1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18 * without specific prior written permission. 19 * 20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30 * SUCH DAMAGE. 31 * 32 * @(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 33 * @(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 34 * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/ping/ping.c,v 1.111 2007/05/21 14:38:45 cognet Exp $ 35 * $DragonFly: src/sbin/ping/ping.c,v 1.8 2008/09/04 21:00:28 swildner Exp $ 36 */ 37 38 /* 39 * P I N G . C 40 * 41 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 42 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 43 * 44 * Author - 45 * Mike Muuss 46 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 47 * December, 1983 48 * 49 * Status - 50 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 51 * Bugs - 52 * More statistics could always be gathered. 53 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 54 */ 55 56 #include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */ 57 #include <sys/socket.h> 58 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 59 #include <sys/time.h> 60 #include <sys/uio.h> 61 62 #include <netinet/in.h> 63 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 64 #include <netinet/ip.h> 65 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 66 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 67 #include <arpa/inet.h> 68 69 #ifdef IPSEC 70 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 71 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 72 73 #include <ctype.h> 74 #include <err.h> 75 #include <errno.h> 76 #include <math.h> 77 #include <netdb.h> 78 #include <signal.h> 79 #include <stdio.h> 80 #include <stdlib.h> 81 #include <string.h> 82 #include <sysexits.h> 83 #include <unistd.h> 84 85 #define INADDR_LEN ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t)) 86 #define TIMEVAL_LEN ((int)sizeof(struct tv32)) 87 #define MASK_LEN (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 88 #define TS_LEN (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 89 #define DEFDATALEN 56 /* default data length */ 90 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */ 91 /* runs out of buffer space */ 92 #define MAXIPLEN (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 93 #define MAXICMPLEN (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 94 #define MAXWAIT 10000 /* max ms to wait for response */ 95 #define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */ 96 #define MAXTOS 255 97 98 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 99 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 100 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 101 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 102 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 103 104 struct tv32 { 105 int32_t tv32_sec; 106 int32_t tv32_usec; 107 }; 108 109 /* various options */ 110 int options; 111 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 112 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 113 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 114 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 115 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 116 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 117 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 118 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 119 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 120 #define F_QUIET2 0x0200 121 #define F_NOLOOP 0x0400 122 #define F_MTTL 0x0800 123 #define F_MIF 0x1000 124 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000 125 #ifdef IPSEC 126 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 127 #define F_POLICY 0x4000 128 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 129 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 130 #define F_TTL 0x8000 131 #define F_MISSED 0x10000 132 #define F_ONCE 0x20000 133 #define F_HDRINCL 0x40000 134 #define F_MASK 0x80000 135 #define F_TIME 0x100000 136 #define F_SWEEP 0x200000 137 #define F_WAITTIME 0x400000 138 139 /* 140 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 141 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 142 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 143 */ 144 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 145 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 146 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 147 148 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 149 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 150 int maxpayload; 151 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 152 u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack; 153 char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */ 154 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 155 char DOT = '.'; 156 char *hostname; 157 char *shostname; 158 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 159 int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */ 160 u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 161 u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 162 int phdr_len = 0; 163 int send_len; 164 165 /* counters */ 166 long nmissedmax; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */ 167 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 168 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 169 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 170 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 171 long snpackets; /* max packets to transmit in one sweep */ 172 long snreceived; /* # of packets we got back in this sweep */ 173 long sntransmitted; /* # of packets we sent in this sweep */ 174 int sweepmax; /* max value of payload in sweep */ 175 int sweepmin = 0; /* start value of payload in sweep */ 176 int sweepincr = 1; /* payload increment in sweep */ 177 int interval = 1000; /* interval between packets, ms */ 178 int waittime = MAXWAIT; /* timeout for each packet */ 179 long nrcvtimeout = 0; /* # of packets we got back after waittime */ 180 181 /* timing */ 182 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 183 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 184 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 185 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 186 double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 187 188 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */ 189 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p; 190 191 static void fill(char *, char *); 192 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); 193 static void check_status(void); 194 static void finish(void) __dead2; 195 static void pinger(void); 196 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr); 197 static char *pr_ntime(n_time); 198 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 199 static void pr_iph(struct ip *); 200 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *); 201 static void pr_retip(struct ip *); 202 static void status(int); 203 static void stopit(int); 204 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 205 static void usage(void) __dead2; 206 207 int 208 main(int