1 // ABI Support -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2000-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 //
5 // This file is part of GCC.
6 //
7 // GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 // the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
10 // any later version.
11 //
12 // GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
15 // GNU General Public License for more details.
16 //
17 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
18 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
19 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
20 
21 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
22 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
23 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
24 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 
26 // Written by Nathan Sidwell, Codesourcery LLC, <nathan@codesourcery.com>
27 
28 /* This file declares the new abi entry points into the runtime. It is not
29    normally necessary for user programs to include this header, or use the
30    entry points directly. However, this header is available should that be
31    needed.
32 
33    Some of the entry points are intended for both C and C++, thus this header
34    is includable from both C and C++. Though the C++ specific parts are not
35    available in C, naturally enough.  */
36 
37 /** @file cxxabi.h
38  *  The header provides an interface to the C++ ABI.
39  */
40 
41 #ifndef _CXXABI_H
42 #define _CXXABI_H 1
43 
44 #pragma GCC system_header
45 
46 #pragma GCC visibility push(default)
47 
48 #include <stddef.h>
49 #include <bits/c++config.h>
50 #include <bits/cxxabi_tweaks.h>
51 #include <bits/cxxabi_forced.h>
52 #include <bits/cxxabi_init_exception.h>
53 
54 #ifdef __cplusplus
55 namespace __cxxabiv1
56 {
57   extern "C"
58   {
59 #endif
60 
61   typedef __cxa_cdtor_return_type (*__cxa_cdtor_type)(void *);
62 
63   // Allocate array.
64   void*
65   __cxa_vec_new(size_t __element_count, size_t __element_size,
66 		size_t __padding_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __constructor,
67 		__cxa_cdtor_type __destructor);
68 
69   void*
70   __cxa_vec_new2(size_t __element_count, size_t __element_size,
71 		 size_t __padding_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __constructor,
72 		 __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor, void *(*__alloc) (size_t),
73 		 void (*__dealloc) (void*));
74 
75   void*
76   __cxa_vec_new3(size_t __element_count, size_t __element_size,
77 		 size_t __padding_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __constructor,
78 		 __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor, void *(*__alloc) (size_t),
79 		 void (*__dealloc) (void*, size_t));
80 
81   // Construct array.
82   __cxa_vec_ctor_return_type
83   __cxa_vec_ctor(void* __array_address, size_t __element_count,
84 		 size_t __element_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __constructor,
85 		 __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor);
86 
87   __cxa_vec_ctor_return_type
88   __cxa_vec_cctor(void* __dest_array, void* __src_array,
89 		  size_t __element_count, size_t __element_size,
90 		  __cxa_cdtor_return_type (*__constructor) (void*, void*),
91 		  __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor);
92 
93   // Destruct array.
94   void
95   __cxa_vec_dtor(void* __array_address, size_t __element_count,
96 		 size_t __element_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor);
97 
98   void
99   __cxa_vec_cleanup(void* __array_address, size_t __element_count, size_t __s,
100 		    __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
101 
102   // Destruct and release array.
103   void
104   __cxa_vec_delete(void* __array_address, size_t __element_size,
105 		   size_t __padding_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor);
106 
107   void
108   __cxa_vec_delete2(void* __array_address, size_t __element_size,
109 		    size_t __padding_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor,
110 		    void (*__dealloc) (void*));
111 
112   void
113   __cxa_vec_delete3(void* __array_address, size_t __element_size,
114 		    size_t __padding_size, __cxa_cdtor_type __destructor,
115 		    void (*__dealloc) (void*, size_t));
116 
117   int
118   __cxa_guard_acquire(__guard*);
119 
120   void
121   __cxa_guard_release(__guard*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
122 
123   void
124   __cxa_guard_abort(__guard*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
125 
126   // DSO destruction.
127   int
128   __cxa_atexit(void (*)(void*), void*, void*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
129 
130   int
131   __cxa_finalize(void*);
132 
133   // TLS destruction.
