xref: /dragonfly/sbin/dump/tape.c (revision fb151170)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#)tape.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
34  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/dump/tape.c,v 1.12.2.3 2002/02/23 22:32:51 iedowse Exp $
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/param.h>
38 #include <sys/socket.h>
39 #include <sys/time.h>
40 #include <sys/wait.h>
41 #include <sys/stat.h>
42 #ifdef sunos
43 #include <sys/vnode.h>
44 
45 #include <ufs/fs.h>
46 #include <ufs/inode.h>
47 #else
48 #include <vfs/ufs/dinode.h>
49 #include <vfs/ufs/fs.h>
50 #endif
51 
52 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
53 
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <fcntl.h>
56 #include <setjmp.h>
57 #include <signal.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 
63 #include "dump.h"
64 
65 static int writesize;		/* size of malloc()ed buffer for tape */
66 static long lastspclrec = -1;	/* tape block number of last written header */
67 static int trecno = 0;		/* next record to write in current block */
68 static long blocksthisvol;		/* number of blocks on current output file */
69 static const char	*nexttape;
70 static int tapeno = 0;	/* current tape number */
71 
72 static int	atomic_read(int, void *, int);
73 static int	atomic_write(int, const void *, int);
74 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
75 static void	doslave(int, int);
76 #else
77 static void	doslave(int);
78 #endif
79 static void	enslave(void);
80 static void	flushtape(void);
81 static void	killall(void);
82 static void	rollforward(void);
83 
84 /*
85  * Concurrent dump mods (Caltech) - disk block reading and tape writing
86  * are exported to several slave processes.  While one slave writes the
87  * tape, the others read disk blocks; they pass control of the tape in
88  * a ring via signals. The parent process traverses the filesystem and
89  * sends writeheader()'s and lists of daddr's to the slaves via pipes.
90  * The following structure defines the instruction packets sent to slaves.
91  */
92 struct req {
93 	daddr_t dblk;
94 	int count;
95 };
96 int reqsiz;
97 
98 #define SLAVES 3		/* 1 slave writing, 1 reading, 1 for slack */
99 struct slave {
100 	int tapea;		/* header number at start of this chunk */
101 	int count;		/* count to next header (used for TS_TAPE */
102 				/* after EOT) */
103 	int inode;		/* inode that we are currently dealing with */
104 	int fd;			/* FD for this slave */
105 	int pid;		/* PID for this slave */
106 	int sent;		/* 1 == we've sent this slave requests */
107 	int firstrec;		/* record number of this block */
108 	char (*tblock)[TP_BSIZE]; /* buffer for data blocks */
109 	struct req *req;	/* buffer for requests */
110 } slaves[SLAVES+1];
111 struct slave *slp;
112 
113 char	(*nextblock)[TP_BSIZE];
114 
115 int master;		/* pid of master, for sending error signals */
116 int tenths;		/* length of tape used per block written */
117 static int caught;	/* have we caught the signal to proceed? */
118 static int ready;	/* have we reached the lock point without having */
119 			/* received the SIGUSR2 signal from the prev slave? */
120 static jmp_buf jmpbuf;	/* where to jump to if we are ready when the */
121 			/* SIGUSR2 arrives from the previous slave */
122 
123 int
124 alloctape(void)
125 {
126 	int pgoff = getpagesize() - 1;
127 	char *buf;
128 	int i;
129 
130 	writesize = ntrec * TP_BSIZE;
131 	reqsiz = (ntrec + 1) * sizeof(struct req);
132 	/*
133 	 * CDC 92181's and 92185's make 0.8" gaps in 1600-bpi start/stop mode
134 	 * (see DEC TU80 User's Guide).  The shorter gaps of 6250-bpi require
135 	 * repositioning after stopping, i.e, streaming mode, where the gap is
136 	 * variable, 0.30" to 0.45".  The gap is maximal when the tape stops.
