1 // Methods for Exception Support for -*- C++ -*-
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2014-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 //
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9 // any later version.
10 
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
19 
20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
24 
25 //
26 // ISO C++ 14882: 19.1  Exception classes
27 //
28 
29 // Enable hooks for support for the Transactional Memory TS (N4514).
30 #define _GLIBCXX_TM_TS_INTERNAL
31 void
32 _txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(void* that, const char* s, void* exc);
33 const char*
34 _txnal_cow_string_c_str(const void* that);
35 void
36 _txnal_cow_string_D1(void* that);
37 void
38 _txnal_cow_string_D1_commit(void* that);
39 void*
40 _txnal_logic_error_get_msg(void* e);
41 void*
42 _txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(void* e);
43 
44 // All exception classes still use the classic COW std::string.
45 #define _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI 0
46 #define _GLIBCXX_DEFINE_STDEXCEPT_COPY_OPS 1
47 #define __cow_string __cow_stringxxx
48 #include <stdexcept>
49 #include <system_error>
50 #undef __cow_string
51 
52 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
53 {
54 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
55 
56   // Copy constructors and assignment operators defined using COW std::string
57 
58   logic_error::logic_error(const logic_error& e) noexcept
59   : _M_msg(e._M_msg) { }
60 
61   logic_error& logic_error::operator=(const logic_error& e) noexcept
62   { _M_msg = e._M_msg; return *this; }
63 
64   runtime_error::runtime_error(const runtime_error& e) noexcept
65   : _M_msg(e._M_msg) { }
66 
67   runtime_error&
68   runtime_error::operator=(const runtime_error& e) noexcept
69   { _M_msg = e._M_msg; return *this; }
70 
71   // New C++11 constructors:
72 
73   logic_error::logic_error(const char* __arg)
74   : exception(), _M_msg(__arg) { }
75 
76   domain_error::domain_error(const char* __arg)
77   : logic_error(__arg) { }
78 
79   invalid_argument::invalid_argument(const char* __arg)
80   : logic_error(__arg) { }
81 
82   length_error::length_error(const char* __arg)
83   : logic_error(__arg) { }
84 
85   out_of_range::out_of_range(const char* __arg)
86   : logic_error(__arg) { }
87 
88   runtime_error::runtime_error(const char* __arg)
89   : exception(), _M_msg(__arg) { }
90 
91   range_error::range_error(const char* __arg)
92   : runtime_error(__arg) { }
93 
94   overflow_error::overflow_error(const char* __arg)
95   : runtime_error(__arg) { }
96 
97   underflow_error::underflow_error(const char* __arg)
98   : runtime_error(__arg) { }
99 
100 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
101   // Converting constructor from COW std::string to SSO string.
102   __sso_string::__sso_string(const string& s)
103   : __sso_string(s.c_str(), s.length()) { }
104 
105   // Redefine __cow_string so that we can define and export its members
106   // in terms of the COW std::string.
107   struct __cow_string
108   {
109     union {
110       const char* _M_p;
111       char _M_bytes[sizeof(_M_p)];
112       std::string _M_str;
113     };
114 
115     __cow_string();
116     __cow_string(const std::string& s);
117     __cow_string(const char*, size_t n);
118     __cow_string(const __cow_string&) noexcept;
119     __cow_string& operator=(const __cow_string&) noexcept;
120     ~__cow_string();
121     __cow_string(__cow_string&&) noexcept;
122     __cow_string& operator=(__cow_string&&) noexcept;
123   };
124 
125   __cow_string::__cow_string() : _M_str() { }
126 
127   __cow_string::__cow_string(const std::string& s) : _M_str(s) { }
128 
129   __cow_string::__cow_string(const char* s, size_t n) : _M_str(s, n) { }
130 
131   __cow_string::__cow_string(const __cow_string& s) noexcept
132   : _M_str(s._M_str) { }
133 
134   __cow_string&
135   __cow_string::operator=(const __cow_string& s) noexcept
136   {
137     _M_str = s._M_str;
138     return *this;
139   }
140 
141   __cow_string::~__cow_string() { _M_str.~basic_string(); }
142 
143   __cow_string::__cow_string(__cow_string&& s) noexcept
144   : _M_str(std::move(s._M_str)) { }
145 
146   __cow_string&
147   __cow_string::operator=(__cow_string&& s) noexcept
148   {
149     _M_str = std::move(s._M_str);
150     return *this;
151   }
152 
153   static_assert(sizeof(__cow_string) == sizeof(std::string),
154                 "sizeof(std::string) has changed");
155   static_assert(alignof(__cow_string) == alignof(std::string),
156                 "alignof(std::string) has changed");
157 #endif
158 
159   // Return error_category::message() as an SSO string
160   __sso_string
161   error_category::_M_message(int i) const
162   {
163     string msg = this->message(i);
164     return {msg.c_str(), msg.length()};
165   }
166 
167 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
168 } // namespace
169 
170 // Support for the Transactional Memory TS (N4514).
