xref: /dragonfly/sbin/newfs/newfs.c (revision a32bc35d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
34  * @(#)newfs.c	8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
35  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs/newfs.c,v 1.30.2.9 2003/05/13 12:03:55 joerg Exp $
36  */
37 
38 /*
39  * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
40  */
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/stat.h>
43 #include <sys/diskslice.h>
44 #include <sys/file.h>
45 #include <sys/mount.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
47 
48 #include <vfs/ufs/dir.h>
49 #include <vfs/ufs/dinode.h>
50 #include <vfs/ufs/fs.h>
51 #include <vfs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
52 
53 #include <ctype.h>
54 #include <err.h>
55 #include <errno.h>
56 #include <mntopts.h>
57 #include <inttypes.h>
58 #include <paths.h>
59 #include <stdio.h>
60 #include <stdlib.h>
61 #include <string.h>
62 #include <syslog.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <disktab.h>
65 
66 #ifdef MFS
67 #include <sys/types.h>
68 #include <sys/mman.h>
69 #endif
70 
71 #include <stdarg.h>
72 
73 #include "defs.h"
74 
75 struct mntopt mopts[] = {
76 	MOPT_STDOPTS,
77 	MOPT_ASYNC,
78 	MOPT_NULL,
79 };
80 
81 void	fatal(const char *fmt, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
82 
83 #define	COMPAT			/* allow non-labeled disks */
84 
85 /*
86  * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
87  * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
88  *	MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
89  *	sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
90  *	DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
91  */
92 #define	DFL_FRAGSIZE	2048
93 #define	DFL_BLKSIZE	16384
94 
95 /*
96  * Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
97  * number used depends upon how much information can be stored
98  * on a single cylinder. The default is to use as many as possible
99  * cylinders per group.
100  */
101 #define	DESCPG		65536	/* desired fs_cpg ("infinity") */
102 
103 /*
104  * Once upon a time...
105  *    ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
106  *    another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
107  *    determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
108  *    within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 4ms.
109  *
110  * ...but now we make this 0 to disable the rotdelay delay because
111  * modern drives with read/write-behind achieve higher performance
112  * without the delay.
113  */
114 #define ROTDELAY	0
115 
116 /*
117  * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
118  * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
119  * block worth of data blocks.
120  */
121 #define MAXBLKPG(bsize)	((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))
122 
123 /*
124  * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
125  * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
126  * to be far more than we will ever need.
127  */
128 #define	NFPI		4
129 
130 /*
131  * Once upon a time...
132  *    For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
133  *    rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
134  *    up with minimum rotational latency.  NRPOS is the default number of
135  *    rotational positions that we distinguish.  With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
136  *    of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.
137  *
138  * ...but now we make this 1 (which essentially disables the rotational
139  * position table because modern drives with read-ahead and write-behind do
140  * better without the rotational position table.
141  */
142 #define	NRPOS		1	/* number distinct rotational positions */
143 
144 /*
145  * About the same time as the above, we knew what went where on the disks.
146  * no longer so, so kill the code which finds the different platters too...
147  * We do this by saying one head, with a lot of sectors on it.
148  * The number of sectors are used to determine the size of a cyl-group.
149  * Kirk suggested one or two meg per "cylinder" so we say two.