137 	 */
138 	if (blocksperfile == 0 && !unlimited)
139 		tenths = writesize / density +
140 		    (cartridge ? 16 : density == 625 ? 5 : 8);
141 	/*
142 	 * Allocate tape buffer contiguous with the array of instruction
143 	 * packets, so flushtape() can write them together with one write().
144 	 * Align tape buffer on page boundary to speed up tape write().
145 	 */
146 	for (i = 0; i <= SLAVES; i++) {
147 		buf = (char *)
148 		    malloc((unsigned)(reqsiz + writesize + pgoff + TP_BSIZE));
149 		if (buf == NULL)
150 			return(0);
151 		slaves[i].tblock = (char (*)[TP_BSIZE])
152 		    (((long)&buf[ntrec + 1] + pgoff) &~ pgoff);
153 		slaves[i].req = (struct req *)slaves[i].tblock - ntrec - 1;
154 	}
155 	slp = &slaves[0];
156 	slp->count = 1;
157 	slp->tapea = 0;
158 	slp->firstrec = 0;
159 	nextblock = slp->tblock;
160 	return(1);
161 }
162 
163 void
164 writerec(const void *dp, int isspcl)
165 {
166 
167 	slp->req[trecno].dblk = (daddr_t)0;
168 	slp->req[trecno].count = 1;
169 	bcopy(dp, *(nextblock)++, sizeof (union u_spcl));
170 	if (isspcl)
171 		lastspclrec = spcl.c_tapea;
172 	trecno++;
173 	spcl.c_tapea++;
174 	if (trecno >= ntrec)
175 		flushtape();
176 }
177 
178 void
179 dumpblock(daddr_t blkno, int size)
180 {
181 	int avail, tpblks, dblkno;
182 
183 	dblkno = fsbtodb(sblock, blkno);
184 	tpblks = size >> tp_bshift;
185 	while ((avail = MIN(tpblks, ntrec - trecno)) > 0) {
186 		slp->req[trecno].dblk = dblkno;
187 		slp->req[trecno].count = avail;
188 		trecno += avail;
189 		spcl.c_tapea += avail;
190 		if (trecno >= ntrec)
191 			flushtape();
192 		dblkno += avail << (tp_bshift - dev_bshift);
193 		tpblks -= avail;
194 	}
195 }
196 
197 int	nogripe = 0;
198 
199 static void
200 tperror(int signo __unused)
201 {
202 
203 	if (pipeout) {
204 		msg("write error on %s\n", tape);
205 		quit("Cannot recover\n");
206 		/* NOTREACHED */
207 	}
208 	msg("write error %ld blocks into volume %d\n", blocksthisvol, tapeno);
209 	broadcast("DUMP WRITE ERROR!\n");
210 	if (!query("Do you want to restart?"))
211 		dumpabort(0);
212 	msg("Closing this volume.  Prepare to restart with new media;\n");
213 	msg("this dump volume will be rewritten.\n");
214 	killall();
215 	nogripe = 1;
216 	close_rewind();
217 	Exit(X_REWRITE);
218 }
219 
220 static void
221 sigpipe(int signo __unused)
222 {
223 
224 	quit("Broken pipe\n");
225 }
226 
227 static void
228 flushtape(void)
229 {
230 	int i, blks, got;
231 	long lastfirstrec;
232 
233 	int siz = (char *)nextblock - (char *)slp->req;
234 
235 	slp->req[trecno].count = 0;			/* Sentinel */
236 
237 	if (atomic_write(slp->fd, slp->req, siz) != siz)
238 		quit("error writing command pipe: %s\n", strerror(errno));
239 	slp->sent = 1; /* we sent a request, read the response later */
240 
241 	lastfirstrec = slp->firstrec;
242 
243 	if (++slp >= &slaves[SLAVES])
244 		slp = &slaves[0];
245 
246 	/* Read results back from next slave */
247 	if (slp->sent) {
248 		if (atomic_read(slp->fd, &got, sizeof got)
249 		    != sizeof got) {
250 			perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
251 			dumpabort(0);
252 		}
253 		slp->sent = 0;
254 
255 		/* Check for end of tape */
256 		if (got < writesize) {
257 			msg("End of tape detected\n");
258 
259 			/*
260 			 * Drain the results, don't care what the values were.