171 //
172 // logic_error and runtime_error both carry a message in the form of a COW
173 // string.  This COW string is never made visible to users of the exception
174 // because what() returns a C string.  The COW string can be constructed as
175 // either a copy of a COW string of another logic_error/runtime_error, or
176 // using a C string or SSO string; thus, the COW string's _Rep is only
177 // accessed by logic_error operations.  We control all txnal clones of those
178 // operations and thus can ensure that _Rep is never accessed transactionally.
179 // Furthermore, _Rep will always have been allocated or deallocated via
180 // global new or delete, so nontransactional writes we do to _Rep cannot
181 // interfere with transactional accesses.
182 
183 // We depend on having support for referencing functions declared weak that
184 // are not defined by us.  Without such support, the exceptions will not be
185 // declared transaction-safe, so we just don't provide transactional clones
186 // in this case.
187 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_WEAK_REF
188 
189 extern "C" {
190 
191 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_MANGLE_SIZE_T
192 #error Mangled name of size_t type not defined.
193 #endif
194 #define CONCAT1(x,y)		x##y
195 #define CONCAT(x,y)		CONCAT1(x,y)
196 #define _ZGTtnaX		CONCAT(_ZGTtna,_GLIBCXX_MANGLE_SIZE_T)
197 
198 #ifdef __i386__
199 /* Only for 32-bit x86.  */
200 # define ITM_REGPARM	__attribute__((regparm(2)))
201 #else
202 # define ITM_REGPARM
203 #endif
204 
205 // Declare all libitm symbols we rely on, but make them weak so that we do
206 // not depend on libitm.
207 extern void* _ZGTtnaX (size_t sz) __attribute__((weak));
208 extern void _ZGTtdlPv (void* ptr) __attribute__((weak));
209 extern uint8_t _ITM_RU1(const uint8_t *p)
210   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
211 extern uint16_t _ITM_RU2(const uint16_t *p)
212   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
213 extern uint32_t _ITM_RU4(const uint32_t *p)
214   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
215 extern uint64_t _ITM_RU8(const uint64_t *p)
216   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
217 extern void _ITM_memcpyRtWn(void *, const void *, size_t)
218   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
219 extern void _ITM_memcpyRnWt(void *, const void *, size_t)
220   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
221 extern void _ITM_addUserCommitAction(void (*)(void *), uint64_t, void *)
222   ITM_REGPARM __attribute__((weak));
223 
224 }
225 
226 // A transactional version of basic_string::basic_string(const char *s)
227 // that also notifies the TM runtime about allocations belonging to this
228 // exception.
229 void
230 _txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(void* that, const char* s,
231 				    void *exc __attribute__((unused)))
232 {
233   typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
234   bs_type *bs = (bs_type*) that;
235 
236   // First, do a transactional strlen, but including the trailing zero.
237   bs_type::size_type len = 1;
238   for (const char *ss = s; _ITM_RU1((const uint8_t*) ss) != 0; ss++, len++);
239 
240 
241   // Allocate memory for the string and the refcount.  We use the
242   // transactional clone of global new[]; if this throws, it will do so in a
243   // transaction-compatible way.
244   // The allocation belongs to this exception, so tell the runtime about it.
245   // TODO Once this is supported, link the following allocation to this
246   // exception: void *prev = _ITM_setAssociatedException(exc);
247   bs_type::_Rep *rep;
248   __try
249     {
250       rep = (bs_type::_Rep*) _ZGTtnaX (len + sizeof (bs_type::_Rep));
251     }
252   __catch (...)
