1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" @(#)intro.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 29.\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man8/intro.8,v 1.3.2.4 2002/08/08 09:45:32 ru Exp $ 30.\" $DragonFly: src/share/man/man8/intro.8,v 1.3 2006/04/14 05:45:15 swildner Exp $ 31.\" 32.Dd December 11, 1993 33.Dt INTRO 8 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm intro 37.Nd "introduction to system maintenance and operation commands" 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39This section contains information related to system operation 40and maintenance. 41It describes commands used to create new file systems, 42.Xr newfs 8 , 43verify the integrity of the file systems, 44.Xr fsck 8 , 45control disk usage, 46.Xr edquota 8 , 47maintain system backups, 48.Xr dump 8 , 49and recover files when disks die an untimely death, 50.Xr restore 8 . 51.\" The 52.\" .Xr format 8 53.\" manual 54.\" for the specific architecture the system is running on should be 55.\" consulted when formatting disks and tapes. 56Network related services like 57.Xr inetd 8 58and 59.Xr ftpd 8 60are also described. 61The 62.Xr crash 8 63manual page 64should be consulted to understand how to interpret system 65crash dumps. 66.Pp 67All commands set an exit status. 68Its value may be tested 69to see if the command completed normally. 70Unless otherwise noted (rare), the value 0 signifies successful 71completion of the command, while a value >0 indicates an error. 72Some commands attempt to describe the nature of the failure by using 73error codes defined in 74.Xr sysexits 3 , 75or set the status to arbitrary values >0 (typically 1), but many 76such values are not described in the manual. 77.Sh HISTORY 78The 79.Nm 80section manual page appeared in 81.Bx 4.2 . 82