150  */
151 #define NTRACKS		1	/* number of heads */
152 #define NSECTORS	4096	/* number of sectors */
153 
154 int	mfs;			/* run as the memory based filesystem */
155 char	*mfs_mtpt;		/* mount point for mfs		*/
156 struct stat mfs_mtstat;		/* stat prior to mount		*/
157 int	Lflag;			/* add a volume label */
158 int	Nflag;			/* run without writing file system */
159 int	Oflag;			/* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
160 int	Cflag;			/* copy underlying filesystem (mfs only) */
161 int	Uflag;			/* enable soft updates for file system */
162 int	Eflag;			/* erase contents using TRIM */
163 uint64_t slice_offset;		/* Pysical device slice offset */
164 u_long	fssize;			/* file system size */
165 int	ntracks = NTRACKS;	/* # tracks/cylinder */
166 int	nsectors = NSECTORS;	/* # sectors/track */
167 int	nphyssectors;		/* # sectors/track including spares */
168 int	secpercyl;		/* sectors per cylinder */
169 int	trackspares = -1;	/* spare sectors per track */
170 int	cylspares = -1;		/* spare sectors per cylinder */
171 int	sectorsize;		/* bytes/sector */
172 int	realsectorsize;		/* bytes/sector in hardware */
173 int	rpm;			/* revolutions/minute of drive */
174 int	interleave;		/* hardware sector interleave */
175 int	trackskew = -1;		/* sector 0 skew, per track */
176 int	headswitch;		/* head switch time, usec */
177 int	trackseek;		/* track-to-track seek, usec */
178 int	fsize = 0;		/* fragment size */
179 int	bsize = 0;		/* block size */
180 int	cpg = DESCPG;		/* cylinders/cylinder group */
181 int	cpgflg;			/* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
182 int	minfree = MINFREE;	/* free space threshold */
183 int	opt = DEFAULTOPT;	/* optimization preference (space or time) */
184 int	density;		/* number of bytes per inode */
185 int	maxcontig = 0;		/* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
186 int	rotdelay = ROTDELAY;	/* rotational delay between blocks */
187 int	maxbpg;			/* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
188 int	nrpos = NRPOS;		/* # of distinguished rotational positions */
189 int	avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */
190 int	avgfilesperdir = AFPDIR;/* expected number of files per directory */
191 int	bbsize = BBSIZE;	/* boot block size */
192 int	sbsize = SBSIZE;	/* superblock size */
193 int	mntflags = MNT_ASYNC;	/* flags to be passed to mount */
194 int	t_or_u_flag = 0;	/* user has specified -t or -u */
195 caddr_t	membase;		/* start address of memory based filesystem */
196 char	*filename;
197 u_char	*volumelabel = NULL;	/* volume label for filesystem */
198 #ifdef COMPAT
199 char	*disktype;
200 int	unlabeled;
201 #endif
202 
203 char	mfsdevname[256];
204 char	*progname;
205 
206 static void usage(void);
207 static void mfsintr(int signo);
208 
209 int
210 main(int argc, char **argv)
211 {
212 	int ch, i;
213 	struct disktab geom;		/* disk geometry data */
214 	struct stat st;
215 	struct statfs *mp;
216 	int fsi = -1, fso = -1, len, n, vflag;
217 	char *s1, *s2, *special;
218 	const char *opstring;
219 #ifdef MFS
220 	struct vfsconf vfc;
221 	int error;
222 #endif
223 
224 	bzero(&geom, sizeof(geom));
225 	vflag = 0;
226 	if ((progname = strrchr(*argv, '/')))
227 		++progname;
228 	else
229 		progname = *argv;
230 
231 	if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
232 		mfs = 1;
233 		Nflag++;
234 	}
235 
236 	opstring = mfs ?
237 	    "L:NCF:T:Ua:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:m:o:s:v" :
238 	    "L:NEOS:T:Ua:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:vx:";
239 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) {
240 		switch (ch) {
241 		case 'E':
242 			Eflag = 1;
243 			break;
244 		case 'L':
245 			volumelabel = optarg;
246 			i = -1;
247 			while (isalnum(volumelabel[++i]))
248 				;
249 			if (volumelabel[i] != '\0')
250 				errx(1, "bad volume label. Valid characters are alphanumerics.");
251 			if (strlen(volumelabel) >= MAXVOLLEN)
252 				errx(1, "bad volume label. Length is longer than %d.",
253 				    MAXVOLLEN);
254 			Lflag = 1;
255 			break;
256 		case 'N':
257 			Nflag = 1;
258 			break;
259 		case 'O':
260 			Oflag = 1;
261 			break;
262 		case 'C':
263 			Cflag = 1;	/* MFS only */
264 			break;
265 		case 'S':
266 			if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
267 				fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
268 			break;
269 #ifdef COMPAT
270 		case 'T':
271 			disktype = optarg;
272 			break;
273 #endif
274 		case 'F':
275 			filename = optarg;
276 			break;
277 		case 'U':
278 			Uflag = 1;
279 			break;
280 		case 'a':
281 			if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
282 				fatal("%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks",
283 				    optarg);
284 			break;
285 		case 'b':
286 			if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
287 				fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
288 			break;
289 		case 'c':
290 			if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
291 				fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
292 			cpgflg++;
293 			break;
294 		case 'd':
295 			if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
296 				fatal("%s: bad rotational delay", optarg);
297 			break;
298 		case 'e':
299 			if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
300 		fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group",
301 				    optarg);
302 			break;
303 		case 'f':
304 			if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
305 				fatal("%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
306 			break;
307 		case 'g':
308 			if ((avgfilesize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
309 				fatal("%s: bad average file size", optarg);
310 			break;
311 		case 'h':
312 			if ((avgfilesperdir = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
313 				fatal("%s: bad average files per dir", optarg);
314 			break;
315 		case 'i':
316 			if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
317 				fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode", optarg);
318 			break;
319 		case 'k':
320 			if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
321 				fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
322 			break;
323 		case 'l':
324 			if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
325 				fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
326 			break;
327 		case 'm':
328 			if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
329 				fatal("%s: bad free space %%", optarg);
330 			break;
331 		case 'n':
332 			if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
333 				fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count",
334 				    optarg);
335 			if (nrpos == 0)
336 				nrpos = 1;
337 			break;
338 		case 'o':
339 			if (mfs)
340 				getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags, 0);
341 			else {
342 				if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
343 					opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
344 				else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
345 					opt = FS_OPTTIME;
346 				else
347 	fatal("%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'", optarg);
348 			}
349 			break;
350 		case 'p':
351 			if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
352 				fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
353 				    optarg);
354 			break;
355 		case 'r':
356 			if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
357 				fatal("%s: bad revolutions/minute", optarg);
358 			break;
359 		case 's':
360 			/*
361 			 * Unsigned long but limit to long.  On 32 bit a
362 			 * tad under 2G, on 64 bit the upper bound is more
363 			 * swap space then operand size.
