1.\" 2.\" Copyright (C) 2002 Chad David <davidc@acns.ab.ca>. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as 9.\" the first lines of this file unmodified other than the possible 10.\" addition of one or more copyright notices. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice(s), this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 15.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY 16.\" EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 17.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 18.\" DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 19.\" DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 20.\" (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 21.\" SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER 22.\" CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 23.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 24.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH 25.\" DAMAGE. 26.\" 27.\" $FreeBSD: src/share/man/man9/lock.9,v 1.11 2003/09/08 19:57:21 ru Exp $ 28.\" 29.Dd January 25, 2024 30.Dt LOCK 9 31.Os 32.Sh NAME 33.Nm lockinit , 34.Nm lockmgr , 35.Nm lockmgr_try , 36.Nm lockstatus , 37.Nm lockmgr_printinfo , 38.Nm lockowned 39.Nd "lockmgr family of functions" 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.In sys/types.h 42.In sys/lock.h 43.Ft void 44.Fn lockinit "struct lock *lkp" "const char *wmesg" "int timo" "int flags" 45.Ft void 46.Fn lockuninit "struct lock *lkp" 47.Ft int 48.Fn lockmgr "struct lock *lkp" "u_int flags" 49.Ft boolean_t 50.Fn lockmgr_try "struct lock *lkp" "u_int flags" 51.Ft int 52.Fn lockstatus "struct lock *lkp" "struct thread *td" 53.Ft void 54.Fn lockmgr_printinfo "struct lock *lkp" 55.Ft int 56.Fn lockowned "struct lock *lkp" 57.Sh DESCRIPTION 58The 59.Fn lockinit 60function is used to initialize a lock. 61It must be called before any operation can be performed on a lock. 62Its arguments are: 63.Bl -tag -width ".Fa wmesg" 64.It Fa lkp 65A pointer to the lock to initialize. 66.It Fa wmesg 67The lock message. 68This is used for both debugging output and 69.Xr tsleep 9 . 70.It Fa timo 71The timeout value passed to 72.Xr tsleep 9 . 73.It Fa flags 74The flags the lock is to be initialized with. 75.Bl -tag -width ".Dv LK_CANRECURSE" 76.It Dv LK_NOWAIT 77Do not sleep while acquiring the lock. 78.It Dv LK_SLEEPFAIL 79Fail after a sleep. 80.It Dv LK_CANRECURSE 81Allow recursive exclusive locks. 82.It Dv LK_TIMELOCK 83Use 84.Fa timo 85during a sleep; otherwise, 0 is used. 86.El 87.El 88.Pp 89The 90.Fn lockuninit 91function destroys a lock that was previously initialized using 92.Fn lockinit . 93.Pp 94The 95.Fn lockmgr 96function handles general locking functionality within the kernel, including 97support for shared and exclusive locks, and recursion. 98.Fn lockmgr 99is also able to upgrade and downgrade locks. 100.Pp 101Its arguments are: 102.Bl -tag -width ".Fa flags" 103.It Fa lkp 104A pointer to the lock to manipulate. 105.It Fa flags 106Flags indicating what action is to be taken. 107.Bl -tag -width ".Dv LK_EXCLUPGRADE" 108.It Dv LK_SHARED 109Acquire a shared lock. 110If an exclusive lock is currently held, it will be downgraded. 111.It Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE 112Acquire an exclusive lock. 113If an exclusive lock is already held, and 114.Dv LK_CANRECURSE 115is not set, the system will 116.Xr panic 9 . 117.It Dv LK_DOWNGRADE 118Downgrade exclusive lock to a shared lock. 119Downgrading a shared lock is not permitted. 120If an exclusive lock has been recursed, all references will be downgraded. 121.It Dv LK_EXCLUPGRADE 122Upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock. 123Fails with 124.Er EBUSY 125if there is someone ahead of you in line waiting for an upgrade. 126If this call fails for any reason, the shared lock is lost. 127Attempts to upgrade an exclusive lock not already 128owned by the caller will cause a 129.Xr panic 9 , 130but otherwise will always succeed. 