argc, char **argv) 209 { 210 struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in; 211 struct in_addr ifaddr; 212 struct timeval last, intvl; 213 struct iovec iov; 214 struct ip *ip; 215 struct msghdr msg; 216 struct sigaction si_sa; 217 size_t sz; 218 u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET] __aligned(4); 219 char *ep, *source, *target, *payload; 220 struct hostent *hp; 221 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 222 char *policy_in, *policy_out; 223 #endif 224 struct sockaddr_in *to; 225 double t; 226 u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp; 227 int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno, 228 tos, ttl; 229 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))]; 230 char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 231 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 232 char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 233 #endif 234 unsigned char loop, mttl; 235 236 payload = source = NULL; 237 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 238 policy_in = policy_out = NULL; 239 #endif 240 241 /* 242 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 243 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 244 * after arg parsing. 245 */ 246 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 247 sockerrno = errno; 248 249 setuid(getuid()); 250 uid = getuid(); 251 252 alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0; 253 254 outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip); 255 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 256 "Aac:DdfG:g:h:I:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vW:z:" 257 #ifdef IPSEC 258 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 259 "P:" 260 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 261 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 262 )) != -1) 263 { 264 switch(ch) { 265 case 'A': 266 options |= F_MISSED; 267 break; 268 case 'a': 269 options |= F_AUDIBLE; 270 break; 271 case 'c': 272 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 273 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp) 274 errx(EX_USAGE, 275 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'", 276 optarg); 277 npackets = ultmp; 278 break; 279 case 'D': 280 options |= F_HDRINCL; 281 df = 1; 282 break; 283 case 'd': 284 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 285 break; 286 case 'f': 287 if (uid) { 288 errno = EPERM; 289 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag"); 290 } 291 options |= F_FLOOD; 292 setbuf(stdout, NULL); 293 break; 294 case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */ 295 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 296 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 297 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 298 optarg); 299 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 300 errno = EPERM; 301 err(EX_NOPERM, 302 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 303 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 304 } 305 options |= F_SWEEP; 306 sweepmax = ultmp; 307 break; 308 case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */ 309 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 310 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 311 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 312 optarg); 313 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 314 errno = EPERM; 315 err(EX_NOPERM, 316 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 317 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 318 } 319 options |= F_SWEEP; 320 sweepmin = ultmp; 321 break; 322 case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */ 323 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 324 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp < 1) 325 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid increment size: `%s'", 326 optarg); 327 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 328 errno = EPERM; 329 err(EX_NOPERM, 330 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 331 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 332 } 333 options |= F_SWEEP; 334 sweepincr = ultmp; 335 break; 336 case 'I': /* multicast interface */ 337 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 338 errx(EX_USAGE, 339 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'", 340 optarg); 341 options |= F_MIF; 342 break; 343 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 344 t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0; 345 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 346 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 347 optarg); 348 options |= F_INTERVAL; 349 interval = (int)t; 350 if (uid && interval < 1000) { 351 errno = EPERM; 352 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short"); 353 } 354 break; 355 case 'L': 356 options |= F_NOLOOP; 357 loop = 0; 358 break; 359 case 'l': 360 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 361 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX) 362 errx(EX_USAGE, 363 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg); 364 if (uid) { 365 errno = EPERM; 366 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag"); 367 } 368 preload = ultmp; 369 break; 370 case 'M': 371 switch(optarg[0]) { 372 case 'M': 373 case 'm': 374 options |= F_MASK; 375 break; 376 case 'T': 377 case 't': 378 options |= F_TIME; 379 break; 380 default: 381 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]); 382 break; 383 } 384 break; 385 case 'm': /* TTL */ 386 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 387 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 388 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg); 389 ttl = ultmp; 390 options |= F_TTL; 391 break; 392 case 'n': 393 options |= F_NUMERIC; 394 break; 395 case 'o': 396 options |= F_ONCE; 397 break; 398 #ifdef IPSEC 399 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 400 case 'P': 401 options |= F_POLICY; 402 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 403 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 404 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 405 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 406 else 407 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 408 break; 409 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 410 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 411 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 412 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 413 payload = optarg; 414 break; 415 case 'Q': 416 options |= F_QUIET2; 417 break; 418 case 'q': 419 options |= F_QUIET; 420 break; 421 case 'R': 422 options |= F_RROUTE; 423 break; 424 case 'r': 425 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 426 break; 427 case 'S': 428 source = optarg; 429 break; 430 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 431 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 432 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 433 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 434 optarg); 435 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 436 errno = EPERM; 