261 			 * If we read them here then trewind won't...
262 			 */
263 			for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++) {
264 				if (slaves[i].sent) {
265 					if (atomic_read(slaves[i].fd,
266 					    &got, sizeof got)
267 					    != sizeof got) {
268 						perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
269 						dumpabort(0);
270 					}
271 					slaves[i].sent = 0;
272 				}
273 			}
274 
275 			close_rewind();
276 			rollforward();
277 			return;
278 		}
279 	}
280 
281 	blks = 0;
282 	if (spcl.c_type != TS_END) {
283 		for (i = 0; i < spcl.c_count; i++)
284 			if (spcl.c_addr[i] != 0)
285 				blks++;
286 	}
287 	slp->count = lastspclrec + blks + 1 - spcl.c_tapea;
288 	slp->tapea = spcl.c_tapea;
289 	slp->firstrec = lastfirstrec + ntrec;
290 	slp->inode = curino;
291 	nextblock = slp->tblock;
292 	trecno = 0;
293 	asize += tenths;
294 	blockswritten += ntrec;
295 	blocksthisvol += ntrec;
296 	if (!pipeout && !unlimited && (blocksperfile ?
297 	    (blocksthisvol >= blocksperfile) : (asize > tsize))) {
298 		close_rewind();
299 		startnewtape(0);
300 	}
301 	timeest();
302 }
303 
304 void
305 trewind(void)
306 {
307 	struct stat sb;
308 	int f;
309 	int got;
310 
311 	for (f = 0; f < SLAVES; f++) {
312 		/*
313 		 * Drain the results, but unlike EOT we DO (or should) care
314 		 * what the return values were, since if we detect EOT after
315 		 * we think we've written the last blocks to the tape anyway,
316 		 * we have to replay those blocks with rollforward.
317 		 *
318 		 * fixme: punt for now.
319 		 */
320 		if (slaves[f].sent) {
321 			if (atomic_read(slaves[f].fd, &got, sizeof got)
322 			    != sizeof got) {
323 				perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
324 				dumpabort(0);
325 			}
326 			slaves[f].sent = 0;
327 			if (got != writesize) {
328 				msg("EOT detected in last 2 tape records!\n");
329 				msg("Use a longer tape, decrease the size estimate\n");
330 				quit("or use no size estimate at all.\n");
331 			}
332 		}
333 		close(slaves[f].fd);
334 	}
335 	while (wait(NULL) >= 0)	/* wait for any signals from slaves */
336 		/* void */;
337 
338 	if (pipeout)
339 		return;
340 
341 	msg("Closing %s\n", tape);
342 
343 #ifdef RDUMP
344 	if (host) {
345 		rmtclose();
346 		while (rmtopen(tape, 0) < 0)
347 			sleep(10);
348 		rmtclose();
349 		return;
350 	}
351 #endif
352 	if (fstat(tapefd, &sb) == 0 && S_ISFIFO(sb.st_mode)) {
353 		close(tapefd);
354 		return;
355 	}
356 	close(tapefd);
357 	while ((f = open(tape, 0)) < 0)
358 		sleep (10);
359 	close(f);
360 }
361 
362 void
363 close_rewind(void)
364 {
365 	time_t tstart_changevol, tend_changevol;
366 
367 	trewind();
368 	if (nexttape)
369 		return;
370 	time((time_t *)&(tstart_changevol));
371 	if (!nogripe) {
372 		msg("Change Volumes: Mount volume #%d\n", tapeno+1);
373 		broadcast("CHANGE DUMP VOLUMES!\a\a\n");
374 	}
375 	while (!query("Is the new volume mounted and ready to go?"))
