xref: /dragonfly/lib/libc/net/getaddrinfo.c (revision e2f5ccfb)
1 /*	$FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/net/getaddrinfo.c,v 1.9.2.14 2002/11/08 17:49:31 ume Exp $	*/
2 /*	$DragonFly: src/lib/libc/net/getaddrinfo.c,v 1.7 2008/05/22 06:50:14 hasso Exp $	*/
3 /*	$KAME: getaddrinfo.c,v 1.15 2000/07/09 04:37:24 itojun Exp $	*/
4 
5 /*
6  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 /*
35  * "#ifdef FAITH" part is local hack for supporting IPv4-v6 translator.
36  *
37  * Issues to be discussed:
38  * - Thread safe-ness must be checked.
39  * - Return values.  There are nonstandard return values defined and used
40  *   in the source code.  This is because RFC2553 is silent about which error
41  *   code must be returned for which situation.
42  * - freeaddrinfo(NULL).  RFC2553 is silent about it.  XNET 5.2 says it is
43  *   invalid.  current code - SEGV on freeaddrinfo(NULL)
44  *
45  * Note:
46  * - The code filters out AFs that are not supported by the kernel,
47  *   when globbing NULL hostname (to loopback, or wildcard).  Is it the right
48  *   thing to do?  What is the relationship with post-RFC2553 AI_ADDRCONFIG
49  *   in ai_flags?
50  * - (post-2553) semantics of AI_ADDRCONFIG itself is too vague.
51  *   (1) what should we do against numeric hostname (2) what should we do
52  *   against NULL hostname (3) what is AI_ADDRCONFIG itself.  AF not ready?
53  *   non-loopback address configured?  global address configured?
54  *
55  * OS specific notes for netbsd/openbsd/freebsd4/bsdi4:
56  * - To avoid search order issue, we have a big amount of code duplicate
57  *   from gethnamaddr.c and some other places.  The issues that there's no
58  *   lower layer function to lookup "IPv4 or IPv6" record.  Calling
59  *   gethostbyname2 from getaddrinfo will end up in wrong search order, as
60  *   presented above.
61  *
62  * OS specific notes for freebsd4:
63  * - FreeBSD supported $GAI.  The code does not.
64  * - FreeBSD allowed classful IPv4 numeric (127.1), the code does not.
65  */
66 
67 #include "namespace.h"
68 #include <sys/types.h>
69 #include <sys/param.h>
70 #include <sys/socket.h>
71 #include <net/if.h>
72 #include <netinet/in.h>
73 #include <arpa/inet.h>
74 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
75 #include <netdb.h>
76 #include <resolv.h>
77 #include <string.h>
78 #include <stdlib.h>
79 #include <stddef.h>
80 #include <ctype.h>
81 #include <unistd.h>
82 #include <stdio.h>
83 #include <errno.h>
84 #include "un-namespace.h"
85 
86 #include "res_config.h"
87 
88 #ifdef DEBUG
89 #include <syslog.h>
90 #endif
91 
92 #if defined(__KAME__) && defined(INET6)
93 # define FAITH
94 #endif
95 
96 #define SUCCESS 0
97 #define ANY 0
98 #define YES 1
99 #define NO  0
100 
101 static const char in_addrany[] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
102 static const char in_loopback[] = { 127, 0, 0, 1 };
103 #ifdef INET6
104 static const char in6_addrany[] = {
105 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
106 };
107 static const char in6_loopback[] = {
108 	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1
109 };
110 #endif
111 
112 static const struct afd {
113 	int a_af;
114 	int a_addrlen;
115 	int a_socklen;
116 	int a_off;
117 	const char *a_addrany;
118 	const char *a_loopback;
119 	int a_scoped;
120 } afdl [] = {
121 #ifdef INET6
122 #define	N_INET6 0
123 	{PF_INET6, sizeof(struct in6_addr),
124 	 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6),
125 	 offsetof(struct sockaddr_in6, sin6_addr),
126 	 in6_addrany, in6_loopback, 1},
127 #define	N_INET 1
128 #else
129 #define	N_INET 0
130 #endif
131 	{PF_INET, sizeof(struct in_addr),
132 	 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in),
133 	 offsetof(struct sockaddr_in, sin_addr),
134 	 in_addrany, in_loopback, 0},
135 	{0, 0, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, 0},
136 };
137 
138 struct explore {
139 	int e_af;
140 	int e_socktype;
141 	int e_protocol;
142 	const char *e_protostr;
143 	int e_wild;
144 #define WILD_AF(ex)		((ex)->e_wild & 0x01)
145 #define WILD_SOCKTYPE(ex)	((ex)->e_wild & 0x02)
146 #define WILD_PROTOCOL(ex)	((ex)->e_wild & 0x04)
147 };
148 
149 static const struct explore explore[] = {
150 #if 0
151 	{ PF_LOCAL, 0, ANY, ANY, NULL, 0x01 },
152 #endif
153 #ifdef INET6
154 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP, "udp", 0x07 },
155 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, "tcp", 0x07 },
156 	{ PF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, ANY, NULL, 0x05 },
157 #endif
158 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP, "udp", 0x07 },
159 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, "tcp", 0x07 },
160 	{ PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, ANY, NULL, 0x05 },
161 	{ PF_UNSPEC, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP, "udp", 0x07 },
162 	{ PF_UNSPEC, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP, "tcp", 0x07 },
163 	{ PF_UNSPEC, SOCK_RAW, ANY, NULL, 0x05 },
164 	{ -1, 0, 0, NULL, 0 },
165 };
166 
167 #ifdef INET6
168 #define PTON_MAX	16
169 #else
170 #define PTON_MAX	4
171 #endif
172 
173 #define MAXPACKET	(64*1024)
174 
175 typedef union {
176 	HEADER hdr;
177 	u_char buf[MAXPACKET];
178 } querybuf;
179 
180 struct res_target {
181 	struct res_target *next;
182 	const char *name;	/* domain name */
183 	int qclass, qtype;	/* class and type of query */
184 	u_char *answer;		/* buffer to put answer */
185 	int anslen;		/* size of answer buffer */
186 	int n;			/* result length */
187 };
188 
189 static int str2number (const char *);
190 static int explore_fqdn (const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
191 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
192 static int explore_null (const struct addrinfo *,
193 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
194 static int explore_numeric (const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
195 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
196 static int explore_numeric_scope (const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
197 	const char *, struct addrinfo **);
198 static int get_canonname (const struct addrinfo *,
199 	struct addrinfo *, const char *);
200 static struct addrinfo *get_ai (const struct addrinfo *,
201 	const struct afd *, const char *);
202 static int get_portmatch (const struct addrinfo *, const char *);
203 static int get_port (struct addrinfo *, const char *, int);
204 static const struct afd *find_afd (int);
205 static int addrconfig (struct addrinfo *);
206 #ifdef INET6
207 static int ip6_str2scopeid (char *, struct sockaddr_in6 *, u_int32_t *);
208 #endif
209 
210 static struct addrinfo *getanswer (const querybuf *, int, const char *,
211 	int, const struct addrinfo *);
212 static int _dns_getaddrinfo (const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
213 	struct addrinfo **);
214 static struct addrinfo *_gethtent (FILE *fp, const char *,
215 	const struct addrinfo *);
216 static int _files_getaddrinfo (const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
217 	struct addrinfo **);
218 #ifdef YP
219 static int _nis_getaddrinfo (const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
220 	struct addrinfo **);
221 #endif
222 
223 static int res_queryN (const char *, struct res_target *);
224 static int res_searchN (const char *, struct res_target *);
225 static int res_querydomainN (const char *, const char *,
226 	struct res_target *);
227 
228 static char *ai_errlist[] = {
229 	"Success",
230 	"Address family for hostname not supported",	/* EAI_ADDRFAMILY */
231 	"Temporary failure in name resolution",		/* EAI_AGAIN      */
232 	"Invalid value for ai_flags",		       	/* EAI_BADFLAGS   */
233 	"Non-recoverable failure in name resolution", 	/* EAI_FAIL       */
234 	"ai_family not supported",			/* EAI_FAMILY     */
235 	"Memory allocation failure", 			/* EAI_MEMORY     */
236 	"No address associated with hostname", 		/* EAI_NODATA     */
237 	"hostname nor servname provided, or not known",	/* EAI_NONAME     */
238 	"servname not supported for ai_socktype",	/* EAI_SERVICE    */
239 	"ai_socktype not supported", 			/* EAI_SOCKTYPE   */
240 	"System error returned in errno", 		/* EAI_SYSTEM     */
241 	"Invalid value for hints",			/* EAI_BADHINTS	  */
242 	"Resolved protocol is unknown",			/* EAI_PROTOCOL   */
243 	"Unknown error", 				/* EAI_MAX        */
244 };
245 
246 /*
247  * Select order host function.