437 err(EX_NOPERM, 438 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 439 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 440 } 441 datalen = ultmp; 442 break; 443 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */ 444 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 445 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 446 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'", 447 optarg); 448 mttl = ultmp; 449 options |= F_MTTL; 450 break; 451 case 't': 452 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 453 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX)) 454 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'", 455 optarg); 456 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM) 457 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d", 458 optarg, MAXALARM); 459 alarm((int)alarmtimeout); 460 break; 461 case 'v': 462 options |= F_VERBOSE; 463 break; 464 case 'W': /* wait ms for answer */ 465 t = strtod(optarg, &ep); 466 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 467 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 468 optarg); 469 options |= F_WAITTIME; 470 waittime = (int)t; 471 break; 472 case 'z': 473 options |= F_HDRINCL; 474 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 475 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS) 476 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg); 477 tos = ultmp; 478 break; 479 default: 480 usage(); 481 } 482 } 483 484 if (argc - optind != 1) 485 usage(); 486 target = argv[optind]; 487 488 switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) { 489 case 0: break; 490 case F_MASK: 491 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ; 492 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY; 493 phdr_len = MASK_LEN; 494 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 495 printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n"); 496 break; 497 case F_TIME: 498 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP; 499 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY; 500 phdr_len = TS_LEN; 501 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 502 printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n"); 503 break; 504 default: 505 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive."); 506 break; 507 } 508 icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 509 if (options & F_RROUTE) 510 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN; 511 maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len; 512 if (datalen > maxpayload) 513 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen, 514 maxpayload); 515 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 516 datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN]; 517 if (options & F_PINGFILLED) { 518 fill((char *)datap, payload); 519 } 520 if (source) { 521 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in)); 522 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET; 523 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) { 524 shostname = source; 525 } else { 526 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET); 527 if (!hp) 528 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 529 source, hstrerror(h_errno)); 530 531 sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in; 532 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) || 533 hp->h_length < 0) 534 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address"); 535 memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], 536 sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr)); 537 strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name, 538 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1); 539 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 540 shostname = snamebuf; 541 } 542 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1) 543 err(1, "bind"); 544 } 545 546 bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto)); 547 to = &whereto; 548 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 549 to->sin_len = sizeof *to; 550 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) { 551 hostname = target; 552 } else { 553 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET); 554 if (!hp) 555 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 556 target, hstrerror(h_errno)); 557 558 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr)) 559 errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address"); 560 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr); 561 strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 562 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 563 hostname = hnamebuf; 564 } 565 566 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 567 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options"); 568 569 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 570 errx(EX_USAGE, 571 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination"); 572 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL) 573 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 574 errx(EX_USAGE, 575 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination"); 576 577 if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN) /* can we time transfer */ 578 timing = 1; 579 580 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 581 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i) 582 *datap++ = i; 583 584 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 585 586 if (s < 0) { 587 errno = sockerrno; 588 err(EX_OSERR, "socket"); 589 } 590 hold = 1; 591 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 592 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 593 sizeof(hold)); 594 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 595 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 596 sizeof(hold)); 597 #ifdef IPSEC 598 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 599 if (options & F_POLICY) { 600 char *buf; 601 if (policy_in != NULL) { 602 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 603 if (buf == NULL) 604 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 605 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 606 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 607 err(EX_CONFIG, 608 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 609 free(buf); 610 } 611 612 if (policy_out != NULL) { 613 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 614 if (buf == NULL) 615 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 616 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 617 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 618 err(EX_CONFIG, 619 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 620 free(buf); 621 } 622 } 623 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 624 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 625 626 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 627 ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr; 628 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) { 629 mib[0] = CTL_NET; 630 mib[1] = PF_INET; 631 mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP; 632 mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL; 