376 		if (query("Do you want to abort?")) {
377 			dumpabort(0);
378 			/*NOTREACHED*/
379 		}
380 	time((time_t *)&(tend_changevol));
381 	if ((tstart_changevol != (time_t)-1) && (tend_changevol != (time_t)-1))
382 		tstart_writing += (tend_changevol - tstart_changevol);
383 }
384 
385 void
386 rollforward(void)
387 {
388 	struct req *p, *q, *prev;
389 	struct slave *tslp;
390 	int i, size, savedtapea, got;
391 	union u_spcl *ntb, *otb;
392 	tslp = &slaves[SLAVES];
393 	ntb = (union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock[1];
394 
395 	/*
396 	 * Each of the N slaves should have requests that need to
397 	 * be replayed on the next tape.  Use the extra slave buffers
398 	 * (slaves[SLAVES]) to construct request lists to be sent to
399 	 * each slave in turn.
400 	 */
401 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++) {
402 		q = &tslp->req[1];
403 		otb = (union u_spcl *)slp->tblock;
404 
405 		/*
406 		 * For each request in the current slave, copy it to tslp.
407 		 */
408 
409 		prev = NULL;
410 		for (p = slp->req; p->count > 0; p += p->count) {
411 			*q = *p;
412 			if (p->dblk == 0)
413 				*ntb++ = *otb++; /* copy the datablock also */
414 			prev = q;
415 			q += q->count;
416 		}
417 		if (prev == NULL)
418 			quit("rollforward: protocol botch");
419 		if (prev->dblk != 0)
420 			prev->count -= 1;
421 		else
422 			ntb--;
423 		q -= 1;
424 		q->count = 0;
425 		q = &tslp->req[0];
426 		if (i == 0) {
427 			q->dblk = 0;
428 			q->count = 1;
429 			trecno = 0;
430 			nextblock = tslp->tblock;
431 			savedtapea = spcl.c_tapea;
432 			spcl.c_tapea = slp->tapea;
433 			startnewtape(0);
434 			spcl.c_tapea = savedtapea;
435 			lastspclrec = savedtapea - 1;
436 		}
437 		size = (char *)ntb - (char *)q;
438 		if (atomic_write(slp->fd, q, size) != size) {
439 			perror("  DUMP: error writing command pipe");
440 			dumpabort(0);
441 		}
442 		slp->sent = 1;
443 		if (++slp >= &slaves[SLAVES])
444 			slp = &slaves[0];
445 
446 		q->count = 1;
447 
448 		if (prev->dblk != 0) {
449 			/*
450 			 * If the last one was a disk block, make the
451 			 * first of this one be the last bit of that disk
452 			 * block...
453 			 */
454 			q->dblk = prev->dblk +
455 				prev->count * (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE);
456 			ntb = (union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock;
457 		} else {
458 			/*
459 			 * It wasn't a disk block.  Copy the data to its
460 			 * new location in the buffer.
461 			 */
462 			q->dblk = 0;
463 			*((union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock) = *ntb;
464 			ntb = (union u_spcl *)tslp->tblock[1];
465 		}
466 	}
467 	slp->req[0] = *q;
468 	nextblock = slp->tblock;
469 	if (q->dblk == 0)
470 		nextblock++;
471 	trecno = 1;
472 
473 	/*
474 	 * Clear the first slaves' response.  One hopes that it
475 	 * worked ok, otherwise the tape is much too short!
476 	 */
477 	if (slp->sent) {
478 		if (atomic_read(slp->fd, &got, sizeof got)
479 		    != sizeof got) {
480 			perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
481 			dumpabort(0);
482 		}
483 		slp->sent = 0;
484 
485 		if (got != writesize) {
486 			quit("EOT detected at start of the tape!\n");
487 		}
488 	}
489 }
490 
491 /*
492  * We implement taking and restoring checkpoints on the tape level.
493  * When each tape is opened, a new process is created by forking; this
494  * saves all of the necessary context in the parent.  The child
495  * continues the dump; the parent waits around, saving the context.
496  * If the child returns X_REWRITE, then it had problems writing that tape;
497  * this causes the parent to fork again, duplicating the context, and
498  * everything continues as if nothing had happened.