248  */
249 #define	MAXHOSTCONF	4
250 
251 #ifndef HOSTCONF
252 #  define	HOSTCONF	"/etc/host.conf"
253 #endif /* !HOSTCONF */
254 
255 struct _hostconf {
256 	int (*byname)(const struct addrinfo *, const char *,
257 		      struct addrinfo **);
258 };
259 
260 /* default order */
261 static struct _hostconf _hostconf[MAXHOSTCONF] = {
262 	_dns_getaddrinfo,
263 	_files_getaddrinfo,
264 #ifdef ICMPNL
265 	NULL,
266 #endif /* ICMPNL */
267 };
268 
269 static int	_hostconf_init_done;
270 static void	_hostconf_init(void);
271 
272 /* Make getaddrinfo() thread-safe in libc for use with kernel threads. */
273 #include "libc_private.h"
274 #include "spinlock.h"
275 /*
276  * XXX: Our res_*() is not thread-safe.  So, we share lock between
277  * getaddrinfo() and getipnodeby*().  Still, we cannot use
278  * getaddrinfo() and getipnodeby*() in conjunction with other
279  * functions which call res_*().
280  */
281 spinlock_t __getaddrinfo_thread_lock = _SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER;
282 #define THREAD_LOCK() \
283 	if (__isthreaded) _SPINLOCK(&__getaddrinfo_thread_lock);
284 #define THREAD_UNLOCK() \
285 	if (__isthreaded) _SPINUNLOCK(&__getaddrinfo_thread_lock);
286 
287 /* XXX macros that make external reference is BAD. */
288 
289 #define GET_AI(ai, afd, addr) \
290 do { \
291 	/* external reference: pai, error, and label free */ \
292 	(ai) = get_ai(pai, (afd), (addr)); \
293 	if ((ai) == NULL) { \
294 		error = EAI_MEMORY; \
295 		goto free; \
296 	} \
297 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
298 
299 #define GET_PORT(ai, serv) \
300 do { \
301 	/* external reference: error and label free */ \
302 	error = get_port((ai), (serv), 0); \
303 	if (error != 0) \
304 		goto free; \
305 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
306 
307 #define GET_CANONNAME(ai, str) \
308 do { \
309 	/* external reference: pai, error and label free */ \
310 	error = get_canonname(pai, (ai), (str)); \
311 	if (error != 0) \
312 		goto free; \
313 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
314 
315 #define ERR(err) \
316 do { \
317 	/* external reference: error, and label bad */ \
318 	error = (err); \
319 	goto bad; \
320 	/*NOTREACHED*/ \
321 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
322 
323 #define MATCH_FAMILY(x, y, w) \
324 	((x) == (y) || (/*CONSTCOND*/(w) && ((x) == PF_UNSPEC || (y) == PF_UNSPEC)))
325 #define MATCH(x, y, w) \
326 	((x) == (y) || (/*CONSTCOND*/(w) && ((x) == ANY || (y) == ANY)))
327 
328 char *
329 gai_strerror(int ecode)
330 {
331 	if (ecode < 0 || ecode > EAI_MAX)
332 		ecode = EAI_MAX;
333 	return ai_errlist[ecode];
334 }
335 
336 void
337 freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *ai)
338 {
339 	struct addrinfo *next;
340 
341 	do {
342 		next = ai->ai_next;
343 		if (ai->ai_canonname)
344 			free(ai->ai_canonname);
345 		/* no need to free(ai->ai_addr) */
346 		free(ai);
347 		ai = next;
348 	} while (ai);
349 }
350 
351 static int
352 str2number(const char *p)
353 {
354 	char *ep;
355 	unsigned long v;
356 
357 	if (*p == '\0')
358 		return -1;
359 	ep = NULL;
360 	errno = 0;
361 	v = strtoul(p, &ep, 10);
362 	if (errno == 0 && ep && *ep == '\0' && v <= UINT_MAX)
363 		return v;
364 	else
365 		return -1;
366 }
367 
368 int
369 getaddrinfo(const char *hostname, const char *servname,
370 	    const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
371 {
372 	struct addrinfo sentinel;
373 	struct addrinfo *cur;
374 	int error = 0;
375 	struct addrinfo ai;
376 	struct addrinfo ai0;
377 	struct addrinfo *pai;
378 	const struct explore *ex;
379 
380 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
381 	cur = &sentinel;
382 	pai = &ai;
383 	pai->ai_flags = 0;
384 	pai->ai_family = PF_UNSPEC;
385 	pai->ai_socktype = ANY;
386 	pai->ai_protocol = ANY;
387 	pai->ai_addrlen = 0;
388 	pai->ai_canonname = NULL;
389 	pai->ai_addr = NULL;
390 	pai->ai_next = NULL;
391 
392 	if (hostname == NULL && servname == NULL)
393 		return EAI_NONAME;
394 	if (hints) {
395 		/* error check for hints */
396 		if (hints->ai_addrlen || hints->ai_canonname ||
397 		    hints->ai_addr || hints->ai_next)
398 			ERR(EAI_BADHINTS); /* xxx */
399 		if (hints->ai_flags & ~AI_MASK)
400 			ERR(EAI_BADFLAGS);
401 		switch (hints->ai_family) {
402 		case PF_UNSPEC:
403 		case PF_INET:
404 #ifdef INET6
405 		case PF_INET6:
406 #endif
407 			break;
408 		default:
409 			ERR(EAI_FAMILY);
410 		}
411 		memcpy(pai, hints, sizeof(*pai));
412 
413 		/*
414 		 * if both socktype/protocol are specified, check if they
415 		 * are meaningful combination.
416 		 */
417 		if (pai->ai_socktype != ANY && pai->ai_protocol != ANY) {
418 			for (ex = explore; ex->e_af >= 0; ex++) {
419 				if (pai->ai_family != ex->e_af)
420 					continue;
421 				if (ex->e_socktype == ANY)
422 					continue;
423 				if (ex->e_protocol == ANY)
424 					continue;
425 				if (pai->ai_socktype == ex->e_socktype &&
426 				    pai->ai_protocol != ex->e_protocol) {
427 					ERR(EAI_BADHINTS);
428 				}
429 			}
430 		}
431 	}
432 
433 	/*
434 	 * post-2553: AI_ALL and AI_V4MAPPED are effective only against
435 	 * AF_INET6 query.  They need to be ignored if specified in other
436 	 * occassions.
437 	 */
438 	switch (pai->ai_flags & (AI_ALL | AI_V4MAPPED)) {
439 	case AI_V4MAPPED:
440 	case AI_ALL | AI_V4MAPPED:
441 		if (pai->ai_family != AF_INET6)
442 			pai->ai_flags &= ~(AI_ALL | AI_V4MAPPED);
443 		break;
444 	case AI_ALL:
445 #if 1
446 		/* illegal */
447 		ERR(EAI_BADFLAGS);
448 #else
449 		pai->ai_flags &= ~(AI_ALL | AI_V4MAPPED);
450 #endif
451 		break;
452 	}
453 
454 	/*
455 	 * check for special cases.  (1) numeric servname is disallowed if
456 	 * socktype/protocol are left unspecified. (2) servname is disallowed
457 	 * for raw and other inet{,6} sockets.
458 	 */
459 	if (MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, PF_INET, 1)
460 #ifdef PF_INET6
461 	    || MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, PF_INET6, 1)
462 #endif
463 	    ) {
464 		ai0 = *pai;	/* backup *pai */
465 
466 		if (pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC) {
467 #ifdef PF_INET6
468 			pai->ai_family = PF_INET6;
469 #else
470 			pai->ai_family = PF_INET;
471 #endif
472 		}
473 		error = get_portmatch(pai, servname);
474 		if (error)
475 			ERR(error);
476 
477 		*pai = ai0;
478 	}
479 
480 	ai0 = *pai;
481 
482 	/* NULL hostname, or numeric hostname */
483 	for (ex = explore; ex->e_af >= 0; ex++) {
484 		*pai = ai0;
485 
486 		/* PF_UNSPEC entries are prepared for DNS queries only */
487 		if (ex->e_af == PF_UNSPEC)
488 			continue;
489 
490 		if (!MATCH_FAMILY(pai->ai_family, ex->e_af, WILD_AF(ex)))
491 			continue;
492 		if (!MATCH(pai->ai_socktype, ex->e_socktype,
493 			   WILD_SOCKTYPE(ex)))
494 			continue;
495 		if (!MATCH(pai->ai_protocol, ex->e_protocol,
496 			   WILD_PROTOCOL(ex)))
497 			continue;
498 
499 		if (pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC)
500 			pai->ai_family = ex->e_af;
501 		if (pai->ai_socktype == ANY && ex->e_socktype != ANY)
502 			pai->ai_socktype = ex->e_socktype;
503 		if (pai->ai_protocol == ANY && ex->e_protocol != ANY)
504 			pai->ai_protocol = ex->e_protocol;
505 
506 		if (hostname == NULL)
507 			error = explore_null(pai, servname, &cur->ai_next);
508 		else
509 			error = explore_numeric_scope(pai, hostname, servname,
510 						      &cur->ai_next);
511 
512 		if (error)
513 			goto free;
514 
515 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
516 			cur = cur->ai_next;
517 	}
518 
519 	/*
520 	 * XXX
521 	 * If numreic representation of AF1 can be interpreted as FQDN
522 	 * representation of AF2, we need to think again about the code below.