131NOTE! When this operation succeeds, it guarantees that no other 132exclusive lock was able to acquire the lock ahead of you, but 133as indicated above, if it fails your current shared lock is lost. 134.It Dv LK_UPGRADE 135Upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock. 136If this call fails for any reason, the shared lock is lost. 137Attempts to upgrade an exclusive lock not already 138owned by the caller will cause a 139.Xr panic 9 , 140but otherwise will always succeed. 141WARNING! This operation can block with the current lock temporarily 142released, and other exclusive or shared lock holders can inject before 143the lock is acquired on your behalf. 144.It Dv LK_RELEASE 145Release the lock. 146Releasing a lock that is not held can cause a 147.Xr panic 9 . 148.It Dv LK_SLEEPFAIL 149Fail if operation has slept. 150.It Dv LK_NOWAIT 151Do not allow the call to sleep. 152This can be used to test the lock. 153.It Dv LK_CANRECURSE 154Allow recursion on an exclusive lock. 155For every lock there must be a release. 156.El 157.El 158.Pp 159The 160.Fn lockmgr_try 161function is similar to 162.Fn lockmgr 163but it will not sleep and returns 164.Dv TRUE 165if the lock was successfully obtained and 166.Dv FALSE 167if it was not. 168.Pp 169The 170.Fn lockstatus 171function returns the status of the lock in relation to the 172.Vt thread 173passed to it. 174Note that if 175.Fa td 176is 177.Dv NULL 178and an exclusive lock is held, 179.Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE 180will be returned. 181.Pp 182The 183.Fn lockmgr_printinfo 184function prints debugging information about the lock. 185It is used primarily by 186.Xr VOP_PRINT 9 187functions. 188.Pp 189The 190.Fn lockowned 191function is used to determine whether the calling thread owns a lock. 192.Sh RETURN VALUES 193The 194.Fn lockmgr 195function returns 0 on success and non-zero on failure. 196.Pp 197The 198.Fn lockstatus 199function returns: 200.Bl -tag -width ".Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE" -offset indent 201.It Dv LK_EXCLUSIVE 202An exclusive lock is held by the thread 203.Fa td . 204.It Dv LK_EXCLOTHER 205An exclusive lock is held by someone other than the thread 206.Fa td . 207.It Dv LK_SHARED 208A shared lock is held. 209.It Li 0 210The lock is not held by anyone. 211.El 212.Pp 213The 214.Fn lockowned 215function returns a non-zero value if the caller owns the lock shared or 216exclusive. 217.Sh FILES 218.Bl -tag -width /sys/kern/kern_lock.c -compact 219.It Pa /sys/kern/kern_lock.c 220the lock manager implementation 221.It Pa /sys/sys/lock.h 222data structures and function prototypes for the lock manager 223.El 224.Sh ERRORS 225.Fn lockmgr 226fails if: 227.Bl -tag -width Er 228.It Bq Er EBUSY 229.Dv LK_NOWAIT 230was set, and a sleep would have been required. 231.It Bq Er ENOLCK 232.Dv LK_SLEEPFAIL 233was set and 234.Fn lockmgr 235did sleep. 236.It Bq Er EINTR 237.Dv PCATCH 238was set in the lock priority, and a signal was delivered during a sleep. 239Note the 240.Er ERESTART 241error below. 242.It Bq Er ERESTART 243.Dv PCATCH 244was set in the lock priority, a signal was delivered during a sleep, 245and the system call is to be restarted. 246.It Bq Er EWOULDBLOCK 247a non-zero timeout was given, and the timeout expired. 248.El 249.Sh LOCKS 250Upgrade attempts that fail result in the loss of the lock that 251is currently held. 252Also, it is invalid to upgrade an 253exclusive lock, and a 254.Xr panic 9 255will be the result of trying. 256.Sh SEE ALSO 257.Xr locking 9 , 258.Xr panic 9 , 259.Xr tsleep 9 , 260.Xr VOP_PRINT 9 261.Sh HISTORY 262The lock manager appeared in 263.Dx 1.0 . 264.Pp 265The lock manager API first appeared in 266.Bx 4.4 lite2 . 267.Sh AUTHORS 268This man page was written by 269.An Chad David Aq Mt davidc@acns.ab.ca . 270