499  */
500 void
501 startnewtape(int top)
502 {
503 	int	parentpid;
504 	int	childpid;
505 	int	status;
506 	int	wait_pid;
507 	char	*p;
508 #ifdef sunos
509 	void	(*interrupt_save)();
510 #else
511 	sig_t	interrupt_save;
512 #endif
513 
514 	interrupt_save = signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
515 	parentpid = getpid();
516 
517 restore_check_point:
518 	signal(SIGINT, interrupt_save);
519 	/*
520 	 *	All signals are inherited...
521 	 */
522 	setproctitle(NULL);	/* Restore the proctitle. */
523 	childpid = fork();
524 	if (childpid < 0) {
525 		msg("Context save fork fails in parent %d\n", parentpid);
526 		Exit(X_ABORT);
527 	}
528 	if (childpid != 0) {
529 		/*
530 		 *	PARENT:
531 		 *	save the context by waiting
532 		 *	until the child doing all of the work returns.
533 		 *	don't catch the interrupt
534 		 */
535 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
536 #ifdef TDEBUG
537 		msg("Tape: %d; parent process: %d child process %d\n",
538 			tapeno+1, parentpid, childpid);
539 #endif /* TDEBUG */
540 		while ((wait_pid = wait(&status)) != childpid)
541 			msg("Parent %d waiting for child %d has another child %d return\n",
542 				parentpid, childpid, wait_pid);
543 		if (status & 0xFF) {
544 			msg("Child %d returns LOB status %o\n",
545 				childpid, status&0xFF);
546 		}
547 		status = (status >> 8) & 0xFF;
548 #ifdef TDEBUG
549 		switch(status) {
550 			case X_FINOK:
551 				msg("Child %d finishes X_FINOK\n", childpid);
552 				break;
553 			case X_ABORT:
554 				msg("Child %d finishes X_ABORT\n", childpid);
555 				break;
556 			case X_REWRITE:
557 				msg("Child %d finishes X_REWRITE\n", childpid);
558 				break;
559 			default:
560 				msg("Child %d finishes unknown %d\n",
561 					childpid, status);
562 				break;
563 		}
564 #endif /* TDEBUG */
565 		switch(status) {
566 			case X_FINOK:
567 				Exit(X_FINOK);
568 			case X_ABORT:
569 				Exit(X_ABORT);
570 			case X_REWRITE:
571 				goto restore_check_point;
572 			default:
573 				msg("Bad return code from dump: %d\n", status);
574 				Exit(X_ABORT);
575 		}
576 		/*NOTREACHED*/
577 	} else {	/* we are the child; just continue */
578 #ifdef TDEBUG
579 		sleep(4);	/* allow time for parent's message to get out */
580 		msg("Child on Tape %d has parent %d, my pid = %d\n",
581 			tapeno+1, parentpid, getpid());
582 #endif /* TDEBUG */
583 		/*
584 		 * If we have a name like "/dev/rmt0,/dev/rmt1",
585 		 * use the name before the comma first, and save
586 		 * the remaining names for subsequent volumes.
587 		 */
588 		tapeno++;               /* current tape sequence */
589 		if (nexttape || strchr(tape, ',')) {
590 			if (nexttape && *nexttape)
591 				tape = nexttape;
592 			if ((p = strchr(tape, ',')) != NULL) {
593 				*p = '\0';
594 				nexttape = p + 1;
595 			} else
596 				nexttape = NULL;
597 			msg("Dumping volume %d on %s\n", tapeno, tape);
598 		}
599 #ifdef RDUMP
600 		while ((tapefd = (host ? rmtopen(tape, 2) :
601 			pipeout ? 1 : open(tape, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666))) < 0)
602 #else
603 		while ((tapefd = (pipeout ? 1 :
604 				  open(tape, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666))) < 0)
605 #endif
606 		    {
607 			msg("Cannot open output \"%s\".\n", tape);
608 			if (!query("Do you want to retry the open?"))
