xref: /dragonfly/libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c (revision 71126e33)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1996-1998 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  * $FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c,v 1.7.2.2 2002/12/28 19:49:41 dillon Exp $
26  * $DragonFly: src/libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c,v 1.4 2004/11/18 10:01:47 dillon Exp $
27  */
28 
29 #include <sys/param.h>
30 #include <sys/mman.h>
31 #include <sys/stat.h>
32 
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <stddef.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <unistd.h>
38 
39 #include "rtld.h"
40 
41 static Elf_Ehdr *get_elf_header (int, const char *);
42 static int convert_prot(int);	/* Elf flags -> mmap protection */
43 static int convert_flags(int); /* Elf flags -> mmap flags */
44 
45 /*
46  * Map a shared object into memory.  The "fd" argument is a file descriptor,
47  * which must be open on the object and positioned at its beginning.
48  * The "path" argument is a pathname that is used only for error messages.
49  *
50  * The return value is a pointer to a newly-allocated Obj_Entry structure
51  * for the shared object.  Returns NULL on failure.
52  */
53 Obj_Entry *
54 map_object(int fd, const char *path, const struct stat *sb)
55 {
56     Obj_Entry *obj;
57     Elf_Ehdr *hdr;
58     int i;
59     Elf_Phdr *phdr;
60     Elf_Phdr *phlimit;
61     Elf_Phdr **segs;
62     int nsegs;
63     Elf_Phdr *phdyn;
64     Elf_Phdr *phphdr;
65     Elf_Phdr *phinterp;
66     caddr_t mapbase;
67     size_t mapsize;
68     Elf_Off base_offset;
69     Elf_Addr base_vaddr;
70     Elf_Addr base_vlimit;
71     caddr_t base_addr;
72     Elf_Off data_offset;
73     Elf_Addr data_vaddr;
74     Elf_Addr data_vlimit;
75     caddr_t data_addr;
76     int data_prot;
77     int data_flags;
78     Elf_Addr clear_vaddr;
79     caddr_t clear_addr;
80     caddr_t clear_page;
81     size_t nclear;
82     Elf_Addr bss_vaddr;
83     Elf_Addr bss_vlimit;
84     caddr_t bss_addr;
85 
86     hdr = get_elf_header(fd, path);
87     if (hdr == NULL)
88 	return NULL;
89 
90     /*
91      * Scan the program header entries, and save key information.
92      *
93      * We rely on there being exactly two load segments, text and data,
94      * in that order.
95      */
96     phdr = (Elf_Phdr *) ((char *)hdr + hdr->e_phoff);
97     phlimit = phdr + hdr->e_phnum;
98     nsegs = -1;
99     phdyn = phphdr = phinterp = NULL;
100     segs = alloca(sizeof(segs[0]) * hdr->e_phnum);
101     while (phdr < phlimit) {
102 	switch (phdr->p_type) {
103 
104 	case PT_INTERP:
105 	    phinterp = phdr;
106 	    break;
107 
108 	case PT_LOAD:
109 	    segs[++nsegs] = phdr;
110     	    if (segs[nsegs]->p_align < PAGE_SIZE) {
111 		_rtld_error("%s: PT_LOAD segment %d not page-aligned",
112 		    path, nsegs);
113 		return NULL;
114 	    }
115 	    break;
116 
117 	case PT_PHDR:
118 	    phphdr = phdr;
119 	    break;
120 
121 	case PT_DYNAMIC:
122 	    phdyn = phdr;
123 	    break;
124 	}
125 
126 	++phdr;
127     }
128     if (phdyn == NULL) {
129 	_rtld_error("%s: object is not dynamically-linked", path);
130 	return NULL;
131     }
132 
133     if (nsegs < 0) {
134 	_rtld_error("%s: too few PT_LOAD segments", path);
135 	return NULL;
136     }
137 
138     /*
139      * Map the entire address space of the object, to stake out our
140      * contiguous region, and to establish the base address for relocation.