364 			 *
365 			 * NOTE: fssize is converted from 512 byte sectors
366 			 * to filesystem block-sized sectors by mkfs XXX.
367 			 */
368 			fssize = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
369 			if (fssize == 0 || fssize > LONG_MAX)
370 				fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
371 			break;
372 		case 't':
373 			t_or_u_flag++;
374 			if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
375 				fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
376 			break;
377 		case 'u':
378 			t_or_u_flag++;
379 			if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
380 				fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
381 			break;
382 		case 'v':
383 			vflag = 1;
384 			break;
385 		case 'x':
386 			if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
387 				fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
388 				    optarg);
389 			break;
390 		case '?':
391 		default:
392 			usage();
393 		}
394 	}
395 	argc -= optind;
396 	argv += optind;
397 
398 	if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1))
399 		usage();
400 
401 	special = argv[0];
402 	/* Copy the NetBSD way of faking up a disk label */
403         if (mfs && !strcmp(special, "swap")) {
404                 /*
405                  * it's an MFS, mounted on "swap."  fake up a label.
406                  * XXX XXX XXX
407                  */
408                 fso = -1;       /* XXX; normally done below. */
409 
410 		geom.d_media_blksize = 512;
411 		geom.d_nheads = 16;
412 		geom.d_secpertrack = 64;
413 		/* geom.d_ncylinders not used */
414 		geom.d_secpercyl = 1024;
415 		geom.d_media_blocks = 16384;
416                 geom.d_rpm = 3600;
417                 geom.d_interleave = 1;
418 
419                 goto havelabel;
420         }
421 
422 	/*
423 	 * If we can't stat the device and the path is relative, try
424 	 * prepending /dev.
425 	 */
426 	if (stat(special, &st) < 0 && special[0] && special[0] != '/')
427 		asprintf(&special, "/dev/%s", special);
428 
429 	if (Eflag) {
430 		char sysctl_name[64];
431 		int trim_enabled = 0;
432 		size_t olen = sizeof(trim_enabled);
433 		char *dev_name = strdup(special);
434 
435 		dev_name = strtok(dev_name + strlen("/dev/da"),"s");
436 		sprintf(sysctl_name, "kern.cam.da.%s.trim_enabled",
437 		    dev_name);
438 
439 		sysctlbyname(sysctl_name, &trim_enabled, &olen, NULL, 0);
440 
441 		if(errno == ENOENT) {
442 			printf("Device:%s does not support the TRIM command\n",
443 			    special);
444 			usage();
445 		}
446 		if(!trim_enabled) {
447 			printf("Erase device option selected, but sysctl (%s) "
448 			    "is not enabled\n",sysctl_name);
449 			usage();
450 
451 		}
452 	}
453 	if (Nflag) {
454 		fso = -1;
455 	} else {
456 		fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
457 		if (fso < 0)
458 			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
459 
460 		/* Bail if target special is mounted */
461 		n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
462 		if (n == 0)
463 			fatal("%s: getmntinfo: %s", special, strerror(errno));
464 
465 		len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
466 		s1 = special;
467 		if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0)
468 			s1 += len;
469 
470 		while (--n >= 0) {
471 			s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
472 			if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) {
473 				s2 += len - 1;
474 				*s2 = 'r';
475 			}
476 			if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0)
477 				fatal("%s is mounted on %s",
478 				    special, mp->f_mntonname);
479 			++mp;
480 		}
481 	}
482 	if (mfs && disktype != NULL) {
483 		struct disktab *dt;
484 
485 		if ((dt = getdisktabbyname(disktype)) == NULL)
486 			fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
487 		geom = *dt;
488 	} else {
489 		struct partinfo pinfo;
490 
491 		if (special[0] == 0)
492  			fatal("null special file name");
493 		fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
494 		if (fsi < 0)
495 			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
