)
5615 		return convert_to_reference (totype, expr, CONV_IMPLICIT,
5616 					     LOOKUP_NORMAL, NULL_TREE);
5617 	      else
5618 		return cp_convert (totype, expr);
5619 	    }
5620 	  else if (t->kind == ck_user || !t->bad_p)
5621 	    {
5622 	      expr = convert_like_real (t, expr, fn, argnum, 1,
5623 					/*issue_conversion_warnings=*/false,
5624 					/*c_cast_p=*/false,
5625 					complain);
5626 	      break;
5627 	    }
5628 	  else if (t->kind == ck_ambig)
5629 	    return convert_like_real (t, expr, fn, argnum, 1,
5630 				      /*issue_conversion_warnings=*/false,
5631 				      /*c_cast_p=*/false,
5632 				      complain);
5633 	  else if (t->kind == ck_identity)
5634 	    break;
5635 	}
5636 
5637       permerror (input_location, "invalid conversion from %qT to %qT",
5638 		 TREE_TYPE (expr), totype);
5639       if (fn)
5640 	permerror (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn),
5641 		   "  initializing argument %P of %qD", argnum, fn);
5642 
5643       return cp_convert (totype, expr);
5644     }
5645 
5646   if (issue_conversion_warnings && (complain & tf_warning))
5647     conversion_null_warnings (totype, expr, fn, argnum);
5648 
5649   switch (convs->kind)
5650     {
5651     case ck_user:
5652       {
5653 	struct z_candidate *cand = convs->cand;
5654 	tree convfn = cand->fn;
5655 	unsigned i;
5656 
5657 	/* If we're initializing from {}, it's value-initialization.  */
5658 	if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr)
5659 	    && CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (expr) == 0
5660 	    && TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (totype))
5661 	  {
5662 	    bool direct = CONSTRUCTOR_IS_DIRECT_INIT (expr);
5663 	    expr = build_value_init (totype, complain);
5664 	    expr = get_target_expr_sfinae (expr, complain);
5665 	    if (expr != error_mark_node)
5666 	      {
5667 		TARGET_EXPR_LIST_INIT_P (expr) = true;
5668 		TARGET_EXPR_DIRECT_INIT_P (expr) = direct;
5669 	      }
5670 	    return expr;
5671 	  }
5672 
5673 	expr = mark_rvalue_use (expr);
5674 
5675 	/* When converting from an init list we consider explicit
5676 	   constructors, but actually trying to call one is an error.  */
5677 	if (DECL_NONCONVERTING_P (convfn) && DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (convfn)
5678 	    /* Unless this is for direct-list-initialization.  */
5679 	    && !(BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr)
5680 		 && CONSTRUCTOR_IS_DIRECT_INIT (expr))
5681 	    /* Unless we're calling it for value-initialization from an
5682 	       empty list, since that is handled separately in 8.5.4.  */
5683 	    && cand->num_convs > 0)
5684 	  {
5685 	    error ("converting to %qT from initializer list would use "
5686 		   "explicit constructor %qD", totype, convfn);
5687 	  }
5688 
5689 	/* Set user_conv_p on the argument conversions, so rvalue/base
5690 	   handling knows not to allow any more UDCs.  */
5691 	for (i = 0; i < cand->num_convs; ++i)
5692 	  cand->convs[i]->user_conv_p = true;
5693 
5694 	expr = build_over_call (cand, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
5695 
5696 	/* If this is a constructor or a function returning an aggr type,
5697 	   we need to build up a TARGET_EXPR.  */
5698 	if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (convfn))
5699 	  {
5700 	    expr = build_cplus_new (totype, expr, complain);
5701 
5702 	    /* Remember that this was list-initialization.  */
5703 	    if (convs->check_narrowing && expr != error_mark_node)
5704 	      TARGET_EXPR_LIST_INIT_P (expr) = true;
5705 	  }
5706 
5707 	return expr;
5708       }
5709     case ck_identity:
5710       expr = mark_rvalue_use (expr);
5711       if (BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (expr))
5712 	{
5713 	  int nelts = CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (expr);
5714 	  if (nelts == 0)
5715 	    expr = build_value_init (totype, complain);
5716 	  else if (nelts == 1)
5717 	    expr = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (expr, 0)->value;
5718 	  else
5719 	    gcc_unreachable ();
5720 	}
5721 
5722       if (type_unknown_p (expr))
5723 	expr = instantiate_type (totype, expr, complain);
5724       /* Convert a constant to its underlying value, unless we are
5725 	 about to bind it to a reference, in which case we need to
5726 	 leave it as an lvalue.  */
5727       if (inner >= 0)
5728         {
5729           expr = decl_constant_value_safe (expr);
5730           if (expr == null_node && INTEGRAL_OR_UNSCOPED_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (totype))
5731             /* If __null has been converted to an integer type, we do not
5732                want to warn about uses of EXPR as an integer, rather than
5733                as a pointer.  */
5734             expr = build_int_cst (totype, 0);
5735         }
5736       return expr;
5737     case ck_ambig:
5738       /* We leave bad_p off ck_ambig because overload resolution considers
5739 	 it valid, it just fails when we try to perform it.  So we need to
5740          check complain here, too.  */
5741       if (complain & tf_error)
5742 	{
5743 	  /* Call build_user_type_conversion again for the error.  */
5744 	  build_user_type_conversion (totype, convs->u.expr, LOOKUP_NORMAL);
5745 	  if (fn)
5746 	    error ("  initializing argument %P of %q+D", argnum, fn);
5747 	}
5748       return error_mark_node;
5749 
5750     case ck_list:
5751       {
5752 	/* Conversion to std::initializer_list<T>.  */
5753 	tree elttype = TREE_VEC_ELT (CLASSTYPE_TI_ARGS (totype), 0);
5754 	tree new_ctor = build_constructor (init_list_type_node, NULL);
5755 	unsigned len = CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (expr);
5756 	tree array, val, field;
5757 	VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *vec = NULL;
5758 	unsigned ix;
5759 
5760 	/* Convert all the elements.  */
5761 	FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_VALUE (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (expr), ix, val)
5762 	  {
5763 	    tree sub = convert_like_real (convs->u.list[ix], val, fn, argnum,
5764 					  1, false, false, complain);
5765 	    if (sub == error_mark_node)
5766 	      return sub;
5767 	    if (!BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (val))
5768 	      check_narrowing (TREE_TYPE (sub), val);
5769 	    CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (new_ctor), NULL_TREE, sub);
5770 	    if (!TREE_CONSTANT (sub))
5771 	      TREE_CONSTANT (new_ctor) = false;
5772 	  }
5773 	/* Build up the array.  */
5774 	elttype = cp_build_qualified_type
5775 	  (elttype, cp_type_quals (elttype) | TYPE_QUAL_CONST);
5776 	array = build_array_of_n_type (elttype, len);
5777 	array = finish_compound_literal (array, new_ctor, complain);
5778 	/* Take the address explicitly rather than via decay_conversion
5779 	   to avoid the error about taking the address of a temporary.  */
5780 	array = cp_build_addr_expr (array, complain);
5781 	array = cp_convert (build_pointer_type (elttype), array);
5782 
5783 	/* Build up the initializer_list object.  */
5784 	totype = complete_type (totype);
5785 	field = next_initializable_field (TYPE_FIELDS (totype));
5786 	CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (vec, field, array);
5787 	field = next_initializable_field (DECL_CHAIN (field));
5788 	CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (vec, field, size_int (len));
5789 	new_ctor = build_constructor (totype, vec);
5790 	return get_target_expr (new_ctor);
5791       }
5792 
5793     case ck_aggr:
5794       if (TREE_CODE (totype) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
5795 	{
5796 	  tree real = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (expr, 0)->value;
5797 	  tree imag = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (expr, 1)->value;
5798 	  real = perform_implicit_conversion (TREE_TYPE (totype),
5799 					      real, complain);
5800 	  imag = perform_implicit_conversion (TREE_TYPE (totype),
5801 					      imag, complain);
5802 	  expr = build2 (COMPLEX_EXPR, totype, real, imag);
5803 	  return fold_if_not_in_template (expr);
5804 	}
5805       return get_target_expr (digest_init (totype, expr, complain));
5806 
5807     default:
5808       break;
5809     };
5810 
5811   expr = convert_like_real (convs->u.next, expr, fn, argnum,
5812 			    convs->kind == ck_ref_bind ? -1 : 1,
5813 			    convs->kind == ck_ref_bind ? issue_conversion_warnings : false,
5814 			    c_cast_p,
5815 			    complain);
5816   if (expr == error_mark_node)
5817     return error_mark_node;
5818 
5819   switch (convs->kind)
5820     {
5821     case ck_rvalue:
5822       expr = decay_conversion (expr);
5823       if (! MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (totype))
5824 	return expr;
5825       /* Else fall through.  */
5826     case ck_base:
5827       if (convs->kind == ck_base && !convs->need_temporary_p)
5828 	{
5829 	  /* We are going to bind a reference directly to a base-class
5830 	     subobject of EXPR.  */
5831 	  /* Build an expression for `*((base*) &expr)'.  */
5832 	  expr = cp_build_addr_expr (expr, complain);
5833 	  expr = convert_to_base (expr, build_pointer_type (totype),
5834 				  !c_cast_p, /*nonnull=*/true, complain);
5835 	  expr = cp_build_indirect_ref (expr, RO_IMPLICIT_CONVERSION, complain);
5836 	  return expr;
5837 	}
5838 
5839       /* Copy-initialization where the cv-unqualified version of the source
5840 	 type is the same class as, or a derived class of, the class of the
5841 	 destination [is treated as direct-initialization].  [dcl.init] */
5842       flags = LOOKUP_NORMAL|LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING;
5843       if (convs->user_conv_p)
5844 	/* This conversion is being done in the context of a user-defined
5845 	   conversion (i.e. the second step of copy-initialization), so
5846 	   don't allow any more.  */
5847 	flags |= LOOKUP_NO_CONVERSION;
5848       if (convs->rvaluedness_matches_p)
5849 	flags |= LOOKUP_PREFER_RVALUE;
5850       if (TREE_CODE (expr) == TARGET_EXPR
5851 	  && TARGET_EXPR_LIST_INIT_P (expr))
5852 	/* Copy-list-initialization doesn't actually involve a copy.  */
5853 	return expr;
5854       expr = build_temp (expr, totype, flags, &diag_kind, complain);
5855       if (diag_kind && fn && complain)
5856 	emit_diagnostic (diag_kind, DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (fn), 0,
5857 			 "  initializing argument %P of %qD", argnum, fn);
5858       return build_cplus_new (totype, expr, complain);
5859 
5860     case ck_ref_bind:
5861       {
5862 	tree ref_type = totype;
5863 
5864 	if (convs->bad_p && !convs->u.next->bad_p)
5865 	  {
5866 	    gcc_assert (TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (ref_type)
5867 			&& real_lvalue_p (expr));
5868 
5869 	    error ("cannot bind %qT lvalue to %qT",
5870 		   TREE_TYPE (expr), totype);
5871 	    if (fn)
5872 	      error ("  initializing argument %P of %q+D", argnum, fn);
5873 	    return error_mark_node;
5874 	  }
5875 
5876 	/* If necessary, create a temporary.
5877 
5878            VA_ARG_EXPR and CONSTRUCTOR expressions are special cases
5879            that need temporaries, even when their types are reference
5880            compatible with the type of reference being bound, so the
5881            upcoming call to cp_build_addr_expr doesn't fail.  */
5882 	if (convs->need_temporary_p
5883 	    || TREE_CODE (expr) == CONSTRUCTOR
5884 	    || TREE_CODE (expr) == VA_ARG_EXPR)
5885 	  {
5886 	    /* Otherwise, a temporary of type "cv1 T1" is created and
5887 	       initialized from the initializer expression using the rules
5888 	       for a non-reference copy-initialization (8.5).  */
5889 
5890 	    tree type = TREE_TYPE (ref_type);
5891 	    cp_lvalue_kind lvalue = real_lvalue_p (expr);
5892 
5893 	    gcc_assert (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p
5894 			(type, convs->u.next->type));
5895 	    if (!CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (type)
5896 		&& !TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (ref_type))
5897 	      {
5898 		/* If the reference is volatile or non-const, we
5899 		   cannot create a temporary.  */
5900 		if (lvalue & clk_bitfield)
5901 		  error ("cannot bind bitfield %qE to %qT",
5902 			 expr, ref_type);
5903 		else if (lvalue & clk_packed)
5904 		  error ("cannot bind packed field %qE to %qT",
5905 			 expr, ref_type);
5906 		else
5907 		  error ("cannot bind rvalue %qE to %qT", expr, ref_type);
5908 		return error_mark_node;
5909 	      }
5910 	    /* If the source is a packed field, and we must use a copy
5911 	       constructor, then building the target expr will require
5912 	       binding the field to the reference parameter to the
5913 	       copy constructor, and we'll end up with an infinite
5914 	       loop.  If we can use a bitwise copy, then we'll be
5915 	       OK.  */
5916 	    if ((lvalue & clk_packed)
5917 		&& CLASS_TYPE_P (type)
5918 		&& type_has_nontrivial_copy_init (type))
5919 	      {
5920 		error ("cannot bind packed field %qE to %qT",
5921 		       expr, ref_type);
5922 		return error_mark_node;
5923 	      }
5924 	    if (lvalue & clk_bitfield)
5925 	      {
5926 		expr = convert_bitfield_to_declared_type (expr);
5927 		expr = fold_convert (type, expr);
5928 	      }
5929 	    expr = build_target_expr_with_type (expr, type, complain);
5930 	  }
5931 
5932 	/* Take the address of the thing to which we will bind the
5933 	   reference.  */
5934 	expr = cp_build_addr_expr (expr, complain);
5935 	if (expr == error_mark_node)
5936 	  return error_mark_node;
5937 
5938 	/* Convert it to a pointer to the type referred to by the
5939 	   reference.  This will adjust the pointer if a derived to
5940 	   base conversion is being performed.  */
5941 	expr = cp_convert (build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (ref_type)),
5942 			   expr);
5943 	/* Convert the pointer to the desired reference type.  */
5944 	return build_nop (ref_type, expr);
5945       }
5946 
5947     case ck_lvalue:
5948       return decay_conversion (expr);
5949 
5950     case ck_qual:
5951       /* Warn about deprecated conversion if appropriate.  */
5952       string_conv_p (totype, expr, 1);
5953       break;
5954 
5955     case ck_ptr:
5956       if (convs->base_p)
5957 	expr = convert_to_base (expr, totype, !c_cast_p,
5958 				/*nonnull=*/false, complain);
5959       return build_nop (totype, expr);
5960 
5961     case ck_pmem:
5962       return convert_ptrmem (totype, expr, /*allow_inverse_p=*/false,
5963 			     c_cast_p, complain);
5964 
5965     default:
5966       break;
5967     }
5968 
5969   if (convs->check_narrowing)
5970     check_narrowing (totype, expr);
5971 
5972   if (issue_conversion_warnings && (complain & tf_warning))
5973     expr = convert_and_check (totype, expr);
5974   else
5975     expr = convert (totype, expr);
5976 
5977   return expr;
5978 }
5979 
5980 /* ARG is being passed to a varargs function.  Perform any conversions
5981    required.  Return the converted value.  */
5982 
5983 tree
5984 convert_arg_to_ellipsis (tree arg)
5985 {
5986   tree arg_type;
5987 
5988   /* [expr.call]
5989 
5990      The lvalue-to-rvalue, array-to-pointer, and function-to-pointer
5991      standard conversions are performed.  */
5992   arg = decay_conversion (arg);
5993   arg_type = TREE_TYPE (arg);
5994   /* [expr.call]
5995 
5996      If the argument has integral or enumeration type that is subject
5997      to the integral promotions (_conv.prom_), or a floating point
5998      type that is subject to the floating point promotion
5999      (_conv.fpprom_), the value of the argument is converted to the
6000      promoted type before the call.  */
6001   if (TREE_CODE (arg_type) == REAL_TYPE
6002       && (TYPE_PRECISION (arg_type)
6003 	  < TYPE_PRECISION (double_type_node))
6004       && !DECIMAL_FLOAT_MODE_P (TYPE_MODE (arg_type)))
6005     {
6006       if (warn_double_promotion && !c_inhibit_evaluation_warnings)
6007 	warning (OPT_Wdouble_promotion,
6008 		 "implicit conversion from %qT to %qT when passing "
6009 		 "argument to function",
6010 		 arg_type, double_type_node);
6011       arg = convert_to_real (double_type_node, arg);
6012     }
6013   else if (NULLPTR_TYPE_P (arg_type))
6014     arg = null_pointer_node;
6015   else if (INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (arg_type))
6016     {
6017       if (SCOPED_ENUM_P (arg_type) && !abi_version_at_least (6))
6018 	{
6019 	  warning (OPT_Wabi, "scoped enum %qT will not promote to an "
6020 		   "integral type in a future version of GCC", arg_type);
6021 	  arg = cp_convert (ENUM_UNDERLYING_TYPE (arg_type), arg);
6022 	}
6023       arg = perform_integral_promotions (arg);
6024     }
6025 
6026   arg = require_complete_type (arg);
6027   arg_type = TREE_TYPE (arg);
6028 
6029   if (arg != error_mark_node
6030       /* In a template (or ill-formed code), we can have an incomplete type
6031 	 even after require_complete_type, in which case we don't know
6032 	 whether it has trivial copy or not.  */
6033       && COMPLETE_TYPE_P (arg_type))
6034     {
6035       /* Build up a real lvalue-to-rvalue conversion in case the
6036 	 copy constructor is trivial but not callable.  */
6037       if (!cp_unevaluated_operand && CLASS_TYPE_P (arg_type))
6038 	force_rvalue (arg, tf_warning_or_error);
6039 
6040       /* [expr.call] 5.2.2/7:
6041 	 Passing a potentially-evaluated argument of class type (Clause 9)
6042 	 with a non-trivial copy constructor or a non-trivial destructor
6043 	 with no corresponding parameter is conditionally-supported, with
6044 	 implementation-defined semantics.