141      */
142     base_offset = trunc_page(segs[0]->p_offset);
143     base_vaddr = trunc_page(segs[0]->p_vaddr);
144     base_vlimit = round_page(segs[nsegs]->p_vaddr + segs[nsegs]->p_memsz);
145     mapsize = base_vlimit - base_vaddr;
146     base_addr = hdr->e_type == ET_EXEC ? (caddr_t) base_vaddr : NULL;
147 
148     mapbase = mmap(base_addr, mapsize, convert_prot(segs[0]->p_flags),
149       convert_flags(segs[0]->p_flags), fd, base_offset);
150     if (mapbase == (caddr_t) -1) {
151 	_rtld_error("%s: mmap of entire address space failed: %s",
152 	  path, strerror(errno));
153 	return NULL;
154     }
155     if (base_addr != NULL && mapbase != base_addr) {
156 	_rtld_error("%s: mmap returned wrong address: wanted %p, got %p",
157 	  path, base_addr, mapbase);
158 	munmap(mapbase, mapsize);
159 	return NULL;
160     }
161 
162     for (i = 0; i <=  nsegs; i++) {
163 	/* Overlay the segment onto the proper region. */
164 	data_offset = trunc_page(segs[i]->p_offset);
165 	data_vaddr = trunc_page(segs[i]->p_vaddr);
166 	data_vlimit = round_page(segs[i]->p_vaddr + segs[i]->p_filesz);
167 	data_addr = mapbase + (data_vaddr - base_vaddr);
168 	data_prot = convert_prot(segs[i]->p_flags);
169 	data_flags = convert_flags(segs[i]->p_flags) | MAP_FIXED;
170 	/* Do not call mmap on the first segment - this is redundant */
171 	if (i && mmap(data_addr, data_vlimit - data_vaddr, data_prot,
172 	  data_flags, fd, data_offset) == (caddr_t) -1) {
173 	    _rtld_error("%s: mmap of data failed: %s", path, strerror(errno));
174 	    return NULL;
175 	}
176 
177 	/* Clear any BSS in the last page of the segment. */
178 	clear_vaddr = segs[i]->p_vaddr + segs[i]->p_filesz;
179 	clear_addr = mapbase + (clear_vaddr - base_vaddr);
180 	clear_page = mapbase + (trunc_page(clear_vaddr) - base_vaddr);
181 	if ((nclear = data_vlimit - clear_vaddr) > 0) {
182 	    /* Make sure the end of the segment is writable */
183 	    if ((data_prot & PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
184 		if (mprotect(clear_page, PAGE_SIZE, data_prot|PROT_WRITE) < 0) {
185 			_rtld_error("%s: mprotect failed: %s", path,
186 			    strerror(errno));
187 			return NULL;
188 		}
189 	    }
190 
191 	    memset(clear_addr, 0, nclear);
192 
193 	    /*
194 	     * reset the data protection back, enable the segment to be
195 	     * coredumped since we modified it.
196 	     */
197 	    if ((data_prot & PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
198 		madvise(clear_page, PAGE_SIZE, MADV_CORE);
199 		mprotect(clear_page, PAGE_SIZE, data_prot);
200 	    }
201 	}
202 
203 	/* Overlay the BSS segment onto the proper region. */
204 	bss_vaddr = data_vlimit;
205 	bss_vlimit = round_page(segs[i]->p_vaddr + segs[i]->p_memsz);
206 	bss_addr = mapbase +  (bss_vaddr - base_vaddr);
207 	if (bss_vlimit > bss_vaddr) {	/* There is something to do */
208 	    if (mmap(bss_addr, bss_vlimit - bss_vaddr, data_prot,
209 		MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANON, -1, 0) == (caddr_t) -1) {
210 		    _rtld_error("%s: mmap of bss failed: %s", path,
211 			strerror(errno));
212 		return NULL;
213 	    }
214 	}
215     }
216 
217     obj = obj_new();
218     if (sb != NULL) {
219 	obj->dev = sb->st_dev;
220 	obj->ino = sb->st_ino;
221     }
222     obj->mapbase = mapbase;
223     obj->mapsize = mapsize;
224     obj->textsize = round_page(segs[0]->p_vaddr + segs[0]->p_memsz) -
225       base_vaddr;
226     obj->vaddrbase = base_vaddr;
227     obj->relocbase = mapbase - base_vaddr;
228     obj->dynamic = (const Elf_Dyn *) (obj->relocbase + phdyn->p_vaddr);
229     if (hdr->e_entry != 0)
230 	obj->entry = (caddr_t) (obj->relocbase + hdr->e_entry);
231     if (phphdr != NULL) {
232 	obj->phdr = (const Elf_Phdr *) (obj->relocbase + phphdr->p_vaddr);