134   int
135   __cxa_thread_atexit(void (*)(void*), void*, void *) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
136 
137   // Pure virtual functions.
138   void
139   __cxa_pure_virtual(void) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
140 
141   void
142   __cxa_deleted_virtual(void) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
143 
144   // Exception handling auxiliary.
145   void
146   __cxa_bad_cast() __attribute__((__noreturn__));
147 
148   void
149   __cxa_bad_typeid() __attribute__((__noreturn__));
150 
151   void
152   __cxa_throw_bad_array_new_length() __attribute__((__noreturn__));
153 
154   /**
155    *  @brief Demangling routine.
156    *  ABI-mandated entry point in the C++ runtime library for demangling.
157    *
158    *  @param __mangled_name A NUL-terminated character string
159    *  containing the name to be demangled.
160    *
161    *  @param __output_buffer A region of memory, allocated with
162    *  malloc, of @a *__length bytes, into which the demangled name is
163    *  stored.  If @a __output_buffer is not long enough, it is
164    *  expanded using realloc.  @a __output_buffer may instead be NULL;
165    *  in that case, the demangled name is placed in a region of memory
166    *  allocated with malloc.
167    *
168    *  @param __length If @a __length is non-NULL, the length of the
169    *  buffer containing the demangled name is placed in @a *__length.
170    *
171    *  @param __status @a *__status is set to one of the following values:
172    *   0: The demangling operation succeeded.
173    *  -1: A memory allocation failure occurred.
174    *  -2: @a mangled_name is not a valid name under the C++ ABI mangling rules.
175    *  -3: One of the arguments is invalid.
176    *
177    *  @return A pointer to the start of the NUL-terminated demangled
178    *  name, or NULL if the demangling fails.  The caller is
179    *  responsible for deallocating this memory using @c free.
180    *
181    *  The demangling is performed using the C++ ABI mangling rules,
182    *  with GNU extensions. For example, this function is used in
183    *  __gnu_cxx::__verbose_terminate_handler.
184    *
185    *  See https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/ext_demangling.html
186    *  for other examples of use.
187    *
188    *  @note The same demangling functionality is available via
189    *  libiberty (@c <libiberty/demangle.h> and @c libiberty.a) in GCC
190    *  3.1 and later, but that requires explicit installation (@c
191    *  --enable-install-libiberty) and uses a different API, although
192    *  the ABI is unchanged.
193    */
194   char*
195   __cxa_demangle(const char* __mangled_name, char* __output_buffer,
196 		 size_t* __length, int* __status);
197 
198 #ifdef __cplusplus
199   }
200 } // namespace __cxxabiv1
201 #endif
202 
203 #ifdef __cplusplus
204 
205 #include <typeinfo>
206 
207 namespace __cxxabiv1
208 {
209   // Type information for int, float etc.
210   class __fundamental_type_info : public std::type_info
211   {
212   public:
213     explicit
214     __fundamental_type_info(const char* __n) : std::type_info(__n) { }
215 
216     virtual
217     ~__fundamental_type_info();
218   };
219 
220   // Type information for array objects.
221   class __array_type_info : public std::type_info
222   {
223   public:
224     explicit
225     __array_type_info(const char* __n) : std::type_info(__n) { }
226 
227     virtual
228     ~__array_type_info();
229   };
230 
231   // Type information for functions (both member and non-member).
232   class __function_type_info : public std::type_info
233   {
234   public:
235     explicit
236     __function_type_info(const char* __n) : std::type_info(__n) { }
237 
238     virtual
239     ~__function_type_info();
240 
241   protected:
242     // Implementation defined member function.
243     virtual bool
244     __is_function_p() const;
245   };
246 
247   // Type information for enumerations.
248   class __enum_type_info : public std::type_info
249   {
250   public:
251     explicit
252     __enum_type_info(const char* __n) : std::type_info(__n) { }
253 
254     virtual
255     ~__enum_type_info();
256   };
257 
258   // Common type information for simple pointers and pointers to member.