523 	 */
524 	if (sentinel.ai_next)
525 		goto good;
526 
527 	if (pai->ai_flags & AI_NUMERICHOST)
528 		ERR(EAI_NONAME);
529 	if (hostname == NULL)
530 		ERR(EAI_NODATA);
531 
532 	if ((pai->ai_flags & AI_ADDRCONFIG) != 0 && !addrconfig(&ai0))
533 		ERR(EAI_FAIL);
534 
535 	/*
536 	 * hostname as alphabetical name.
537 	 * we would like to prefer AF_INET6 than AF_INET, so we'll make a
538 	 * outer loop by AFs.
539 	 */
540 	for (ex = explore; ex->e_af >= 0; ex++) {
541 		*pai = ai0;
542 
543 		/* require exact match for family field */
544 		if (pai->ai_family != ex->e_af)
545 			continue;
546 
547 		if (!MATCH(pai->ai_socktype, ex->e_socktype, WILD_SOCKTYPE(ex))) {
548 			continue;
549 		}
550 		if (!MATCH(pai->ai_protocol, ex->e_protocol, WILD_PROTOCOL(ex))) {
551 			continue;
552 		}
553 
554 		if (pai->ai_socktype == ANY && ex->e_socktype != ANY)
555 			pai->ai_socktype = ex->e_socktype;
556 		if (pai->ai_protocol == ANY && ex->e_protocol != ANY)
557 			pai->ai_protocol = ex->e_protocol;
558 
559 		error = explore_fqdn(pai, hostname, servname, &cur->ai_next);
560 
561 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
562 			cur = cur->ai_next;
563 	}
564 
565 	/* XXX */
566 	if (sentinel.ai_next)
567 		error = 0;
568 
569 	if (error)
570 		goto free;
571 	if (error == 0) {
572 		if (sentinel.ai_next) {
573  good:
574 			*res = sentinel.ai_next;
575 			return SUCCESS;
576 		} else
577 			error = EAI_FAIL;
578 	}
579  free:
580  bad:
581 	if (sentinel.ai_next)
582 		freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
583 	*res = NULL;
584 	return error;
585 }
586 
587 static char *
588 _hgetword(char **pp)
589 {
590 	char c, *p, *ret;
591 	const char *sp;
592 	static const char sep[] = "# \t\n";
593 
594 	ret = NULL;
595 	for (p = *pp; (c = *p) != '\0'; p++) {
596 		for (sp = sep; *sp != '\0'; sp++) {
597 			if (c == *sp)
598 				break;
599 		}
600 		if (c == '#')
601 			p[1] = '\0';	/* ignore rest of line */
602 		if (ret == NULL) {
603 			if (*sp == '\0')
604 				ret = p;
605 		} else {
606 			if (*sp != '\0') {
607 				*p++ = '\0';
608 				break;
609 			}
610 		}
611 	}
612 	*pp = p;
613 	if (ret == NULL || *ret == '\0')
614 		return NULL;
615 	return ret;
616 }
617 
618 /*
619  * Initialize hostconf structure.
620  */
621 
622 static void
623 _hostconf_init(void)
624 {
625 	FILE *fp;
626 	int n;
627 	char *p, *line;
628 	char buf[BUFSIZ];
629 
630 	_hostconf_init_done = 1;
631 	n = 0;
632 	p = HOSTCONF;
633 	if ((fp = fopen(p, "r")) == NULL)
634 		return;
635 	while (n < MAXHOSTCONF && fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
636 		line = buf;
637 		if ((p = _hgetword(&line)) == NULL)
638 			continue;
639 		do {
640 			if (strcmp(p, "hosts") == 0
641 			||  strcmp(p, "local") == 0
642 			||  strcmp(p, "file") == 0
643 			||  strcmp(p, "files") == 0)
644 				_hostconf[n++].byname = _files_getaddrinfo;
645 			else if (strcmp(p, "dns") == 0
646 			     ||  strcmp(p, "bind") == 0)
647 				_hostconf[n++].byname = _dns_getaddrinfo;
648 #ifdef YP
649 			else if (strcmp(p, "nis") == 0)
650 				_hostconf[n++].byname = _nis_getaddrinfo;
651 #endif
652 		} while ((p = _hgetword(&line)) != NULL);
653 	}
654 	fclose(fp);
655 	if (n < 0) {
656 		/* no keyword found. do not change default configuration */
657 		return;
658 	}
659 	for (; n < MAXHOSTCONF; n++)
660 		_hostconf[n].byname = NULL;
661 }
662 
663 /*
664  * FQDN hostname, DNS lookup
665  */
666 static int
667 explore_fqdn(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
668 	     const char *servname, struct addrinfo **res)
669 {
670 	struct addrinfo *result;
671 	struct addrinfo *cur;
672 	int error = 0, i;
673 
674 	result = NULL;
675 	*res = NULL;
676 
677 	THREAD_LOCK();
678 
679 	/*
680 	 * if the servname does not match socktype/protocol, ignore it.
681 	 */
682 	if (get_portmatch(pai, servname) != 0) {
683 		THREAD_UNLOCK();
684 		return 0;
685 	}
686 
687 	if (!_hostconf_init_done)
688 		_hostconf_init();
689 
690 	for (i = 0; i < MAXHOSTCONF; i++) {
691 		if (!_hostconf[i].byname)
692 			continue;
693 		error = (*_hostconf[i].byname)(pai, hostname, &result);
694 		if (error != 0)
695 			continue;
696 		for (cur = result; cur; cur = cur->ai_next) {
697 			GET_PORT(cur, servname);
698 			/* canonname should be filled already */
699 		}
700 		THREAD_UNLOCK();
701 		*res = result;
702 		return 0;
703 	}
704 
705 free:
706 	THREAD_UNLOCK();
707 	if (result)
708 		freeaddrinfo(result);
709 	return error;
710 }
711 
712 /*
713  * hostname == NULL.
714  * passive socket -> anyaddr (0.0.0.0 or ::)
715  * non-passive socket -> localhost (127.0.0.1 or ::1)
716  */
717 static int
718 explore_null(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *servname,
719 	     struct addrinfo **res)
720 {
721 	int s;
722 	const struct afd *afd;
723 	struct addrinfo *cur;
724 	struct addrinfo sentinel;
725 	int error;
726 
727 	*res = NULL;
728 	sentinel.ai_next = NULL;
729 	cur = &sentinel;
730 
731 	/*
732 	 * filter out AFs that are not supported by the kernel
733 	 * XXX errno?
734 	 */
735 	s = _socket(pai->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
736 	if (s < 0) {
737 		if (errno != EMFILE)
738 			return 0;
739 	} else
740 		_close(s);
741 
742 	/*
743 	 * if the servname does not match socktype/protocol, ignore it.
744 	 */
745 	if (get_portmatch(pai, servname) != 0)
746 		return 0;
747 
748 	afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family);
749 	if (afd == NULL)
750 		return 0;
751 
752 	if (pai->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE) {
753 		GET_AI(cur->ai_next, afd, afd->a_addrany);
754 		/* xxx meaningless?
755 		 * GET_CANONNAME(cur->ai_next, "anyaddr");
756 		 */
757 		GET_PORT(cur->ai_next, servname);
758 	} else {
759 		GET_AI(cur->ai_next, afd, afd->a_loopback);
760 		/* xxx meaningless?