496 		if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
497 			fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
498 		if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && !mfs && !vflag)
499 			printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
500 			    progname, special);
501 #ifdef COMPAT
502 		if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
503 			disktype = argv[1];
504 #endif
505 		if (ioctl(fsi, DIOCGPART, &pinfo) < 0) {
506 			if (!vflag) {
507 				fatal("%s: unable to retrieve geometry "
508 				      "information", argv[0]);
509 			}
510 			/*
511 			 * fake up geometry data
512 			 */
513 			geom.d_media_blksize = 512;
514 			geom.d_nheads = 16;
515 			geom.d_secpertrack = 64;
516 			geom.d_secpercyl = 1024;
517 			geom.d_media_blocks = st.st_size /
518 					      geom.d_media_blksize;
519 			geom.d_media_size = geom.d_media_blocks *
520 					    geom.d_media_blksize;
521 			/* geom.d_ncylinders not used */
522 		} else {
523 			/*
524 			 * extract geometry from pinfo
525 			 */
526 			geom.d_media_blksize = pinfo.media_blksize;
527 			geom.d_nheads = pinfo.d_nheads;
528 			geom.d_secpertrack = pinfo.d_secpertrack;
529 			geom.d_secpercyl = pinfo.d_secpercyl;
530 			/* geom.d_ncylinders not used */
531 			geom.d_media_blocks = pinfo.media_blocks;
532 			geom.d_media_size = pinfo.media_size;
533 			slice_offset = pinfo.media_offset;
534 		}
535 		if (geom.d_media_blocks == 0 || geom.d_media_size == 0) {
536 			fatal("%s: is unavailable", argv[0]);
537 		}
538 		printf("%s: media size %6.2fMB\n",
539 		        argv[0], geom.d_media_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
540 		if (geom.d_media_size / 512 >= 0x80000000ULL)
541 			fatal("%s: media size is too large for newfs to handle",
542 			      argv[0]);
543 	}
544 havelabel:
545 	if (fssize == 0)
546 		fssize = geom.d_media_blocks;
547 	if ((u_long)fssize > geom.d_media_blocks && !mfs) {
548 	       fatal("%s: maximum file system size is %" PRIu64 " blocks",
549 		     argv[0], geom.d_media_blocks);
550 	}
551 	if (rpm == 0) {
552 		rpm = geom.d_rpm;
553 		if (rpm <= 0)
554 			rpm = 3600;
555 	}
556 	if (ntracks == 0) {
557 		ntracks = geom.d_nheads;
558 		if (ntracks <= 0)
559 			fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
560 	}
561 	if (nsectors == 0) {
562 		nsectors = geom.d_secpertrack;
563 		if (nsectors <= 0)
564 			fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
565 	}
566 	if (sectorsize == 0) {
567 		sectorsize = geom.d_media_blksize;
568 		if (sectorsize <= 0)
569 			fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
570 	}
571 	if (trackskew == -1) {
572 		trackskew = geom.d_trackskew;
573 		if (trackskew < 0)
574 			trackskew = 0;
575 	}
576 	if (interleave == 0) {
577 		interleave = geom.d_interleave;
578 		if (interleave <= 0)
579 			interleave = 1;
580 	}
581 	if (fsize == 0)
582 		fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, geom.d_media_blksize);
583 	if (bsize == 0)
584 		bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
585 	/*
586 	 * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
587 	 * that may be allocated sequentially. With filesystem clustering
588 	 * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum
589 	 * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering.
590 	 */
591 	if (maxcontig == 0)
592 		maxcontig = MAX(1, MAXPHYS / bsize - 1);
593 	if (density == 0)
594 		density = NFPI * fsize;
595 	if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
596 		fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
597 		fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
598 		opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
599 	}
600 	if (trackspares == -1)
601 		trackspares = 0;
602 	nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
603 	if (cylspares == -1)
604 		cylspares = 0;
605 	secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
606 	/*
607 	 * Only complain if -t or -u have been specified; the default
608 	 * case (4096 sectors per cylinder) is intended to disagree
609 	 * with the disklabel.