259   class __pbase_type_info : public std::type_info
260   {
261   public:
262     unsigned int 		__flags; // Qualification of the target object.
263     const std::type_info* 	__pointee; // Type of pointed to object.
264 
265     explicit
266     __pbase_type_info(const char* __n, int __quals,
267 		      const std::type_info* __type)
268     : std::type_info(__n), __flags(__quals), __pointee(__type)
269     { }
270 
271     virtual
272     ~__pbase_type_info();
273 
274     // Implementation defined type.
275     enum __masks
276       {
277 	__const_mask = 0x1,
278 	__volatile_mask = 0x2,
279 	__restrict_mask = 0x4,
280 	__incomplete_mask = 0x8,
281 	__incomplete_class_mask = 0x10,
282 	__transaction_safe_mask = 0x20,
283 	__noexcept_mask = 0x40
284       };
285 
286   protected:
287     __pbase_type_info(const __pbase_type_info&);
288 
289     __pbase_type_info&
290     operator=(const __pbase_type_info&);
291 
292     // Implementation defined member functions.
293     virtual bool
294     __do_catch(const std::type_info* __thr_type, void** __thr_obj,
295 	       unsigned int __outer) const;
296 
297     inline virtual bool
298     __pointer_catch(const __pbase_type_info* __thr_type, void** __thr_obj,
299 		    unsigned __outer) const;
300   };
301 
302   inline bool __pbase_type_info::
303   __pointer_catch (const __pbase_type_info *thrown_type,
304 		   void **thr_obj,
305 		   unsigned outer) const
306   {
307     return __pointee->__do_catch (thrown_type->__pointee, thr_obj, outer + 2);
308   }
309 
310   // Type information for simple pointers.
311   class __pointer_type_info : public __pbase_type_info
312   {
313   public:
314     explicit
315     __pointer_type_info(const char* __n, int __quals,
316 			const std::type_info* __type)
317     : __pbase_type_info (__n, __quals, __type) { }
318 
319 
320     virtual
321     ~__pointer_type_info();
322 
323   protected:
324     // Implementation defined member functions.
325     virtual bool
326     __is_pointer_p() const;
327 
328     virtual bool
329     __pointer_catch(const __pbase_type_info* __thr_type, void** __thr_obj,
330 		    unsigned __outer) const;
331   };
332 
333   class __class_type_info;
334 
335   // Type information for a pointer to member variable.
336   class __pointer_to_member_type_info : public __pbase_type_info
337   {
338   public:
339     __class_type_info* __context;   // Class of the member.
340 
341     explicit
342     __pointer_to_member_type_info(const char* __n, int __quals,
343 				  const std::type_info* __type,
344 				  __class_type_info* __klass)
345     : __pbase_type_info(__n, __quals, __type), __context(__klass) { }
346 
347     virtual
348     ~__pointer_to_member_type_info();
349 
350   protected:
351     __pointer_to_member_type_info(const __pointer_to_member_type_info&);
352 
353     __pointer_to_member_type_info&
354     operator=(const __pointer_to_member_type_info&);
355 
356     // Implementation defined member function.
357     virtual bool
358     __pointer_catch(const __pbase_type_info* __thr_type, void** __thr_obj,
359 		    unsigned __outer) const;
360   };
361 
362   // Helper class for __vmi_class_type.
363   class __base_class_type_info
364   {
365   public:
366     const __class_type_info* 	__base_type;  // Base class type.
367 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_LLP64
368     long long			__offset_flags;  // Offset and info.
369 #else
370     long 			__offset_flags;  // Offset and info.
371 #endif
372 
373     enum __offset_flags_masks
374       {
375 	__virtual_mask = 0x1,
376 	__public_mask = 0x2,
377 	__hwm_bit = 2,
378 	__offset_shift = 8          // Bits to shift offset.
379       };
380 
381     // Implementation defined member functions.