6045 
6046 	 We used to just warn here and do a bitwise copy, but now
6047 	 cp_expr_size will abort if we try to do that.
6048 
6049 	 If the call appears in the context of a sizeof expression,
6050 	 it is not potentially-evaluated.  */
6051       if (cp_unevaluated_operand == 0
6052 	  && (type_has_nontrivial_copy_init (arg_type)
6053 	      || TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (arg_type)))
6054 	error ("cannot pass objects of non-trivially-copyable "
6055 	       "type %q#T through %<...%>", arg_type);
6056     }
6057 
6058   return arg;
6059 }
6060 
6061 /* va_arg (EXPR, TYPE) is a builtin. Make sure it is not abused.  */
6062 
6063 tree
6064 build_x_va_arg (tree expr, tree type)
6065 {
6066   if (processing_template_decl)
6067     return build_min (VA_ARG_EXPR, type, expr);
6068 
6069   type = complete_type_or_else (type, NULL_TREE);
6070 
6071   if (expr == error_mark_node || !type)
6072     return error_mark_node;
6073 
6074   expr = mark_lvalue_use (expr);
6075 
6076   if (type_has_nontrivial_copy_init (type)
6077       || TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type)
6078       || TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
6079     {
6080       /* Remove reference types so we don't ICE later on.  */
6081       tree type1 = non_reference (type);
6082       /* conditionally-supported behavior [expr.call] 5.2.2/7.  */
6083       error ("cannot receive objects of non-trivially-copyable type %q#T "
6084 	     "through %<...%>; ", type);
6085       expr = convert (build_pointer_type (type1), null_node);
6086       expr = cp_build_indirect_ref (expr, RO_NULL, tf_warning_or_error);
6087       return expr;
6088     }
6089 
6090   return build_va_arg (input_location, expr, type);
6091 }
6092 
6093 /* TYPE has been given to va_arg.  Apply the default conversions which
6094    would have happened when passed via ellipsis.  Return the promoted
6095    type, or the passed type if there is no change.  */
6096 
6097 tree
6098 cxx_type_promotes_to (tree type)
6099 {
6100   tree promote;
6101 
6102   /* Perform the array-to-pointer and function-to-pointer
6103      conversions.  */
6104   type = type_decays_to (type);
6105 
6106   promote = type_promotes_to (type);
6107   if (same_type_p (type, promote))
6108     promote = type;
6109 
6110   return promote;
6111 }
6112 
6113 /* ARG is a default argument expression being passed to a parameter of
6114    the indicated TYPE, which is a parameter to FN.  PARMNUM is the
6115    zero-based argument number.  Do any required conversions.  Return
6116    the converted value.  */
6117 
6118 static GTY(()) VEC(tree,gc) *default_arg_context;
6119 void
6120 push_defarg_context (tree fn)
6121 { VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, default_arg_context, fn); }
6122 void
6123 pop_defarg_context (void)
6124 { VEC_pop (tree, default_arg_context); }
6125 
6126 tree
6127 convert_default_arg (tree type, tree arg, tree fn, int parmnum)
6128 {
6129   int i;
6130   tree t;
6131 
6132   /* See through clones.  */
6133   fn = DECL_ORIGIN (fn);
6134 
6135   /* Detect recursion.  */
6136   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree, default_arg_context, i, t)
6137     if (t == fn)
6138       {
6139 	error ("recursive evaluation of default argument for %q#D", fn);
6140 	return error_mark_node;
6141       }
6142 
6143   /* If the ARG is an unparsed default argument expression, the
6144      conversion cannot be performed.  */
6145   if (TREE_CODE (arg) == DEFAULT_ARG)
6146     {
6147       error ("call to %qD uses the default argument for parameter %P, which "
6148 	     "is not yet defined", fn, parmnum);
6149       return error_mark_node;
6150     }
6151 
6152   push_defarg_context (fn);
6153 
6154   if (fn && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (fn))
6155     arg = tsubst_default_argument (fn, type, arg);
6156 
6157   /* Due to:
6158 
6159        [dcl.fct.default]
6160 
6161        The names in the expression are bound, and the semantic
6162        constraints are checked, at the point where the default
6163        expressions appears.
6164 
6165      we must not perform access checks here.  */
6166   push_deferring_access_checks (dk_no_check);
6167   /* We must make a copy of ARG, in case subsequent processing
6168      alters any part of it.  */
6169   arg = break_out_target_exprs (arg);
6170   if (TREE_CODE (arg) == CONSTRUCTOR)
6171     {
6172       arg = digest_init (type, arg, tf_warning_or_error);
6173       arg = convert_for_initialization (0, type, arg, LOOKUP_IMPLICIT,
6174 					ICR_DEFAULT_ARGUMENT, fn, parmnum,
6175                                         tf_warning_or_error);
6176     }
6177   else
6178     {
6179       arg = convert_for_initialization (0, type, arg, LOOKUP_IMPLICIT,
6180 					ICR_DEFAULT_ARGUMENT, fn, parmnum,
6181                                         tf_warning_or_error);
6182       arg = convert_for_arg_passing (type, arg);
6183     }
6184   pop_deferring_access_checks();
6185 
6186   pop_defarg_context ();
6187 
6188   return arg;
6189 }
6190 
6191 /* Returns the type which will really be used for passing an argument of
6192    type TYPE.  */
6193 
6194 tree
6195 type_passed_as (tree type)
6196 {
6197   /* Pass classes with copy ctors by invisible reference.  */
6198   if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
6199     {
6200       type = build_reference_type (type);
6201       /* There are no other pointers to this temporary.  */
6202       type = cp_build_qualified_type (type, TYPE_QUAL_RESTRICT);
6203     }
6204   else if (targetm.calls.promote_prototypes (type)
6205 	   && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
6206 	   && COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type)
6207 	   && INT_CST_LT_UNSIGNED (TYPE_SIZE (type),
6208 				   TYPE_SIZE (integer_type_node)))
6209     type = integer_type_node;
6210 
6211   return type;
6212 }
6213 
6214 /* Actually perform the appropriate conversion.  */
6215 
6216 tree
6217 convert_for_arg_passing (tree type, tree val)
6218 {
6219   tree bitfield_type;
6220 
6221   /* If VAL is a bitfield, then -- since it has already been converted
6222      to TYPE -- it cannot have a precision greater than TYPE.
6223 
6224      If it has a smaller precision, we must widen it here.  For
6225      example, passing "int f:3;" to a function expecting an "int" will
6226      not result in any conversion before this point.
6227 
6228      If the precision is the same we must not risk widening.  For
6229      example, the COMPONENT_REF for a 32-bit "long long" bitfield will
6230      often have type "int", even though the C++ type for the field is
6231      "long long".  If the value is being passed to a function
6232      expecting an "int", then no conversions will be required.  But,
6233      if we call convert_bitfield_to_declared_type, the bitfield will
6234      be converted to "long long".  */
6235   bitfield_type = is_bitfield_expr_with_lowered_type (val);
6236   if (bitfield_type
6237       && TYPE_PRECISION (TREE_TYPE (val)) < TYPE_PRECISION (type))
6238     val = convert_to_integer (TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (bitfield_type), val);
6239 
6240   if (val == error_mark_node)
6241     ;
6242   /* Pass classes with copy ctors by invisible reference.  */
6243   else if (TREE_ADDRESSABLE (type))
6244     val = build1 (ADDR_EXPR, build_reference_type (type), val);
6245   else if (targetm.calls.promote_prototypes (type)
6246 	   && INTEGRAL_TYPE_P (type)
6247 	   && COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type)
6248 	   && INT_CST_LT_UNSIGNED (TYPE_SIZE (type),
6249 				   TYPE_SIZE (integer_type_node)))
6250     val = perform_integral_promotions (val);
6251   if (warn_missing_format_attribute)
6252     {
6253       tree rhstype = TREE_TYPE (val);
6254       const enum tree_code coder = TREE_CODE (rhstype);
6255       const enum tree_code codel = TREE_CODE (type);
6256       if ((codel == POINTER_TYPE || codel == REFERENCE_TYPE)
6257 	  && coder == codel
6258 	  && check_missing_format_attribute (type, rhstype))
6259 	warning (OPT_Wmissing_format_attribute,
6260 		 "argument of function call might be a candidate for a format attribute");
6261     }
6262   return val;
6263 }
6264 
6265 /* Returns true iff FN is a function with magic varargs, i.e. ones for
6266    which no conversions at all should be done.  This is true for some
6267    builtins which don't act like normal functions.  */
6268 
6269 static bool
6270 magic_varargs_p (tree fn)
6271 {
6272   if (DECL_BUILT_IN (fn))
6273     switch (DECL_FUNCTION_CODE (fn))
6274       {
6275       case BUILT_IN_CLASSIFY_TYPE:
6276       case BUILT_IN_CONSTANT_P:
6277       case BUILT_IN_NEXT_ARG:
6278       case BUILT_IN_VA_START:
6279 	return true;
6280 
6281       default:;
6282 	return lookup_attribute ("type generic",
6283 				 TYPE_ATTRIBUTES (TREE_TYPE (fn))) != 0;
6284       }
6285 
6286   return false;
6287 }
6288 
6289 /* Subroutine of the various build_*_call functions.  Overload resolution
6290    has chosen a winning candidate CAND; build up a CALL_EXPR accordingly.
6291    ARGS is a TREE_LIST of the unconverted arguments to the call.  FLAGS is a
6292    bitmask of various LOOKUP_* flags which apply to the call itself.  */
6293 
6294 static tree
6295 build_over_call (struct z_candidate *cand, int flags, tsubst_flags_t complain)
6296 {
6297   tree fn = cand->fn;
6298   const VEC(tree,gc) *args = cand->args;
6299   tree first_arg = cand->first_arg;
6300   conversion **convs = cand->convs;
6301   conversion *conv;
6302   tree parm = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (fn));
6303   int parmlen;
6304   tree val;
6305   int i = 0;
6306   int j = 0;
6307   unsigned int arg_index = 0;
6308   int is_method = 0;
6309   int nargs;
6310   tree *argarray;
6311   bool already_used = false;
6312 
6313   /* In a template, there is no need to perform all of the work that
6314      is normally done.  We are only interested in the type of the call
6315      expression, i.e., the return type of the function.  Any semantic
6316      errors will be deferred until the template is instantiated.  */
6317   if (processing_template_decl)
6318     {
6319       tree expr;
6320       tree return_type;
6321       const tree *argarray;
6322       unsigned int nargs;
6323 
6324       return_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fn));
6325       nargs = VEC_length (tree, args);
6326       if (first_arg == NULL_TREE)
6327 	argarray = VEC_address (tree, CONST_CAST (VEC(tree,gc) *, args));
6328       else
6329 	{
6330 	  tree *alcarray;
6331 	  unsigned int ix;
6332 	  tree arg;
6333 
6334 	  ++nargs;
6335 	  alcarray = XALLOCAVEC (tree, nargs);
6336 	  alcarray[0] = first_arg;
6337 	  FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (tree, args, ix, arg)
6338 	    alcarray[ix + 1] = arg;
6339 	  argarray = alcarray;
6340 	}
6341       expr = build_call_array_loc (input_location,
6342 				   return_type, build_addr_func (fn), nargs,
6343 				   argarray);
6344       if (TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (fn) && cfun)
6345 	current_function_returns_abnormally = 1;
6346       return convert_from_reference (expr);
6347     }
6348 
6349   /* Give any warnings we noticed during overload resolution.  */
6350   if (cand->warnings && (complain & tf_warning))
6351     {
6352       struct candidate_warning *w;
6353       for (w = cand->warnings; w; w = w->next)
6354 	joust (cand, w->loser, 1);
6355     }
6356 
6357   /* Make =delete work with SFINAE.  */
6358   if (DECL_DELETED_FN (fn) && !(complain & tf_error))
6359     return error_mark_node;
6360 
6361   if (DECL_FUNCTION_MEMBER_P (fn))
6362     {
6363       tree access_fn;
6364       /* If FN is a template function, two cases must be considered.
6365 	 For example:
6366 
6367 	   struct A {
6368 	     protected:
6369 	       template <class T> void f();
6370 	   };
6371 	   template <class T> struct B {
6372 	     protected:
6373 	       void g();
6374 	   };
6375 	   struct C : A, B<int> {
6376 	     using A::f;	// #1
6377 	     using B<int>::g;	// #2
6378 	   };
6379 
6380 	 In case #1 where `A::f' is a member template, DECL_ACCESS is
6381 	 recorded in the primary template but not in its specialization.