761 		 * GET_CANONNAME(cur->ai_next, "localhost");
762 		 */
763 		GET_PORT(cur->ai_next, servname);
764 	}
765 	cur = cur->ai_next;
766 
767 	*res = sentinel.ai_next;
768 	return 0;
769 
770 free:
771 	if (sentinel.ai_next)
772 		freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
773 	return error;
774 }
775 
776 /*
777  * numeric hostname
778  */
779 static int
780 explore_numeric(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
781 		const char *servname, struct addrinfo **res)
782 {
783 	const struct afd *afd;
784 	struct addrinfo *cur;
785 	struct addrinfo sentinel;
786 	int error;
787 	char pton[PTON_MAX];
788 
789 	*res = NULL;
790 	sentinel.ai_next = NULL;
791 	cur = &sentinel;
792 
793 	/*
794 	 * if the servname does not match socktype/protocol, ignore it.
795 	 */
796 	if (get_portmatch(pai, servname) != 0)
797 		return 0;
798 
799 	afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family);
800 	if (afd == NULL)
801 		return 0;
802 
803 	switch (afd->a_af) {
804 #if 1 /*X/Open spec*/
805 	case AF_INET:
806 		if (inet_aton(hostname, (struct in_addr *)pton) == 1) {
807 			if (pai->ai_family == afd->a_af ||
808 			    pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC /*?*/) {
809 				GET_AI(cur->ai_next, afd, pton);
810 				GET_PORT(cur->ai_next, servname);
811 				while (cur && cur->ai_next)
812 					cur = cur->ai_next;
813 			} else
814 				ERR(EAI_FAMILY);	/*xxx*/
815 		}
816 		break;
817 #endif
818 	default:
819 		if (inet_pton(afd->a_af, hostname, pton) == 1) {
820 			if (pai->ai_family == afd->a_af ||
821 			    pai->ai_family == PF_UNSPEC /*?*/) {
822 				GET_AI(cur->ai_next, afd, pton);
823 				GET_PORT(cur->ai_next, servname);
824 				while (cur && cur->ai_next)
825 					cur = cur->ai_next;
826 			} else
827 				ERR(EAI_FAMILY);	/* XXX */
828 		}
829 		break;
830 	}
831 
832 	*res = sentinel.ai_next;
833 	return 0;
834 
835 free:
836 bad:
837 	if (sentinel.ai_next)
838 		freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
839 	return error;
840 }
841 
842 /*
843  * numeric hostname with scope
844  */
845 static int
846 explore_numeric_scope(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
847 		      const char *servname, struct addrinfo **res)
848 {
849 #if !defined(SCOPE_DELIMITER) || !defined(INET6)
850 	return explore_numeric(pai, hostname, servname, res);
851 #else
852 	const struct afd *afd;
853 	struct addrinfo *cur;
854 	int error;
855 	char *cp, *hostname2 = NULL, *scope, *addr;
856 	struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6;
857 
858 	/*
859 	 * if the servname does not match socktype/protocol, ignore it.
860 	 */
861 	if (get_portmatch(pai, servname) != 0)
862 		return 0;
863 
864 	afd = find_afd(pai->ai_family);
865 	if (afd == NULL)
866 		return 0;
867 	if (!afd->a_scoped)
868 		return explore_numeric(pai, hostname, servname, res);
869 
870 	cp = strchr(hostname, SCOPE_DELIMITER);
871 	if (cp == NULL)
872 		return explore_numeric(pai, hostname, servname, res);
873 
874 	/*
875 	 * Handle special case of <scoped_address><delimiter><scope id>
876 	 */
877 	hostname2 = strdup(hostname);
878 	if (hostname2 == NULL)
879 		return EAI_MEMORY;
880 	/* terminate at the delimiter */
881 	hostname2[cp - hostname] = '\0';
882 	addr = hostname2;
883 	scope = cp + 1;
884 
885 	error = explore_numeric(pai, addr, servname, res);
886 	if (error == 0) {
887 		u_int32_t scopeid;
888 
889 		for (cur = *res; cur; cur = cur->ai_next) {
890 			if (cur->ai_family != AF_INET6)
891 				continue;
892 			sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)cur->ai_addr;
893 			if (ip6_str2scopeid(scope, sin6, &scopeid) == -1) {
894 				free(hostname2);
895 				return(EAI_NODATA); /* XXX: is return OK? */
896 			}
897 			sin6->sin6_scope_id = scopeid;
898 		}
899 	}
900 
901 	free(hostname2);
902 
903 	return error;
904 #endif
905 }
906 
907 static int
908 get_canonname(const struct addrinfo *pai, struct addrinfo *ai, const char *str)
909 {
910 	if ((pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME) != 0) {
911 		ai->ai_canonname = (char *)malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
912 		if (ai->ai_canonname == NULL)
913 			return EAI_MEMORY;
914 		strlcpy(ai->ai_canonname, str, strlen(str) + 1);
915 	}
916 	return 0;
917 }
918 
919 static struct addrinfo *
920 get_ai(const struct addrinfo *pai, const struct afd *afd, const char *addr)
921 {
922 	char *p;
923 	struct addrinfo *ai;
924 #ifdef FAITH
925 	struct in6_addr faith_prefix;
926 	char *fp_str;
927 	int translate = 0;
928 #endif
929 
930 #ifdef FAITH
931 	/*
932 	 * Transfrom an IPv4 addr into a special IPv6 addr format for
933 	 * IPv6->IPv4 translation gateway. (only TCP is supported now)
934 	 *
935 	 * +-----------------------------------+------------+
936 	 * | faith prefix part (12 bytes)      | embedded   |
937 	 * |                                   | IPv4 addr part (4 bytes)
938 	 * +-----------------------------------+------------+
939 	 *
940 	 * faith prefix part is specified as ascii IPv6 addr format
941 	 * in environmental variable GAI.
942 	 * For FAITH to work correctly, routing to faith prefix must be
943 	 * setup toward a machine where a FAITH daemon operates.
944 	 * Also, the machine must enable some mechanizm
945 	 * (e.g. faith interface hack) to divert those packet with
946 	 * faith prefixed destination addr to user-land FAITH daemon.
947 	 */
948 	fp_str = getenv("GAI");
949 	if (fp_str && inet_pton(AF_INET6, fp_str, &faith_prefix) == 1 &&
950 	    afd->a_af == AF_INET && pai->ai_socktype == SOCK_STREAM) {
951 		u_int32_t v4a;
952 		u_int8_t v4a_top;
953 
954 		memcpy(&v4a, addr, sizeof v4a);
955 		v4a_top = v4a >> IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
956 		if (!IN_MULTICAST(v4a) && !IN_EXPERIMENTAL(v4a) &&
957 		    v4a_top != 0 && v4a != IN_LOOPBACKNET) {
958 			afd = &afdl[N_INET6];
959 			memcpy(&faith_prefix.s6_addr[12], addr,
960 			       sizeof(struct in_addr));
961 			translate = 1;
962 		}
963 	}
964 #endif
965 
966 	ai = (struct addrinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo)
967 		+ (afd->a_socklen));
968 	if (ai == NULL)
969 		return NULL;
970 
971 	memcpy(ai, pai, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
972 	ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)(void *)(ai + 1);
973 	memset(ai->ai_addr, 0, (size_t)afd->a_socklen);
974 	ai->ai_addr->sa_len = afd->a_socklen;
975 	ai->ai_addrlen = afd->a_socklen;
976 	ai->ai_addr->sa_family = ai->ai_family = afd->a_af;
977 	p = (char *)(ai->ai_addr);
978 #ifdef FAITH
979 	if (translate == 1)
980 		memcpy(p + afd->a_off, &faith_prefix, afd->a_addrlen);
981 	else
982 #endif
983 	memcpy(p + afd->a_off, addr, afd->a_addrlen);
984 
985 	return ai;
986 }
987 
988 static int
989 get_portmatch(const struct addrinfo *ai, const char *servname)
990 {
991 
992 	/* get_port does not touch first argument. when matchonly == 1. */
993 	/* LINTED const cast */
994 	return get_port((struct addrinfo *)ai, servname, 1);
995 }
996 
997 static int
998 get_port(struct addrinfo *ai, const char *servname, int matchonly)
999 {
1000 	const char *proto;
1001 	struct servent *sp;
1002 	int port;
1003 	int allownumeric;
1004 
1005 	if (servname == NULL)
1006 		return 0;
1007 	switch (ai->ai_family) {
1008 	case AF_INET:
1009 #ifdef AF_INET6
1010 	case AF_INET6:
1011 #endif
1012 		break;
1013 	default:
1014 		return 0;
1015 	}
1016 
1017 	switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1018 	case SOCK_RAW:
1019 		return EAI_SERVICE;
1020 	case SOCK_DGRAM:
1021 	case SOCK_STREAM:
1022 		allownumeric = 1;
1023 		break;
1024 	case ANY:
1025 		allownumeric = 0;
1026 		break;
1027 	default:
1028 		return EAI_SOCKTYPE;
1029 	}
1030 
1031 	port = str2number(servname);
1032 	if (port >= 0) {
1033 		if (!allownumeric)
1034 			return EAI_SERVICE;
1035 		if (port < 0 || port > 65535)
1036 			return EAI_SERVICE;
1037 		port = htons(port);
1038 	} else {
1039 		if (ai->ai_flags & AI_NUMERICSERV)
1040 			return EAI_NONAME;
1041 		switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1042 		case SOCK_DGRAM:
1043 			proto = "udp";
1044 			break;
1045 		case SOCK_STREAM:
1046 			proto = "tcp";
1047 			break;
1048 		default:
1049 			proto = NULL;
1050 			break;
1051 		}
1052 
1053 		if ((sp = getservbyname(servname, proto)) == NULL)
1054 			return EAI_SERVICE;
1055 		port = sp->s_port;
1056 	}
1057 
1058 	if (!matchonly) {
1059 		switch (ai->ai_family) {
1060 		case AF_INET:
1061 			((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)
1062 			    ai->ai_addr)->sin_port = port;
1063 			break;
1064 #ifdef INET6
1065 		case AF_INET6:
1066 			((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)
1067 			    ai->ai_addr)->sin6_port = port;
1068 			break;
1069 #endif
1070 		}
1071 	}
1072 
1073 	return 0;
1074 }
1075 
1076 static const struct afd *
1077 find_afd(int af)
1078 {
1079 	const struct afd *afd;
1080 
1081 	if (af == PF_UNSPEC)
1082 		return NULL;
1083 	for (afd = afdl; afd->a_af; afd++) {
1084 		if (afd->a_af == af)
1085 			return afd;
1086 	}
1087 	return NULL;
1088 }
1089 
1090 /*
1091  * post-2553: AI_ADDRCONFIG check.  if we use getipnodeby* as backend, backend
1092  * will take care of it.
