1.\" $NetBSD: newbtconf.8,v 1.18 2004/08/31 17:08:06 uwe Exp $ 2.\" $DragonFly: src/sbin/newbtconf/newbtconf.8,v 1.5 2008/02/17 19:51:53 swildner Exp $ 3.\" 4.\" Copyright (c) 1999 Darren Reed. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the author nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.Dd January 6, 2003 31.Dt NEWBTCONF 8 32.Os 33.Sh NAME 34.Nm newbtconf 35.Nd multiple boot-up configurations 36.Sh SYNOPSIS 37.Nm 38.Ar new-conf-name 39.Op Ar orig-conf-name 40.Nm 41.Cm init 42.Nm 43.Cm revert 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Nm 46is used to set up the system in such a way that the user is offered a 47selection of environments in which to boot the system up into. 48The most obvious application being for laptops to provide a network 49and non-network environment after a successful boot into multi-user mode. 50.Ss Background 51In order to accomplish this task, the files usually associated with 52establishing the current system's running configuration are replaced with 53symbolic links which are adjusted with each boot to point to the appropriate 54file for the desired run-time environment. 55This is accomplished by directing all of the symbolic links through a 56directory which itself is a symbolic link 57.Pq Pa /etc/etc.current , 58to the destination files. 59At each bootup, the selection made changes which directory 60.Pa /etc/etc.current 61points to. 62.Pp 63Through doing this and reloading 64.Pa /etc/rc.conf 65in 66.Pa /etc/rc 67after the link has 68been established, the resulting run-time configuration is effectively 69controlled without the need to directly edit any files. 70The default boot-up environment is selected by manually directing which 71configuration directory 72.Pa /etc/etc.default 73points to. 74As opposed to 75.Pa /etc/etc.current 76(which is updated 77with every boot), 78.Pa /etc/etc.default 79is not automatically updated. 80.Ss Getting Started 81By default, 82.Dx 83only has one boot-up configuration - that set in the 84file 85.Pa /etc/rc.conf . 86In order to initialize the system for operating in a 87manner which supports multiple boot configurations, 88.Nm 89must be run with an argument of 90.Sq init . 91This will create two symbolic links 92.Pa /etc/etc.current 93and 94.Pa /etc/etc.default 95to the directory 96.Pa /etc/etc.network . 97The following files are all moved into 98that directory and symbolic links put in their place, in 99.Pa /etc , 100pointing to 101.Pa /etc/etc.current/\*[Lt]filename\*[Gt] : 102.Bd -literal -offset indent 103/etc/defaultdomain 104/etc/dntpd.conf 105/etc/fstab 106/etc/ifconfig.* 107/etc/inetd.conf 108/etc/mrouted.conf 109/etc/mygate 110/etc/myname 111/etc/netstart 112/etc/nsswitch.conf 113/etc/rc.conf 114/etc/rc.conf.d 115/etc/resolv.conf 116.Ed 117.Pp 118To test that this has been performed correctly, reboot your system into 119.Dx . 120After the kernel has autoconfigured and tty flags have been set, 121a prompt should appear, preceded by the following like, looking like this: 122.Bd -literal 123[network] 124Which configuration [network] ? 125.Ed 126.Pp 127The []'s are used to indicate the default configuration, which can be 128selected by just pressing return. 129If there were other configurations available at this stage, you would 130have 30 seconds to enter that name and press 131.Sy RETURN . 132.Ss Multiple Configurations 133Once an initial configuration has been set up, we can proceed to set up further 134run time environments. 135This is done by invoking 136.Nm 137with the name of the new configuration to be created. 138By default, this step 139will use the current configuration files as the basis for this setup unless 140a second parameter is given - that of the configuration to use as the basis 141for the new one. 142Upon completion, a new directory, 143.Pa /etc/etc.\*[Lt]newname\*[Gt] , 144will have been created, 145priming the directory with the appropriate files for editing. 146For example, if we do 147.Nm 148.Ar nonet network 149it would create a directory named 150.Pa /etc/etc.nonet 151and copy all the files from 152.Pa /etc/etc.network 153into that directory. 154Upon rebooting, we should see: 155.Bd -literal 156[network] nonet 157Which configuration [network] ? 158.Ed 159.Pp 160To set up the system for booting into the 161.Dq nonet 162configuration, the files in 163.Pa /etc/etc.nonet 164need be edited. 165.Pp 166If you wanted to make 167.Dq nonet 168the default configuration when booting, you 169would need delete the symbolic link 170.Pa /etc/etc.default 171and create a new symbolic link (with the same name) to 172.Pa /etc/etc.nonet . 173Booting up after having made such a change would 174result in the following being displayed: 175.Bd -literal 176network [nonet] 177Which configuration [nonet] ? 178.Ed 179.Ss \&No Network 180Assuming that we performed the above command successfully, in order to 181successfully configure 182.Dx 183to not configure interfaces (or generate no 184errors from attempting to do so), the following settings (at least) should 185be used in 186.Pa /etc/etc.nonet/rc.conf : 187.Bd -literal 188auto_ifconfig=NO 189net_interfaces=NO 190.Ed 191.Pp 192Of course other networking services, such as NTP, routed, etc, are all 193expected to be 194.Dq NO . 195In general, the only setting that should be 196.Dq YES 197is syslogd, and perhaps cron (if your cron scripts don't 198need the network) or screenblank/wscons (if applicable). 199Other actions such as deleting any NFS mounts from 200.Pa /etc/etc.nonet/fstab 201would also need to be undertaken. 202.Ss Reverting multiple boot configurations 203Multiple boot configurations can be deactivated by running 204.Nm 205with an argument of 206.Cm revert . 207All the symlinks mentioned above are then removed and the files they point to 208are copied to their default place. 209This effectively makes the currently selected 210configuration the only one active. 211The symbolic links 212.Pa /etc/etc.current 213and 214.Pa /etc/etc.default 215are also removed so upon rebooting no configuration selection menu is 216displayed. 217Note that the previously created configurations (in 218.Pa /etc/etc.\*[Lt]name\*[Gt] ) 219are not removed. 220.Sh FILES 221.Bl -tag -width /etc/mrouted.current -compact 222.It Pa /etc/etc.current 223Symbolic link to current config directory. 224.It Pa /etc/etc.default 225Symbolic link to default config directory. 226.Pp 227.It Pa /etc/defaultdomain 228These files all become symbolic links. 229.It Pa /etc/dntpd.conf 230.It Pa /etc/fstab 231.It Pa /etc/ifconfig.* 232.It Pa /etc/inetd.conf 233.It Pa /etc/mrouted.conf 234.It Pa /etc/mygate 235.It Pa /etc/myname 236.It Pa /etc/netstart 237.It Pa /etc/nsswitch.conf 238.It Pa /etc/rc.conf 239.It Pa /etc/rc.conf.d 240.It Pa /etc/resolv.conf 241.El 242.Sh SEE ALSO 243.Xr rc.conf 5 , 244.Xr rc 8 245.Sh HISTORY 246The 247.Nm 248program first appeared in 249.Nx 1.5 . 250.Sh AUTHORS 251.An -nosplit 252This shell script was written by 253.An Darren Reed 254.Aq darrenr@NetBSD.org 255with initial input from 256.An Matthew Green 257.Aq mrg@NetBSD.org 258on how to approach this problem. 259.Sh BUGS 260It presently does not display a count down timer whilst waiting for input 261to select which configuration and nor does it abort said timer when a key 262is first pressed. 263.Pp 264The management of the overall collection of multiple configurations is much 265more manual than it ought to be. 266A general system configuration tool needs to be written to ease their 267management. 268