6382 	 We check access of FN using its primary template.
6383 
6384 	 In case #2, where `B<int>::g' has a DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO simply
6385 	 because it is a member of class template B, DECL_ACCESS is
6386 	 recorded in the specialization `B<int>::g'.  We cannot use its
6387 	 primary template because `B<T>::g' and `B<int>::g' may have
6388 	 different access.  */
6389       if (DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (fn)
6390 	  && DECL_MEMBER_TEMPLATE_P (DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (fn)))
6391 	access_fn = DECL_TI_TEMPLATE (fn);
6392       else
6393 	access_fn = fn;
6394       if (flags & LOOKUP_SPECULATIVE)
6395 	{
6396 	  if (!speculative_access_check (cand->access_path, access_fn, fn,
6397 					 !!(flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN)))
6398 	    return error_mark_node;
6399 	}
6400       else
6401 	perform_or_defer_access_check (cand->access_path, access_fn, fn);
6402     }
6403 
6404   /* If we're checking for implicit delete, don't bother with argument
6405      conversions.  */
6406   if (flags & LOOKUP_SPECULATIVE)
6407     {
6408       if (DECL_DELETED_FN (fn))
6409 	{
6410 	  if (flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN)
6411 	    mark_used (fn);
6412 	  return error_mark_node;
6413 	}
6414       if (cand->viable == 1)
6415 	return fn;
6416       else if (!(flags & LOOKUP_COMPLAIN))
6417 	/* Reject bad conversions now.  */
6418 	return error_mark_node;
6419       /* else continue to get conversion error.  */
6420     }
6421 
6422   /* Find maximum size of vector to hold converted arguments.  */
6423   parmlen = list_length (parm);
6424   nargs = VEC_length (tree, args) + (first_arg != NULL_TREE ? 1 : 0);
6425   if (parmlen > nargs)
6426     nargs = parmlen;
6427   argarray = XALLOCAVEC (tree, nargs);
6428 
6429   /* The implicit parameters to a constructor are not considered by overload
6430      resolution, and must be of the proper type.  */
6431   if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn))
6432     {
6433       if (first_arg != NULL_TREE)
6434 	{
6435 	  argarray[j++] = first_arg;
6436 	  first_arg = NULL_TREE;
6437 	}
6438       else
6439 	{
6440 	  argarray[j++] = VEC_index (tree, args, arg_index);
6441 	  ++arg_index;
6442 	}
6443       parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm);
6444       /* We should never try to call the abstract constructor.  */
6445       gcc_assert (!DECL_HAS_IN_CHARGE_PARM_P (fn));
6446 
6447       if (DECL_HAS_VTT_PARM_P (fn))
6448 	{
6449 	  argarray[j++] = VEC_index (tree, args, arg_index);
6450 	  ++arg_index;
6451 	  parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm);
6452 	}
6453     }
6454   /* Bypass access control for 'this' parameter.  */
6455   else if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (fn)) == METHOD_TYPE)
6456     {
6457       tree parmtype = TREE_VALUE (parm);
6458       tree arg = (first_arg != NULL_TREE
6459 		  ? first_arg
6460 		  : VEC_index (tree, args, arg_index));
6461       tree argtype = TREE_TYPE (arg);
6462       tree converted_arg;
6463       tree base_binfo;
6464 
6465       if (convs[i]->bad_p)
6466 	{
6467 	  if (complain & tf_error)
6468 	    permerror (input_location, "passing %qT as %<this%> argument of %q#D discards qualifiers",
6469 		       TREE_TYPE (argtype), fn);
6470 	  else
6471 	    return error_mark_node;
6472 	}
6473 
6474       /* See if the function member or the whole class type is declared
6475 	 final and the call can be devirtualized.  */
6476       if (DECL_FINAL_P (fn)
6477 	  || CLASSTYPE_FINAL (TYPE_METHOD_BASETYPE (TREE_TYPE (fn))))
6478 	flags |= LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL;
6479 
6480       /* [class.mfct.nonstatic]: If a nonstatic member function of a class
6481 	 X is called for an object that is not of type X, or of a type
6482 	 derived from X, the behavior is undefined.
6483 
6484 	 So we can assume that anything passed as 'this' is non-null, and
6485 	 optimize accordingly.  */
6486       gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (parmtype) == POINTER_TYPE);
6487       /* Convert to the base in which the function was declared.  */
6488       gcc_assert (cand->conversion_path != NULL_TREE);
6489       converted_arg = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR,
6490 				       arg,
6491 				       cand->conversion_path,
6492 				       1, complain);
6493       /* Check that the base class is accessible.  */
6494       if (!accessible_base_p (TREE_TYPE (argtype),
6495 			      BINFO_TYPE (cand->conversion_path), true))
6496 	error ("%qT is not an accessible base of %qT",
6497 	       BINFO_TYPE (cand->conversion_path),
6498 	       TREE_TYPE (argtype));
6499       /* If fn was found by a using declaration, the conversion path
6500 	 will be to the derived class, not the base declaring fn. We
6501 	 must convert from derived to base.  */
6502       base_binfo = lookup_base (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (converted_arg)),
6503 				TREE_TYPE (parmtype), ba_unique, NULL);
6504       converted_arg = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, converted_arg,
6505 				       base_binfo, 1, complain);
6506 
6507       argarray[j++] = converted_arg;
6508       parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm);
6509       if (first_arg != NULL_TREE)
6510 	first_arg = NULL_TREE;
6511       else
6512 	++arg_index;
6513       ++i;
6514       is_method = 1;
6515     }
6516 
6517   gcc_assert (first_arg == NULL_TREE);
6518   for (; arg_index < VEC_length (tree, args) && parm;
6519        parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm), ++arg_index, ++i)
6520     {
6521       tree type = TREE_VALUE (parm);
6522       tree arg = VEC_index (tree, args, arg_index);
6523       bool conversion_warning = true;
6524 
6525       conv = convs[i];
6526 
6527       /* If the argument is NULL and used to (implicitly) instantiate a
6528          template function (and bind one of the template arguments to
6529          the type of 'long int'), we don't want to warn about passing NULL
6530          to non-pointer argument.
6531          For example, if we have this template function:
6532 
6533            template<typename T> void func(T x) {}
6534 
6535          we want to warn (when -Wconversion is enabled) in this case:
6536 
6537            void foo() {
6538              func<int>(NULL);
6539            }
6540 
6541          but not in this case:
6542 
6543            void foo() {
6544              func(NULL);
6545            }
6546       */
6547       if (arg == null_node
6548           && DECL_TEMPLATE_INFO (fn)
6549           && cand->template_decl
6550           && !(flags & LOOKUP_EXPLICIT_TMPL_ARGS))
6551         conversion_warning = false;
6552 
6553       /* Warn about initializer_list deduction that isn't currently in the
6554 	 working draft.  */
6555       if (cxx_dialect > cxx98
6556 	  && flag_deduce_init_list
6557 	  && cand->template_decl
6558 	  && is_std_init_list (non_reference (type))
6559 	  && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (arg))
6560 	{
6561 	  tree tmpl = TI_TEMPLATE (cand->template_decl);
6562 	  tree realparm = chain_index (j, DECL_ARGUMENTS (cand->fn));
6563 	  tree patparm = get_pattern_parm (realparm, tmpl);
6564 	  tree pattype = TREE_TYPE (patparm);
6565 	  if (PACK_EXPANSION_P (pattype))
6566 	    pattype = PACK_EXPANSION_PATTERN (pattype);
6567 	  pattype = non_reference (pattype);
6568 
6569 	  if (TREE_CODE (pattype) == TEMPLATE_TYPE_PARM
6570 	      && (cand->explicit_targs == NULL_TREE
6571 		  || (TREE_VEC_LENGTH (cand->explicit_targs)
6572 		      <= TEMPLATE_TYPE_IDX (pattype))))
6573 	    {
6574 	      pedwarn (input_location, 0, "deducing %qT as %qT",
6575 		       non_reference (TREE_TYPE (patparm)),
6576 		       non_reference (type));
6577 	      pedwarn (input_location, 0, "  in call to %q+D", cand->fn);
6578 	      pedwarn (input_location, 0,
6579 		       "  (you can disable this with -fno-deduce-init-list)");
6580 	    }
6581 	}
6582 
6583       val = convert_like_with_context (conv, arg, fn, i-is_method,
6584 	                               conversion_warning
6585 				       ? complain
6586 				       : complain & (~tf_warning));
6587 
6588       val = convert_for_arg_passing (type, val);
6589       if (val == error_mark_node)
6590         return error_mark_node;
6591       else
6592         argarray[j++] = val;
6593     }
6594 
6595   /* Default arguments */
6596   for (; parm && parm != void_list_node; parm = TREE_CHAIN (parm), i++)
6597     {
6598       if (TREE_VALUE (parm) == error_mark_node)
6599 	return error_mark_node;
6600       argarray[j++] = convert_default_arg (TREE_VALUE (parm),
6601 					   TREE_PURPOSE (parm),
6602 					   fn, i - is_method);
6603     }
6604 
6605   /* Ellipsis */
6606   for (; arg_index < VEC_length (tree, args); ++arg_index)
6607     {
6608       tree a = VEC_index (tree, args, arg_index);
6609       if (magic_varargs_p (fn))
6610 	/* Do no conversions for magic varargs.  */
6611 	a = mark_type_use (a);
6612       else
6613 	a = convert_arg_to_ellipsis (a);
6614       argarray[j++] = a;
6615     }
6616 
6617   gcc_assert (j <= nargs);
6618   nargs = j;
6619 
6620   check_function_arguments (TREE_TYPE (fn), nargs, argarray);
6621 
6622   /* Avoid actually calling copy constructors and copy assignment operators,
6623      if possible.  */
6624 
6625   if (! flag_elide_constructors)
6626     /* Do things the hard way.  */;
6627   else if (cand->num_convs == 1
6628            && (DECL_COPY_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn)
6629                || DECL_MOVE_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn)))
6630     {
6631       tree targ;
6632       tree arg = argarray[num_artificial_parms_for (fn)];
6633       tree fa;
6634       bool trivial = trivial_fn_p (fn);
6635 
6636       /* Pull out the real argument, disregarding const-correctness.  */
6637       targ = arg;
6638       while (CONVERT_EXPR_P (targ)
6639 	     || TREE_CODE (targ) == NON_LVALUE_EXPR)
6640 	targ = TREE_OPERAND (targ, 0);
6641       if (TREE_CODE (targ) == ADDR_EXPR)
6642 	{
6643 	  targ = TREE_OPERAND (targ, 0);
6644 	  if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p
6645 	      (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (arg)), TREE_TYPE (targ)))
6646 	    targ = NULL_TREE;
6647 	}
6648       else
6649 	targ = NULL_TREE;
6650 
6651       if (targ)
6652 	arg = targ;
6653       else
6654 	arg = cp_build_indirect_ref (arg, RO_NULL, complain);
6655 
6656       /* [class.copy]: the copy constructor is implicitly defined even if
6657 	 the implementation elided its use.  */
6658       if (!trivial || DECL_DELETED_FN (fn))
6659 	{
6660 	  mark_used (fn);
6661 	  already_used = true;
6662 	}
6663 
6664       /* If we're creating a temp and we already have one, don't create a
6665 	 new one.  If we're not creating a temp but we get one, use
6666 	 INIT_EXPR to collapse the temp into our target.  Otherwise, if the
6667 	 ctor is trivial, do a bitwise copy with a simple TARGET_EXPR for a
6668 	 temp or an INIT_EXPR otherwise.  */
6669       fa = argarray[0];
6670       if (integer_zerop (fa))
6671 	{
6672 	  if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TARGET_EXPR)
6673 	    return arg;
6674 	  else if (trivial)
6675 	    return force_target_expr (DECL_CONTEXT (fn), arg, complain);
6676 	}
6677       else if (TREE_CODE (arg) == TARGET_EXPR || trivial)
6678 	{
6679 	  tree to = stabilize_reference (cp_build_indirect_ref (fa, RO_NULL,
6680 								complain));
6681 
6682 	  val = build2 (INIT_EXPR, DECL_CONTEXT (fn), to, arg);
6683 	  return val;
6684 	}
6685     }
6686   else if (DECL_OVERLOADED_OPERATOR_P (fn) == NOP_EXPR
6687 	   && trivial_fn_p (fn)
6688 	   && !DECL_DELETED_FN (fn))
6689     {
6690       tree to = stabilize_reference
6691 	(cp_build_indirect_ref (argarray[0], RO_NULL, complain));
6692       tree type = TREE_TYPE (to);
6693       tree as_base = CLASSTYPE_AS_BASE (type);
6694       tree arg = argarray[1];
6695 
6696       if (is_really_empty_class (type))
6697 	{
6698 	  /* Avoid copying empty classes.  */
6699 	  val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, void_type_node, to, arg);
6700 	  TREE_NO_WARNING (val) = 1;
6701 	  val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, type, val, to);
6702 	  TREE_NO_WARNING (val) = 1;
6703 	}
6704       else if (tree_int_cst_equal (TYPE_SIZE (type), TYPE_SIZE (as_base)))
6705 	{
6706 	  arg = cp_build_indirect_ref (arg, RO_NULL, complain);
6707 	  val = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (to), to, arg);
6708 	}
6709       else
6710 	{
6711 	  /* We must only copy the non-tail padding parts.  */
6712 	  tree arg0, arg2, t;
6713 	  tree array_type, alias_set;
6714 
6715 	  arg2 = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (as_base);
6716 	  arg0 = cp_build_addr_expr (to, complain);
6717 
6718 	  array_type = build_array_type (char_type_node,
6719 					 build_index_type
6720 					   (size_binop (MINUS_EXPR,
6721 							arg2, size_int (1))));
6722 	  alias_set = build_int_cst (build_pointer_type (type), 0);
6723 	  t = build2 (MODIFY_EXPR, void_type_node,
6724 		      build2 (MEM_REF, array_type, arg0, alias_set),
6725 		      build2 (MEM_REF, array_type, arg, alias_set));
6726 	  val = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (to), t, to);
6727           TREE_NO_WARNING (val) = 1;
6728 	}
6729 
6730       return val;
6731     }
6732   else if (DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (fn)
6733 	   && trivial_fn_p (fn)
6734 	   && !DECL_DELETED_FN (fn))
6735     return fold_convert (void_type_node, argarray[0]);
6736   /* FIXME handle trivial default constructor, too.  */
6737 
6738   if (!already_used)
6739     mark_used (fn);
6740 
6741   if (DECL_VINDEX (fn) && (flags & LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL) == 0)
6742     {
6743       tree t;
6744       tree binfo = lookup_base (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (argarray[0])),
6745 				DECL_CONTEXT (fn),
6746 				ba_any, NULL);
6747       gcc_assert (binfo && binfo != error_mark_node);
6748 
6749       /* Warn about deprecated virtual functions now, since we're about
6750 	 to throw away the decl.  */
6751       if (TREE_DEPRECATED (fn))
6752 	warn_deprecated_use (fn, NULL_TREE);
6753 
6754       argarray[0] = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, argarray[0], binfo, 1,
6755 				     complain);
6756       if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (argarray[0]))
6757 	argarray[0] = save_expr (argarray[0]);
6758       t = build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (fn));
6759       if (DECL_CONTEXT (fn) && TYPE_JAVA_INTERFACE (DECL_CONTEXT (fn)))
6760 	fn = build_java_interface_fn_ref (fn, argarray[0]);
6761       else
6762 	fn = build_vfn_ref (argarray[0], DECL_VINDEX (fn));
6763       TREE_TYPE (fn) = t;
6764     }
6765   else
6766     fn = build_addr_func (fn);
6767 
6768   return build_cxx_call (fn, nargs, argarray);
6769 }
6770 
6771 /* Build and return a call to FN, using NARGS arguments in ARGARRAY.
6772    This function performs no overload resolution, conversion, or other
6773    high-level operations.  */
6774 
6775 tree
6776 build_cxx_call (tree fn, int nargs, tree *argarray)
6777 {
6778   tree fndecl;
6779 
6780   /* Remember roughly where this call is.  */
6781   location_t loc = EXPR_LOC_OR_HERE (fn);
6782   fn = build_call_a (fn, nargs, argarray);
6783   SET_EXPR_LOCATION (fn, loc);
6784 
6785   fndecl = get_callee_fndecl (fn);
6786 
6787   /* Check that arguments to builtin functions match the expectations.  */
6788   if (fndecl
6789       && DECL_BUILT_IN (fndecl)
6790       && DECL_BUILT_IN_CLASS (fndecl) == BUILT_IN_NORMAL
6791       && !check_builtin_function_arguments (fndecl, nargs, argarray))
6792     return error_mark_node;
6793 
6794   /* Some built-in function calls will be evaluated at compile-time in
6795      fold ().  */
6796   fn = fold_if_not_in_template (fn);
6797 
6798   if (VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (fn)))
6799     return fn;
6800 
6801   fn = require_complete_type (fn);
6802   if (fn == error_mark_node)
6803     return error_mark_node;
6804 
6805   if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (fn)))
6806     fn = build_cplus_new (TREE_TYPE (fn), fn, tf_warning_or_error);
6807   return convert_from_reference (fn);
6808 }
6809 
6810 static GTY(()) tree java_iface_lookup_fn;
6811 
6812 /* Make an expression which yields the address of the Java interface
6813    method FN.  This is achieved by generating a call to libjava's
6814    _Jv_LookupInterfaceMethodIdx().  */
6815 
6816 static tree
6817 build_java_interface_fn_ref (tree fn, tree instance)
6818 {
6819   tree lookup_fn, method, idx;
6820   tree klass_ref, iface, iface_ref;
6821   int i;
6822 
6823   if (!java_iface_lookup_fn)
6824     {
6825       tree ftype = build_function_type_list (ptr_type_node,
6826 					     ptr_type_node, ptr_type_node,
6827 					     java_int_type_node, NULL_TREE);
6828       java_iface_lookup_fn
6829 	= add_builtin_function ("_Jv_LookupInterfaceMethodIdx", ftype,
6830 				0, NOT_BUILT_IN, NULL, NULL_TREE);
6831     }
6832 
6833   /* Look up the pointer to the runtime java.lang.Class object for `instance'.