382     bool
383     __is_virtual_p() const
384     { return __offset_flags & __virtual_mask; }
385 
386     bool
387     __is_public_p() const
388     { return __offset_flags & __public_mask; }
389 
390     ptrdiff_t
391     __offset() const
392     {
393       // This shift, being of a signed type, is implementation
394       // defined. GCC implements such shifts as arithmetic, which is
395       // what we want.
396       return static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(__offset_flags) >> __offset_shift;
397     }
398   };
399 
400   // Type information for a class.
401   class __class_type_info : public std::type_info
402   {
403   public:
404     explicit
405     __class_type_info (const char *__n) : type_info(__n) { }
406 
407     virtual
408     ~__class_type_info ();
409 
410     // Implementation defined types.
411     // The type sub_kind tells us about how a base object is contained
412     // within a derived object. We often do this lazily, hence the
413     // UNKNOWN value. At other times we may use NOT_CONTAINED to mean
414     // not publicly contained.
415     enum __sub_kind
416       {
417 	// We have no idea.
418 	__unknown = 0,
419 
420 	// Not contained within us (in some circumstances this might
421 	// mean not contained publicly)
422 	__not_contained,
423 
424 	// Contained ambiguously.
425 	__contained_ambig,
426 
427 	// Via a virtual path.
428 	__contained_virtual_mask = __base_class_type_info::__virtual_mask,
429 
430 	// Via a public path.
431 	__contained_public_mask = __base_class_type_info::__public_mask,
432 
433 	// Contained within us.
434 	__contained_mask = 1 << __base_class_type_info::__hwm_bit,
435 
436 	__contained_private = __contained_mask,
437 	__contained_public = __contained_mask | __contained_public_mask
438       };
439 
440     struct __upcast_result;
441     struct __dyncast_result;
442 
443   protected:
444     // Implementation defined member functions.
445     virtual bool
446     __do_upcast(const __class_type_info* __dst_type, void**__obj_ptr) const;
447 
448     virtual bool
449     __do_catch(const type_info* __thr_type, void** __thr_obj,
450 	       unsigned __outer) const;
451 
452   public:
453     // Helper for upcast. See if DST is us, or one of our bases.
454     // Return false if not found, true if found.
455     virtual bool
456     __do_upcast(const __class_type_info* __dst, const void* __obj,
457 		__upcast_result& __restrict __result) const;
458 
459     // Indicate whether SRC_PTR of type SRC_TYPE is contained publicly
460     // within OBJ_PTR. OBJ_PTR points to a base object of our type,
461     // which is the destination type. SRC2DST indicates how SRC
462     // objects might be contained within this type.  If SRC_PTR is one
463     // of our SRC_TYPE bases, indicate the virtuality. Returns
464     // not_contained for non containment or private containment.
465     inline __sub_kind
466     __find_public_src(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, const void* __obj_ptr,
467 		      const __class_type_info* __src_type,
468 		      const void* __src_ptr) const;
469 
470     // Helper for dynamic cast. ACCESS_PATH gives the access from the
471     // most derived object to this base. DST_TYPE indicates the
472     // desired type we want. OBJ_PTR points to a base of our type
473     // within the complete object. SRC_TYPE indicates the static type
474     // started from and SRC_PTR points to that base within the most
475     // derived object. Fill in RESULT with what we find. Return true
476     // if we have located an ambiguous match.
477     virtual bool
478     __do_dyncast(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, __sub_kind __access_path,
479 		 const __class_type_info* __dst_type, const void* __obj_ptr,
480 		 const __class_type_info* __src_type, const void* __src_ptr,
481 		 __dyncast_result& __result) const;
482 
483     // Helper for find_public_subobj. SRC2DST indicates how SRC_TYPE
484     // bases are inherited by the type started from -- which is not
485     // necessarily the current type. The current type will be a base
486     // of the destination type.  OBJ_PTR points to the current base.