633 sz = sizeof(ttl); 634 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) 635 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); 636 } 637 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold)); 638 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 639 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 640 ip->ip_tos = tos; 641 ip->ip_id = 0; 642 ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0; 643 ip->ip_ttl = ttl; 644 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 645 ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY; 646 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; 647 } 648 /* record route option */ 649 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 650 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 651 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 652 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 653 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1; 654 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 655 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL; 656 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 657 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) 658 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS"); 659 #else 660 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, 661 "record route not available in this implementation"); 662 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 663 } 664 665 if (options & F_TTL) { 666 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, 667 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { 668 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL"); 669 } 670 } 671 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 672 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 673 sizeof(loop)) < 0) { 674 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 675 } 676 } 677 if (options & F_MTTL) { 678 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl, 679 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) { 680 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 681 } 682 } 683 if (options & F_MIF) { 684 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 685 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) { 686 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 687 } 688 } 689 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 690 { int on = 1; 691 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 692 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP"); 693 } 694 #endif 695 if (sweepmax) { 696 if (sweepmin >= sweepmax) 697 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum packet size must be greater than the minimum packet size"); 698 699 if (datalen != DEFDATALEN) 700 errx(EX_USAGE, "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive"); 701 702 if (npackets > 0) { 703 snpackets = npackets; 704 npackets = 0; 705 } else 706 snpackets = 1; 707 datalen = sweepmin; 708 send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin; 709 } 710 if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax) 711 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified"); 712 713 /* 714 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 715 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 716 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 717 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast 718 * or multicast pings if they wish. 719 */ 720 721 /* 722 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead 723 * as well. 724 */ 725 hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128; 726 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 727 sizeof(hold)); 728 if (uid == 0) 729 setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold, 730 sizeof(hold)); 731 732 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) { 733 printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname, 734 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); 735 if (source) 736 printf(" from %s", shostname); 737 if (sweepmax) 738 printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n", 739 sweepmin, sweepmax); 740 else 741 printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen); 742 743 } else { 744 if (sweepmax) 745 printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n", 746 hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax); 747 else 748 printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 749 } 750 751 /* 752 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics, 753 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set. 754 */ 755 756 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask); 757 si_sa.sa_flags = 0; 758 759 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 760 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 761 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT"); 762 } 763 764 si_sa.sa_handler = status; 765 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 766 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction"); 767 } 768 769 if (alarmtimeout > 0) { 770 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 771 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1) 772 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM"); 773 } 774 775 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg)); 776 msg.msg_name = &from; 777 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 778 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 779 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 780 msg.msg_control = ctrl; 781 #endif 782 iov.iov_base = (char *)packet; 783 iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET; 784 785 if (preload == 0) 786 pinger(); /* send the first ping */ 787 else { 788 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets) 789 preload = npackets; 790 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 791 pinger(); 792 } 793 gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 794 795 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 796 intvl.tv_sec = 0; 797 intvl.tv_usec = 10000; 798 } else { 799 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000; 800 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000; 801 } 802 803 almost_done = 0; 804 while (!finish_up) { 805 struct timeval now, timeout; 806 fd_set rfds; 807 int cc, n; 808 809 check_status(); 810 if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE) 811 errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large"); 812 FD_ZERO(&rfds); 813 FD_SET(s, &rfds); 814 gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 815 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec; 816 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec; 817 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) { 818 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000; 819 timeout.tv_sec--; 820 } 821 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) { 822 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000; 823 timeout.tv_sec++; 824 } 825 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0) 826 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0; 827 