233 	obj->phsize = phphdr->p_memsz;
234     }
235     if (phinterp != NULL)
236 	obj->interp = (const char *) (obj->relocbase + phinterp->p_vaddr);
237 
238     return obj;
239 }
240 
241 static Elf_Ehdr *
242 get_elf_header (int fd, const char *path)
243 {
244     static union {
245 	Elf_Ehdr hdr;
246 	char buf[PAGE_SIZE];
247     } u;
248     ssize_t nbytes;
249 
250     if ((nbytes = read(fd, u.buf, PAGE_SIZE)) == -1) {
251 	_rtld_error("%s: read error: %s", path, strerror(errno));
252 	return NULL;
253     }
254 
255     /* Make sure the file is valid */
256     if (nbytes < (ssize_t)sizeof(Elf_Ehdr) || !IS_ELF(u.hdr)) {
257 	_rtld_error("%s: invalid file format", path);
258 	return NULL;
259     }
260     if (u.hdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELF_TARG_CLASS
261       || u.hdr.e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELF_TARG_DATA) {
262 	_rtld_error("%s: unsupported file layout", path);
263 	return NULL;
264     }
265     if (u.hdr.e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT
266       || u.hdr.e_version != EV_CURRENT) {
267 	_rtld_error("%s: unsupported file version", path);
268 	return NULL;
269     }
270     if (u.hdr.e_type != ET_EXEC && u.hdr.e_type != ET_DYN) {
271 	_rtld_error("%s: unsupported file type", path);
272 	return NULL;
273     }
274     if (u.hdr.e_machine != ELF_TARG_MACH) {
275 	_rtld_error("%s: unsupported machine", path);
276 	return NULL;
277     }
278 
279     /*
280      * We rely on the program header being in the first page.  This is
281      * not strictly required by the ABI specification, but it seems to
282      * always true in practice.  And, it simplifies things considerably.
283      */
284     if (u.hdr.e_phentsize != sizeof(Elf_Phdr)) {
285 	_rtld_error(
286 	  "%s: invalid shared object: e_phentsize != sizeof(Elf_Phdr)", path);
287 	return NULL;
288     }
289     if (u.hdr.e_phoff + u.hdr.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr) > (size_t)nbytes) {
290 	_rtld_error("%s: program header too large", path);
291 	return NULL;
292     }
293 
294     return (&u.hdr);
295 }
296 
297 void
298 obj_free(Obj_Entry *obj)
299 {
300     Objlist_Entry *elm;
301 
302     free(obj->path);
303     while (obj->needed != NULL) {
304 	Needed_Entry *needed = obj->needed;
305 	obj->needed = needed->next;
306 	free(needed);
307     }
308     while (!STAILQ_EMPTY(&obj->dldags)) {
309 	elm = STAILQ_FIRST(&obj->dldags);
310 	STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&obj->dldags, link);
311 	free(elm);
312     }
313     while (!STAILQ_EMPTY(&obj->dagmembers)) {
314 	elm = STAILQ_FIRST(&obj->dagmembers);
315 	STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&obj->dagmembers, link);
316 	free(elm);
317     }
318     free(obj);
319 }
320 
321 Obj_Entry *
322 obj_new(void)
323 {
324     Obj_Entry *obj;
325 
326     obj = CNEW(Obj_Entry);
327     STAILQ_INIT(&obj->dldags);
328     STAILQ_INIT(&obj->dagmembers);
329     return obj;
330 }
331 
332 /*
333  * Given a set of ELF protection flags, return the corresponding protection
334  * flags for MMAP.
335  */
336 static int
337 convert_prot(int elfflags)
338 {
339     int prot = 0;
340     if (elfflags & PF_R)
341 	prot |= PROT_READ;
342     if (elfflags & PF_W)
343 	prot |= PROT_WRITE;
344     if (elfflags & PF_X)
345 	prot |= PROT_EXEC;
346     return prot;
347 }
348 
349 static int
350 convert_flags(int elfflags)
351 {
352     int flags = MAP_PRIVATE; /* All mappings are private */
353 
354     /*
355      * Readonly mappings are marked "MAP_NOCORE", because they can be
356      * reconstructed by a debugger.
357      */
358     if (!(elfflags & PF_W))
359 	flags |= MAP_NOCORE;
360     return flags;
361 }
362