1.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3, 6.\" on Information Processing Systems. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)getc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 37.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdio/getc.3,v 1.5.2.6 2002/05/19 00:24:57 fanf Exp $ 38.\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/stdio/getc.3,v 1.3 2005/09/25 20:49:55 asmodai Exp $ 39.\" 40.Dd June 4, 1993 41.Dt GETC 3 42.Os 43.Sh NAME 44.Nm fgetc , 45.Nm getc , 46.Nm getchar , 47.Nm getw 48.Nd get next character or word from input stream 49.Sh LIBRARY 50.Lb libc 51.Sh SYNOPSIS 52.In stdio.h 53.Ft int 54.Fn fgetc "FILE *stream" 55.Ft int 56.Fn getc "FILE *stream" 57.Ft int 58.Fn getchar "void" 59.Ft int 60.Fn getw "FILE *stream" 61.Sh DESCRIPTION 62The 63.Fn fgetc 64function 65obtains the next input character (if present) from the stream pointed at by 66.Fa stream , 67or the next character pushed back on the stream via 68.Xr ungetc 3 . 69.Pp 70The 71.Fn getc 72function 73acts essentially identically to 74.Fn fgetc , 75but is a macro that expands in-line. 76.Pp 77The 78.Fn getchar 79function 80is equivalent to 81.Fn getc stdin . 82.Pp 83The 84.Fn getw 85function 86obtains the next 87.Em int 88(if present) 89from the stream pointed at by 90.Fa stream . 91.Sh RETURN VALUES 92If successful, these routines return the next requested object 93from the 94.Fa stream . 95Character values are returned as an 96.Li unsigned char 97converted to an 98.Li int . 99If the stream is at end-of-file or a read error occurs, 100the routines return 101.Dv EOF . 102The routines 103.Xr feof 3 104and 105.Xr ferror 3 106must be used to distinguish between end-of-file and error. 107If an error occurs, the global variable 108.Va errno 109is set to indicate the error. 110The end-of-file condition is remembered, even on a terminal, and all 111subsequent attempts to read will return 112.Dv EOF 113until the condition is cleared with 114.Xr clearerr 3 . 115.Sh SEE ALSO 116.Xr ferror 3 , 117.Xr fopen 3 , 118.Xr fread 3 , 119.Xr putc 3 , 120.Xr ungetc 3 121.Sh STANDARDS 122The 123.Fn fgetc , 124.Fn getc 125and 126.Fn getchar 127functions 128conform to 129.St -isoC . 130.Sh BUGS 131Since 132.Dv EOF 133is a valid integer value, 134.Xr feof 3 135and 136.Xr ferror 3 137must be used to check for failure after calling 138.Fn getw . 139The size and byte order of an 140.Em int 141varies from one machine to another, and 142.Fn getw 143is not recommended for portable applications. 144.Pp 145