6834      This is the first entry in the vtable.  */
6835   klass_ref = build_vtbl_ref (cp_build_indirect_ref (instance, RO_NULL,
6836                                                      tf_warning_or_error),
6837 			      integer_zero_node);
6838 
6839   /* Get the java.lang.Class pointer for the interface being called.  */
6840   iface = DECL_CONTEXT (fn);
6841   iface_ref = lookup_field (iface, get_identifier ("class$"), 0, false);
6842   if (!iface_ref || TREE_CODE (iface_ref) != VAR_DECL
6843       || DECL_CONTEXT (iface_ref) != iface)
6844     {
6845       error ("could not find class$ field in java interface type %qT",
6846 		iface);
6847       return error_mark_node;
6848     }
6849   iface_ref = build_address (iface_ref);
6850   iface_ref = convert (build_pointer_type (iface), iface_ref);
6851 
6852   /* Determine the itable index of FN.  */
6853   i = 1;
6854   for (method = TYPE_METHODS (iface); method; method = DECL_CHAIN (method))
6855     {
6856       if (!DECL_VIRTUAL_P (method))
6857 	continue;
6858       if (fn == method)
6859 	break;
6860       i++;
6861     }
6862   idx = build_int_cst (NULL_TREE, i);
6863 
6864   lookup_fn = build1 (ADDR_EXPR,
6865 		      build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (java_iface_lookup_fn)),
6866 		      java_iface_lookup_fn);
6867   return build_call_nary (ptr_type_node, lookup_fn,
6868 			  3, klass_ref, iface_ref, idx);
6869 }
6870 
6871 /* Returns the value to use for the in-charge parameter when making a
6872    call to a function with the indicated NAME.
6873 
6874    FIXME:Can't we find a neater way to do this mapping?  */
6875 
6876 tree
6877 in_charge_arg_for_name (tree name)
6878 {
6879  if (name == base_ctor_identifier
6880       || name == base_dtor_identifier)
6881     return integer_zero_node;
6882   else if (name == complete_ctor_identifier)
6883     return integer_one_node;
6884   else if (name == complete_dtor_identifier)
6885     return integer_two_node;
6886   else if (name == deleting_dtor_identifier)
6887     return integer_three_node;
6888 
6889   /* This function should only be called with one of the names listed
6890      above.  */
6891   gcc_unreachable ();
6892   return NULL_TREE;
6893 }
6894 
6895 /* Build a call to a constructor, destructor, or an assignment
6896    operator for INSTANCE, an expression with class type.  NAME
6897    indicates the special member function to call; *ARGS are the
6898    arguments.  ARGS may be NULL.  This may change ARGS.  BINFO
6899    indicates the base of INSTANCE that is to be passed as the `this'
6900    parameter to the member function called.
6901 
6902    FLAGS are the LOOKUP_* flags to use when processing the call.
6903 
6904    If NAME indicates a complete object constructor, INSTANCE may be
6905    NULL_TREE.  In this case, the caller will call build_cplus_new to
6906    store the newly constructed object into a VAR_DECL.  */
6907 
6908 tree
6909 build_special_member_call (tree instance, tree name, VEC(tree,gc) **args,
6910 			   tree binfo, int flags, tsubst_flags_t complain)
6911 {
6912   tree fns;
6913   /* The type of the subobject to be constructed or destroyed.  */
6914   tree class_type;
6915   VEC(tree,gc) *allocated = NULL;
6916   tree ret;
6917 
6918   gcc_assert (name == complete_ctor_identifier
6919 	      || name == base_ctor_identifier
6920 	      || name == complete_dtor_identifier
6921 	      || name == base_dtor_identifier
6922 	      || name == deleting_dtor_identifier
6923 	      || name == ansi_assopname (NOP_EXPR));
6924   if (TYPE_P (binfo))
6925     {
6926       /* Resolve the name.  */
6927       if (!complete_type_or_maybe_complain (binfo, NULL_TREE, complain))
6928 	return error_mark_node;
6929 
6930       binfo = TYPE_BINFO (binfo);
6931     }
6932 
6933   gcc_assert (binfo != NULL_TREE);
6934 
6935   class_type = BINFO_TYPE (binfo);
6936 
6937   /* Handle the special case where INSTANCE is NULL_TREE.  */
6938   if (name == complete_ctor_identifier && !instance)
6939     {
6940       instance = build_int_cst (build_pointer_type (class_type), 0);
6941       instance = build1 (INDIRECT_REF, class_type, instance);
6942     }
6943   else
6944     {
6945       if (name == complete_dtor_identifier
6946 	  || name == base_dtor_identifier
6947 	  || name == deleting_dtor_identifier)
6948 	gcc_assert (args == NULL || VEC_empty (tree, *args));
6949 
6950       /* Convert to the base class, if necessary.  */
6951       if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p
6952 	  (TREE_TYPE (instance), BINFO_TYPE (binfo)))
6953 	{
6954 	  if (name != ansi_assopname (NOP_EXPR))
6955 	    /* For constructors and destructors, either the base is
6956 	       non-virtual, or it is virtual but we are doing the
6957 	       conversion from a constructor or destructor for the
6958 	       complete object.  In either case, we can convert
6959 	       statically.  */
6960 	    instance = convert_to_base_statically (instance, binfo);
6961 	  else
6962 	    /* However, for assignment operators, we must convert
6963 	       dynamically if the base is virtual.  */
6964 	    instance = build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR, instance,
6965 					binfo, /*nonnull=*/1, complain);
6966 	}
6967     }
6968 
6969   gcc_assert (instance != NULL_TREE);
6970 
6971   fns = lookup_fnfields (binfo, name, 1);
6972 
6973   /* When making a call to a constructor or destructor for a subobject
6974      that uses virtual base classes, pass down a pointer to a VTT for
6975      the subobject.  */
6976   if ((name == base_ctor_identifier
6977        || name == base_dtor_identifier)
6978       && CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (class_type))
6979     {
6980       tree vtt;
6981       tree sub_vtt;
6982 
6983       /* If the current function is a complete object constructor
6984 	 or destructor, then we fetch the VTT directly.
6985 	 Otherwise, we look it up using the VTT we were given.  */
6986       vtt = DECL_CHAIN (CLASSTYPE_VTABLES (current_class_type));
6987       vtt = decay_conversion (vtt);
6988       vtt = build3 (COND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (vtt),
6989 		    build2 (EQ_EXPR, boolean_type_node,
6990 			    current_in_charge_parm, integer_zero_node),
6991 		    current_vtt_parm,
6992 		    vtt);
6993       if (BINFO_SUBVTT_INDEX (binfo))
6994 	sub_vtt = fold_build_pointer_plus (vtt, BINFO_SUBVTT_INDEX (binfo));
6995       else
6996 	sub_vtt = vtt;
6997 
6998       if (args == NULL)
6999 	{
7000 	  allocated = make_tree_vector ();
7001 	  args = &allocated;
7002 	}
7003 
7004       VEC_safe_insert (tree, gc, *args, 0, sub_vtt);
7005     }
7006 
7007   ret = build_new_method_call (instance, fns, args,
7008 			       TYPE_BINFO (BINFO_TYPE (binfo)),
7009 			       flags, /*fn=*/NULL,
7010 			       complain);
7011 
7012   if (allocated != NULL)
7013     release_tree_vector (allocated);
7014 
7015   return ret;
7016 }
7017 
7018 /* Return the NAME, as a C string.  The NAME indicates a function that
7019    is a member of TYPE.  *FREE_P is set to true if the caller must
7020    free the memory returned.
7021 
7022    Rather than go through all of this, we should simply set the names
7023    of constructors and destructors appropriately, and dispense with
7024    ctor_identifier, dtor_identifier, etc.  */
7025 
7026 static char *
7027 name_as_c_string (tree name, tree type, bool *free_p)
7028 {
7029   char *pretty_name;
7030 
7031   /* Assume that we will not allocate memory.  */
7032   *free_p = false;
7033   /* Constructors and destructors are special.  */
7034   if (IDENTIFIER_CTOR_OR_DTOR_P (name))
7035     {
7036       pretty_name
7037 	= CONST_CAST (char *, identifier_to_locale (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (constructor_name (type))));
7038       /* For a destructor, add the '~'.  */
7039       if (name == complete_dtor_identifier
7040 	  || name == base_dtor_identifier
7041 	  || name == deleting_dtor_identifier)
7042 	{
7043 	  pretty_name = concat ("~", pretty_name, NULL);
7044 	  /* Remember that we need to free the memory allocated.  */
7045 	  *free_p = true;
7046 	}
7047     }
7048   else if (IDENTIFIER_TYPENAME_P (name))
7049     {
7050       pretty_name = concat ("operator ",
7051 			    type_as_string_translate (TREE_TYPE (name),
7052 						      TFF_PLAIN_IDENTIFIER),
7053 			    NULL);
7054       /* Remember that we need to free the memory allocated.  */
7055       *free_p = true;
7056     }
7057   else
7058     pretty_name = CONST_CAST (char *, identifier_to_locale (IDENTIFIER_POINTER (name)));
7059 
7060   return pretty_name;
7061 }
7062 
7063 /* Build a call to "INSTANCE.FN (ARGS)".  If FN_P is non-NULL, it will
7064    be set, upon return, to the function called.  ARGS may be NULL.
7065    This may change ARGS.  */
7066 
7067 static tree
7068 build_new_method_call_1 (tree instance, tree fns, VEC(tree,gc) **args,
7069 		         tree conversion_path, int flags,
7070 		         tree *fn_p, tsubst_flags_t complain)
7071 {
7072   struct z_candidate *candidates = 0, *cand;
7073   tree explicit_targs = NULL_TREE;
7074   tree basetype = NULL_TREE;
7075   tree access_binfo;
7076   tree optype;
7077   tree first_mem_arg = NULL_TREE;
7078   tree instance_ptr;
7079   tree name;
7080   bool skip_first_for_error;
7081   VEC(tree,gc) *user_args;
7082   tree call;
7083   tree fn;
7084   int template_only = 0;
7085   bool any_viable_p;
7086   tree orig_instance;
7087   tree orig_fns;
7088   VEC(tree,gc) *orig_args = NULL;
7089   void *p;
7090 
7091   gcc_assert (instance != NULL_TREE);
7092 
7093   /* We don't know what function we're going to call, yet.  */
7094   if (fn_p)
7095     *fn_p = NULL_TREE;
7096 
7097   if (error_operand_p (instance)
7098       || !fns || error_operand_p (fns))
7099     return error_mark_node;
7100 
7101   if (!BASELINK_P (fns))
7102     {
7103       if (complain & tf_error)
7104 	error ("call to non-function %qD", fns);
7105       return error_mark_node;
7106     }
7107 
7108   orig_instance = instance;
7109   orig_fns = fns;
7110 
7111   /* Dismantle the baselink to collect all the information we need.  */
7112   if (!conversion_path)
7113     conversion_path = BASELINK_BINFO (fns);
7114   access_binfo = BASELINK_ACCESS_BINFO (fns);
7115   optype = BASELINK_OPTYPE (fns);
7116   fns = BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (fns);
7117   if (TREE_CODE (fns) == TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR)
7118     {
7119       explicit_targs = TREE_OPERAND (fns, 1);
7120       fns = TREE_OPERAND (fns, 0);
7121       template_only = 1;
7122     }
7123   gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (fns) == FUNCTION_DECL
7124 	      || TREE_CODE (fns) == TEMPLATE_DECL
7125 	      || TREE_CODE (fns) == OVERLOAD);
7126   fn = get_first_fn (fns);
7127   name = DECL_NAME (fn);
7128 
7129   basetype = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (instance));
7130   gcc_assert (CLASS_TYPE_P (basetype));
7131 
7132   if (processing_template_decl)
7133     {
7134       orig_args = args == NULL ? NULL : make_tree_vector_copy (*args);
7135       instance = build_non_dependent_expr (instance);
7136       if (args != NULL)
7137 	make_args_non_dependent (*args);
7138     }
7139 
7140   user_args = args == NULL ? NULL : *args;
7141   /* Under DR 147 A::A() is an invalid constructor call,
7142      not a functional cast.  */
7143   if (DECL_MAYBE_IN_CHARGE_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn))
7144     {
7145       if (! (complain & tf_error))
7146 	return error_mark_node;
7147 
7148       permerror (input_location,
7149 		 "cannot call constructor %<%T::%D%> directly",
7150 		 basetype, name);
7151       permerror (input_location, "  for a function-style cast, remove the "
7152 		 "redundant %<::%D%>", name);
7153       call = build_functional_cast (basetype, build_tree_list_vec (user_args),
7154 				    complain);
7155       return call;
7156     }
7157 
7158   /* Figure out whether to skip the first argument for the error
7159      message we will display to users if an error occurs.  We don't
7160      want to display any compiler-generated arguments.  The "this"
7161      pointer hasn't been added yet.  However, we must remove the VTT
7162      pointer if this is a call to a base-class constructor or
7163      destructor.  */
7164   skip_first_for_error = false;
7165   if (IDENTIFIER_CTOR_OR_DTOR_P (name))
7166     {
7167       /* Callers should explicitly indicate whether they want to construct
7168 	 the complete object or just the part without virtual bases.  */
7169       gcc_assert (name != ctor_identifier);
7170       /* Similarly for destructors.  */
7171       gcc_assert (name != dtor_identifier);
7172       /* Remove the VTT pointer, if present.  */
7173       if ((name == base_ctor_identifier || name == base_dtor_identifier)
7174 	  && CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (basetype))
7175 	skip_first_for_error = true;
7176     }
7177 
7178   /* Process the argument list.  */
7179   if (args != NULL && *args != NULL)
7180     {
7181       *args = resolve_args (*args, complain);
7182       if (*args == NULL)
7183 	return error_mark_node;
7184     }
7185 
7186   instance_ptr = build_this (instance);
7187 
7188   /* It's OK to call destructors and constructors on cv-qualified objects.
