1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2003 S�ren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org> 3.\" All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7.\" are met: 8.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer, 10.\" without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 15.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 16.\" 17.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES 19.\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. 20.\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, 21.\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT 22.\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, 23.\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY 24.\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT 25.\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF 26.\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man4/ata.4,v 1.72 2007/03/10 12:44:22 brueffer Exp $ 29.\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man4/nata.4,v 1.4 2008/01/01 12:16:40 swildner Exp $ 30.\" 31.Dd January 1, 2008 32.Dt NATA 4 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm nata , 36.Nm acd , 37.Nm ad , 38.Nm afd , 39.Nm ast 40.Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support: 43.Cd device isa 44.Cd device nata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 45.Cd device nata1 at isa? port IO_WD2 irq 15 46.Pp 47For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support: 48.Cd device pci 49.Cd device nata 50.Pp 51To support ATA compliant disk drives: 52.Cd device natadisk 53.Pp 54To support ATA software RAIDs: 55.Cd device nataraid 56.Pp 57To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives: 58.Cd device natapicd 59.Pp 60To support ATAPI floppy drives: 61.Cd device natapifd 62.Pp 63To support ATAPI tape drives: 64.Cd device natapist 65.Pp 66The following tunables are settable from the loader: 67.Bl -ohang 68.It Va hw.ata.ata_dma 69set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA). 70.It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma 71set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA). 72.It Va hw.ata.wc 73set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled). 74.Em WARNING : 75can cause data loss on power failures and crashes. 76.El 77.Sh DESCRIPTION 78The 79.Nm 80driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives, 81ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives 82connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards. 83.Pp 84.Nm Nata 85is the default ATA driver of 86.Dx . 87The old 88.Fx 4.8 89driver is still available, but deprecated. 90For more information, see 91.Xr ata 4 . 92.Pp 93The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are: 94.Pp 95.Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact 96.It Acard: 97ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R. 98.It ALI: 99M5229, M5281, M5287, M5288, M5289. 100.It AMD: 101AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111. 102.It ATI: 103IXP200, IXP300, IXP400. 104.It CMD: 105CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649. 106.It Cypress: 107Cypress 82C693. 108.It Cyrix: 109Cyrix 5530. 110.It HighPoint: 111HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374. 112.It Intel: 1136300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9. 114.It ITE: 115IT8211F, IT8212F. 116.It JMicron: 117JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368. 118.It Marvell 11988SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6081, 88SX6101, 88SX6141. 120.It National: 121SC1100. 122.It NetCell: 123NC3000, NC5000. 124.It nVidia: 125nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4. 126.It Promise: 127PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270, PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375, PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580, PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519, PDC40718, PDC40719. 128.It ServerWorks: 129HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8. 130.It Silicon Image: 131SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512. 132.It SiS: 133SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630, SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962, SIS963, SIS964, SIS965. 134.It VIA: 135VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686, VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237, VT8237A, VT8251. 136.El 137.Pp 138Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard 139busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is 140also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is 141not known what the chipset can do and how to program it. 142.Pp 143The 144.Nm 145driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters 146when the system is up and running. 147See 148.Xr natacontrol 8 . 149.Pp 150The 151.Nm 152driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default. 153However the 154.Nm 155driver sometimes warns: 156.Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device". 157This means that the 158.Nm 159driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present 160or could not be detected properly, or that one of the devices on the 161channel only accepts up to UDMA2/ATA33. 162.Pp 163Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the 164.Va hw.ata.atapi_dma 165tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers. 166Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are 167common even if the device capabilities indicate support. 168You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using 169.Xr natacontrol 8 , 170but be aware that your hardware might 171.Em not 172support it and can potentially 173.Em hang 174the entire system causing data loss. 175.Sh FILES 176.Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/config/GENERIC" -compact 177.It Pa /dev/ad* 178ATA disk device nodes 179.It Pa /dev/ar* 180ATA RAID device nodes 181.It Pa /dev/acd* 182ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes 183.It Pa /dev/afd* 184ATAPI floppy drive device nodes 185.It Pa /dev/ast* 186ATAPI tape drive device nodes 187.It Pa /sys/config/GENERIC 188sample generic kernel config file for 189.Nm 190based systems 191.El 192.Sh NOTES 193Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you 194.Em must 195use 80 conductor cables. 196Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm. 197In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the quality of the cables. 198SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification. 199.Pp 200Static device numbering (enabled with the 201.Dv ATA_STATIC_ID 202kernel option) reserves a number for each possibly connected disk, 203even when not present. 204This is useful in hotswap scenarios where disks should always show up 205as the same numbered device, and not depend on attach order. 206.Pp 207Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported. 208.Sh SEE ALSO 209.Xr ahci 4 , 210.Xr ata 4 , 211.Xr nataraid 4 , 212.Xr sili 4 , 213.Xr burncd 8 , 214.Xr natacontrol 8 215.Sh HISTORY 216The 217.Xr ata 4 218driver first appeared in 219.Fx 4.0 . 220A later version was imported into 221.Dx 1.7 222as 223.Nm . 224.Sh AUTHORS 225.An S\(/oren Schmidt 226.Aq sos@FreeBSD.org . 227