253     {
254       // Pop the association with this exception.
255       // TODO Once this is supported, link the following allocation to this
256       // exception: _ITM_setAssociatedException(prev);
257       // We do not need to instrument a rethrow.
258       __throw_exception_again;
259     }
260   // Pop the association with this exception.
261   // TODO Once this is supported, link the following allocation to this
262   // exception: _ITM_setAssociatedException(prev);
263 
264   // Now initialize the rest of the string and copy the C string.  The memory
265   // will be freshly allocated, so nontransactional accesses are sufficient,
266   // including the writes when copying the string (see above).
267   rep->_M_set_sharable();
268   rep->_M_length = rep->_M_capacity = len - 1;
269   _ITM_memcpyRtWn(rep->_M_refdata(), s, len);
270   new (&bs->_M_dataplus) bs_type::_Alloc_hider(rep->_M_refdata(),
271 					       bs_type::allocator_type());
272 }
273 
274 static void* txnal_read_ptr(void* const * ptr)
275 {
276   static_assert(sizeof(uint64_t) == sizeof(void*)
277 		|| sizeof(uint32_t) == sizeof(void*)
278 		|| sizeof(uint16_t) == sizeof(void*),
279 		"Pointers must be 16 bits, 32 bits or 64 bits wide");
280 #if __UINTPTR_MAX__ == __UINT64_MAX__
281   return (void*)_ITM_RU8((const uint64_t*)ptr);
282 #elif __UINTPTR_MAX__ == __UINT32_MAX__
283   return (void*)_ITM_RU4((const uint32_t*)ptr);
284 #else
285   return (void*)_ITM_RU2((const uint16_t*)ptr);
286 #endif
287 }
288 
289 // We must access the data pointer in the COW string transactionally because
290 // another transaction can delete the string and reuse the memory.
291 const char*
292 _txnal_cow_string_c_str(const void* that)
293 {
294   typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
295   const bs_type *bs = (const bs_type*) that;
296 
297   return (const char*) txnal_read_ptr((void**)&bs->_M_dataplus._M_p);
298 }
299 
300 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
301 const char*
302 _txnal_sso_string_c_str(const void* that)
303 {
304   return (const char*) txnal_read_ptr(
305       (void* const*)const_cast<char* const*>(
306 	  &((const std::__sso_string*) that)->_M_s._M_p));
307 }
308 #endif
309 
310 void
311 _txnal_cow_string_D1_commit(void* data)
312 {
313   typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
314   bs_type::_Rep *rep = (bs_type::_Rep*) data;
315   rep->_M_dispose(bs_type::allocator_type());
316 }
317 
318 void
319 _txnal_cow_string_D1(void* that)
320 {
321   typedef std::basic_string<char> bs_type;
322   bs_type::_Rep *rep = reinterpret_cast<bs_type::_Rep*>(
323       const_cast<char*>(_txnal_cow_string_c_str(that))) - 1;
324 
325   // The string can be shared, in which case we would need to decrement the
326   // reference count.  We cannot undo that because we might lose the string
327   // otherwise.  Therefore, we register a commit action that will dispose of
328   // the string's _Rep.
329   enum {_ITM_noTransactionId  = 1};
330   _ITM_addUserCommitAction(_txnal_cow_string_D1_commit, _ITM_noTransactionId,
331 			   rep);
332 }
333 
334 void*
335 _txnal_logic_error_get_msg(void* e)
336 {
337   std::logic_error* le = (std::logic_error*) e;
338   return &le->_M_msg;
339 }
340 
341 void*
342 _txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(void* e)
343 {
344   std::runtime_error* le = (std::runtime_error*) e;
345   return &le->_M_msg;
346 }
347 
348 // The constructors are only declared transaction-safe if the C++11 ABI is
349 // used for std::string and the exception classes use a COW string internally.
350 // A user must not call these constructors otherwise; if they do, it will
351 // result in undefined behavior, which is in this case not initializing this
352 // string.