7189      Therefore, convert the INSTANCE_PTR to the unqualified type, if
7190      necessary.  */
7191   if (DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (fn)
7192       || DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn))
7193     {
7194       tree type = build_pointer_type (basetype);
7195       if (!same_type_p (type, TREE_TYPE (instance_ptr)))
7196 	instance_ptr = build_nop (type, instance_ptr);
7197     }
7198   if (DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (fn))
7199     name = complete_dtor_identifier;
7200 
7201   first_mem_arg = instance_ptr;
7202 
7203   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
7204   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
7205 
7206   /* If CONSTRUCTOR_IS_DIRECT_INIT is set, this was a T{ } form
7207      initializer, not T({ }).  */
7208   if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (fn) && args != NULL && !VEC_empty (tree, *args)
7209       && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (VEC_index (tree, *args, 0))
7210       && CONSTRUCTOR_IS_DIRECT_INIT (VEC_index (tree, *args, 0)))
7211     {
7212       tree init_list = VEC_index (tree, *args, 0);
7213       tree init = NULL_TREE;
7214 
7215       gcc_assert (VEC_length (tree, *args) == 1
7216 		  && !(flags & LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING));
7217 
7218       /* If the initializer list has no elements and T is a class type with
7219 	 a default constructor, the object is value-initialized.  Handle
7220 	 this here so we don't need to handle it wherever we use
7221 	 build_special_member_call.  */
7222       if (CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (init_list) == 0
7223 	  && TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (basetype)
7224 	  /* For a user-provided default constructor, use the normal
7225 	     mechanisms so that protected access works.  */
7226 	  && !type_has_user_provided_default_constructor (basetype)
7227 	  && !processing_template_decl)
7228 	init = build_value_init (basetype, complain);
7229 
7230       /* If BASETYPE is an aggregate, we need to do aggregate
7231 	 initialization.  */
7232       else if (CP_AGGREGATE_TYPE_P (basetype))
7233 	init = digest_init (basetype, init_list, complain);
7234 
7235       if (init)
7236 	{
7237 	  tree ob;
7238 	  if (integer_zerop (instance_ptr))
7239 	    return get_target_expr_sfinae (init, complain);
7240 	  ob = build_fold_indirect_ref (instance_ptr);
7241 	  init = build2 (INIT_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (ob), ob, init);
7242 	  TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (init) = true;
7243 	  return init;
7244 	}
7245 
7246       /* Otherwise go ahead with overload resolution.  */
7247       add_list_candidates (fns, first_mem_arg, init_list,
7248 			   basetype, explicit_targs, template_only,
7249 			   conversion_path, access_binfo, flags, &candidates);
7250     }
7251   else
7252     {
7253       add_candidates (fns, first_mem_arg, user_args, optype,
7254 		      explicit_targs, template_only, conversion_path,
7255 		      access_binfo, flags, &candidates);
7256     }
7257   any_viable_p = false;
7258   candidates = splice_viable (candidates, pedantic, &any_viable_p);
7259 
7260   if (!any_viable_p)
7261     {
7262       if (complain & tf_error)
7263 	{
7264 	  if (!COMPLETE_OR_OPEN_TYPE_P (basetype))
7265 	    cxx_incomplete_type_error (instance_ptr, basetype);
7266 	  else if (optype)
7267 	    error ("no matching function for call to %<%T::operator %T(%A)%#V%>",
7268 		   basetype, optype, build_tree_list_vec (user_args),
7269 		   TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (instance_ptr)));
7270 	  else
7271 	    {
7272 	      char *pretty_name;
7273 	      bool free_p;
7274 	      tree arglist;
7275 
7276 	      pretty_name = name_as_c_string (name, basetype, &free_p);
7277 	      arglist = build_tree_list_vec (user_args);
7278 	      if (skip_first_for_error)
7279 		arglist = TREE_CHAIN (arglist);
7280 	      error ("no matching function for call to %<%T::%s(%A)%#V%>",
7281 		     basetype, pretty_name, arglist,
7282 		     TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (instance_ptr)));
7283 	      if (free_p)
7284 		free (pretty_name);
7285 	    }
7286 	  print_z_candidates (location_of (name), candidates);
7287 	}
7288       call = error_mark_node;
7289     }
7290   else
7291     {
7292       cand = tourney (candidates);
7293       if (cand == 0)
7294 	{
7295 	  char *pretty_name;
7296 	  bool free_p;
7297 	  tree arglist;
7298 
7299 	  if (complain & tf_error)
7300 	    {
7301 	      pretty_name = name_as_c_string (name, basetype, &free_p);
7302 	      arglist = build_tree_list_vec (user_args);
7303 	      if (skip_first_for_error)
7304 		arglist = TREE_CHAIN (arglist);
7305 	      error ("call of overloaded %<%s(%A)%> is ambiguous", pretty_name,
7306 		     arglist);
7307 	      print_z_candidates (location_of (name), candidates);
7308 	      if (free_p)
7309 		free (pretty_name);
7310 	    }
7311 	  call = error_mark_node;
7312 	}
7313       else
7314 	{
7315 	  fn = cand->fn;
7316 
7317 	  if (!(flags & LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL)
7318 	      && DECL_PURE_VIRTUAL_P (fn)
7319 	      && instance == current_class_ref
7320 	      && (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (current_function_decl)
7321 		  || DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (current_function_decl))
7322 	      && (complain & tf_warning))
7323 	    /* This is not an error, it is runtime undefined
7324 	       behavior.  */
7325 	    warning (0, (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (current_function_decl) ?
7326 		      "pure virtual %q#D called from constructor"
7327 		      : "pure virtual %q#D called from destructor"),
7328 		     fn);
7329 
7330 	  if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (fn)) == METHOD_TYPE
7331 	      && is_dummy_object (instance_ptr))
7332 	    {
7333 	      if (complain & tf_error)
7334 		error ("cannot call member function %qD without object",
7335 		       fn);
7336 	      call = error_mark_node;
7337 	    }
7338 	  else
7339 	    {
7340 	      /* Optimize away vtable lookup if we know that this function
7341 		 can't be overridden.  */
7342 	      if (DECL_VINDEX (fn) && ! (flags & LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL)
7343 		  && resolves_to_fixed_type_p (instance, 0))
7344 		flags |= LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL;
7345               if (explicit_targs)
7346                 flags |= LOOKUP_EXPLICIT_TMPL_ARGS;
7347 	      /* Now we know what function is being called.  */
7348 	      if (fn_p)
7349 		*fn_p = fn;
7350 	      /* Build the actual CALL_EXPR.  */
7351 	      call = build_over_call (cand, flags, complain);
7352 	      /* In an expression of the form `a->f()' where `f' turns
7353 		 out to be a static member function, `a' is
7354 		 none-the-less evaluated.  */
7355 	      if (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (fn)) != METHOD_TYPE
7356 		  && !is_dummy_object (instance_ptr)
7357 		  && TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (instance_ptr))
7358 		call = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (call),
7359 			       instance_ptr, call);
7360 	      else if (call != error_mark_node
7361 		       && DECL_DESTRUCTOR_P (cand->fn)
7362 		       && !VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (call)))
7363 		/* An explicit call of the form "x->~X()" has type
7364 		   "void".  However, on platforms where destructors
7365 		   return "this" (i.e., those where
7366 		   targetm.cxx.cdtor_returns_this is true), such calls
7367 		   will appear to have a return value of pointer type
7368 		   to the low-level call machinery.  We do not want to
7369 		   change the low-level machinery, since we want to be
7370 		   able to optimize "delete f()" on such platforms as
7371 		   "operator delete(~X(f()))" (rather than generating
7372 		   "t = f(), ~X(t), operator delete (t)").  */
7373 		call = build_nop (void_type_node, call);
7374 	    }
7375 	}
7376     }
7377 
7378   if (processing_template_decl && call != error_mark_node)
7379     {
7380       bool cast_to_void = false;
7381 
7382       if (TREE_CODE (call) == COMPOUND_EXPR)
7383 	call = TREE_OPERAND (call, 1);
7384       else if (TREE_CODE (call) == NOP_EXPR)
7385 	{
7386 	  cast_to_void = true;
7387 	  call = TREE_OPERAND (call, 0);
7388 	}
7389       if (TREE_CODE (call) == INDIRECT_REF)
7390 	call = TREE_OPERAND (call, 0);
7391       call = (build_min_non_dep_call_vec
7392 	      (call,
7393 	       build_min (COMPONENT_REF, TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_FN (call)),
7394 			  orig_instance, orig_fns, NULL_TREE),
7395 	       orig_args));
7396       call = convert_from_reference (call);
7397       if (cast_to_void)
7398 	call = build_nop (void_type_node, call);
7399     }
7400 
7401  /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
7402   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
7403 
7404   if (orig_args != NULL)
7405     release_tree_vector (orig_args);
7406 
7407   return call;
7408 }
7409 
7410 /* Wrapper for above.  */
7411 
7412 tree
7413 build_new_method_call (tree instance, tree fns, VEC(tree,gc) **args,
7414 		       tree conversion_path, int flags,
7415 		       tree *fn_p, tsubst_flags_t complain)
7416 {
7417   tree ret;
7418   bool subtime = timevar_cond_start (TV_OVERLOAD);
7419   ret = build_new_method_call_1 (instance, fns, args, conversion_path, flags,
7420                                  fn_p, complain);
7421   timevar_cond_stop (TV_OVERLOAD, subtime);
7422   return ret;
7423 }
7424 
7425 /* Returns true iff standard conversion sequence ICS1 is a proper
7426    subsequence of ICS2.  */
7427 
7428 static bool
7429 is_subseq (conversion *ics1, conversion *ics2)
7430 {
7431   /* We can assume that a conversion of the same code
7432      between the same types indicates a subsequence since we only get
7433      here if the types we are converting from are the same.  */
7434 
7435   while (ics1->kind == ck_rvalue
7436 	 || ics1->kind == ck_lvalue)
7437     ics1 = ics1->u.next;
7438 
7439   while (1)
7440     {
7441       while (ics2->kind == ck_rvalue
7442 	     || ics2->kind == ck_lvalue)
7443 	ics2 = ics2->u.next;
7444 
7445       if (ics2->kind == ck_user
7446 	  || ics2->kind == ck_ambig
7447 	  || ics2->kind == ck_aggr
7448 	  || ics2->kind == ck_list
7449 	  || ics2->kind == ck_identity)
7450 	/* At this point, ICS1 cannot be a proper subsequence of
7451 	   ICS2.  We can get a USER_CONV when we are comparing the
7452 	   second standard conversion sequence of two user conversion
7453 	   sequences.  */
7454 	return false;
7455 
7456       ics2 = ics2->u.next;
7457 
7458       if (ics2->kind == ics1->kind
7459 	  && same_type_p (ics2->type, ics1->type)
7460 	  && same_type_p (ics2->u.next->type,
7461 			  ics1->u.next->type))
7462 	return true;
7463     }
7464 }
7465 
7466 /* Returns nonzero iff DERIVED is derived from BASE.  The inputs may
7467    be any _TYPE nodes.  */
7468 
7469 bool
7470 is_properly_derived_from (tree derived, tree base)
7471 {
7472   if (!CLASS_TYPE_P (derived) || !CLASS_TYPE_P (base))
7473     return false;
7474 
7475   /* We only allow proper derivation here.  The DERIVED_FROM_P macro
7476      considers every class derived from itself.  */
7477   return (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (derived, base)
7478 	  && DERIVED_FROM_P (base, derived));
7479 }
7480 
7481 /* We build the ICS for an implicit object parameter as a pointer
7482    conversion sequence.  However, such a sequence should be compared
7483    as if it were a reference conversion sequence.  If ICS is the
7484    implicit conversion sequence for an implicit object parameter,
7485    modify it accordingly.  */
7486 
7487 static void
7488 maybe_handle_implicit_object (conversion **ics)
7489 {
7490   if ((*ics)->this_p)
7491     {
7492       /* [over.match.funcs]
7493 
7494 	 For non-static member functions, the type of the
7495 	 implicit object parameter is "reference to cv X"
7496 	 where X is the class of which the function is a
7497 	 member and cv is the cv-qualification on the member
7498 	 function declaration.  */
7499       conversion *t = *ics;
7500       tree reference_type;
7501 
7502       /* The `this' parameter is a pointer to a class type.  Make the
7503 	 implicit conversion talk about a reference to that same class
7504 	 type.  */
7505       reference_type = TREE_TYPE (t->type);
7506       reference_type = build_reference_type (reference_type);
7507 
7508       if (t->kind == ck_qual)
7509 	t = t->u.next;
7510       if (t->kind == ck_ptr)
7511 	t = t->u.next;
7512       t = build_identity_conv (TREE_TYPE (t->type), NULL_TREE);
7513       t = direct_reference_binding (reference_type, t);
7514       t->this_p = 1;
7515       t->rvaluedness_matches_p = 0;
7516       *ics = t;
7517     }
7518 }
7519 
7520 /* If *ICS is a REF_BIND set *ICS to the remainder of the conversion,
7521    and return the initial reference binding conversion. Otherwise,
7522    leave *ICS unchanged and return NULL.  */
7523 
7524 static conversion *
7525 maybe_handle_ref_bind (conversion **ics)
7526 {
7527   if ((*ics)->kind == ck_ref_bind)
7528     {
7529       conversion *old_ics = *ics;
7530       *ics = old_ics->u.next;
7531       (*ics)->user_conv_p = old_ics->user_conv_p;
7532       return old_ics;
7533     }
7534 
7535   return NULL;
7536 }
7537 
7538 /* Compare two implicit conversion sequences according to the rules set out in
7539    [over.ics.rank].  Return values:
7540 
7541       1: ics1 is better than ics2
7542      -1: ics2 is better than ics1
7543       0: ics1 and ics2 are indistinguishable */
7544 
7545 static int
7546 compare_ics (conversion *ics1, conversion *ics2)
7547 {
7548   tree from_type1;
7549   tree from_type2;
7550   tree to_type1;
7551   tree to_type2;
7552   tree deref_from_type1 = NULL_TREE;
7553   tree deref_from_type2 = NULL_TREE;
7554   tree deref_to_type1 = NULL_TREE;
7555   tree deref_to_type2 = NULL_TREE;
7556   conversion_rank rank1, rank2;
7557 
7558   /* REF_BINDING is nonzero if the result of the conversion sequence
7559      is a reference type.   In that case REF_CONV is the reference
7560      binding conversion. */
7561   conversion *ref_conv1;
7562   conversion *ref_conv2;
7563 
7564   /* Handle implicit object parameters.  */
7565   maybe_handle_implicit_object (&ics1);
7566   maybe_handle_implicit_object (&ics2);
7567 
7568   /* Handle reference parameters.  */
7569   ref_conv1 = maybe_handle_ref_bind (&ics1);
7570   ref_conv2 = maybe_handle_ref_bind (&ics2);
7571 
7572   /* List-initialization sequence L1 is a better conversion sequence than
7573      list-initialization sequence L2 if L1 converts to
7574      std::initializer_list<X> for some X and L2 does not.  */
7575   if (ics1->kind == ck_list && ics2->kind != ck_list)
7576     return 1;
7577   if (ics2->kind == ck_list && ics1->kind != ck_list)
7578     return -1;
7579 
7580   /* [over.ics.rank]
7581 
7582      When  comparing  the  basic forms of implicit conversion sequences (as
7583      defined in _over.best.ics_)
7584 
7585      --a standard conversion sequence (_over.ics.scs_) is a better
7586        conversion sequence than a user-defined conversion sequence
7587        or an ellipsis conversion sequence, and
7588 
7589      --a user-defined conversion sequence (_over.ics.user_) is a
7590        better conversion sequence than an ellipsis conversion sequence
7591        (_over.ics.ellipsis_).  */
7592   rank1 = CONVERSION_RANK (ics1);
7593   rank2 = CONVERSION_RANK (ics2);
7594 
7595   if (rank1 > rank2)
7596     return -1;
7597   else if (rank1 < rank2)
7598     return 1;
7599 
7600   if (rank1 == cr_bad)
7601     {
7602       /* Both ICS are bad.  We try to make a decision based on what would
7603 	 have happened if they'd been good.  This is not an extension,
7604 	 we'll still give an error when we build up the call; this just
7605 	 helps us give a more helpful error message.  */
7606       rank1 = BAD_CONVERSION_RANK (ics1);
7607       rank2 = BAD_CONVERSION_RANK (ics2);
7608 
7609       if (rank1 > rank2)
7610 	return -1;
7611       else if (rank1 < rank2)
7612 	return 1;
7613 
7614       /* We couldn't make up our minds; try to figure it out below.  */
7615     }
7616 
7617   if (ics1->ellipsis_p)
7618     /* Both conversions are ellipsis conversions.  */
7619     return 0;
7620 
7621   /* User-defined  conversion sequence U1 is a better conversion sequence
7622      than another user-defined conversion sequence U2 if they contain the
7623      same user-defined conversion operator or constructor and if the sec-
7624      ond standard conversion sequence of U1 is  better  than  the  second
7625      standard conversion sequence of U2.  */
7626 
7627   /* Handle list-conversion with the same code even though it isn't always
7628      ranked as a user-defined conversion and it doesn't have a second
7629      standard conversion sequence; it will still have the desired effect.
