xref: /dragonfly/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/boot.c (revision ae071d8d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1997 Wolfgang Solfrank
3  * Copyright (c) 1995 Martin Husemann
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by Martin Husemann
16  *	and Wolfgang Solfrank.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
26  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
27  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
28  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
29  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
30  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  * $NetBSD: boot.c,v 1.5 1997/10/17 11:19:23 ws Exp $
33  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/boot.c,v 1.1.2.1 2001/08/01 05:47:55 obrien Exp $
34  */
35 
36 #include <stdlib.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <ctype.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>
41 
42 #include "ext.h"
43 #include "fsutil.h"
44 
45 int
46 readboot(int dosfs, struct bootblock *boot)
47 {
48 	u_char block[DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
49 	u_char fsinfo[2 * DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
50 	u_char backup[DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
51 	int ret = FSOK;
52 
53 	if (read(dosfs, block, sizeof block) < sizeof block) {
54 		perror("could not read boot block");
55 		return FSFATAL;
56 	}
57 
58 	if (block[510] != 0x55 || block[511] != 0xaa) {
59 		pfatal("Invalid signature in boot block: %02x%02x", block[511], block[510]);
60 		return FSFATAL;
61 	}
62 
63 	memset(boot, 0, sizeof *boot);
64 	boot->ValidFat = -1;
65 
66 	/* decode bios parameter block */
67 	boot->BytesPerSec = block[11] + (block[12] << 8);
68 	boot->SecPerClust = block[13];
69 	boot->ResSectors = block[14] + (block[15] << 8);
70 	boot->FATs = block[16];
71 	boot->RootDirEnts = block[17] + (block[18] << 8);
72 	boot->Sectors = block[19] + (block[20] << 8);
73 	boot->Media = block[21];
74 	boot->FATsmall = block[22] + (block[23] << 8);
75 	boot->SecPerTrack = block[24] + (block[25] << 8);
76 	boot->Heads = block[26] + (block[27] << 8);
77 	boot->HiddenSecs = block[28] + (block[29] << 8) + (block[30] << 16) + (block[31] << 24);
78 	boot->HugeSectors = block[32] + (block[33] << 8) + (block[34] << 16) + (block[35] << 24);
79 
80 	boot->FATsecs = boot->FATsmall;
81 
82 	if (!boot->RootDirEnts)
83 		boot->flags |= FAT32;
84 	if (boot->flags & FAT32) {
85 		boot->FATsecs = block[36] + (block[37] << 8)
86 				+ (block[38] << 16) + (block[39] << 24);
87 		if (block[40] & 0x80)
88 			boot->ValidFat = block[40] & 0x0f;
89 
90 		/* check version number: */
91 		if (block[42] || block[43]) {
92 			/* Correct?				XXX */
93 			pfatal("Unknown filesystem version: %x.%x",
94 			       block[43], block[42]);
95 			return FSFATAL;
96 		}
97 		boot->RootCl = block[44] + (block[45] << 8)
98 			       + (block[46] << 16) + (block[47] << 24);
99 		boot->FSInfo = block[48] + (block[49] << 8);
100 		boot->Backup = block[50] + (block[51] << 8);
101 
102 		if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
103 		    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
104 		    || read(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo)
105 		    != sizeof fsinfo) {
106 			perror("could not read fsinfo block");
107 			return FSFATAL;
108 		}
109 		if (memcmp(fsinfo, "RRaA", 4)
110 		    || memcmp(fsinfo + 0x1e4, "rrAa", 4)
111 		    || fsinfo[0x1fc]
112 		    || fsinfo[0x1fd]
113 		    || fsinfo[0x1fe] != 0x55
114 		    || fsinfo[0x1ff] != 0xaa
115 		    || fsinfo[0x3fc]
116 		    || fsinfo[0x3fd]
117 		    || fsinfo[0x3fe] != 0x55
118 		    || fsinfo[0x3ff] != 0xaa) {
119 			pwarn("Invalid signature in fsinfo block");
120 			if (ask(0, "fix")) {
121 				memcpy(fsinfo, "RRaA", 4);
122 				memcpy(fsinfo + 0x1e4, "rrAa", 4);
123 				fsinfo[0x1fc] = fsinfo[0x1fd] = 0;
124 				fsinfo[0x1fe] = 0x55;
125 				fsinfo[0x1ff] = 0xaa;
126 				fsinfo[0x3fc] = fsinfo[0x3fd] = 0;
127 				fsinfo[0x3fe] = 0x55;
128 				fsinfo[0x3ff] = 0xaa;
129 				if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
130 				    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
131 				    || write(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo)
132 				    != sizeof fsinfo) {
133 					perror("Unable to write FSInfo");
134 					return FSFATAL;
135 				}
136 				ret = FSBOOTMOD;
137 			} else
138 				boot->FSInfo = 0;
139 		}
