1.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)_exit.2 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93 33.\" $FreeBSD: src/lib/libc/sys/_exit.2,v 1.10.2.4 2001/12/14 18:34:00 ru Exp $ 34.\" $DragonFly: src/lib/libc/sys/_exit.2,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:26:47 dillon Exp $ 35.\" 36.Dd June 4, 1993 37.Dt EXIT 2 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm _exit 41.Nd terminate the calling process 42.Sh LIBRARY 43.Lb libc 44.Sh SYNOPSIS 45.In unistd.h 46.Ft void 47.Fn _exit "int status" 48.Sh DESCRIPTION 49The 50.Fn _exit 51function 52terminates a process with the following consequences: 53.Bl -bullet 54.It 55All of the descriptors open in the calling process are closed. 56This may entail delays, for example, waiting for output to drain; 57a process in this state may not be killed, as it is already dying. 58.It 59If the parent process of the calling process has an outstanding 60.Xr wait 2 61call 62or catches the 63.Dv SIGCHLD 64signal, 65it is notified of the calling process's termination and 66the 67.Em status 68is set as defined by 69.Xr wait 2 . 70.It 71The parent process-ID of all of the calling process's existing child 72processes are set to 1; the initialization process 73(see the 74.Sx DEFINITIONS 75section of 76.Xr intro 2 ) 77inherits each of these processes. 78.It 79If the termination of the process causes any process group 80to become orphaned (usually because the parents of all members 81of the group have now exited; see 82.Dq orphaned process group 83in 84.Xr intro 2 ) , 85and if any member of the orphaned group is stopped, 86the 87.Dv SIGHUP 88signal and the 89.Dv SIGCONT 90signal are sent to all members of the newly-orphaned process group. 91.It 92If the process is a controlling process (see 93.Xr intro 2 ) , 94the 95.Dv SIGHUP 96signal is sent to the foreground process group of the controlling terminal, 97and all current access to the controlling terminal is revoked. 98.El 99.Pp 100Most C programs call the library routine 101.Xr exit 3 , 102which flushes buffers, closes streams, unlinks temporary files, etc., 103before 104calling 105.Fn _exit . 106.Sh RETURN VALUES 107.Fn _exit 108can never return. 109.Sh SEE ALSO 110.Xr fork 2 , 111.Xr sigaction 2 , 112.Xr wait 2 , 113.Xr exit 3 114.Sh STANDARDS 115The 116.Fn _exit 117function call is expected to conform to 118.St -p1003.1-90 . 119.Sh HISTORY 120An 121.Fn _exit 122function call appeared in 123.At v7 . 124