7630      Specifically, we need to do the reference binding comparison at the
7631      end of this function.  */
7632 
7633   if (ics1->user_conv_p || ics1->kind == ck_list || ics1->kind == ck_aggr)
7634     {
7635       conversion *t1;
7636       conversion *t2;
7637 
7638       for (t1 = ics1; t1->kind != ck_user; t1 = t1->u.next)
7639 	if (t1->kind == ck_ambig || t1->kind == ck_aggr
7640 	    || t1->kind == ck_list)
7641 	  break;
7642       for (t2 = ics2; t2->kind != ck_user; t2 = t2->u.next)
7643 	if (t2->kind == ck_ambig || t2->kind == ck_aggr
7644 	    || t2->kind == ck_list)
7645 	  break;
7646 
7647       if (t1->kind != t2->kind)
7648 	return 0;
7649       else if (t1->kind == ck_user)
7650 	{
7651 	  if (t1->cand->fn != t2->cand->fn)
7652 	    return 0;
7653 	}
7654       else
7655 	{
7656 	  /* For ambiguous or aggregate conversions, use the target type as
7657 	     a proxy for the conversion function.  */
7658 	  if (!same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (t1->type, t2->type))
7659 	    return 0;
7660 	}
7661 
7662       /* We can just fall through here, after setting up
7663 	 FROM_TYPE1 and FROM_TYPE2.  */
7664       from_type1 = t1->type;
7665       from_type2 = t2->type;
7666     }
7667   else
7668     {
7669       conversion *t1;
7670       conversion *t2;
7671 
7672       /* We're dealing with two standard conversion sequences.
7673 
7674 	 [over.ics.rank]
7675 
7676 	 Standard conversion sequence S1 is a better conversion
7677 	 sequence than standard conversion sequence S2 if
7678 
7679 	 --S1 is a proper subsequence of S2 (comparing the conversion
7680 	   sequences in the canonical form defined by _over.ics.scs_,
7681 	   excluding any Lvalue Transformation; the identity
7682 	   conversion sequence is considered to be a subsequence of
7683 	   any non-identity conversion sequence */
7684 
7685       t1 = ics1;
7686       while (t1->kind != ck_identity)
7687 	t1 = t1->u.next;
7688       from_type1 = t1->type;
7689 
7690       t2 = ics2;
7691       while (t2->kind != ck_identity)
7692 	t2 = t2->u.next;
7693       from_type2 = t2->type;
7694     }
7695 
7696   /* One sequence can only be a subsequence of the other if they start with
7697      the same type.  They can start with different types when comparing the
7698      second standard conversion sequence in two user-defined conversion
7699      sequences.  */
7700   if (same_type_p (from_type1, from_type2))
7701     {
7702       if (is_subseq (ics1, ics2))
7703 	return 1;
7704       if (is_subseq (ics2, ics1))
7705 	return -1;
7706     }
7707 
7708   /* [over.ics.rank]
7709 
7710      Or, if not that,
7711 
7712      --the rank of S1 is better than the rank of S2 (by the rules
7713        defined below):
7714 
7715     Standard conversion sequences are ordered by their ranks: an Exact
7716     Match is a better conversion than a Promotion, which is a better
7717     conversion than a Conversion.
7718 
7719     Two conversion sequences with the same rank are indistinguishable
7720     unless one of the following rules applies:
7721 
7722     --A conversion that does not a convert a pointer, pointer to member,
7723       or std::nullptr_t to bool is better than one that does.
7724 
7725     The ICS_STD_RANK automatically handles the pointer-to-bool rule,
7726     so that we do not have to check it explicitly.  */
7727   if (ics1->rank < ics2->rank)
7728     return 1;
7729   else if (ics2->rank < ics1->rank)
7730     return -1;
7731 
7732   to_type1 = ics1->type;
7733   to_type2 = ics2->type;
7734 
7735   /* A conversion from scalar arithmetic type to complex is worse than a
7736      conversion between scalar arithmetic types.  */
7737   if (same_type_p (from_type1, from_type2)
7738       && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (from_type1)
7739       && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (to_type1)
7740       && ARITHMETIC_TYPE_P (to_type2)
7741       && ((TREE_CODE (to_type1) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
7742 	  != (TREE_CODE (to_type2) == COMPLEX_TYPE)))
7743     {
7744       if (TREE_CODE (to_type1) == COMPLEX_TYPE)
7745 	return -1;
7746       else
7747 	return 1;
7748     }
7749 
7750   if (TYPE_PTR_P (from_type1)
7751       && TYPE_PTR_P (from_type2)
7752       && TYPE_PTR_P (to_type1)
7753       && TYPE_PTR_P (to_type2))
7754     {
7755       deref_from_type1 = TREE_TYPE (from_type1);
7756       deref_from_type2 = TREE_TYPE (from_type2);
7757       deref_to_type1 = TREE_TYPE (to_type1);
7758       deref_to_type2 = TREE_TYPE (to_type2);
7759     }
7760   /* The rules for pointers to members A::* are just like the rules
7761      for pointers A*, except opposite: if B is derived from A then
7762      A::* converts to B::*, not vice versa.  For that reason, we
7763      switch the from_ and to_ variables here.  */
7764   else if ((TYPE_PTRMEM_P (from_type1) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (from_type2)
7765 	    && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (to_type1) && TYPE_PTRMEM_P (to_type2))
7766 	   || (TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (from_type1)
7767 	       && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (from_type2)
7768 	       && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (to_type1)
7769 	       && TYPE_PTRMEMFUNC_P (to_type2)))
7770     {
7771       deref_to_type1 = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (from_type1);
7772       deref_to_type2 = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (from_type2);
7773       deref_from_type1 = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (to_type1);
7774       deref_from_type2 = TYPE_PTRMEM_CLASS_TYPE (to_type2);
7775     }
7776 
7777   if (deref_from_type1 != NULL_TREE
7778       && RECORD_OR_UNION_CODE_P (TREE_CODE (deref_from_type1))
7779       && RECORD_OR_UNION_CODE_P (TREE_CODE (deref_from_type2)))
7780     {
7781       /* This was one of the pointer or pointer-like conversions.
7782 
7783 	 [over.ics.rank]
7784 
7785 	 --If class B is derived directly or indirectly from class A,
7786 	   conversion of B* to A* is better than conversion of B* to
7787 	   void*, and conversion of A* to void* is better than
7788 	   conversion of B* to void*.  */
7789       if (TREE_CODE (deref_to_type1) == VOID_TYPE
7790 	  && TREE_CODE (deref_to_type2) == VOID_TYPE)
7791 	{
7792 	  if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_from_type1,
7793 					deref_from_type2))
7794 	    return -1;
7795 	  else if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_from_type2,
7796 					     deref_from_type1))
7797 	    return 1;
7798 	}
7799       else if (TREE_CODE (deref_to_type1) == VOID_TYPE
7800 	       || TREE_CODE (deref_to_type2) == VOID_TYPE)
7801 	{
7802 	  if (same_type_p (deref_from_type1, deref_from_type2))
7803 	    {
7804 	      if (TREE_CODE (deref_to_type2) == VOID_TYPE)
7805 		{
7806 		  if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_from_type1,
7807 						deref_to_type1))
7808 		    return 1;
7809 		}
7810 	      /* We know that DEREF_TO_TYPE1 is `void' here.  */
7811 	      else if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_from_type1,
7812 						 deref_to_type2))
7813 		return -1;
7814 	    }
7815 	}
7816       else if (RECORD_OR_UNION_CODE_P (TREE_CODE (deref_to_type1))
7817 	       && RECORD_OR_UNION_CODE_P (TREE_CODE (deref_to_type2)))
7818 	{
7819 	  /* [over.ics.rank]
7820 
7821 	     --If class B is derived directly or indirectly from class A
7822 	       and class C is derived directly or indirectly from B,
7823 
7824 	     --conversion of C* to B* is better than conversion of C* to
7825 	       A*,
7826 
7827 	     --conversion of B* to A* is better than conversion of C* to
7828 	       A*  */
7829 	  if (same_type_p (deref_from_type1, deref_from_type2))
7830 	    {
7831 	      if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_to_type1,
7832 					    deref_to_type2))
7833 		return 1;
7834 	      else if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_to_type2,
7835 						 deref_to_type1))
7836 		return -1;
7837 	    }
7838 	  else if (same_type_p (deref_to_type1, deref_to_type2))
7839 	    {
7840 	      if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_from_type2,
7841 					    deref_from_type1))
7842 		return 1;
7843 	      else if (is_properly_derived_from (deref_from_type1,
7844 						 deref_from_type2))
7845 		return -1;
7846 	    }
7847 	}
7848     }
7849   else if (CLASS_TYPE_P (non_reference (from_type1))
7850 	   && same_type_p (from_type1, from_type2))
7851     {
7852       tree from = non_reference (from_type1);
7853 
7854       /* [over.ics.rank]
7855 
7856 	 --binding of an expression of type C to a reference of type
7857 	   B& is better than binding an expression of type C to a
7858 	   reference of type A&
7859 
7860 	 --conversion of C to B is better than conversion of C to A,  */
7861       if (is_properly_derived_from (from, to_type1)
7862 	  && is_properly_derived_from (from, to_type2))
7863 	{
7864 	  if (is_properly_derived_from (to_type1, to_type2))
7865 	    return 1;
7866 	  else if (is_properly_derived_from (to_type2, to_type1))
7867 	    return -1;
7868 	}
7869     }
7870   else if (CLASS_TYPE_P (non_reference (to_type1))
7871 	   && same_type_p (to_type1, to_type2))
7872     {
7873       tree to = non_reference (to_type1);
7874 
7875       /* [over.ics.rank]
7876 
7877 	 --binding of an expression of type B to a reference of type
7878 	   A& is better than binding an expression of type C to a
7879 	   reference of type A&,
7880 
7881 	 --conversion of B to A is better than conversion of C to A  */
7882       if (is_properly_derived_from (from_type1, to)
7883 	  && is_properly_derived_from (from_type2, to))
7884 	{
7885 	  if (is_properly_derived_from (from_type2, from_type1))
7886 	    return 1;
7887 	  else if (is_properly_derived_from (from_type1, from_type2))
7888 	    return -1;
7889 	}
7890     }
7891 
7892   /* [over.ics.rank]
7893 
7894      --S1 and S2 differ only in their qualification conversion and  yield
7895        similar  types  T1 and T2 (_conv.qual_), respectively, and the cv-
7896        qualification signature of type T1 is a proper subset of  the  cv-
7897        qualification signature of type T2  */
7898   if (ics1->kind == ck_qual
7899       && ics2->kind == ck_qual
7900       && same_type_p (from_type1, from_type2))
7901     {
7902       int result = comp_cv_qual_signature (to_type1, to_type2);
7903       if (result != 0)
7904 	return result;
7905     }
7906 
7907   /* [over.ics.rank]
7908 
7909      --S1 and S2 are reference bindings (_dcl.init.ref_) and neither refers
7910      to an implicit object parameter, and either S1 binds an lvalue reference
7911      to an lvalue and S2 binds an rvalue reference or S1 binds an rvalue
7912      reference to an rvalue and S2 binds an lvalue reference
7913      (C++0x draft standard, 13.3.3.2)
7914 
7915      --S1 and S2 are reference bindings (_dcl.init.ref_), and the
7916      types to which the references refer are the same type except for
7917      top-level cv-qualifiers, and the type to which the reference
7918      initialized by S2 refers is more cv-qualified than the type to
7919      which the reference initialized by S1 refers.