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); 828 if (n < 0) 829 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */ 830 if (n == 1) { 831 struct timeval *tv = NULL; 832 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 833 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl; 834 835 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl); 836 #endif 837 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from); 838 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) { 839 if (errno == EINTR) 840 continue; 841 warn("recvmsg"); 842 continue; 843 } 844 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 845 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && 846 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP && 847 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) { 848 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 849 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now)); 850 tv = &now; 851 } 852 #endif 853 if (tv == NULL) { 854 gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 855 tv = &now; 856 } 857 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv); 858 if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) || 859 (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)) 860 break; 861 } 862 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) { 863 if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) { 864 for (i = 0; i < sweepincr ; ++i) 865 *datap++ = i; 866 datalen += sweepincr; 867 if (datalen > sweepmax) 868 break; 869 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 870 sntransmitted = 0; 871 } 872 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 873 pinger(); 874 else { 875 if (almost_done) 876 break; 877 almost_done = 1; 878 intvl.tv_usec = 0; 879 if (nreceived) { 880 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000; 881 if (!intvl.tv_sec) 882 intvl.tv_sec = 1; 883 } else { 884 intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000; 885 intvl.tv_usec = waittime % 1000 * 1000; 886 } 887 } 888 gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 889 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) { 890 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1; 891 if (options & F_MISSED) 892 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 893 } 894 } 895 } 896 finish(); 897 /* NOTREACHED */ 898 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 899 } 900 901 /* 902 * stopit -- 903 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit. 904 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much 905 * to be called from a signal handler. 906 */ 907 void 908 stopit(int sig __unused) 909 { 910 911 /* 912 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not 913 * be noticed for a while. Just exit if we get a second SIGINT. 914 */ 915 if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up) 916 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2); 917 finish_up = 1; 918 } 919 920 /* 921 * pinger -- 922 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 923 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 924 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first TIMEVAL_LEN 925 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in 926 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 927 */ 928 static void 929 pinger(void) 930 { 931 struct timeval now; 932 struct tv32 tv32; 933 struct ip *ip; 934 struct icmp *icp; 935 int cc, i; 936 u_char *packet; 937 938 packet = outpack; 939 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 940 icp->icmp_type = icmp_type; 941 icp->icmp_code = 0; 942 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 943 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted); 944 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 945 946 CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck); 947 948 if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) { 949 gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 950 951 tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(now.tv_sec); 952 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_usec); 953 if (options & F_TIME) 954 icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60)) 955 * 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000); 956 if (timing) 957 bcopy((void *)&tv32, 958 (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len], 959 sizeof(tv32)); 960 } 961 962 cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen; 963 964 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 965 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 966 967 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 968 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 969 ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 970 ip->ip_len = cc; 971 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc); 972 packet = outpackhdr; 973 } 974 i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, 975 sizeof(whereto)); 976 977 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 978 if (i < 0) { 979 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) { 980 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF); 981 return; 982 } 983 warn("sendto"); 984 } else { 985 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes", 986 hostname, i, cc); 987 } 988 } 989 ntransmitted++; 990 sntransmitted++; 991 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 992 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 993 } 994 995 /* 996 * pr_pack -- 997 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 998 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 999 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 1000 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 1001 */ 1002 static void 1003 pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from, struct timeval *tv) 1004 { 1005 struct in_addr ina; 1006 u_char *cp, *dp; 1007 struct icmp *icp; 1008 struct ip *ip; 1009 const void *tp; 1010 double triptime; 1011 int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq; 1012 static int old_rrlen; 1013 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 1014 1015 /* Check the IP header */ 1016 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 1017 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1018 recv_len = cc; 1019 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 1020 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 1021 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 1022 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1023 return; 1024 } 1025 1026 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1027 cc -= hlen; 1028 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1029 if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) { 1030 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 1031 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 1032 ++nreceived; 1033 triptime = 0.0; 1034 if (timing) { 1035 struct timeval tv1; 1036 struct tv32 tv32; 1037 #ifndef icmp_data 1038 tp = &icp->icmp_ip; 1039 #else 1040 tp = icp->icmp_data; 1041 #endif 1042 tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len; 1043 1044 