353 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_DUAL_ABI
354 #define CTORS_FROM_SSOSTRING(NAME, CLASS, BASE)			\
355 void									\
356 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##C1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE( \
357     CLASS* that, const std::__sso_string& s)				\
358 {									\
359   CLASS e("");								\
360   _ITM_memcpyRnWt(that, &e, sizeof(CLASS));				\
361   /* Get the C string from the SSO string.  */				\
362   _txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(_txnal_##BASE##_get_msg(that),	\
363 				      _txnal_sso_string_c_str(&s), that); \
364 }									\
365 void									\
366 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##C2ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE( \
367     CLASS*, const std::__sso_string&) __attribute__((alias		\
368 ("_ZGTtNSt" #NAME							\
369   "C1ERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE")));
370 #else
371 #define CTORS_FROM_SSOSTRING(NAME, CLASS, BASE)
372 #endif
373 
374 // This macro defines transaction constructors and destructors for a specific
375 // exception class.  NAME is the variable part of the mangled name, CLASS is
376 // the class name, and BASE must be logic_error or runtime_error (which is
377 // then used to call the proper friend function that can return a pointer to
378 // the _M_msg member declared by the given (base) class).
379 #define CTORDTOR(NAME, CLASS, BASE)					\
380 void									\
381 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##C1EPKc (CLASS* that, const char* s)			\
382 {									\
383   /* This will use the singleton _Rep for an empty string and just	\
384      point to it instead of allocating memory.  Thus, we can use it as	\
385      source, copy it into the object we are constructing, and then	\
386      construct the COW string in the latter manually.  Note that the	\
387      exception classes will not be declared transaction_safe if the	\
388      shared empty _Rep is disabled with --enable-fully-dynamic-string	\
389      (in which case _GLIBCXX_FULLY_DYNAMIC_STRING is nonzero).  */	\
390   CLASS e("");								\
391   _ITM_memcpyRnWt(that, &e, sizeof(CLASS));				\
392   _txnal_cow_string_C1_for_exceptions(_txnal_##BASE##_get_msg(that),	\
393 				      s, that);				\
394 }									\
395 void									\
396 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##C2EPKc (CLASS*, const char*)				\
397   __attribute__((alias ("_ZGTtNSt" #NAME "C1EPKc")));			\
398 CTORS_FROM_SSOSTRING(NAME, CLASS, BASE)					\
399 void									\
400 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##D1Ev(CLASS* that)					\
401 { _txnal_cow_string_D1(_txnal_##BASE##_get_msg(that)); }		\
402 void									\
403 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##D2Ev(CLASS*)						\
404 __attribute__((alias ("_ZGTtNSt" #NAME "D1Ev")));			\
405 void									\
406 _ZGTtNSt##NAME##D0Ev(CLASS* that)					\
407 {									\
408   _ZGTtNSt##NAME##D1Ev(that);						\
409   _ZGTtdlPv(that);							\
410 }
411 
412 // Now create all transactional constructors and destructors, as well as the
413 // two virtual what() functions.
414 extern "C" {
415 
416 CTORDTOR(11logic_error, std::logic_error, logic_error)
417 
418 const char*
419 _ZGTtNKSt11logic_error4whatEv(const std::logic_error* that)
420 {
421   return _txnal_cow_string_c_str(_txnal_logic_error_get_msg(
422       const_cast<std::logic_error*>(that)));
423 }
424 
425 CTORDTOR(12domain_error, std::domain_error, logic_error)
426 CTORDTOR(16invalid_argument, std::invalid_argument, logic_error)
427 CTORDTOR(12length_error, std::length_error, logic_error)
428 CTORDTOR(12out_of_range, std::out_of_range, logic_error)
429 
430 
431 CTORDTOR(13runtime_error, std::runtime_error, runtime_error)
432 
433 const char*
434 _ZGTtNKSt13runtime_error4whatEv(const std::runtime_error* that)
435 {
436   return _txnal_cow_string_c_str(_txnal_runtime_error_get_msg(
437       const_cast<std::runtime_error*>(that)));
438 }
439 
440 CTORDTOR(11range_error, std::range_error, runtime_error)
441 CTORDTOR(14overflow_error, std::overflow_error, runtime_error)
442 CTORDTOR(15underflow_error, std::underflow_error, runtime_error)
443 
444 }
445 
446 #endif  // _GLIBCXX_USE_WEAK_REF
447