609 				dumpabort(0);
610 		}
611 
612 		enslave();  /* Share open tape file descriptor with slaves */
613 		signal(SIGINFO, infosch);
614 
615 		asize = 0;
616 		blocksthisvol = 0;
617 		if (top)
618 			newtape++;		/* new tape signal */
619 		spcl.c_count = slp->count;
620 		/*
621 		 * measure firstrec in TP_BSIZE units since restore doesn't
622 		 * know the correct ntrec value...
623 		 */
624 		spcl.c_firstrec = slp->firstrec;
625 		spcl.c_volume++;
626 		spcl.c_type = TS_TAPE;
627 		spcl.c_flags |= DR_NEWHEADER;
628 		writeheader((ufs1_ino_t)slp->inode);
629 		spcl.c_flags &=~ DR_NEWHEADER;
630 		if (tapeno > 1)
631 			msg("Volume %d begins with blocks from inode %d\n",
632 				tapeno, slp->inode);
633 	}
634 }
635 
636 void
637 dumpabort(int signo __unused)
638 {
639 
640 	if (master != 0 && master != getpid())
641 		/* Signals master to call dumpabort */
642 		kill(master, SIGTERM);
643 	else {
644 		killall();
645 		msg("The ENTIRE dump is aborted.\n");
646 	}
647 #ifdef RDUMP
648 	rmtclose();
649 #endif
650 	Exit(X_ABORT);
651 }
652 
653 void
654 Exit(int status)
655 {
656 
657 #ifdef TDEBUG
658 	msg("pid = %d exits with status %d\n", getpid(), status);
659 #endif /* TDEBUG */
660 	exit(status);
661 }
662 
663 /*
664  * proceed - handler for SIGUSR2, used to synchronize IO between the slaves.
665  */
666 static void
667 proceed(int signo __unused)
668 {
669 
670 	if (ready)
671 		longjmp(jmpbuf, 1);
672 	caught++;
673 }
674 
675 static void
676 enslave(void)
677 {
678 	int cmd[2];
679 	int i, j;
680 
681 	master = getpid();
682 
683 	signal(SIGTERM, dumpabort);  /* Slave sends SIGTERM on dumpabort() */
684 	signal(SIGPIPE, sigpipe);
685 	signal(SIGUSR1, tperror);    /* Slave sends SIGUSR1 on tape errors */
686 	signal(SIGUSR2, proceed);    /* Slave sends SIGUSR2 to next slave */
687 
688 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++) {
689 		if (i == slp - &slaves[0]) {
690 			caught = 1;
691 		} else {
692 			caught = 0;
693 		}
694 
695 		if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, cmd) < 0 ||
696 		    (slaves[i].pid = fork()) < 0)
697 			quit("too many slaves, %d (recompile smaller): %s\n",
698 			    i, strerror(errno));
699 
700 		slaves[i].fd = cmd[1];
701 		slaves[i].sent = 0;
702 		if (slaves[i].pid == 0) { 	    /* Slave starts up here */
703 			for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
704 			        close(slaves[j].fd);
705 			signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);    /* Master handles this */
706 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
707 			doslave(cmd[0], i);
708 #else
709 			doslave(cmd[0]);
710 #endif
711 			Exit(X_FINOK);
712 		}
713 	}
714 
715 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++)
716 		atomic_write(slaves[i].fd, &slaves[(i + 1) % SLAVES].pid,
717 		    sizeof slaves[0].pid);
718 
719 	master = 0;
720 }
721 
722 void
723 killall(void)
724 {
725 	int i;
726 
727 	for (i = 0; i < SLAVES; i++)
728 		if (slaves[i].pid > 0) {
729 			kill(slaves[i].pid, SIGKILL);
730 			slaves[i].sent = 0;
731 		}
732 }
733 
734 /*
735  * Synchronization - each process has a lockfile, and shares file
736  * descriptors to the following process's lockfile.  When our write
737  * completes, we release our lock on the following process's lock-
738  * file, allowing the following process to lock it and proceed. We
739  * get the lock back for the next cycle by swapping descriptors.