if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= (int)sizeof(tv1)) { 1045 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 1046 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32)); 1047 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1048 tv1.tv_usec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec); 1049 tvsub(tv, &tv1); 1050 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 1051 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 1052 tsum += triptime; 1053 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1054 if (triptime < tmin) 1055 tmin = triptime; 1056 if (triptime > tmax) 1057 tmax = triptime; 1058 } else 1059 timing = 0; 1060 } 1061 1062 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq); 1063 1064 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 1065 ++nrepeats; 1066 --nreceived; 1067 dupflag = 1; 1068 } else { 1069 SET(seq % mx_dup_ck); 1070 dupflag = 0; 1071 } 1072 1073 if (options & F_QUIET) 1074 return; 1075 1076 if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) { 1077 ++nrcvtimeout; 1078 return; 1079 } 1080 1081 if (options & F_FLOOD) 1082 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 1083 else { 1084 printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 1085 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 1086 seq); 1087 printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 1088 if (timing) 1089 printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 1090 if (dupflag) 1091 printf(" (DUP!)"); 1092 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 1093 write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 1094 if (options & F_MASK) { 1095 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */ 1096 printf(" mask=%s", 1097 pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask))); 1098 } 1099 if (options & F_TIME) { 1100 printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime)); 1101 printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime)); 1102 printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime)); 1103 } 1104 if (recv_len != send_len) { 1105 printf( 1106 "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1107 recv_len, send_len); 1108 } 1109 /* check the data */ 1110 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len]; 1111 dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len]; 1112 cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 1113 i = 0; 1114 if (timing) { /* don't check variable timestamp */ 1115 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1116 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1117 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN; 1118 i += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1119 } 1120 for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) { 1121 if (*cp != *dp) { 1122 printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 1123 i, *dp, *cp); 1124 printf("\ncp:"); 1125 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 1126 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1127 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1128 printf("\n\t"); 1129 printf("%2x ", *cp); 1130 } 1131 printf("\ndp:"); 1132 cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN]; 1133 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1134 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1135 printf("\n\t"); 1136 printf("%2x ", *cp); 1137 } 1138 break; 1139 } 1140 } 1141 } 1142 } else { 1143 /* 1144 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY. 1145 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent. 1146 * We can compare IP destination, protocol, 1147 * and ICMP type and ID. 1148 * 1149 * Only print all the error messages if we are running 1150 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally 1151 * available to those not running as root. 1152 */ 1153 #ifndef icmp_data 1154 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip; 1155 #else 1156 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data; 1157 #endif 1158 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1); 1159 1160 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) || 1161 (!(options & F_QUIET2) && 1162 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) && 1163 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) && 1164 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) && 1165 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) { 1166 printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 1167 pr_addr(from->sin_addr)); 1168 pr_icmph(icp); 1169 } else 1170 return; 1171 } 1172 1173 /* Display any IP options */ 1174 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1175 1176 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 1177 switch (*cp) { 1178 case IPOPT_EOL: 1179 hlen = 0; 1180 break; 1181 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1182 case IPOPT_SSRR: 1183 printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ? 1184 "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: "); 1185 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1186 hlen -= 2; 1187 cp += 2; 1188 if (j >= INADDR_LEN && 1189 j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1190 for (;;) { 1191 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1192 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1193 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1194 else 1195 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina)); 1196 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1197 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1198 j -= INADDR_LEN; 1199 if (j < INADDR_LEN) 1200 break; 1201 putchar('\n'); 1202 } 1203 } else 1204 printf("\t(truncated route)\n"); 1205 break; 1206 case IPOPT_RR: 1207 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN]; /* get length */ 1208 i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]; /* and pointer */ 1209 hlen -= 2; 1210 cp += 2; 1211 if (i > j) 1212 i = j; 1213 i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1214 if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) { 1215 old_rrlen = 0; 1216 continue; 1217 } 1218 if (i == old_rrlen 1219 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 1220 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1221 printf("\t(same route)"); 1222 hlen -= i; 1223 cp += i; 1224 break; 1225 } 1226 old_rrlen = i; 1227 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 1228 printf("\nRR: "); 1229 if (i >= INADDR_LEN && 1230 i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1231 for (;;) { 1232 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1233 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1234 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1235 else 1236 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina)); 1237 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1238 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1239 i -= INADDR_LEN; 1240 if (i < INADDR_LEN) 1241 break; 1242 putchar('\n'); 1243 } 1244 } else 1245 printf("\t(truncated route)"); 1246 break; 1247 case IPOPT_NOP: 1248 printf("\nNOP"); 1249 break; 1250 default: 1251 printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1252 