1093  * the semantics of AI_ADDRCONFIG is not defined well.  we are not sure
1094  * if the code is right or not.
1095  *
1096  * XXX PF_UNSPEC -> PF_INET6 + PF_INET mapping needs to be in sync with
1097  * _dns_getaddrinfo.
1098  */
1099 static int
1100 addrconfig(struct addrinfo *pai)
1101 {
1102 	int s, af;
1103 
1104 	/*
1105 	 * TODO:
1106 	 * Note that implementation dependent test for address
1107 	 * configuration should be done everytime called
1108 	 * (or apropriate interval),
1109 	 * because addresses will be dynamically assigned or deleted.
1110 	 */
1111 	af = pai->ai_family;
1112 	if (af == AF_UNSPEC) {
1113 		if ((s = _socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1114 			af = AF_INET;
1115 		else {
1116 			_close(s);
1117 			if ((s = _socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1118 				af = AF_INET6;
1119 			else
1120 				_close(s);
1121 		}
1122 
1123 	}
1124 	if (af != AF_UNSPEC) {
1125 		if ((s = _socket(af, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
1126 			return 0;
1127 		_close(s);
1128 	}
1129 	pai->ai_family = af;
1130 	return 1;
1131 }
1132 
1133 #ifdef INET6
1134 /* convert a string to a scope identifier. XXX: IPv6 specific */
1135 static int
1136 ip6_str2scopeid(char *scope, struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, u_int32_t *scopeid)
1137 {
1138 	u_long lscopeid;
1139 	struct in6_addr *a6;
1140 	char *ep;
1141 
1142 	a6 = &sin6->sin6_addr;
1143 
1144 	/* empty scopeid portion is invalid */
1145 	if (*scope == '\0')
1146 		return -1;
1147 
1148 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(a6) || IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(a6)) {
1149 		/*
1150 		 * We currently assume a one-to-one mapping between links
1151 		 * and interfaces, so we simply use interface indices for
1152 		 * like-local scopes.
1153 		 */
1154 		*scopeid = if_nametoindex(scope);
1155 		if (*scopeid == 0)
1156 			goto trynumeric;
1157 		return 0;
1158 	}
1159 
1160 	/* still unclear about literal, allow numeric only - placeholder */
1161 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_SITELOCAL(a6) || IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_SITELOCAL(a6))
1162 		goto trynumeric;
1163 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_ORGLOCAL(a6))
1164 		goto trynumeric;
1165 	else
1166 		goto trynumeric;	/* global */
1167 
1168 	/* try to convert to a numeric id as a last resort */
1169   trynumeric:
1170 	errno = 0;
1171 	lscopeid = strtoul(scope, &ep, 10);
1172 	*scopeid = (u_int32_t)(lscopeid & 0xffffffffUL);
1173 	if (errno == 0 && ep && *ep == '\0' && *scopeid == lscopeid)
1174 		return 0;
1175 	else
1176 		return -1;
1177 }
1178 #endif
1179 
1180 #ifdef RESOLVSORT
1181 struct addr_ptr {
1182 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1183 	int aval;
1184 };
1185 
1186 static int
1187 addr4sort(struct addrinfo *sentinel)
1188 {
1189 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1190 	struct addr_ptr *addrs, addr;
1191 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1192 	int naddrs, i, j;
1193 	int needsort = 0;
1194 
1195 	if (!sentinel)
1196 		return -1;
1197 	naddrs = 0;
1198 	for (ai = sentinel->ai_next; ai; ai = ai->ai_next)
1199 		naddrs++;
1200 	if (naddrs < 2)
1201 		return 0;		/* We don't need sorting. */
1202 	if ((addrs = malloc(sizeof(struct addr_ptr) * naddrs)) == NULL)
1203 		return -1;
1204 	i = 0;
1205 	for (ai = sentinel->ai_next; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
1206 		sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)ai->ai_addr;
1207 		for (j = 0; (unsigned)j < _res.nsort; j++) {
1208 			if (_res.sort_list[j].addr.s_addr ==
1209 			    (sin->sin_addr.s_addr & _res.sort_list[j].mask))
1210 				break;
1211 		}
1212 		addrs[i].ai = ai;
1213 		addrs[i].aval = j;
1214 		if (needsort == 0 && i > 0 && j < addrs[i - 1].aval)
1215 			needsort = i;
1216 		i++;
1217 	}
1218 	if (!needsort) {
1219 		free(addrs);
1220 		return 0;
1221 	}
1222 
1223 	while (needsort < naddrs) {
1224 	    for (j = needsort - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
1225 		if (addrs[j].aval > addrs[j+1].aval) {
1226 		    addr = addrs[j];
1227 		    addrs[j] = addrs[j + 1];
1228 		    addrs[j + 1] = addr;
1229 		} else
1230 		    break;
1231 	    }
1232 	    needsort++;
1233 	}
1234 
1235 	ai = sentinel;
1236 	for (i = 0; i < naddrs; ++i) {
1237 		ai->ai_next = addrs[i].ai;
1238 		ai = ai->ai_next;
1239 	}
1240 	ai->ai_next = NULL;
1241 	free(addrs);
1242 	return 0;
1243 }
1244 #endif /*RESOLVSORT*/
1245 
1246 #ifdef DEBUG
1247 static const char AskedForGot[] =
1248 	"gethostby*.getanswer: asked for \"%s\", got \"%s\"";
1249 #endif
1250 
1251 static struct addrinfo *
1252 getanswer(const querybuf *answer, int anslen, const char *qname, int qtype,
1253 	  const struct addrinfo *pai)
1254 {
1255 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
1256 	struct addrinfo ai;
1257 	const struct afd *afd;
1258 	char *canonname;
1259 	const HEADER *hp;
1260 	const u_char *cp;
1261 	int n;
1262 	const u_char *eom;
1263 	char *bp, *ep;
1264 	int type, class, ancount, qdcount;
1265 	int haveanswer, had_error;
1266 	char tbuf[MAXDNAME];
1267 	int (*name_ok) (const char *);
1268 	char hostbuf[8*1024];
1269 
1270 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
1271 	cur = &sentinel;
1272 
1273 	canonname = NULL;
1274 	eom = answer->buf + anslen;
1275 	switch (qtype) {
1276 	case T_A:
1277 	case T_AAAA:
1278 	case T_ANY:	/*use T_ANY only for T_A/T_AAAA lookup*/
1279 		name_ok = res_hnok;
1280 		break;
1281 	default:
1282 		return (NULL);	/* XXX should be abort(); */
1283 	}
1284 	/*
1285 	 * find first satisfactory answer
1286 	 */
1287 	hp = &answer->hdr;
1288 	ancount = ntohs(hp->ancount);
1289 	qdcount = ntohs(hp->qdcount);
1290 	bp = hostbuf;
1291 	ep = hostbuf + sizeof hostbuf;
1292 	cp = answer->buf + HFIXEDSZ;
1293 	if (qdcount != 1) {
1294 		h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1295 		return (NULL);
1296 	}
1297 	n = dn_expand(answer->buf, eom, cp, bp, ep - bp);
1298 	if ((n < 0) || !(*name_ok)(bp)) {
1299 		h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1300 		return (NULL);
1301 	}
1302 	cp += n + QFIXEDSZ;
1303 	if (qtype == T_A || qtype == T_AAAA || qtype == T_ANY) {
1304 		/* res_send() has already verified that the query name is the
1305 		 * same as the one we sent; this just gets the expanded name
1306 		 * (i.e., with the succeeding search-domain tacked on).