487     virtual __sub_kind
488     __do_find_public_src(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, const void* __obj_ptr,
489 			 const __class_type_info* __src_type,
490 			 const void* __src_ptr) const;
491   };
492 
493   // Type information for a class with a single non-virtual base.
494   class __si_class_type_info : public __class_type_info
495   {
496   public:
497     const __class_type_info* __base_type;
498 
499     explicit
500     __si_class_type_info(const char *__n, const __class_type_info *__base)
501     : __class_type_info(__n), __base_type(__base) { }
502 
503     virtual
504     ~__si_class_type_info();
505 
506   protected:
507     __si_class_type_info(const __si_class_type_info&);
508 
509     __si_class_type_info&
510     operator=(const __si_class_type_info&);
511 
512     // Implementation defined member functions.
513     virtual bool
514     __do_dyncast(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, __sub_kind __access_path,
515 		 const __class_type_info* __dst_type, const void* __obj_ptr,
516 		 const __class_type_info* __src_type, const void* __src_ptr,
517 		 __dyncast_result& __result) const;
518 
519     virtual __sub_kind
520     __do_find_public_src(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, const void* __obj_ptr,
521 			 const __class_type_info* __src_type,
522 			 const void* __sub_ptr) const;
523 
524     virtual bool
525     __do_upcast(const __class_type_info*__dst, const void*__obj,
526 		__upcast_result& __restrict __result) const;
527   };
528 
529   // Type information for a class with multiple and/or virtual bases.
530   class __vmi_class_type_info : public __class_type_info
531   {
532   public:
533     unsigned int 		__flags;  // Details about the class hierarchy.
534     unsigned int 		__base_count;  // Number of direct bases.
535 
536     // The array of bases uses the trailing array struct hack so this
537     // class is not constructable with a normal constructor. It is
538     // internally generated by the compiler.
539     __base_class_type_info 	__base_info[1];  // Array of bases.
540 
541     explicit
542     __vmi_class_type_info(const char* __n, int ___flags)
543     : __class_type_info(__n), __flags(___flags), __base_count(0) { }
544 
545     virtual
546     ~__vmi_class_type_info();
547 
548     // Implementation defined types.
549     enum __flags_masks
550       {
551 	__non_diamond_repeat_mask = 0x1, // Distinct instance of repeated base.
552 	__diamond_shaped_mask = 0x2, // Diamond shaped multiple inheritance.
553 	__flags_unknown_mask = 0x10
554       };
555 
556   protected:
557     // Implementation defined member functions.
558     virtual bool
559     __do_dyncast(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, __sub_kind __access_path,
560 		 const __class_type_info* __dst_type, const void* __obj_ptr,
561 		 const __class_type_info* __src_type, const void* __src_ptr,
562 		 __dyncast_result& __result) const;
563 
564     virtual __sub_kind
565     __do_find_public_src(ptrdiff_t __src2dst, const void* __obj_ptr,
566 			 const __class_type_info* __src_type,
567 			 const void* __src_ptr) const;
568 
569     virtual bool
570     __do_upcast(const __class_type_info* __dst, const void* __obj,
571 		__upcast_result& __restrict __result) const;
572   };
573 
574   // Exception handling forward declarations.
575   struct __cxa_exception;
576   struct __cxa_refcounted_exception;
577   struct __cxa_dependent_exception;
578   struct __cxa_eh_globals;
579 
580   extern "C"
581   {
582   // Dynamic cast runtime.
583 
584   // src2dst has the following possible values
585   //  >-1: src_type is a unique public non-virtual base of dst_type
586   //       dst_ptr + src2dst == src_ptr
587   //   -1: unspecified relationship
588   //   -2: src_type is not a public base of dst_type
589   //   -3: src_type is a multiple public non-virtual base of dst_type
590   void*
591   __dynamic_cast(const void* __src_ptr, // Starting object.
592 		 const __class_type_info* __src_type, // Static type of object.
593 		 const __class_type_info* __dst_type, // Desired target type.