break; 1253 } 1254 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1255 putchar('\n'); 1256 fflush(stdout); 1257 } 1258 } 1259 1260 /* 1261 * in_cksum -- 1262 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1263 */ 1264 u_short 1265 in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len) 1266 { 1267 int nleft, sum; 1268 u_short *w; 1269 union { 1270 u_short us; 1271 u_char uc[2]; 1272 } last; 1273 u_short answer; 1274 1275 nleft = len; 1276 sum = 0; 1277 w = addr; 1278 1279 /* 1280 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 1281 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 1282 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 1283 */ 1284 while (nleft > 1) { 1285 sum += *w++; 1286 nleft -= 2; 1287 } 1288 1289 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1290 if (nleft == 1) { 1291 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w; 1292 last.uc[1] = 0; 1293 sum += last.us; 1294 } 1295 1296 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1297 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1298 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1299 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1300 return(answer); 1301 } 1302 1303 /* 1304 * tvsub -- 1305 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 1306 * be >= in. 1307 */ 1308 static void 1309 tvsub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in) 1310 { 1311 1312 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 1313 --out->tv_sec; 1314 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 1315 } 1316 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 1317 } 1318 1319 /* 1320 * status -- 1321 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1322 */ 1323 1324 static void 1325 status(int sig __unused) 1326 { 1327 1328 siginfo_p = 1; 1329 } 1330 1331 static void 1332 check_status(void) 1333 { 1334 1335 if (siginfo_p) { 1336 siginfo_p = 0; 1337 fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.1f%%)", 1338 nreceived, ntransmitted, 1339 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0); 1340 if (nreceived && timing) 1341 fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max", 1342 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax); 1343 fprintf(stderr, "\n"); 1344 } 1345 } 1346 1347 /* 1348 * finish -- 1349 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1350 */ 1351 static void 1352 finish(void) 1353 { 1354 1355 signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1356 signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN); 1357 putchar('\n'); 1358 fflush(stdout); 1359 printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 1360 printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1361 printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 1362 if (nrepeats) 1363 printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1364 if (ntransmitted) { 1365 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1366 printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1367 else 1368 printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1369 ((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100.0) / 1370 ntransmitted); 1371 } 1372 if (nrcvtimeout) 1373 printf(", %ld packets out of wait time", nrcvtimeout); 1374 putchar('\n'); 1375 if (nreceived && timing) { 1376 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1377 double avg = tsum / n; 1378 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg; 1379 printf( 1380 "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1381 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari)); 1382 } 1383 1384 if (nreceived) 1385 exit(0); 1386 else 1387 exit(2); 1388 } 1389 1390 #ifdef notdef 1391 static char *ttab[] = { 1392 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1393 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1394 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1395 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1396 "Echo", 1397 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1398 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1399 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1400 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1401 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1402 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1403 }; 1404 #endif 1405 1406 /* 1407 * pr_icmph -- 1408 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1409 */ 1410 static void 1411 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp) 1412 { 1413 1414 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1415 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1416 printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1417 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1418 break; 1419 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1420 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1421 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1422 printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1423 break; 1424 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1425 printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1426 break; 1427 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1428 printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1429 break; 1430 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1431 printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1432 break; 1433 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1434 printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1435 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1436 break; 1437 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1438 printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1439 break; 1440 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1441 printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n"); 1442 break; 1443 default: 1444 printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 1445 icp->icmp_code); 1446 break; 1447 } 1448 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1449 #ifndef icmp_data 1450 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1451 #else 1452 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1453 #endif 1454 break; 1455 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1456 printf("Source Quench\n"); 1457 #ifndef icmp_data 1458 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1459 #else 1460 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1461 #endif 1462 break; 1463 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1464 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1465 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1466 printf("Redirect Network"); 1467 break; 1468 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1469 printf("Redirect Host"); 1470 break; 1471 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1472 printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1473 break; 1474 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1475 printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1476 break; 1477 default: 1478 printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1479 