740  */
741 static void
742 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
743 doslave(int cmd, int slave_number)
744 #else
745 doslave(int cmd)
746 #endif
747 {
748 	int nread;
749 	int nextslave, size, wrote, eot_count;
750 
751 	/*
752 	 * Need our own seek pointer.
753 	 */
754 	close(diskfd);
755 	if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
756 		quit("slave couldn't reopen disk: %s\n", strerror(errno));
757 
758 	/*
759 	 * Need the pid of the next slave in the loop...
760 	 */
761 	if ((nread = atomic_read(cmd, &nextslave, sizeof nextslave))
762 	    != sizeof nextslave) {
763 		quit("master/slave protocol botched - didn't get pid of next slave.\n");
764 	}
765 
766 	/*
767 	 * Get list of blocks to dump, read the blocks into tape buffer
768 	 */
769 	while ((nread = atomic_read(cmd, slp->req, reqsiz)) == reqsiz) {
770 		struct req *p = slp->req;
771 
772 		for (trecno = 0; trecno < ntrec;
773 		     trecno += p->count, p += p->count) {
774 			if (p->dblk) {
775 				bread(p->dblk, slp->tblock[trecno],
776 					p->count * TP_BSIZE);
777 			} else {
778 				if (p->count != 1 ||
779 				    atomic_read(cmd, slp->tblock[trecno],
780 				    TP_BSIZE) != TP_BSIZE)
781 				       quit("master/slave protocol botched.\n");
782 			}
783 		}
784 		if (setjmp(jmpbuf) == 0) {
785 			ready = 1;
786 			if (!caught)
787 				pause();
788 		}
789 		ready = 0;
790 		caught = 0;
791 
792 		/* Try to write the data... */
793 		eot_count = 0;
794 		size = 0;
795 		wrote = 0;
796 
797 		while (eot_count < 10 && size < writesize) {
798 #ifdef RDUMP
799 			if (host)
800 				wrote = rmtwrite(slp->tblock[0]+size,
801 				    writesize-size);
802 			else
803 #endif
804 				wrote = write(tapefd, slp->tblock[0]+size,
805 				    writesize-size);
806 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
807 			printf("slave %d wrote %d\n", slave_number, wrote);
808 #endif
809 			if (wrote < 0)
810 				break;
811 			if (wrote == 0)
812 				eot_count++;
813 			size += wrote;
814 		}
815 
816 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
817 		if (size != writesize)
818 		 printf("slave %d only wrote %d out of %d bytes and gave up.\n",
819 		     slave_number, size, writesize);
820 #endif
821 
822 		/*
823 		 * Handle ENOSPC as an EOT condition.
824 		 */
825 		if (wrote < 0 && errno == ENOSPC) {
826 			wrote = 0;
827 			eot_count++;
828 		}
829 
830 		if (eot_count > 0)
831 			size = 0;
832 
833 		if (wrote < 0) {
834 			kill(master, SIGUSR1);
835 			for (;;)
836 				sigpause(0);
837 		} else {
838 			/*
839 			 * pass size of write back to master
840 			 * (for EOT handling)
841 			 */
842 			atomic_write(cmd, &size, sizeof size);
843 		}
844 
845 		/*
846 		 * If partial write, don't want next slave to go.
847 		 * Also jolts him awake.
848 		 */
849 		kill(nextslave, SIGUSR2);
850 	}
851 	if (nread != 0)
852 		quit("error reading command pipe: %s\n", strerror(errno));
853 }
854 
855 static int
856 atomic_read(int fd, void *buf, int count)
857 {
858 	int got, need = count;
859 
860 	while ((got = read(fd, buf, need)) > 0 && (need -= got) > 0)
861 		buf = (uint8_t *)buf + got;
862 	return (got < 0 ? got : count - need);
863 }
864 
865 static int
866 atomic_write(int fd, const void *buf, int count)
867 {
868 	int got, need = count;
869 
870 	while ((got = write(fd, buf, need)) > 0 && (need -= got) > 0)
871 		buf = (const uint8_t *)buf + got;
872 	return (got < 0 ? got : count - need);
873 }
874