1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 12 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 13 * distribution. 14 * 15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 16 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 17 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 19 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 21 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 22 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 23 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 24 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 25 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 26 */ 27 28 #include <sys/param.h> 29 #include <sys/disklabel32.h> 30 #include <sys/diskmbr.h> 31 #include <sys/diskslice.h> 32 #include <sys/mount.h> 33 #include <sys/stat.h> 34 //#include <sys/sysctl.h> 35 #include <sys/time.h> 36 37 #include <machine/ioctl_fd.h> 38 39 #include <assert.h> 40 #include <ctype.h> 41 #include <disktab.h> 42 #include <err.h> 43 #include <errno.h> 44 #include <fcntl.h> 45 #include <inttypes.h> 46 #include <paths.h> 47 #include <signal.h> 48 #include <stdio.h> 49 #include <stdlib.h> 50 #include <string.h> 51 #include <time.h> 52 #include <unistd.h> 53 54 #include "mkfs_msdos.h" 55 56 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 57 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 58 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 59 60 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 61 #define MAXBPS 4096 /* maximum bytes per sector */ 62 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 63 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 64 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 65 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 66 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 67 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 68 #define MINCLS12 1U /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 69 #define MINCLS16 0xff5U /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 70 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5U /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 71 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4U /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 72 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4U /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 73 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4U /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 74 75 #define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 76 (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 77 MINCLS32) 78 79 #define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 80 (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 81 MAXCLS32) 82 83 #define mk1(p, x) \ 84 (p) = (uint8_t)(x) 85 86 #define mk2(p, x) \ 87 (p)[0] = (uint8_t)(x), \ 88 (p)[1] = (uint8_t)((x) >> 010) 89 90 #define mk4(p, x) \ 91 (p)[0] = (uint8_t)(x), \ 92 (p)[1] = (uint8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 93 (p)[2] = (uint8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 94 (p)[3] = (uint8_t)((x) >> 030) 95 96 struct bs { 97 uint8_t bsJump[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 98 uint8_t bsOemName[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 99 } __packed; 100 101 struct bsbpb { 102 uint8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 103 uint8_t bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */ 104 uint8_t bpbResSectors[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 105 uint8_t bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */ 106 uint8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2]; /* root directory entries */ 107 uint8_t bpbSectors[2]; /* total sectors */ 108 uint8_t bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */ 109 uint8_t bpbFATsecs[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 110 uint8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2]; /* sectors per track */ 111 uint8_t bpbHeads[2]; /* drive heads */ 112 uint8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 113 uint8_t bpbHugeSectors[4]; /* big total sectors */ 114 } __packed; 115 116 struct bsxbpb { 117 uint8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 118 uint8_t bpbExtFlags[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 119 uint8_t bpbFSVers[2]; /* file system version */ 120 uint8_t bpbRootClust[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 121 uint8_t bpbFSInfo[2]; /* file system info sector */ 122 uint8_t bpbBackup[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 123 uint8_t bpbReserved[12]; /* reserved */ 124 } __packed; 125 126 struct bsx { 127 uint8_t exDriveNumber; /* drive number */ 128 uint8_t exReserved1; /* reserved */ 129 uint8_t exBootSignature; /* extended boot signature */ 130 uint8_t exVolumeID[4]; /* volume ID number */ 131 uint8_t exVolumeLabel[11]; /* volume label */ 132 uint8_t exFileSysType[8]; /* file system type */ 133 } __packed; 134 135 struct de { 136 uint8_t deName[11]; /* name and extension */ 137 uint8_t deAttributes; /* attributes */ 138 uint8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 139 uint8_t deMTime[2]; /* last-modified time */ 140 uint8_t deMDate[2]; /* last-modified date */ 141 uint8_t deStartCluster[2]; /* starting cluster */ 142 uint8_t deFileSize[4]; /* size */ 143 } __packed; 144 145 struct bpb { 146 u_int bpbBytesPerSec; /* bytes per sector */ 147 u_int bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */ 148 u_int bpbResSectors; /* reserved sectors */ 149 u_int bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */ 150 u_int bpbRootDirEnts; /* root directory entries */ 151 u_int bpbSectors; /* total sectors */ 152 u_int bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */ 153 u_int bpbFATsecs; /* sectors per FAT */ 154 u_int bpbSecPerTrack; /* sectors per track */ 155 u_int bpbHeads; /* drive heads */ 156 u_int bpbHiddenSecs; /* hidden sectors */ 157 u_int bpbHugeSectors; /* big total sectors */ 158 u_int bpbBigFATsecs; /* big sectors per FAT */ 159 u_int bpbRootClust; /* root directory start cluster */ 160 u_int bpbFSInfo; /* file system info sector */ 161 u_int bpbBackup; /* backup boot sector */ 162 }; 163 164 #define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 165 166 static struct { 167 const char *name; 168 struct bpb bpb; 169 } const stdfmt[] = { 170 {"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}}, 171 {"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}}, 172 {"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 173 {"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, 174 {"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 175 {"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, 176 {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}}, 177 {"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 178 {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}}, 179 {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}} 180 }; 181 182 static const uint8_t bootcode[] = { 183 0xfa, /* cli */ 184 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 185 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 186 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 187 0xfb, /* sti */ 188 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 189 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 190 0x5e, /* pop si */ 191 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 192 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 193 0xfc, /* cld */ 194 0xac, /* lodsb */ 195 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 196 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 197 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 198 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 199 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 200 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 201 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 202 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 203 0x0d, 0x0a, 204 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 205 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 206 0x0d, 0x0a, 207 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 208 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 209 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 210 0x0d, 0x0a, 211 0 212 }; 213 214 static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo; 215 static void infohandler(int); 216 217 #ifndef MAKEFS 218 static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 219 #endif 220 static ssize_t getchunksize(void); 221 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 222 static int getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *); 223 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 224 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 225 static void mklabel(uint8_t *, const char *); 226 static int oklabel(const char *); 227 static void setstr(uint8_t *, const char *, size_t); 228 229 int 230 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 231 { 232 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 233 struct sigaction si_sa; 234 struct stat sb; 235 struct timeval tv; 236 struct bpb bpb; 237 struct tm *tm; 238 struct bs *bs; 239 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 240 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 241 struct bsx *bsx; 242 struct de *de; 243 uint8_t *img; 244 uint8_t *physbuf, *physbuf_end; 245 const char *bname; 246 ssize_t n; 247 time_t now; 248 u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 249 u_int extra_res, alignment, saved_x, attempts=0; 250 bool set_res, set_spf, set_spc; 251 int fd, fd1, rv; 252 struct msdos_options o = *op; 253 ssize_t chunksize; 254 255 physbuf = NULL; 256 rv = -1; 257 fd = fd1 = -1; 258 259 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 260 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 261 goto done; 262 } 263 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 264 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 265 goto done; 266 } 267 if (o.create_size) { 268 if (o.no_create) { 269 warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); 270 goto done; 271 } 272 fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); 273 if (fd == -1) { 274 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 275 goto done; 276 } 277 if (ftruncate(fd, o.create_size)) { 278 warnx("failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)o.create_size); 279 goto done; 280 } 281 } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) { 282 warn("%s", fname); 283 goto done; 284 } 285 if (fstat(fd, &sb)) { 286 warn("%s", fname); 287 goto done; 288 } 289 if (o.create_size) { 290 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) 291 warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname); 292 } else { 293 #ifdef MAKEFS 294 errx(1, "o.create_size must be set!"); 295 #else 296 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 297 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 298 #endif 299 } 300 #ifndef MAKEFS 301 if (!o.no_create) 302 if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1) 303 goto done; 304 #endif 305 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 306 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 307 goto done; 308 } 309 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 310 if (o.floppy) { 311 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 312 goto done; 313 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors; 314 bpb.bpbSectors = 0; 315 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs; 316 bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0; 317 } 318 if (o.drive_heads) 319 bpb.bpbHeads = o.drive_heads; 320 if (o.sectors_per_track) 321 bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = o.sectors_per_track; 322 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 323 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = o.bytes_per_sector; 324 if (o.size) 325 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = o.size; 326 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 327 bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = o.hidden_sectors; 328 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 329 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 330 if (getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb) == -1) 331 goto done; 332 bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (o.offset / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 333 if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) { /* set defaults */ 334 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */ 335 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1; 336 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */ 337 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8; 338 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */ 339 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16; 340 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */ 341 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32; 342 else 343 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64; /* otherwise 32k */ 344 } 345 } 346 if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS || 347 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec > MAXBPS || 348 !powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) { 349 warnx("Invalid bytes/sector (%u): must be 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096", 350 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 351 goto done; 352 } 353 354 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 355 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 356 goto done; 357 } 358 if (!