594 		 ptrdiff_t __src2dst); // How src and dst are related.
595 
596 
597   // Exception handling runtime.
598 
599   // The __cxa_eh_globals for the current thread can be obtained by using
600   // either of the following functions.  The "fast" version assumes at least
601   // one prior call of __cxa_get_globals has been made from the current
602   // thread, so no initialization is necessary.
603   __cxa_eh_globals*
604   __cxa_get_globals() _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
605 
606   __cxa_eh_globals*
607   __cxa_get_globals_fast() _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW __attribute__ ((__const__));
608 
609   // Free the space allocated for the primary exception.
610   void
611   __cxa_free_exception(void*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
612 
613   // Throw the exception.
614   void
615   __cxa_throw(void*, std::type_info*, void (_GLIBCXX_CDTOR_CALLABI *) (void *))
616   __attribute__((__noreturn__));
617 
618   // Used to implement exception handlers.
619   void*
620   __cxa_get_exception_ptr(void*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW __attribute__ ((__pure__));
621 
622   void*
623   __cxa_begin_catch(void*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
624 
625   void
626   __cxa_end_catch();
627 
628   void
629   __cxa_rethrow() __attribute__((__noreturn__));
630 
631   // Returns the type_info for the currently handled exception [15.3/8], or
632   // null if there is none.
633   std::type_info*
634   __cxa_current_exception_type() _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW __attribute__ ((__pure__));
635 
636   // GNU Extensions.
637 
638   // Allocate memory for a dependent exception.
639   __cxa_dependent_exception*
640   __cxa_allocate_dependent_exception() _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
641 
642   // Free the space allocated for the dependent exception.
643   void
644   __cxa_free_dependent_exception(__cxa_dependent_exception*) _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW;
645 
646   } // extern "C"
647 
648   // A magic placeholder class that can be caught by reference
649   // to recognize foreign exceptions.
650   class __foreign_exception
651   {
652     virtual ~__foreign_exception() throw();
653     virtual void __pure_dummy() = 0; // prevent catch by value
654   };
655 
656 } // namespace __cxxabiv1
657 
658 /** @namespace abi
659  *  @brief The cross-vendor C++ Application Binary Interface. A
660  *  namespace alias to __cxxabiv1, but user programs should use the
661  *  alias 'abi'.
662  *
663  *  A brief overview of an ABI is given in the libstdc++ FAQ, question
664  *  5.8 (you may have a copy of the FAQ locally, or you can view the online
665  *  version at http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/faq.html#5_8 ).
666  *
667  *  GCC subscribes to a cross-vendor ABI for C++, sometimes
668  *  called the IA64 ABI because it happens to be the native ABI for that
669  *  platform.  It is summarized at http://www.codesourcery.com/cxx-abi/
670  *  along with the current specification.
671  *
672  *  For users of GCC greater than or equal to 3.x, entry points are
673  *  available in <cxxabi.h>, which notes, <em>'It is not normally
674  *  necessary for user programs to include this header, or use the
675  *  entry points directly.  However, this header is available should
676  *  that be needed.'</em>
677 */
678 namespace abi = __cxxabiv1;
679 
680 namespace __gnu_cxx
681 {
682   /**
683    *  @brief Exception thrown by __cxa_guard_acquire.
684    *  @ingroup exceptions
685    *
686    *  6.7[stmt.dcl]/4: If control re-enters the declaration (recursively)
687    *  while the object is being initialized, the behavior is undefined.
688    *
689    *  Since we already have a library function to handle locking, we might
690    *  as well check for this situation and throw an exception.
691    *  We use the second byte of the guard variable to remember that we're
692    *  in the middle of an initialization.
693    */
694   class recursive_init_error: public std::exception
695   {
696   public:
697     recursive_init_error() throw() { }
698     virtual ~recursive_init_error() throw ();
699   };
700 }
701 #endif // __cplusplus
702 
703 #pragma GCC visibility pop
704 
705 #endif // __CXXABI_H
706