1307 		 */
1308 		n = strlen(bp) + 1;		/* for the \0 */
1309 		if (n >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN) {
1310 			h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1311 			return (NULL);
1312 		}
1313 		canonname = bp;
1314 		bp += n;
1315 		/* The qname can be abbreviated, but h_name is now absolute. */
1316 		qname = canonname;
1317 	}
1318 	haveanswer = 0;
1319 	had_error = 0;
1320 	while (ancount-- > 0 && cp < eom && !had_error) {
1321 		n = dn_expand(answer->buf, eom, cp, bp, ep - bp);
1322 		if ((n < 0) || !(*name_ok)(bp)) {
1323 			had_error++;
1324 			continue;
1325 		}
1326 		cp += n;			/* name */
1327 		type = _getshort(cp);
1328  		cp += INT16SZ;			/* type */
1329 		class = _getshort(cp);
1330  		cp += INT16SZ + INT32SZ;	/* class, TTL */
1331 		n = _getshort(cp);
1332 		cp += INT16SZ;			/* len */
1333 		if (class != C_IN) {
1334 			/* XXX - debug? syslog? */
1335 			cp += n;
1336 			continue;		/* XXX - had_error++ ? */
1337 		}
1338 		if ((qtype == T_A || qtype == T_AAAA || qtype == T_ANY) &&
1339 		    type == T_CNAME) {
1340 			n = dn_expand(answer->buf, eom, cp, tbuf, sizeof tbuf);
1341 			if ((n < 0) || !(*name_ok)(tbuf)) {
1342 				had_error++;
1343 				continue;
1344 			}
1345 			cp += n;
1346 			/* Get canonical name. */
1347 			n = strlen(tbuf) + 1;	/* for the \0 */
1348 			if (n > ep - bp || n >= MAXHOSTNAMELEN) {
1349 				had_error++;
1350 				continue;
1351 			}
1352 			strlcpy(bp, tbuf, ep - bp);
1353 			canonname = bp;
1354 			bp += n;
1355 			continue;
1356 		}
1357 		if (qtype == T_ANY) {
1358 			if (!(type == T_A || type == T_AAAA)) {
1359 				cp += n;
1360 				continue;
1361 			}
1362 		} else if (type != qtype) {
1363 #ifdef DEBUG
1364 			if (type != T_KEY && type != T_SIG)
1365 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH,
1366 	       "gethostby*.getanswer: asked for \"%s %s %s\", got type \"%s\"",
1367 				       qname, p_class(C_IN), p_type(qtype),
1368 				       p_type(type));
1369 #endif
1370 			cp += n;
1371 			continue;		/* XXX - had_error++ ? */
1372 		}
1373 		switch (type) {
1374 		case T_A:
1375 		case T_AAAA:
1376 			if (strcasecmp(canonname, bp) != 0) {
1377 #ifdef DEBUG
1378 				syslog(LOG_NOTICE|LOG_AUTH,
1379 				       AskedForGot, canonname, bp);
1380 #endif
1381 				cp += n;
1382 				continue;	/* XXX - had_error++ ? */
1383 			}
1384 			if (type == T_A && n != INADDRSZ) {
1385 				cp += n;
1386 				continue;
1387 			}
1388 			if (type == T_AAAA && n != IN6ADDRSZ) {
1389 				cp += n;
1390 				continue;
1391 			}
1392 #ifdef FILTER_V4MAPPED
1393 			if (type == T_AAAA) {
1394 				struct in6_addr in6;
1395 				memcpy(&in6, cp, sizeof(in6));
1396 				if (IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&in6)) {
1397 					cp += n;
1398 					continue;
1399 				}
1400 			}
1401 #endif
1402 			if (!haveanswer) {
1403 				int nn;
1404 
1405 				canonname = bp;
1406 				nn = strlen(bp) + 1;	/* for the \0 */
1407 				bp += nn;
1408 			}
1409 
1410 			/* don't overwrite pai */
1411 			ai = *pai;
1412 			ai.ai_family = (type == T_A) ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
1413 			afd = find_afd(ai.ai_family);
1414 			if (afd == NULL) {
1415 				cp += n;
1416 				continue;
1417 			}
1418 			cur->ai_next = get_ai(&ai, afd, (const char *)cp);
1419 			if (cur->ai_next == NULL)
1420 				had_error++;
1421 			while (cur && cur->ai_next)
1422 				cur = cur->ai_next;
1423 			cp += n;
1424 			break;
1425 		default:
1426 			abort();
1427 		}
1428 		if (!had_error)
1429 			haveanswer++;
1430 	}
1431 	if (haveanswer) {
1432 #if defined(RESOLVSORT)
1433 		/*
1434 		 * We support only IPv4 address for backward
1435 		 * compatibility against gethostbyname(3).
1436 		 */
1437 		if (_res.nsort && qtype == T_A) {
1438 			if (addr4sort(&sentinel) < 0) {
1439 				freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
1440 				h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1441 				return NULL;
1442 			}
1443 		}
1444 #endif /*RESOLVSORT*/
1445 		if (!canonname)
1446 			get_canonname(pai, sentinel.ai_next, qname);
1447 		else
1448 			get_canonname(pai, sentinel.ai_next, canonname);
1449 		h_errno = NETDB_SUCCESS;
1450 		return sentinel.ai_next;
1451 	}
1452 
1453 	h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1454 	return NULL;
1455 }
1456 
1457 /*ARGSUSED*/
1458 static int
1459 _dns_getaddrinfo(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
1460 		 struct addrinfo **res)
1461 {
1462 	struct addrinfo *ai;
1463 	querybuf *buf, *buf2;
1464 	const char *name;
1465 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
1466 	struct res_target q, q2;
1467 
1468 	memset(&q, 0, sizeof(q2));
1469 	memset(&q2, 0, sizeof(q2));
1470 	memset(&sentinel, 0, sizeof(sentinel));
1471 	cur = &sentinel;
1472 
1473 	buf = malloc(sizeof(*buf));
1474 	if (!buf) {
1475 		h_errno = NETDB_INTERNAL;
1476 		return EAI_MEMORY;
1477 	}
1478 	buf2 = malloc(sizeof(*buf2));
1479 	if (!buf2) {
1480 		free(buf);
1481 		h_errno = NETDB_INTERNAL;
1482 		return EAI_MEMORY;
1483 	}
1484 
1485 	switch (pai->ai_family) {
1486 	case AF_UNSPEC:
1487 		q.name = name;
1488 		q.qclass = C_IN;
1489 		q.qtype = T_A;
1490 		q.answer = buf->buf;
1491 		q.anslen = sizeof(buf->buf);
1492 		q.next = &q2;
1493 		q2.name = name;
1494 		q2.qclass = C_IN;
1495 		q2.qtype = T_AAAA;
1496 		q2.answer = buf2->buf;
1497 		q2.anslen = sizeof(buf2->buf);
1498 		break;
1499 	case AF_INET:
1500 		q.name = name;
1501 		q.qclass = C_IN;
1502 		q.qtype = T_A;
1503 		q.answer = buf->buf;
1504 		q.anslen = sizeof(buf->buf);
1505 		break;
1506 	case AF_INET6:
1507 		q.name = name;
1508 		q.qclass = C_IN;
1509 		q.qtype = T_AAAA;
1510 		q.answer = buf->buf;
1511 		q.anslen = sizeof(buf->buf);
1512 		break;
1513 	default:
1514 		free(buf);
1515 		free(buf2);
1516 		return EAI_FAIL;
1517 	}
1518 	if (res_searchN(hostname, &q) < 0) {
1519 		free(buf);