(fat = o.fat_type)) { 359 if (o.floppy) 360 fat = 12; 361 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 362 fat = 32; 363 } 364 if ((fat == 32 && o.directory_entries) || 365 (fat != 32 && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))) { 366 warnx("-%c is not a legal FAT%s option", 367 fat == 32 ? 'e' : o.info_sector ? 'i' : 'k', 368 fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16"); 369 goto done; 370 } 371 if (o.floppy && fat == 32) 372 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0; 373 if (fat != 0 && fat != 12 && fat != 16 && fat != 32) { 374 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", fat); 375 goto done; 376 } 377 378 if (o.block_size) { 379 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 380 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 381 goto done; 382 } 383 if (o.block_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 384 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 385 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 386 goto done; 387 } 388 if (o.block_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC) { 389 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 390 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC); 391 goto done; 392 } 393 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.block_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 394 } 395 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 396 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 397 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 398 o.sectors_per_cluster); 399 goto done; 400 } 401 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.sectors_per_cluster; 402 } 403 if (o.reserved_sectors) 404 bpb.bpbResSectors = o.reserved_sectors; 405 if (o.num_FAT) { 406 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 407 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 408 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 409 goto done; 410 } 411 bpb.bpbFATs = o.num_FAT; 412 } 413 if (o.directory_entries) 414 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = o.directory_entries; 415 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 416 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 417 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 418 goto done; 419 } 420 bpb.bpbMedia = o.media_descriptor; 421 } 422 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 423 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = o.sectors_per_fat; 424 if (o.info_sector) 425 bpb.bpbFSInfo = o.info_sector; 426 if (o.backup_sector) 427 bpb.bpbBackup = o.backup_sector; 428 bss = 1; 429 bname = NULL; 430 fd1 = -1; 431 if (o.bootstrap) { 432 bname = o.bootstrap; 433 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 434 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 435 bname = buf; 436 } 437 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 438 warn("%s", bname); 439 goto done; 440 } 441 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec || 442 sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec || 443 sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16) { 444 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 445 goto done; 446 } 447 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 448 } 449 if (!bpb.bpbFATs) 450 bpb.bpbFATs = 2; 451 if (!fat) { 452 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) + 453 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 454 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN, 455 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * 456 bpb.bpbFATs + 457 howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE, 458 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) + 459 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 460 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : 461 howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) 462 fat = 12; 463 else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors < 464 (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) + 465 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) * 466 bpb.bpbFATs + 467 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) + 468 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 469 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : 470 howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) 471 fat = 16; 472 else 473 fat = 32; 474 } 475 x = bss; 476 if (fat == 32) { 477 if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) { 478 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup) { 479 warnx("no room for info sector"); 480 goto done; 481 } 482 bpb.bpbFSInfo = x; 483 } 484 if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo) 485 x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1; 486 if (!bpb.bpbBackup) { 487 if (x == MAXU16) { 488 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 489 goto done; 490 } 491 bpb.bpbBackup = x; 492 } else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo) { 493 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 494 goto done; 495 } 496 if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup) 497 x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1; 498 } 499 500 extra_res = 0; 501 alignment = 0; 502 set_res = (bpb.bpbResSectors == 0); 503 set_spf = (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0); 504 set_spc = (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0); 505 saved_x = x; 506 507 /* 508 * Attempt to align the root directory to cluster if o.align is set. 509 * This is done by padding with reserved blocks. Note that this can 510 * cause other factors to change, which can in turn change the alignment. 511 * This should take at most 2 iterations, as increasing the reserved 512 * amount may cause the FAT size to decrease by 1, requiring another 513 * bpbFATs reserved blocks. If bpbSecPerClust changes, it will 514 * be half of its previous size, and thus will not throw off alignment. 