7920 
7921      DR 1328 [over.match.best]: the context is an initialization by
7922      conversion function for direct reference binding (13.3.1.6) of a
7923      reference to function type, the return type of F1 is the same kind of
7924      reference (i.e. lvalue or rvalue) as the reference being initialized,
7925      and the return type of F2 is not.  */
7926 
7927   if (ref_conv1 && ref_conv2)
7928     {
7929       if (!ref_conv1->this_p && !ref_conv2->this_p
7930 	  && (ref_conv1->rvaluedness_matches_p
7931 	      != ref_conv2->rvaluedness_matches_p)
7932 	  && (same_type_p (ref_conv1->type, ref_conv2->type)
7933 	      || (TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (ref_conv1->type)
7934 		  != TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (ref_conv2->type))))
7935 	{
7936 	  return (ref_conv1->rvaluedness_matches_p
7937 		  - ref_conv2->rvaluedness_matches_p);
7938 	}
7939 
7940       if (same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (to_type1, to_type2))
7941 	return comp_cv_qualification (TREE_TYPE (ref_conv2->type),
7942 				      TREE_TYPE (ref_conv1->type));
7943     }
7944 
7945   /* Neither conversion sequence is better than the other.  */
7946   return 0;
7947 }
7948 
7949 /* The source type for this standard conversion sequence.  */
7950 
7951 static tree
7952 source_type (conversion *t)
7953 {
7954   for (;; t = t->u.next)
7955     {
7956       if (t->kind == ck_user
7957 	  || t->kind == ck_ambig
7958 	  || t->kind == ck_identity)
7959 	return t->type;
7960     }
7961   gcc_unreachable ();
7962 }
7963 
7964 /* Note a warning about preferring WINNER to LOSER.  We do this by storing
7965    a pointer to LOSER and re-running joust to produce the warning if WINNER
7966    is actually used.  */
7967 
7968 static void
7969 add_warning (struct z_candidate *winner, struct z_candidate *loser)
7970 {
7971   candidate_warning *cw = (candidate_warning *)
7972     conversion_obstack_alloc (sizeof (candidate_warning));
7973   cw->loser = loser;
7974   cw->next = winner->warnings;
7975   winner->warnings = cw;
7976 }
7977 
7978 /* Compare two candidates for overloading as described in
7979    [over.match.best].  Return values:
7980 
7981       1: cand1 is better than cand2
7982      -1: cand2 is better than cand1
7983       0: cand1 and cand2 are indistinguishable */
7984 
7985 static int
7986 joust (struct z_candidate *cand1, struct z_candidate *cand2, bool warn)
7987 {
7988   int winner = 0;
7989   int off1 = 0, off2 = 0;
7990   size_t i;
7991   size_t len;
7992 
7993   /* Candidates that involve bad conversions are always worse than those
7994      that don't.  */
7995   if (cand1->viable > cand2->viable)
7996     return 1;
7997   if (cand1->viable < cand2->viable)
7998     return -1;
7999 
8000   /* If we have two pseudo-candidates for conversions to the same type,
8001      or two candidates for the same function, arbitrarily pick one.  */
8002   if (cand1->fn == cand2->fn
8003       && (IS_TYPE_OR_DECL_P (cand1->fn)))
8004     return 1;
8005 
8006   /* a viable function F1
8007      is defined to be a better function than another viable function F2  if
8008      for  all arguments i, ICSi(F1) is not a worse conversion sequence than
8009      ICSi(F2), and then */
8010 
8011   /* for some argument j, ICSj(F1) is a better conversion  sequence  than
8012      ICSj(F2) */
8013 
8014   /* For comparing static and non-static member functions, we ignore
8015      the implicit object parameter of the non-static function.  The
8016      standard says to pretend that the static function has an object
8017      parm, but that won't work with operator overloading.  */
8018   len = cand1->num_convs;
8019   if (len != cand2->num_convs)
8020     {
8021       int static_1 = DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (cand1->fn);
8022       int static_2 = DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (cand2->fn);
8023 
8024       if (DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (cand1->fn)
8025 	  && is_list_ctor (cand1->fn) != is_list_ctor (cand2->fn))
8026 	/* We're comparing a near-match list constructor and a near-match
8027 	   non-list constructor.  Just treat them as unordered.  */
8028 	return 0;
8029 
8030       gcc_assert (static_1 != static_2);
8031 
8032       if (static_1)
8033 	off2 = 1;
8034       else
8035 	{
8036 	  off1 = 1;
8037 	  --len;
8038 	}
8039     }
8040 
8041   for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
8042     {
8043       conversion *t1 = cand1->convs[i + off1];
8044       conversion *t2 = cand2->convs[i + off2];
8045       int comp = compare_ics (t1, t2);
8046 
8047       if (comp != 0)
8048 	{
8049 	  if (warn_sign_promo
8050 	      && (CONVERSION_RANK (t1) + CONVERSION_RANK (t2)
8051 		  == cr_std + cr_promotion)
8052 	      && t1->kind == ck_std
8053 	      && t2->kind == ck_std
8054 	      && TREE_CODE (t1->type) == INTEGER_TYPE
8055 	      && TREE_CODE (t2->type) == INTEGER_TYPE
8056 	      && (TYPE_PRECISION (t1->type)
8057 		  == TYPE_PRECISION (t2->type))
8058 	      && (TYPE_UNSIGNED (t1->u.next->type)
8059 		  || (TREE_CODE (t1->u.next->type)
8060 		      == ENUMERAL_TYPE)))
8061 	    {
8062 	      tree type = t1->u.next->type;
8063 	      tree type1, type2;
8064 	      struct z_candidate *w, *l;
8065 	      if (comp > 0)
8066 		type1 = t1->type, type2 = t2->type,
8067 		  w = cand1, l = cand2;
8068 	      else
8069 		type1 = t2->type, type2 = t1->type,
8070 		  w = cand2, l = cand1;
8071 
8072 	      if (warn)
8073 		{
8074 		  warning (OPT_Wsign_promo, "passing %qT chooses %qT over %qT",
8075 			   type, type1, type2);
8076 		  warning (OPT_Wsign_promo, "  in call to %qD", w->fn);
8077 		}
8078 	      else
8079 		add_warning (w, l);
8080 	    }
8081 
8082 	  if (winner && comp != winner)
8083 	    {
8084 	      winner = 0;
8085 	      goto tweak;
8086 	    }
8087 	  winner = comp;
8088 	}
8089     }
8090 
8091   /* warn about confusing overload resolution for user-defined conversions,
8092      either between a constructor and a conversion op, or between two
8093      conversion ops.  */
8094   if (winner && warn_conversion && cand1->second_conv
8095       && (!DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (cand1->fn) || !DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (cand2->fn))
8096       && winner != compare_ics (cand1->second_conv, cand2->second_conv))
8097     {
8098       struct z_candidate *w, *l;
8099       bool give_warning = false;
8100 
8101       if (winner == 1)
8102 	w = cand1, l = cand2;
8103       else
8104 	w = cand2, l = cand1;
8105 
8106       /* We don't want to complain about `X::operator T1 ()'
8107 	 beating `X::operator T2 () const', when T2 is a no less
8108 	 cv-qualified version of T1.  */
8109       if (DECL_CONTEXT (w->fn) == DECL_CONTEXT (l->fn)
8110 	  && !DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (w->fn) && !DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (l->fn))
8111 	{
8112 	  tree t = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (l->fn));
8113 	  tree f = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (w->fn));
8114 
8115 	  if (TREE_CODE (t) == TREE_CODE (f) && POINTER_TYPE_P (t))
8116 	    {
8117 	      t = TREE_TYPE (t);
8118 	      f = TREE_TYPE (f);
8119 	    }
8120 	  if (!comp_ptr_ttypes (t, f))
8121 	    give_warning = true;
8122 	}
8123       else
8124 	give_warning = true;
8125 
8126       if (!give_warning)
8127 	/*NOP*/;
8128       else if (warn)
8129 	{
8130 	  tree source = source_type (w->convs[0]);
8131 	  if (! DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (w->fn))
8132 	    source = TREE_TYPE (source);
8133 	  if (warning (OPT_Wconversion, "choosing %qD over %qD", w->fn, l->fn)
8134 	      && warning (OPT_Wconversion, "  for conversion from %qT to %qT",
8135 			  source, w->second_conv->type))
8136 	    {
8137 	      inform (input_location, "  because conversion sequence for the argument is better");
8138 	    }
8139 	}
8140       else
8141 	add_warning (w, l);
8142     }
8143 
8144   if (winner)
8145     return winner;
8146 
8147   /* DR 495 moved this tiebreaker above the template ones.  */
8148   /* or, if not that,
8149      the  context  is  an  initialization by user-defined conversion (see
8150      _dcl.init_  and  _over.match.user_)  and  the  standard   conversion
8151      sequence  from  the return type of F1 to the destination type (i.e.,
8152      the type of the entity being initialized)  is  a  better  conversion
8153      sequence  than the standard conversion sequence from the return type
8154      of F2 to the destination type.  */
8155 
8156   if (cand1->second_conv)
8157     {
8158       winner = compare_ics (cand1->second_conv, cand2->second_conv);
8159       if (winner)
8160 	return winner;
8161     }
8162 
8163   /* or, if not that,
8164      F1 is a non-template function and F2 is a template function
8165      specialization.  */
8166 
8167   if (!cand1->template_decl && cand2->template_decl)
8168     return 1;
8169   else if (cand1->template_decl && !cand2->template_decl)
8170     return -1;
8171 
8172   /* or, if not that,
8173      F1 and F2 are template functions and the function template for F1 is
8174      more specialized than the template for F2 according to the partial
8175      ordering rules.  */
8176 
8177   if (cand1->template_decl && cand2->template_decl)
8178     {
8179       winner = more_specialized_fn
8180 	(TI_TEMPLATE (cand1->template_decl),
8181 	 TI_TEMPLATE (cand2->template_decl),
8182 	 /* [temp.func.order]: The presence of unused ellipsis and default
8183 	    arguments has no effect on the partial ordering of function
8184 	    templates.   add_function_candidate() will not have
8185 	    counted the "this" argument for constructors.  */
8186 	 cand1->num_convs + DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (cand1->fn));
8187       if (winner)
8188 	return winner;
8189     }
8190 
8191   /* Check whether we can discard a builtin candidate, either because we
8192      have two identical ones or matching builtin and non-builtin candidates.
8193 
8194      (Pedantically in the latter case the builtin which matched the user
8195      function should not be added to the overload set, but we spot it here.
8196 
8197      [over.match.oper]
8198      ... the builtin candidates include ...
8199      - do not have the same parameter type list as any non-template
8200        non-member candidate.  */
8201 
8202   if (TREE_CODE (cand1->fn) == IDENTIFIER_NODE
8203       || TREE_CODE (cand2->fn) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
8204     {
8205       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
8206 	if (!same_type_p (cand1->convs[i]->type,
8207 			  cand2->convs[i]->type))
8208 	  break;
8209       if (i == cand1->num_convs)
8210 	{
8211 	  if (cand1->fn == cand2->fn)
8212 	    /* Two built-in candidates; arbitrarily pick one.  */
8213 	    return 1;
8214 	  else if (TREE_CODE (cand1->fn) == IDENTIFIER_NODE)
8215 	    /* cand1 is built-in; prefer cand2.  */
8216 	    return -1;
8217 	  else
8218 	    /* cand2 is built-in; prefer cand1.  */
8219 	    return 1;
8220 	}
8221     }
8222 
8223   /* If the two function declarations represent the same function (this can
8224      happen with declarations in multiple scopes and arg-dependent lookup),
8225      arbitrarily choose one.  But first make sure the default args we're
8226      using match.  */
8227   if (DECL_P (cand1->fn) && DECL_P (cand2->fn)
8228       && equal_functions (cand1->fn, cand2->fn))
8229     {
8230       tree parms1 = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (cand1->fn));
8231       tree parms2 = TYPE_ARG_TYPES (TREE_TYPE (cand2->fn));
8232 
8233       gcc_assert (!DECL_CONSTRUCTOR_P (cand1->fn));
8234 
8235       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
8236 	{
8237 	  /* Don't crash if the fn is variadic.  */
8238 	  if (!parms1)
8239 	    break;
8240 	  parms1 = TREE_CHAIN (parms1);
8241 	  parms2 = TREE_CHAIN (parms2);
8242 	}
8243 
8244       if (off1)
8245 	parms1 = TREE_CHAIN (parms1);
8246       else if (off2)
8247 	parms2 = TREE_CHAIN (parms2);
8248 
8249       for (; parms1; ++i)
8250 	{
8251 	  if (!cp_tree_equal (TREE_PURPOSE (parms1),
8252 			      TREE_PURPOSE (parms2)))
8253 	    {
8254 	      if (warn)
8255 		{
8256 		  permerror (input_location, "default argument mismatch in "
8257 			     "overload resolution");
8258 		  inform (input_location,
8259 			  " candidate 1: %q+#F", cand1->fn);
8260 		  inform (input_location,
8261 			  " candidate 2: %q+#F", cand2->fn);
8262 		}
8263 	      else
8264 		add_warning (cand1, cand2);
8265 	      break;
8266 	    }
8267 	  parms1 = TREE_CHAIN (parms1);
8268 	  parms2 = TREE_CHAIN (parms2);
8269 	}
8270 
8271       return 1;
8272     }
8273 
8274 tweak:
8275 
8276   /* Extension: If the worst conversion for one candidate is worse than the
8277      worst conversion for the other, take the first.  */
8278   if (!pedantic)
8279     {
8280       conversion_rank rank1 = cr_identity, rank2 = cr_identity;
8281       struct z_candidate *w = 0, *l = 0;
8282 
8283       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
8284 	{
8285 	  if (CONVERSION_RANK (cand1->convs[i+off1]) > rank1)
8286 	    rank1 = CONVERSION_RANK (cand1->convs[i+off1]);
8287 	  if (CONVERSION_RANK (cand2->convs[i + off2]) > rank2)
8288 	    rank2 = CONVERSION_RANK (cand2->convs[i + off2]);
8289 	}
8290       if (rank1 < rank2)
8291 	winner = 1, w = cand1, l = cand2;
8292       if (rank1 > rank2)
8293 	winner = -1, w = cand2, l = cand1;
8294       if (winner)
8295 	{
8296 	  /* Don't choose a deleted function over ambiguity.  */
8297 	  if (DECL_P (w->fn) && DECL_DELETED_FN (w->fn))
8298 	    return 0;
8299 	  if (warn)
8300 	    {
8301 	      pedwarn (input_location, 0,
8302 	      "ISO C++ says that these are ambiguous, even "
8303 	      "though the worst conversion for the first is better than "
8304 	      "the worst conversion for the second:");
8305 	      print_z_candidate (_("candidate 1:"), w);
8306 	      print_z_candidate (_("candidate 2:"), l);
8307 	    }
8308 	  else
8309 	    add_warning (w, l);
8310 	  return winner;
8311 	}
8312     }
8313 
8314   gcc_assert (!winner);
8315   return 0;
8316 }
8317 
8318 /* Given a list of candidates for overloading, find the best one, if any.
8319    This algorithm has a worst case of O(2n) (winner is last), and a best
8320    case of O(n/2) (totally ambiguous); much better than a sorting
8321    algorithm.  */
8322 
8323 static struct z_candidate *
8324 tourney (struct z_candidate *candidates)
8325 {
8326   struct z_candidate *champ = candidates, *challenger;
8327   int fate;
8328   int champ_compared_to_predecessor = 0;
8329 
8330   /* Walk through the list once, comparing each current champ to the next
8331      candidate, knocking out a candidate or two with each comparison.  */
8332 
8333   for (challenger = champ->next; challenger; )
8334     {
8335       fate = joust (champ, challenger, 0);
8336       if (fate == 1)
8337 	challenger = challenger->next;
8338       else
8339 	{
8340 	  if (fate == 0)
8341 	    {
8342 	      champ = challenger->next;
8343 	      if (champ == 0)
8344 		return NULL;
8345 	      champ_compared_to_predecessor = 0;
8346 	    }
8347 	  else
8348 	    {
8349 	      champ = challenger;
8350 	      champ_compared_to_predecessor = 1;
8351 	    }
8352 
8353 	  challenger = champ->next;
8354 	}
8355     }
8356 
8357   /* Make sure the champ is better than all the candidates it hasn't yet
8358      been compared to.  */
8359 
8360   for (challenger = candidates;
8361        challenger != champ
8362 	 && !(champ_compared_to_predecessor && challenger->next == champ);
8363        challenger = challenger->next)
8364     {
8365       fate = joust (champ, challenger, 0);
8366       if (fate != 1)
8367 	return NULL;
8368     }
8369 
8370   return champ;
8371 }
8372 
8373 /* Returns nonzero if things of type FROM can be converted to TO.  */
8374 
8375 bool
8376 can_convert (tree to, tree from)
8377 {
8378   return can_convert_arg (to, from, NULL_TREE, LOOKUP_IMPLICIT);
8379 }
8380 
8381 /* Returns nonzero if ARG (of type FROM) can be converted to TO.  */
8382 
8383 bool
8384 can_convert_arg (tree to, tree from, tree arg, int flags)
8385 {
8386   conversion *t;
8387   void *p;
8388   bool ok_p;
8389 
8390   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
8391   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
8392 
8393   t  = implicit_conversion (to, from, arg, /*c_cast_p=*/false,
8394 			    flags);
8395   ok_p = (t && !t->bad_p);
8396 
8397   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
8398   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
8399 
8400   return ok_p;
8401 }
8402 
8403 /* Like can_convert_arg, but allows dubious conversions as well.  */
8404 
8405 bool
8406 can_convert_arg_bad (tree to, tree from, tree arg, int flags)
8407 {
8408   conversion *t;
8409   void *p;
8410 
8411   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
8412   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
8413   /* Try to perform the conversion.  */
8414   t  = implicit_conversion (to, from, arg, /*c_cast_p=*/false,
8415 			    flags);
8416   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
8417   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
8418 
8419   return t != NULL;
8420 }
8421 
8422 /* Convert EXPR to TYPE.  Return the converted expression.
8423 
8424    Note that we allow bad conversions here because by the time we get to
8425    this point we are committed to doing the conversion.  If we end up
8426    doing a bad conversion, convert_like will complain.  */
8427 
8428 tree
8429 perform_implicit_conversion_flags (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain, int flags)
8430 {
8431   conversion *conv;
8432   void *p;
8433 
8434   if (error_operand_p (expr))
8435     return error_mark_node;
8436 
8437   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
8438   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
8439 
8440   conv = implicit_conversion (type, TREE_TYPE (expr), expr,
8441 			      /*c_cast_p=*/false,
8442 			      flags);
8443 
8444   if (!conv)
8445     {
8446       if (complain & tf_error)
8447 	{
8448 	  /* If expr has unknown type, then it is an overloaded function.