1520 		free(buf2);
1521 		return EAI_NODATA;
1522 	}
1523 	/* prefer IPv6 */
1524 	if (q.next) {
1525 		ai = getanswer(buf2, q2.n, q2.name, q2.qtype, pai);
1526 		if (ai) {
1527 			cur->ai_next = ai;
1528 			while (cur && cur->ai_next)
1529 				cur = cur->ai_next;
1530 		}
1531 	}
1532 
1533 	ai = getanswer(buf, q.n, q.name, q.qtype, pai);
1534 	if (ai)
1535 		cur->ai_next = ai;
1536 	free(buf);
1537 	free(buf2);
1538 	if (sentinel.ai_next == NULL)
1539 		switch (h_errno) {
1540 		case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
1541 			return EAI_NODATA;
1542 		case TRY_AGAIN:
1543 			return EAI_AGAIN;
1544 		default:
1545 			return EAI_FAIL;
1546 		}
1547 	*res = sentinel.ai_next;
1548 	return 0;
1549 }
1550 
1551 static struct addrinfo *
1552 _gethtent(FILE *hostf, const char *name, const struct addrinfo *pai)
1553 {
1554 	char *p;
1555 	char *cp, *tname, *cname;
1556 	struct addrinfo hints, *res0, *res;
1557 	int error;
1558 	const char *addr;
1559 	char hostbuf[8*1024];
1560 
1561 again:
1562 	if (!(p = fgets(hostbuf, sizeof hostbuf, hostf)))
1563 		return (NULL);
1564 	if (*p == '#')
1565 		goto again;
1566 	if (!(cp = strpbrk(p, "#\n")))
1567 		goto again;
1568 	*cp = '\0';
1569 	if (!(cp = strpbrk(p, " \t")))
1570 		goto again;
1571 	*cp++ = '\0';
1572 	addr = p;
1573 	cname = NULL;
1574 	/* if this is not something we're looking for, skip it. */
1575 	while (cp && *cp) {
1576 		if (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t') {
1577 			cp++;
1578 			continue;
1579 		}
1580 		tname = cp;
1581 		if (cname == NULL)
1582 			cname = cp;
1583 		if ((cp = strpbrk(cp, " \t")) != NULL)
1584 			*cp++ = '\0';
1585 		if (strcasecmp(name, tname) == 0)
1586 			goto found;
1587 	}
1588 	goto again;
1589 
1590 found:
1591 	/* we should not glob socktype/protocol here */
1592 	memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
1593 	hints.ai_family = pai->ai_family;
1594 	hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
1595 	hints.ai_protocol = 0;
1596 	hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
1597 	error = getaddrinfo(addr, "0", &hints, &res0);
1598 	if (error)
1599 		goto again;
1600 #ifdef FILTER_V4MAPPED
1601 	/* XXX should check all items in the chain */
1602 	if (res0->ai_family == AF_INET6 &&
1603 	    IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)res0->ai_addr)->sin6_addr)) {
1604 		freeaddrinfo(res0);
1605 		goto again;
1606 	}
1607 #endif
1608 	for (res = res0; res; res = res->ai_next) {
1609 		/* cover it up */
1610 		res->ai_flags = pai->ai_flags;
1611 		res->ai_socktype = pai->ai_socktype;
1612 		res->ai_protocol = pai->ai_protocol;
1613 
1614 		if (pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME) {
1615 			if (get_canonname(pai, res, cname) != 0) {
1616 				freeaddrinfo(res0);
1617 				goto again;
1618 			}
1619 		}
1620 	}
1621 	return res0;
1622 }
1623 
1624 /*ARGSUSED*/
1625 static int
1626 _files_getaddrinfo(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
1627 		   struct addrinfo **res)
1628 {
1629 	FILE *hostf;
1630 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
1631 	struct addrinfo *p;
1632 
1633 	sentinel.ai_next = NULL;
1634 	cur = &sentinel;
1635 
1636 	if ((hostf = fopen(_PATH_HOSTS, "r")) == NULL)
1637 		return EAI_FAIL;
1638 	while ((p = _gethtent(hostf, hostname, pai)) != NULL) {
1639 		cur->ai_next = p;
1640 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
1641 			cur = cur->ai_next;
1642 	}
1643 	fclose(hostf);
1644 
1645 	if (!sentinel.ai_next)
1646 		return EAI_NODATA;
1647 
1648 	*res = sentinel.ai_next;
1649 	return 0;
1650 }
1651 
1652 #ifdef YP
1653 /*ARGSUSED*/
1654 static int
1655 _nis_getaddrinfo(const struct addrinfo *pai, const char *hostname,
1656 		 struct addrinfo **res)
1657 {
1658 	struct hostent *hp;
1659 	int af;
1660 	struct addrinfo sentinel, *cur;
1661 	int i;
1662 	const struct afd *afd;
1663 	int error;
1664 
1665 	sentinel.ai_next = NULL;
1666 	cur = &sentinel;
1667 
1668 	af = (pai->ai_family == AF_UNSPEC) ? AF_INET : pai->ai_family;
1669 	if (af != AF_INET)
1670 		return (EAI_ADDRFAMILY);
1671 
1672 	if ((hp = _gethostbynisname(hostname, af)) == NULL) {
1673 		switch (errno) {
1674 		/* XXX: should be filled in */
1675 		default:
1676 			error = EAI_FAIL;
1677 			break;
1678 		}
1679 	} else if (hp->h_name == NULL ||
1680 		   hp->h_name[0] == 0 || hp->h_addr_list[0] == NULL) {
1681 		hp = NULL;
1682 		error = EAI_FAIL;
1683 	}
1684 
1685 	if (hp == NULL)
1686 		return error;
1687 
1688 	for (i = 0; hp->h_addr_list[i] != NULL; i++) {
1689 		if (hp->h_addrtype != af)
1690 			continue;
1691 
1692 		afd = find_afd(hp->h_addrtype);
1693 		if (afd == NULL)
1694 			continue;
1695 
1696 		GET_AI(cur->ai_next, afd, hp->h_addr_list[i]);
1697 		if ((pai->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME) != 0) {
1698 			/*
1699 			 * RFC2553 says that ai_canonname will be set only for
1700 			 * the first element.  we do it for all the elements,
1701 			 * just for convenience.
1702 			 */
1703 			GET_CANONNAME(cur->ai_next, hp->h_name);
1704 		}
1705 
1706 		while (cur && cur->ai_next)
1707 			cur = cur->ai_next;
1708 	}
1709 
1710 	*res = sentinel.ai_next;
1711 	return 0;
1712 
1713 free:
1714 	if (sentinel.ai_next)
1715 		freeaddrinfo(sentinel.ai_next);
1716 	return error;
1717 }
1718 #endif
1719 
1720 /* resolver logic */
1721 
1722 extern const char *__hostalias (const char *);
1723 extern int h_errno;
1724 
1725 /*
1726  * Formulate a normal query, send, and await answer.
1727  * Returned answer is placed in supplied buffer "answer".
1728  * Perform preliminary check of answer, returning success only
1729  * if no error is indicated and the answer count is nonzero.
1730  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
1731  * Error number is left in h_errno.
1732  *
1733  * Caller must parse answer and determine whether it answers the question.