515 */ 516 do { 517 x = saved_x; 518 if (set_res) 519 bpb.bpbResSectors = ((fat == 32) ? 520 MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x) + extra_res; 521 else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x) { 522 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, 523 bpb.bpbResSectors); 524 goto done; 525 } 526 if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts) 527 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE; 528 rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts, 529 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)); 530 if (set_spc) { 531 for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : 532 DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 533 bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC && (bpb.bpbResSectors + 534 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN), 535 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * bpb.bpbFATs + 536 rds + 537 (u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust) <= 538 bpb.bpbHugeSectors; 539 bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1) 540 continue; 541 542 } 543 if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16) { 544 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 545 goto done; 546 } 547 x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds; 548 x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1; 549 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors) { 550 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 551 goto done; 552 } 553 x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs; 554 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / 555 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB + 556 fat / BPN * bpb.bpbFATs); 557 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN), 558 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB); 559 if (set_spf) { 560 if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0) 561 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2; 562 x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs; 563 } 564 if (set_res) { 565 /* attempt to align root directory */ 566 alignment = (bpb.bpbResSectors + bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbFATs) % 567 bpb.bpbSecPerClust; 568 if (o.align) 569 extra_res += bpb.bpbSecPerClust - alignment; 570 } 571 attempts++; 572 } while (o.align && alignment != 0 && attempts < 2); 573 if (o.align && alignment != 0) 574 warnx("warning: Alignment failed."); 575 576 cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust; 577 x = (uint64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) - 578 RESFTE; 579 if (cls > x) 580 cls = x; 581 if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2) 582 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 583 cls); 584 if (cls < mincls(fat)) { 585 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat, 586 mincls(fat)); 587 goto done; 588 } 589 if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { 590 cls = maxcls(fat); 591 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1; 592 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 593 bpb.bpbHugeSectors); 594 } 595 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 596 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust, 597 cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat, 598 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust); 599 if (!bpb.bpbMedia) 600 bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 601 if (fat == 32) 602 bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE; 603 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) { 604 bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors; 605 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0; 606 } 607 if (fat != 32) { 608 bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs; 609 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0; 610 } 611 print_bpb(&bpb); 612 if (!o.no_create) { 613 if (o.timestamp_set) { 614 tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp; 615 tv.tv_usec = 0; 616 tm = gmtime(&now); 617 } else { 618 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 619 now = tv.tv_sec; 620 tm = localtime(&now); 621 } 622 623 chunksize = getchunksize(); 624 physbuf = malloc(chunksize); 625 if (physbuf == NULL) { 626 warn(NULL); 627 goto done; 628 } 629 physbuf_end = physbuf + chunksize; 630 img = physbuf; 631 632 dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs : 633 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs; 634 memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa)); 635 si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler; 636 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1) { 637 warn("sigaction SIGINFO"); 638 goto done; 639 } 640 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) { 641 if (got_siginfo) { 642 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 643 fname, lsn, 644 (dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)), 645 (lsn * 100) / (dir + 646 (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds))); 647 got_siginfo = 0; 648 } 649 x = lsn; 650 if (o.bootstrap && 651 fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 652 bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) { 653 x -= bpb.bpbBackup; 654 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 655 warn("%s", bname); 656 goto done; 657 } 658 } 659 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 660 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) { 661 warn("%s", bname); 662 goto done; 663 } 664 if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 665 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 666 goto done; 667 } 668 } else 669 memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 670 if (!lsn || 671 (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 672 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) { 673 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 674 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 675 mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 676 mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust); 677 mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors); 678 mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs); 679 mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts); 680 mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors); 681 mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia); 682 mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs); 683 mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack); 684 mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads); 685 mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs); 686 mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors); 687 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 688 if (fat == 32) { 689 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 690 mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs); 691 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0); 692 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0); 693 mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust); 694 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo); 695 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup); 696 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 697 } 698 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 699 mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29); 700 if (o.volume_id_set) 701 x = o.volume_id; 702 else 703 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 704 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 705 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 706 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 707 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 708 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 709 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 710 mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x); 711 mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 712 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat); 713 setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType)); 714 if (!o.bootstrap) { 715 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 716 bs = (struct bs *)img; 717 mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb); 718 mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2); 719 mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90); 720 setstr(bs->bsOemName, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "BSD4.4 ", 721 sizeof(bs->bsOemName)); 722 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 723 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 724 } 725 } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && 726 (lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo || 727 (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 728 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) { 729 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 730 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 731 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 732 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 733 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 734 } else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir && 735 !((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) % 736 (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs : 737 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) { 738 mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia); 739 for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++) 740 mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 741 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 742 de = (struct de *)img; 743 mklabel(de->deName, o.volume_label); 744 mk1(de->deAttributes, 050); 745 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 746 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 747 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 748 mk2(de->deMTime, x); 749 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 750 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 751 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 752 mk2(de->deMDate, x); 753 } 754 /* 755 * Issue a write of chunksize once we have collected 756 * enough sectors. 757 */ 758 img += bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 759 if (img >= physbuf_end) { 760 n = write(fd, physbuf, chunksize); 761 if (n != chunksize) { 762 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 763 goto done; 764 } 765 img = physbuf; 766 } 767 } 768 /* 769 * Write remaining sectors, if the last write didn't end 770 * up filling a whole chunk. 771 */ 772 if (img != physbuf) { 773 ssize_t tailsize = img - physbuf; 774 775 n = write(fd, physbuf, tailsize); 776 if (n != tailsize) { 777 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 778 goto done; 779 } 780 } 781 } 782 rv = 0; 783 done: 784 free(physbuf); 785 if (fd != -1) 786 close(fd); 787 if (fd1 != -1) 788 close(fd1); 789 790 return rv; 791 } 792 793 /* 794 * return -1 with error if file system is mounted. 795 */ 796 #ifndef MAKEFS 797 static int 798 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 799 { 800 /* 801 * If getmntinfo() is not available (e.g. Linux) don't check. This should 802 * not be a problem since we will only be using makefs to create images. 803 */ 804 struct statfs *mp; 805 const char *s1, *s2; 806 size_t len; 807 int n, r; 808 809 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) { 810 warn("getmntinfo"); 811 return -1; 812 } 813 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 814 s1 = fname; 815 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 816 s1 += len; 817 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 818 for (; n--; mp++) { 819 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 820 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 821 s2 += len; 822 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 823 !strcmp(s1, s2)) { 824 warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 825 return -1; 826 } 827 } 828 return 0; 829 } 830 #endif 831 832 /* 833 * Get optimal I/O size 834 */ 835 static ssize_t 836 getchunksize(void) 837 { 838 static ssize_t chunksize; 839 840 if (chunksize != 0) 841 return (chunksize); 842 843 #if 0 844 int mib[2]; 845 size_t len; 846 847 mib[0] = CTL_KERN; 848 mib[1] = KERN_MAXPHYS; 849 len = sizeof(chunksize); 850 851 if (sysctl(mib, 2, &chunksize, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) { 852 warn("sysctl: KERN_MAXPHYS, using %zu", (size_t)MAXPHYS); 853 chunksize = 0; 854 } 855 #endif 856 if (chunksize == 0) 857 chunksize = MAXPHYS; 858 859 /* 860 * For better performance, we want to write larger chunks instead of 861 * individual sectors (the size can only be 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096 862 * bytes). Assert that chunksize can always hold an integer number of 863 * sectors by asserting that both are power of two numbers and the 864 * chunksize is greater than MAXBPS. 