610 	 */
611 	if (t_or_u_flag && (uint32_t)secpercyl != geom.d_secpercyl)
612 		fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%u)\n",
613 			"Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
614 			"disagrees with disk label", geom.d_secpercyl);
615 	if (maxbpg == 0)
616 		maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
617 	headswitch = geom.d_headswitch;
618 	trackseek = geom.d_trkseek;
619 	realsectorsize = sectorsize;
620 	if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) {		/* XXX */
621 		int secperblk = sectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;
622 
623 		sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
624 		nsectors *= secperblk;
625 		nphyssectors *= secperblk;
626 		secpercyl *= secperblk;
627 		fssize *= secperblk;
628 	}
629 	if (mfs) {
630 		mfs_mtpt = argv[1];
631 		if (
632 		    stat(mfs_mtpt, &mfs_mtstat) < 0 ||
633 		    !S_ISDIR(mfs_mtstat.st_mode)
634 		) {
635 			fatal("mount point not dir: %s", mfs_mtpt);
636 		}
637 	}
638 	mkfs(special, fsi, fso, (Cflag && mfs) ? argv[1] : NULL);
639 
640 	/*
641 	 * NOTE: Newfs no longer accesses or attempts to update the
642 	 * filesystem disklabel.
643 	 *
644 	 * NOTE: fssize is converted from 512 byte sectors
645 	 * to filesystem block-sized sectors by mkfs XXX.
646 	 */
647 	if (!Nflag)
648 		close(fso);
649 	close(fsi);
650 #ifdef MFS
651 	if (mfs) {
652 		struct mfs_args args;
653 
654 		bzero(&args, sizeof(args));
655 
656 		snprintf(mfsdevname, sizeof(mfsdevname), "/dev/mfs%d",
657 			getpid());
658 		args.fspec = mfsdevname;
659 		args.export.ex_root = -2;
660 		if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY)
661 			args.export.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY;
662 		else
663 			args.export.ex_flags = 0;
664 		args.base = membase;
665 		args.size = fssize * fsize;
666 
667 		error = getvfsbyname("mfs", &vfc);
668 		if (error && vfsisloadable("mfs")) {
669 			if (vfsload("mfs"))
670 				fatal("vfsload(mfs)");
671 			endvfsent();	/* flush cache */
672 			error = getvfsbyname("mfs", &vfc);
673 		}
674 		if (error)
675 			fatal("mfs filesystem not available");
676 
677 #if 0
678 		int udev;
679 		udev = (253 << 8) | (getpid() & 255) |
680 			((getpid() & ~0xFF) << 8);
681 		if (mknod(mfsdevname, S_IFCHR | 0700, udev) < 0)
682 			printf("Warning: unable to create %s\n", mfsdevname);
683 #endif
684 		signal(SIGINT, mfsintr);
685 		if (mount(vfc.vfc_name, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
686 			fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
687 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
688 		mfsintr(SIGINT);
689 	}
690 #endif
691 	exit(0);
692 }
693 
694 #ifdef MFS
695 
696 static void
697 mfsintr(__unused int signo)
698 {
699 	if (filename)
700 		munmap(membase, fssize * fsize);
701 #if 0
702 	remove(mfsdevname);
703 #endif
704 }
705 
706 #endif
707 
708 /*VARARGS*/
709 void
710 fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
711 {
712 	va_list ap;
713 
714 	va_start(ap, fmt);
715 	if (fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) < 0) {
716 		openlog(progname, LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON);
717 		vsyslog(LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
718 		closelog();
719 	} else {
720 		vwarnx(fmt, ap);
721 	}
722 	va_end(ap);
723 	exit(1);
724 	/*NOTREACHED*/
725 }
726 
727 void
728 usage(void)
729 {
730 	if (mfs) {
731 		fprintf(stderr,
732 		    "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n",
733 			progname);
734 	} else
735 		fprintf(stderr,
736 		    "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
737 		    progname,
738 #ifdef COMPAT
739 		    " [device-type]");
740 #else
741 		    "");
742 #endif
743 	fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
744 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-C (mfs) Copy the underlying filesystem to the MFS mount\n");
745 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-E erase file system contents using TRIM\n");
746 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume name\n");
747 	fprintf(stderr,
748 	    "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
749 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-O create a 4.3BSD format filesystem\n");
750 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
751 #ifdef COMPAT
752 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
753 #endif
754 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-U enable soft updates\n");
755 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
756 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
757 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
758 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
759 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
760 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
761 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
762 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-h average files per directory\n");
763 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
764 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
765 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
766 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
767 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
768 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
769 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
770 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
771 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
772 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
773 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
774 	fprintf(stderr,
775         "\t-v do not attempt to determine partition name from device name\n");
776 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
777 	exit(1);
778 }
779