1734  */
1735 static int
1736 res_queryN(const char *name,		/* domain name */
1737 	   struct res_target *target)
1738 {
1739 	u_char *buf;
1740 	HEADER *hp;
1741 	int n;
1742 	struct res_target *t;
1743 	int rcode;
1744 	int ancount;
1745 
1746 	rcode = NOERROR;
1747 	ancount = 0;
1748 
1749 	if ((_res.options & RES_INIT) == 0 && res_init() == -1) {
1750 		h_errno = NETDB_INTERNAL;
1751 		return (-1);
1752 	}
1753 
1754 	buf = malloc(MAXPACKET);
1755 	if (!buf) {
1756 		h_errno = NETDB_INTERNAL;
1757 		return (-1);
1758 	}
1759 
1760 	for (t = target; t; t = t->next) {
1761 		int class, type;
1762 		u_char *answer;
1763 		int anslen;
1764 
1765 		hp = (HEADER *)(void *)t->answer;
1766 		hp->rcode = NOERROR;	/* default */
1767 
1768 		/* make it easier... */
1769 		class = t->qclass;
1770 		type = t->qtype;
1771 		answer = t->answer;
1772 		anslen = t->anslen;
1773 #ifdef DEBUG
1774 		if (_res.options & RES_DEBUG)
1775 			printf(";; res_query(%s, %d, %d)\n", name, class, type);
1776 #endif
1777 
1778 		n = res_mkquery(QUERY, name, class, type, NULL, 0, NULL,
1779 		    buf, MAXPACKET);
1780 		if (n > 0 && (_res.options & RES_USE_EDNS0) != 0)
1781 			n = res_opt(n, buf, MAXPACKET, anslen);
1782 		if (n <= 0) {
1783 #ifdef DEBUG
1784 			if (_res.options & RES_DEBUG)
1785 				printf(";; res_query: mkquery failed\n");
1786 #endif
1787 			free(buf);
1788 			h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1789 			return (n);
1790 		}
1791 		n = res_send(buf, n, answer, anslen);
1792 #if 0
1793 		if (n < 0) {
1794 #ifdef DEBUG
1795 			if (_res.options & RES_DEBUG)
1796 				printf(";; res_query: send error\n");
1797 #endif
1798 			free(buf);
1799 			h_errno = TRY_AGAIN;
1800 			return (n);
1801 		}
1802 #endif
1803 
1804 		if (n < 0 || n > anslen)
1805 			hp->rcode = FORMERR; /* XXX not very informative */
1806 		if (hp->rcode != NOERROR || ntohs(hp->ancount) == 0) {
1807 			rcode = hp->rcode;	/* record most recent error */
1808 #ifdef DEBUG
1809 			if (_res.options & RES_DEBUG)
1810 				printf(";; rcode = %u, ancount=%u\n", hp->rcode,
1811 				    ntohs(hp->ancount));
1812 #endif
1813 			continue;
1814 		}
1815 
1816 		ancount += ntohs(hp->ancount);
1817 
1818 		t->n = n;
1819 	}
1820 
1821 	free(buf);
1822 
1823 	if (ancount == 0) {
1824 		switch (rcode) {
1825 		case NXDOMAIN:
1826 			h_errno = HOST_NOT_FOUND;
1827 			break;
1828 		case SERVFAIL:
1829 			h_errno = TRY_AGAIN;
1830 			break;
1831 		case NOERROR:
1832 			h_errno = NO_DATA;
1833 			break;
1834 		case FORMERR:
1835 		case NOTIMP:
1836 		case REFUSED:
1837 		default:
1838 			h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
1839 			break;
1840 		}
1841 		return (-1);
1842 	}
1843 	return (ancount);
1844 }
1845 
1846 /*
1847  * Formulate a normal query, send, and retrieve answer in supplied buffer.
1848  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
1849  * If enabled, implement search rules until answer or unrecoverable failure
1850  * is detected.  Error code, if any, is left in h_errno.
1851  */
1852 static int
1853 res_searchN(const char *name,		/* domain name */
1854 	    struct res_target *target)
1855 {
1856 	const char *cp, * const *domain;
1857 	HEADER *hp = (HEADER *)(void *)target->answer;	/*XXX*/
1858 	u_int dots;
1859 	int trailing_dot, ret, saved_herrno;
1860 	int got_nodata = 0, got_servfail = 0, tried_as_is = 0;
1861 
1862 	if ((_res.options & RES_INIT) == 0 && res_init() == -1) {
1863 		h_errno = NETDB_INTERNAL;
1864 		return (-1);
1865 	}
1866 
1867 	errno = 0;
1868 	h_errno = HOST_NOT_FOUND;	/* default, if we never query */
1869 	dots = 0;
1870 	for (cp = name; *cp; cp++)
1871 		dots += (*cp == '.');
1872 	trailing_dot = 0;
1873 	if (cp > name && *--cp == '.')
1874 		trailing_dot++;
1875 
1876 	/*
1877 	 * if there aren't any dots, it could be a user-level alias
1878 	 */
1879 	if (!dots && (cp = __hostalias(name)) != NULL)
1880 		return (res_queryN(cp, target));
1881 
1882 	/*
1883 	 * If there are dots in the name already, let's just give it a try
1884 	 * 'as is'.  The threshold can be set with the "ndots" option.
1885 	 */
1886 	saved_herrno = -1;
1887 	if (dots >= _res.ndots) {
1888 		ret = res_querydomainN(name, NULL, target);
1889 		if (ret > 0)
1890 			return (ret);
1891 		saved_herrno = h_errno;
1892 		tried_as_is++;
1893 	}
1894 
1895 	/*
1896 	 * We do at least one level of search if
1897 	 *	- there is no dot and RES_DEFNAME is set, or
1898 	 *	- there is at least one dot, there is no trailing dot,
1899 	 *	  and RES_DNSRCH is set.
1900 	 */
1901 	if ((!dots && (_res.options & RES_DEFNAMES)) ||
1902 	    (dots && !trailing_dot && (_res.options & RES_DNSRCH))) {
1903 		int done = 0;
1904 
1905 		for (domain = (const char * const *)_res.dnsrch;
1906 		   *domain && !done;
1907 		   domain++) {
1908 
1909 			ret = res_querydomainN(name, *domain, target);
1910 			if (ret > 0)
1911 				return (ret);
1912 
1913 			/*
1914 			 * If no server present, give up.
1915 			 * If name isn't found in this domain,
1916 			 * keep trying higher domains in the search list
1917 			 * (if that's enabled).
1918 			 * On a NO_DATA error, keep trying, otherwise
1919 			 * a wildcard entry of another type could keep us
1920 			 * from finding this entry higher in the domain.
1921 			 * If we get some other error (negative answer or
1922 			 * server failure), then stop searching up,
1923 			 * but try the input name below in case it's
1924 			 * fully-qualified.
1925 			 */
1926 			if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
1927 				h_errno = TRY_AGAIN;
1928 				return (-1);
1929 			}
1930 
1931 			switch (h_errno) {
1932 			case NO_DATA:
1933 				got_nodata++;
1934 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
1935 			case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
1936 				/* keep trying */
1937 				break;
1938 			case TRY_AGAIN:
1939 				if (hp->rcode == SERVFAIL) {
1940 					/* try next search element, if any */
1941 					got_servfail++;
1942 					break;
1943 				}
1944 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
1945 			default:
1946 				/* anything else implies that we're done */
1947 				done++;
1948 			}
1949 			/*
1950 			 * if we got here for some reason other than DNSRCH,
1951 			 * we only wanted one iteration of the loop, so stop.
1952 			 */
1953 			if (!(_res.options & RES_DNSRCH))
1954 			        done++;
1955 		}
1956 	}
1957 
1958 	/*
1959 	 * if we have not already tried the name "as is", do that now.
1960 	 * note that we do this regardless of how many dots were in the
1961 	 * name or whether it ends with a dot.
1962 	 */
1963 	if (!tried_as_is && (dots || !(_res.options & RES_NOTLDQUERY))) {
1964 		ret = res_querydomainN(name, NULL, target);
1965 		if (ret > 0)
1966 			return (ret);
1967 	}
1968 
1969 	/*
1970 	 * if we got here, we didn't satisfy the search.
1971 	 * if we did an initial full query, return that query's h_errno
1972 	 * (note that we wouldn't be here if that query had succeeded).
1973 	 * else if we ever got a nodata, send that back as the reason.
1974 	 * else send back meaningless h_errno, that being the one from
1975 	 * the last DNSRCH we did.
1976 	 */
1977 	if (saved_herrno != -1)
1978 		h_errno = saved_herrno;
1979 	else if (got_nodata)
1980 		h_errno = NO_DATA;
1981 	else if (got_servfail)
1982 		h_errno = TRY_AGAIN;
1983 	return (-1);
1984 }
1985 
1986 /*
1987  * Perform a call on res_query on the concatenation of name and domain,
1988  * removing a trailing dot from name if domain is NULL.
1989  */
1990 static int
1991 res_querydomainN(const char *name, const char *domain,
1992 		 struct res_target *target)
1993 {
1994 	char nbuf[MAXDNAME];
1995 	const char *longname = nbuf;
1996 	size_t n, d;
1997 
1998 	if ((_res.options & RES_INIT) == 0 && res_init() == -1) {
1999 		h_errno = NETDB_INTERNAL;
2000 		return (-1);
2001 	}
2002 #ifdef DEBUG
2003 	if (_res.options & RES_DEBUG)
2004 		printf(";; res_querydomain(%s, %s)\n",
2005 			name, domain?domain:"<Nil>");
2006 #endif
2007 	if (domain == NULL) {
2008 		/*
2009 		 * Check for trailing '.';
2010 		 * copy without '.' if present.
2011 		 */
2012 		n = strlen(name);
2013 		if (n >= MAXDNAME) {
2014 			h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
2015 			return (-1);
2016 		}
2017 		if (n > 0 && name[--n] == '.') {
2018 			strncpy(nbuf, name, n);
2019 			nbuf[n] = '\0';
2020 		} else
2021 			longname = name;
2022 	} else {
2023 		n = strlen(name);
2024 		d = strlen(domain);
2025 		if (n + d + 1 >= MAXDNAME) {
2026 			h_errno = NO_RECOVERY;
2027 			return (-1);
2028 		}
2029 		snprintf(nbuf, sizeof(nbuf), "%s.%s", name, domain);
2030 	}
2031 	return (res_queryN(longname, target));
2032 }
2033