865 */ 866 static_assert(powerof2(MAXBPS), "MAXBPS is not power of 2"); 867 assert(powerof2(chunksize)); 868 assert(chunksize > MAXBPS); 869 870 return (chunksize); 871 } 872 873 /* 874 * Get a standard format. 875 */ 876 static int 877 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 878 { 879 u_int x, i; 880 881 x = NELEM(stdfmt); 882 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 883 if (i == x) { 884 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 885 return -1; 886 } 887 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 888 return 0; 889 } 890 891 static void 892 compute_geometry_from_file(int fd, const char *fname, struct disklabel32 *lp) 893 { 894 struct stat st; 895 off_t ms; 896 897 if (fstat(fd, &st)) 898 err(1, "cannot get disk size"); 899 if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) 900 errx(1, "%s is not a regular file", fname); 901 ms = st.st_size; 902 lp->d_secsize = 512; 903 lp->d_nsectors = 63; 904 lp->d_ntracks = 255; 905 lp->d_secperunit = ms / lp->d_secsize; 906 } 907 908 /* 909 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 910 */ 911 static int 912 getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag, 913 struct bpb *bpb) 914 { 915 struct disklabel32 *lp, dlp; 916 off_t hs = 0; 917 #ifndef MAKEFS 918 off_t ms; 919 struct fd_type type; 920 struct partinfo pi; 921 922 lp = NULL; 923 924 /* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */ 925 if (dtype != NULL) { 926 lp = getdiskbyname(dtype); 927 } 928 929 /* Maybe it's a floppy drive */ 930 if (lp == NULL) { 931 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPART, &pi) == -1) { 932 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 933 compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp); 934 lp = &dlp; 935 } else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) { 936 ms = pi.media_size; 937 dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize; 938 dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac; 939 dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads; 940 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 941 lp = &dlp; 942 } else { 943 ms = pi.media_size; 944 } 945 } 946 947 /* Maybe it's a fixed drive */ 948 if (lp == NULL) { 949 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPART, &pi) == - 1) 950 err(1, "cannot get disk information"); 951 dlp.d_secsize = pi.media_blksize; 952 dlp.d_nsectors = pi.d_secpertrack; 953 dlp.d_ntracks = pi.d_nheads; 954 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec) 955 dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec; 956 957 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 958 959 hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit; 960 lp = &dlp; 961 } 962 #else 963 (void)dtype; 964 /* In the makefs case we only support image files: */ 965 compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp); 966 lp = &dlp; 967 #endif 968 969 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0) { 970 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector") == -1) 971 return -1; 972 bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = lp->d_secsize; 973 } 974 if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0) { 975 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 976 return -1; 977 bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = lp->d_nsectors; 978 } 979 if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0) { 980 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 981 return -1; 982 bpb->bpbHeads = lp->d_ntracks; 983 } 984 if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0) 985 bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit; 986 if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0) 987 bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs; 988 return 0; 989 } 990 991 /* 992 * Print out BPB values. 993 */ 994 static void 995 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 996 { 997 printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u", 998 bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors, 999 bpb->bpbFATs); 1000 if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts) 1001 printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts); 1002 if (bpb->bpbSectors) 1003 printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors); 1004 printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia); 1005 if (bpb->bpbFATsecs) 1006 printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs); 1007 printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack, 1008 bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs); 1009 if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors) 1010 printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors); 1011 if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) { 1012 printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs, 1013 bpb->bpbRootClust); 1014 printf(" FSInfo="); 1015 printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo); 1016 printf(" Backup="); 1017 printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup); 1018 } 1019 printf("\n"); 1020 } 1021 1022 /* 1023 * Check a disk geometry value. 1024 */ 1025 static int 1026 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 1027 { 1028 if (!val) { 1029 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 1030 return -1; 1031 } 1032 if (val > MAXU16) { 1033 warnx("%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val); 1034 return -1; 1035 } 1036 return 0; 1037 } 1038 1039 /* 1040 * Check a volume label. 1041 */ 1042 static int 1043 oklabel(const char *src) 1044 { 1045 int c, i; 1046 1047 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 1048 c = (u_char)*src++; 1049 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 1050 break; 1051 } 1052 return i && !c; 1053 } 1054 1055 /* 1056 * Make a volume label. 1057 */ 1058 static void 1059 mklabel(uint8_t *dest, const char *src) 1060 { 1061 int c, i; 1062 1063 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 1064 c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' '; 1065 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 1066 } 1067 } 1068 1069 /* 1070 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 1071 */ 1072 static void 1073 setstr(uint8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 1074 { 1075 while (len--) 1076 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 1077 } 1078 1079 static void 1080 infohandler(int sig __unused) 1081 { 1082 1083 got_siginfo = 1; 1084 } 1085