break; 1480 } 1481 printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1482 #ifndef icmp_data 1483 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1484 #else 1485 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1486 #endif 1487 break; 1488 case ICMP_ECHO: 1489 printf("Echo Request\n"); 1490 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1491 break; 1492 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1493 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1494 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1495 printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1496 break; 1497 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1498 printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1499 break; 1500 default: 1501 printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 1502 icp->icmp_code); 1503 break; 1504 } 1505 #ifndef icmp_data 1506 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1507 #else 1508 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1509 #endif 1510 break; 1511 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1512 printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1513 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1514 #ifndef icmp_data 1515 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1516 #else 1517 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1518 #endif 1519 break; 1520 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1521 printf("Timestamp\n"); 1522 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1523 break; 1524 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1525 printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1526 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1527 break; 1528 case ICMP_IREQ: 1529 printf("Information Request\n"); 1530 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1531 break; 1532 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1533 printf("Information Reply\n"); 1534 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1535 break; 1536 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1537 printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1538 break; 1539 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1540 printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1541 break; 1542 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1543 printf("Router Advertisement\n"); 1544 break; 1545 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1546 printf("Router Solicitation\n"); 1547 break; 1548 default: 1549 printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1550 } 1551 } 1552 1553 /* 1554 * pr_iph -- 1555 * Print an IP header with options. 1556 */ 1557 static void 1558 pr_iph(struct ip *ip) 1559 { 1560 u_char *cp; 1561 int hlen; 1562 1563 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1564 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1565 1566 printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1567 printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1568 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len), 1569 ntohs(ip->ip_id)); 1570 printf(" %1lx %04lx", 1571 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1572 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1573 printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ntohs(ip->ip_sum)); 1574 printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1575 printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1576 /* dump any option bytes */ 1577 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1578 printf("%02x", *cp++); 1579 } 1580 putchar('\n'); 1581 } 1582 1583 /* 1584 * pr_addr -- 1585 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1586 * a hostname. 1587 */ 1588 static char * 1589 pr_addr(struct in_addr ina) 1590 { 1591 struct hostent *hp; 1592 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1593 1594 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1595 !(hp = gethostbyaddr(&ina, 4, AF_INET))) 1596 return inet_ntoa(ina); 1597 else 1598 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1599 inet_ntoa(ina)); 1600 return(buf); 1601 } 1602 1603 /* 1604 * pr_retip -- 1605 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1606 */ 1607 static void 1608 pr_retip(struct ip *ip) 1609 { 1610 u_char *cp; 1611 int hlen; 1612 1613 pr_iph(ip); 1614 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1615 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1616 1617 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1618 printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1619 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1620 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1621 printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1622 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1623 } 1624 1625 static char * 1626 pr_ntime (n_time timestamp) 1627 { 1628 static char buf[10]; 1629 int hour, min, sec; 1630 1631 sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000; 1632 hour = sec / 60 / 60; 1633 min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60; 1634 sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60; 1635 1636 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec); 1637 1638 return (buf); 1639 } 1640 1641 static void 1642 fill(char *bp, char *patp) 1643 { 1644 char *cp; 1645 int pat[16]; 1646 u_int ii, jj, kk; 1647 1648 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) { 1649 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1650 errx(EX_USAGE, 1651 "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1652 1653 } 1654 ii = sscanf(patp, 1655 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1656 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1657 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1658 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1659 1660 if (ii > 0) 1661 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii) 1662 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1663 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1664 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1665 printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1666 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1667 printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1668 printf("\n"); 1669 } 1670 } 1671 1672 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) 1673 #define SECOPT " [-P policy]" 1674 #else 1675 #define SECOPT "" 1676 #endif 1677 static void 1678 usage(void) 1679 { 1680 1681 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n", 1682 "usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-G sweepmaxsize] [-g sweepminsize]", 1683 " [-h sweepincrsize] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]", 1684 " " SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize] [-t timeout]", 1685 " [-W waittime] [-z tos] host", 1686 " ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]", 1687 " [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]", 1688 " [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-W waittime]", 1689 " [-z tos] mcast-group"); 1690 exit(EX_USAGE); 1691 } 1692