8449 	     Call instantiate_type to get good error messages.  */
8450 	  if (TREE_TYPE (expr) == unknown_type_node)
8451 	    instantiate_type (type, expr, complain);
8452 	  else if (invalid_nonstatic_memfn_p (expr, complain))
8453 	    /* We gave an error.  */;
8454 	  else
8455 	    error ("could not convert %qE from %qT to %qT", expr,
8456 		   TREE_TYPE (expr), type);
8457 	}
8458       expr = error_mark_node;
8459     }
8460   else if (processing_template_decl && conv->kind != ck_identity)
8461     {
8462       /* In a template, we are only concerned about determining the
8463 	 type of non-dependent expressions, so we do not have to
8464 	 perform the actual conversion.  But for initializers, we
8465 	 need to be able to perform it at instantiation
8466 	 (or fold_non_dependent_expr) time.  */
8467       expr = build1 (IMPLICIT_CONV_EXPR, type, expr);
8468       if (!(flags & LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING))
8469 	IMPLICIT_CONV_EXPR_DIRECT_INIT (expr) = true;
8470     }
8471   else
8472     expr = convert_like (conv, expr, complain);
8473 
8474   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
8475   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
8476 
8477   return expr;
8478 }
8479 
8480 tree
8481 perform_implicit_conversion (tree type, tree expr, tsubst_flags_t complain)
8482 {
8483   return perform_implicit_conversion_flags (type, expr, complain, LOOKUP_IMPLICIT);
8484 }
8485 
8486 /* Convert EXPR to TYPE (as a direct-initialization) if that is
8487    permitted.  If the conversion is valid, the converted expression is
8488    returned.  Otherwise, NULL_TREE is returned, except in the case
8489    that TYPE is a class type; in that case, an error is issued.  If
8490    C_CAST_P is true, then this direct-initialization is taking
8491    place as part of a static_cast being attempted as part of a C-style
8492    cast.  */
8493 
8494 tree
8495 perform_direct_initialization_if_possible (tree type,
8496 					   tree expr,
8497 					   bool c_cast_p,
8498                                            tsubst_flags_t complain)
8499 {
8500   conversion *conv;
8501   void *p;
8502 
8503   if (type == error_mark_node || error_operand_p (expr))
8504     return error_mark_node;
8505   /* [dcl.init]
8506 
8507      If the destination type is a (possibly cv-qualified) class type:
8508 
8509      -- If the initialization is direct-initialization ...,
8510      constructors are considered. ... If no constructor applies, or
8511      the overload resolution is ambiguous, the initialization is
8512      ill-formed.  */
8513   if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
8514     {
8515       VEC(tree,gc) *args = make_tree_vector_single (expr);
8516       expr = build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE, complete_ctor_identifier,
8517 					&args, type, LOOKUP_NORMAL, complain);
8518       release_tree_vector (args);
8519       return build_cplus_new (type, expr, complain);
8520     }
8521 
8522   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
8523   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
8524 
8525   conv = implicit_conversion (type, TREE_TYPE (expr), expr,
8526 			      c_cast_p,
8527 			      LOOKUP_NORMAL);
8528   if (!conv || conv->bad_p)
8529     expr = NULL_TREE;
8530   else
8531     expr = convert_like_real (conv, expr, NULL_TREE, 0, 0,
8532 			      /*issue_conversion_warnings=*/false,
8533 			      c_cast_p,
8534 			      complain);
8535 
8536   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
8537   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
8538 
8539   return expr;
8540 }
8541 
8542 /* When initializing a reference that lasts longer than a full-expression,
8543    this special rule applies:
8544 
8545      [class.temporary]
8546 
8547      The temporary to which the reference is bound or the temporary
8548      that is the complete object to which the reference is bound
8549      persists for the lifetime of the reference.
8550 
8551      The temporaries created during the evaluation of the expression
8552      initializing the reference, except the temporary to which the
8553      reference is bound, are destroyed at the end of the
8554      full-expression in which they are created.
8555 
8556    In that case, we store the converted expression into a new
8557    VAR_DECL in a new scope.
8558 
8559    However, we want to be careful not to create temporaries when
8560    they are not required.  For example, given:
8561 
8562      struct B {};
8563      struct D : public B {};
8564      D f();
8565      const B& b = f();
8566 
8567    there is no need to copy the return value from "f"; we can just
8568    extend its lifetime.  Similarly, given:
8569 
8570      struct S {};
8571      struct T { operator S(); };
8572      T t;
8573      const S& s = t;
8574 
8575   we can extend the lifetime of the return value of the conversion
8576   operator.
8577 
8578   The next several functions are involved in this lifetime extension.  */
8579 
8580 /* DECL is a VAR_DECL whose type is a REFERENCE_TYPE.  The reference
8581    is being bound to a temporary.  Create and return a new VAR_DECL
8582    with the indicated TYPE; this variable will store the value to
8583    which the reference is bound.  */
8584 
8585 tree
8586 make_temporary_var_for_ref_to_temp (tree decl, tree type)
8587 {
8588   tree var;
8589 
8590   /* Create the variable.  */
8591   var = create_temporary_var (type);
8592 
8593   /* Register the variable.  */
8594   if (TREE_STATIC (decl))
8595     {
8596       /* Namespace-scope or local static; give it a mangled name.  */
8597       /* FIXME share comdat with decl?  */
8598       tree name;
8599 
8600       TREE_STATIC (var) = 1;
8601       name = mangle_ref_init_variable (decl);
8602       DECL_NAME (var) = name;
8603       SET_DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (var, name);
8604       var = pushdecl_top_level (var);
8605     }
8606   else
8607     /* Create a new cleanup level if necessary.  */
8608     maybe_push_cleanup_level (type);
8609 
8610   return var;
8611 }
8612 
8613 /* EXPR is the initializer for a variable DECL of reference or
8614    std::initializer_list type.  Create, push and return a new VAR_DECL
8615    for the initializer so that it will live as long as DECL.  Any
8616    cleanup for the new variable is returned through CLEANUP, and the
8617    code to initialize the new variable is returned through INITP.  */
8618 
8619 static tree
8620 set_up_extended_ref_temp (tree decl, tree expr, VEC(tree,gc) **cleanups,
8621 			  tree *initp)
8622 {
8623   tree init;
8624   tree type;
8625   tree var;
8626 
8627   /* Create the temporary variable.  */
8628   type = TREE_TYPE (expr);
8629   var = make_temporary_var_for_ref_to_temp (decl, type);
8630   layout_decl (var, 0);
8631   /* If the rvalue is the result of a function call it will be
8632      a TARGET_EXPR.  If it is some other construct (such as a
8633      member access expression where the underlying object is
8634      itself the result of a function call), turn it into a
8635      TARGET_EXPR here.  It is important that EXPR be a
8636      TARGET_EXPR below since otherwise the INIT_EXPR will
8637      attempt to make a bitwise copy of EXPR to initialize
8638      VAR.  */
8639   if (TREE_CODE (expr) != TARGET_EXPR)
8640     expr = get_target_expr (expr);
8641 
8642   if (TREE_CODE (decl) == FIELD_DECL
8643       && extra_warnings && !TREE_NO_WARNING (decl))
8644     {
8645       warning (OPT_Wextra, "a temporary bound to %qD only persists "
8646 	       "until the constructor exits", decl);
8647       TREE_NO_WARNING (decl) = true;
8648     }
8649 
8650   /* Recursively extend temps in this initializer.  */
8651   TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (expr)
8652     = extend_ref_init_temps (decl, TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (expr), cleanups);
8653 
8654   /* If the initializer is constant, put it in DECL_INITIAL so we get
8655      static initialization and use in constant expressions.  */
8656   init = maybe_constant_init (expr);
8657   if (TREE_CONSTANT (init))
8658     {
8659       if (literal_type_p (type) && CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (type))
8660 	{
8661 	  /* 5.19 says that a constant expression can include an
8662 	     lvalue-rvalue conversion applied to "a glvalue of literal type
8663 	     that refers to a non-volatile temporary object initialized
8664 	     with a constant expression".  Rather than try to communicate
8665 	     that this VAR_DECL is a temporary, just mark it constexpr.
8666 
8667 	     Currently this is only useful for initializer_list temporaries,
8668 	     since reference vars can't appear in constant expressions.  */
8669 	  DECL_DECLARED_CONSTEXPR_P (var) = true;
8670 	  DECL_INITIALIZED_BY_CONSTANT_EXPRESSION_P (var) = true;
8671 	  TREE_CONSTANT (var) = true;
8672 	}
8673       DECL_INITIAL (var) = init;
8674       init = NULL_TREE;
8675     }
8676   else
8677     /* Create the INIT_EXPR that will initialize the temporary
8678        variable.  */
8679     init = build2 (INIT_EXPR, type, var, expr);
8680   if (at_function_scope_p ())
8681     {
8682       add_decl_expr (var);
8683 
8684       if (TREE_STATIC (var))
8685 	init = add_stmt_to_compound (init, register_dtor_fn (var));
8686       else
8687 	{
8688 	  tree cleanup = cxx_maybe_build_cleanup (var, tf_warning_or_error);
8689 	  if (cleanup)
8690 	    VEC_safe_push (tree, gc, *cleanups, cleanup);
8691 	}
8692 
8693       /* We must be careful to destroy the temporary only
8694 	 after its initialization has taken place.  If the
8695 	 initialization throws an exception, then the
8696 	 destructor should not be run.  We cannot simply
8697 	 transform INIT into something like:
8698 
8699 	 (INIT, ({ CLEANUP_STMT; }))
8700 
8701 	 because emit_local_var always treats the
8702 	 initializer as a full-expression.  Thus, the
8703 	 destructor would run too early; it would run at the
8704 	 end of initializing the reference variable, rather
8705 	 than at the end of the block enclosing the
8706 	 reference variable.
8707 
8708 	 The solution is to pass back a cleanup expression
8709 	 which the caller is responsible for attaching to
8710 	 the statement tree.  */
8711     }
8712   else
8713     {
8714       rest_of_decl_compilation (var, /*toplev=*/1, at_eof);
8715       if (TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type))
8716 	static_aggregates = tree_cons (NULL_TREE, var,
8717 				       static_aggregates);
8718     }
8719 
8720   *initp = init;
8721   return var;
8722 }
8723 
8724 /* Convert EXPR to the indicated reference TYPE, in a way suitable for
8725    initializing a variable of that TYPE.  */
8726 
8727 tree
8728 initialize_reference (tree type, tree expr,
8729 		      int flags, tsubst_flags_t complain)
8730 {
8731   conversion *conv;
8732   void *p;
8733 
8734   if (type == error_mark_node || error_operand_p (expr))
8735     return error_mark_node;
8736 
8737   /* Get the high-water mark for the CONVERSION_OBSTACK.  */
8738   p = conversion_obstack_alloc (0);
8739 
8740   conv = reference_binding (type, TREE_TYPE (expr), expr, /*c_cast_p=*/false,
8741 			    flags);
8742   if (!conv || conv->bad_p)
8743     {
8744       if (complain & tf_error)
8745 	{
8746 	  if (conv)
8747 	    convert_like (conv, expr, complain);
8748 	  else if (!CP_TYPE_CONST_P (TREE_TYPE (type))
8749 		   && !TYPE_REF_IS_RVALUE (type)
8750 		   && !real_lvalue_p (expr))
8751 	    error ("invalid initialization of non-const reference of "
8752 		   "type %qT from an rvalue of type %qT",
8753 		   type, TREE_TYPE (expr));
8754 	  else
8755 	    error ("invalid initialization of reference of type "
8756 		   "%qT from expression of type %qT", type,
8757 		   TREE_TYPE (expr));
8758 	}
8759       return error_mark_node;
8760     }
8761 
8762   gcc_assert (conv->kind == ck_ref_bind);
8763 
8764   /* Perform the conversion.  */
8765   expr = convert_like (conv, expr, complain);
8766 
8767   /* Free all the conversions we allocated.  */
8768   obstack_free (&conversion_obstack, p);
8769 
8770   return expr;
8771 }
8772 
8773 /* Subroutine of extend_ref_init_temps.  Possibly extend one initializer,
8774    which is bound either to a reference or a std::initializer_list.  */
8775 
8776 static tree
8777 extend_ref_init_temps_1 (tree decl, tree init, VEC(tree,gc) **cleanups)
8778 {
8779   tree sub = init;
8780   tree *p;
8781   STRIP_NOPS (sub);
8782   if (TREE_CODE (sub) == COMPOUND_EXPR)
8783     {
8784       TREE_OPERAND (sub, 1)
8785         = extend_ref_init_temps_1 (decl, TREE_OPERAND (sub, 1), cleanups);
8786       return init;
8787     }
8788   if (TREE_CODE (sub) != ADDR_EXPR)
8789     return init;
8790   /* Deal with binding to a subobject.  */
8791   for (p = &TREE_OPERAND (sub, 0); TREE_CODE (*p) == COMPONENT_REF; )
8792     p = &TREE_OPERAND (*p, 0);
8793   if (TREE_CODE (*p) == TARGET_EXPR)
8794     {
8795       tree subinit = NULL_TREE;
8796       *p = set_up_extended_ref_temp (decl, *p, cleanups, &subinit);
8797       if (subinit)
8798 	init = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (init), subinit, init);
8799     }
8800   return init;
8801 }
8802 
8803 /* INIT is part of the initializer for DECL.  If there are any
8804    reference or initializer lists being initialized, extend their
8805    lifetime to match that of DECL.  */
8806 
8807 tree
8808 extend_ref_init_temps (tree decl, tree init, VEC(tree,gc) **cleanups)
8809 {
8810   tree type = TREE_TYPE (init);
8811   if (processing_template_decl)
8812     return init;
8813   if (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
8814     init = extend_ref_init_temps_1 (decl, init, cleanups);
8815   else if (is_std_init_list (type))
8816     {
8817       /* The temporary array underlying a std::initializer_list
8818 	 is handled like a reference temporary.  */
8819       tree ctor = init;
8820       if (TREE_CODE (ctor) == TARGET_EXPR)
8821 	ctor = TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (ctor);
8822       if (TREE_CODE (ctor) == CONSTRUCTOR)
8823 	{
8824 	  tree array = CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (ctor, 0)->value;
8825 	  array = extend_ref_init_temps_1 (decl, array, cleanups);
8826 	  CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (ctor, 0)->value = array;
8827 	}
8828     }
8829   else if (TREE_CODE (init) == CONSTRUCTOR)
8830     {
8831       unsigned i;
8832       constructor_elt *p;
8833       VEC(constructor_elt,gc) *elts = CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (init);
8834       FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (constructor_elt, elts, i, p)
8835 	p->value = extend_ref_init_temps (decl, p->value, cleanups);
8836     }
8837 
8838   return init;
8839 }
8840 
8841 /* Returns true iff an initializer for TYPE could contain temporaries that
8842    need to be extended because they are bound to references or
8843    std::initializer_list.  */
8844 
8845 bool
8846 type_has_extended_temps (tree type)
8847 {
8848   type = strip_array_types (type);
8849   if (TREE_CODE (type) == REFERENCE_TYPE)
8850     return true;
8851   if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type))
8852     {
8853       tree f;
8854       if (is_std_init_list (type))
8855 	return true;
8856       for (f = next_initializable_field (TYPE_FIELDS (type));
8857 	   f; f = next_initializable_field (DECL_CHAIN (f)))
8858 	if (type_has_extended_temps (TREE_TYPE (f)))
8859 	  return true;
8860     }
8861   return false;
8862 }
8863 
8864 /* Returns true iff TYPE is some variant of std::initializer_list.  */
8865 
8866 bool
8867 is_std_init_list (tree type)
8868 {
8869   /* Look through typedefs.  */
8870   if (!TYPE_P (type))
8871     return false;
8872   type = TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type);
8873   return (CLASS_TYPE_P (type)
8874 	  && CP_TYPE_CONTEXT (type) == std_node
8875 	  && strcmp (TYPE_NAME_STRING (type), "initializer_list") == 0);
8876 }
8877 
8878 /* Returns true iff DECL is a list constructor: i.e. a constructor which
8879    will accept an argument list of a single std::initializer_list<T>.  */
8880 
8881 bool
8882 is_list_ctor (tree decl)
8883 {
8884   tree args = FUNCTION_FIRST_USER_PARMTYPE (decl);
8885   tree arg;
8886 
8887   if (!args || args == void_list_node)
8888     return false;
8889 
8890   arg = non_reference (TREE_VALUE (args));
8891   if (!is_std_init_list (arg))
8892     return false;
8893 
8894   args = TREE_CHAIN (args);
8895 
8896   if (args && args != void_list_node && !TREE_PURPOSE (args))
8897     /* There are more non-defaulted parms.  */
8898     return false;
8899 
8900   return true;
8901 }
8902 
8903 #include "gt-cp-call.h"
8904