140 		if (boot->FSInfo) {
141 			boot->FSFree = fsinfo[0x1e8] + (fsinfo[0x1e9] << 8)
142 				       + (fsinfo[0x1ea] << 16)
143 				       + (fsinfo[0x1eb] << 24);
144 			boot->FSNext = fsinfo[0x1ec] + (fsinfo[0x1ed] << 8)
145 				       + (fsinfo[0x1ee] << 16)
146 				       + (fsinfo[0x1ef] << 24);
147 		}
148 
149 		if (lseek(dosfs, boot->Backup * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
150 		    != boot->Backup * boot->BytesPerSec
151 		    || read(dosfs, backup, sizeof backup) != sizeof  backup) {
152 			perror("could not read backup bootblock");
153 			return FSFATAL;
154 		}
155 		if (memcmp(block, backup, DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE)) {
156 			/* Correct?					XXX */
157 			pfatal("backup doesn't compare to primary bootblock");
158 			return FSFATAL;
159 		}
160 		/* Check backup FSInfo?					XXX */
161 	}
162 
163 	boot->ClusterOffset = (boot->RootDirEnts * 32 + boot->BytesPerSec - 1)
164 	    / boot->BytesPerSec
165 	    + boot->ResSectors
166 	    + boot->FATs * boot->FATsecs
167 	    - CLUST_FIRST * boot->SecPerClust;
168 
169 	if (boot->BytesPerSec % DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE != 0) {
170 		pfatal("Invalid sector size: %u", boot->BytesPerSec);
171 		return FSFATAL;
172 	}
173 	if (boot->SecPerClust == 0) {
174 		pfatal("Invalid cluster size: %u", boot->SecPerClust);
175 		return FSFATAL;
176 	}
177 	if (boot->Sectors) {
178 		boot->HugeSectors = 0;
179 		boot->NumSectors = boot->Sectors;
180 	} else
181 		boot->NumSectors = boot->HugeSectors;
182 	boot->NumClusters = (boot->NumSectors - boot->ClusterOffset) / boot->SecPerClust;
183 
184 	if (boot->flags&FAT32)
185 		boot->ClustMask = CLUST32_MASK;
186 	else if (boot->NumClusters < (CLUST_RSRVD&CLUST12_MASK))
187 		boot->ClustMask = CLUST12_MASK;
188 	else if (boot->NumClusters < (CLUST_RSRVD&CLUST16_MASK))
189 		boot->ClustMask = CLUST16_MASK;
190 	else {
191 		pfatal("Filesystem too big (%u clusters) for non-FAT32 partition",
192 		       boot->NumClusters);
193 		return FSFATAL;
194 	}
195 
196 	switch (boot->ClustMask) {
197 	case CLUST32_MASK:
198 		boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) / 4;
199 		break;
200 	case CLUST16_MASK:
201 		boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) / 2;
202 		break;
203 	default:
204 		boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec * 2) / 3;
205 		break;
206 	}
207 
208 	if (boot->NumFatEntries < boot->NumClusters) {
209 		pfatal("FAT size too small, %u entries won't fit into %u sectors\n",
210 		       boot->NumClusters, boot->FATsecs);
211 		return FSFATAL;
212 	}
213 	boot->ClusterSize = boot->BytesPerSec * boot->SecPerClust;
214 
215 	boot->NumFiles = 1;
216 	boot->NumFree = 0;
217 
218 	return ret;
219 }
220 
221 int
222 writefsinfo(int dosfs, struct bootblock *boot)
223 {
224 	u_char fsinfo[2 * DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
225 
226 	if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
227 	    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
228 	    || read(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo) != sizeof fsinfo) {
229 		perror("could not read fsinfo block");
230 		return FSFATAL;
231 	}
232 	fsinfo[0x1e8] = (u_char)boot->FSFree;
233 	fsinfo[0x1e9] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 8);
234 	fsinfo[0x1ea] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 16);
235 	fsinfo[0x1eb] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 24);
236 	fsinfo[0x1ec] = (u_char)boot->FSNext;
237 	fsinfo[0x1ed] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 8);
238 	fsinfo[0x1ee] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 16);
239 	fsinfo[0x1ef] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 24);
240 	if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
241 	    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
242 	    || write(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo)
243 	    != sizeof fsinfo) {
244 		perror("Unable to write FSInfo");
245 		return FSFATAL;
246 	}
247 	/*
248 	 * Technically, we should return FSBOOTMOD here.
249 	 *
250 	 * However, since Win95 OSR2 (the first M$ OS that has
251 	 * support for FAT32) doesn't maintain the FSINFO block
252 	 * correctly, it has to be fixed pretty often.
253 	 *
254 	 * Therefor, we handle the FSINFO block only informally,
255 	 * fixing it if neccessary, but otherwise ignoring the
256 	 * fact that it was incorrect.
257 	 */
258 	return 0;
259 }
260