1.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 5.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3, 6.\" on Information Processing Systems. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22.\" without specific prior written permission. 23.\" 24.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 35.\" 36.\" @(#)putc.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 37.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/stdio/putc.3,v 1.5.2.3 2001/12/14 18:33:57 ru Exp $ 38.\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/stdio/putc.3,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:26:46 dillon Exp $ 39.\" 40.Dd March 22, 2009 41.Dt PUTC 3 42.Os 43.Sh NAME 44.Nm fputc , 45.Nm putc , 46.Nm putc_unlocked , 47.Nm putchar , 48.Nm putchar_unlocked , 49.Nm putw 50.Nd output a character or word to a stream 51.Sh LIBRARY 52.Lb libc 53.Sh SYNOPSIS 54.In stdio.h 55.Ft int 56.Fn fputc "int c" "FILE *stream" 57.Ft int 58.Fn putc "int c" "FILE *stream" 59.Ft int 60.Fn putc_unlocked "int c" "FILE *stream" 61.Ft int 62.Fn putchar "int c" 63.Ft int 64.Fn putchar_unlocked "int c" 65.Ft int 66.Fn putw "int w" "FILE *stream" 67.Sh DESCRIPTION 68The 69.Fn fputc 70function 71writes the character 72.Fa c 73(converted to an ``unsigned char'') 74to the output stream pointed to by 75.Fa stream . 76.Pp 77The 78.Fn putc 79function acts essentially identically to 80.Fn fputc . 81.Pp 82The 83.Fn putchar 84function 85is identical to 86.Fn putc 87with an output stream of 88.Em stdout . 89.Pp 90The 91.Fn putw 92function 93writes the specified 94.Em int 95to the named output 96.Fa stream . 97.Pp 98The 99.Fn putc_unlocked 100and 101.Fn putchar_unlocked 102functions are equivalent to 103.Fn putc 104and 105.Fn putchar 106respectively, 107except that the caller is responsible for locking the stream 108with 109.Fn flockfile 110before calling them. 111These functions may be used to avoid the overhead of locking the stream 112for each character, and to avoid output being interspersed from multiple 113threads writing to the same stream. 114.Sh RETURN VALUES 115The functions, 116.Fn fputc , 117.Fn putc , 118.Fn putchar , 119.Fn putc_unlocked 120and 121.Fn putchar_unlocked 122return the character written. 123If an error occurs, the value 124.Dv EOF 125is returned. 126The 127.Fn putw 128function 129returns 0 on success; 130.Dv EOF 131is returned if 132a write error occurs, 133or if an attempt is made to write a read-only stream. 134.Sh SEE ALSO 135.Xr ferror 3 , 136.Xr flockfile 3 , 137.Xr fopen 3 , 138.Xr getc 3 , 139.Xr stdio 3 140.Sh STANDARDS 141The functions 142.Fn fputc , 143.Fn putc , 144and 145.Fn putchar , 146conform to 147.St -isoC . 148The 149.Fn putc_unlocked 150and 151.Fn putchar_unlocked 152functions conform to 153.St -p1003.1-2001 . 154A 155.Fn putw 156function appeared in 157.At v6 . 158.Sh BUGS 159The size and byte order of an 160.Em int 161varies from one machine to another, and 162.Fn putw 163is not recommended for portable applications. 164