1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / / | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ | 72 | / | / | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | (?) | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | NetBSD 5.0 OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | | \ | | 234 | | Mac OS X | | \ | | 235 | | 10.6 | | \ | | 236 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 237 | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 238 | | | | | | | | 239 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 240 | 8.0 | | | | | | | 241 | | FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 242 | | 7.3 | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 243 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 244 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 245 | 8.1 | | | | | | 246 | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 247 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 248 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 249 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 250 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 251 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 252 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 253 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 254 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 255 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 256 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 257 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 258 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 259 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 260 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 261 | | | | | | | | | 262 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 263 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 264 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 265 | | | Mac OS X | `----. | | 266 | | | 10.8 | \ | | 267 | | | | NetBSD 6.0 | | | 268 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 269 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 270 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 271 | | | | | | | | | | 272 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 273 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 274 | | | | | | | | | | 275 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 276 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 277 | | | | | | | | | 278 | | | | | | \ | | 279 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 280 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 281 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 282 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 283 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 284 | | | | | | | | | 285 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 286 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 287 | | | | | | | | | 288 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 289 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 290 | | | | | | | | | 291 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 292 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 293 | | | | | | | | | 294 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 295 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 296 | | | | | | | | 297 | | | | | |`-NetBSD 6.1 | | 298 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 299 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD 6.1.1 | | 300 | | | | | | | 301 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD 6.1.2 | | 302 | 9.2 Mac OS X | | | | 303 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 304 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 305 | \ | | | | | 306 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD 6.1.3 | | 307 | 10.0 | | | | | | 308 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 309 | | | | | | | | 310 | | | | | | | | 311 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 312 | | | | | NetBSD 6.1.4 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 317 | | | | | | | | 318 | | | | | | | | 319 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | | | 322 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 323 | | | | | | | | 324 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 325 | | 9.3 | | | | | 326 | | | | NetBSD 6.1.5 | DragonFly 3.8.2 327 | | Mac OS X | | | 328 | | 10.10 | | | 329 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 330 | FreeBSD | | | | 331 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 332 | | | | | | 333 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 334 | | | | | | 335 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 336 | | | | | | 337 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 338 | | | | | | 339 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 342 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 343 | FreeBSD | | | | 344 | 10.2 | | | | 345 | | macOS NetBSD 7.0 | | 346 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 347 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 348 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 349 | 10.3 | | | | | | 350 | | | | | NetBSD 7.0.1 | | 351 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 352 | | | | | | | | 353 | | | | | | | | 354 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 355 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD 7.0.2 | | 356 | | | | | | | | 357 | | | | | *- NetBSD 7.1 | | 358 | | | | | | | | 359 | | | | | | | | 360 | | | macOS | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 361 | | | 10.13 | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 362 | FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 363 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | 364 | | 10.4 | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 365 | | | | | | | 366 | | | | NetBSD 7.1.1 | DragonFly 5.0.2 367 | | | | | | | 368 | | | | NetBSD 7.1.2 | | 369 | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | OpenBSD 6.3 | 371 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.0 372 | | | | | | | 373 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 374 | | | | | | | 375 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 376 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD 8.0 | | 377 | 11.2 | | | | | 378 | v | | | | | 379 | | | v | | 380FreeBSD 12 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 381 | | | | | 382 v v v v v 383 384Time 385---------------- 386 387Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it 388was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 389 390[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 391 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 392 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 393[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 394[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 395[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 396[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 397[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 398[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 399 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 400[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 401 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 402[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 403 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 404 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 405[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 406[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 407[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 408[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 409[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/. 410[USE] Usenet announcement. 411[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 412[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 413 414Multics 1965 415UNIX Summer 1969 416 DEC PDP-7 417First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 418 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 419Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 420 10 UNIX installations 421Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 422 Pipes, 16 installations 423Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 424 rewriting in C effected, 425 above 30 installations 426Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 427 above 50 installations 428Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 429 port to DEC Vax 430Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 431 first portable UNIX 432Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 433 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 434 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 435 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 436 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 437 and networking part by the streams mechanism 438 439Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 440Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 441 4421BSD late 1977 443 1978-03-09 [QCU] 444 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 445 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 446 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 4472BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 448 75 2BSD tapes shipped 4492.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 4502.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 451 4522.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 453 set of performance improvements 4542.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 4552.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 4562.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 4572.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 4582.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 4592.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 4602.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 461 46232V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 4633BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 464 virtual memory, page replacement, 465 demand paging 4664.0BSD 1980-10-xx 4674.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 4684.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 469 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 4704.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 4714.1cBSD late 1982 472 beta release, IPC [44B] 4734.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 474 1983-08-03 [DOC] 4754.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 476 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 4774.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 4784.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 479 1989-01-01 [DOC] 4804.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 4814.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 482 483BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 484 first code released to people outside BSDI 485386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 486BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 487BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 488386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 4894.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 490BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 491 first external gamma; G customers 492BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 493 would have been 1.0 except for request 494 for preliminary injunction 495BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 496 injunction denied; first official release 497NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 4984.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 499NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 500FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 501FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 502 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 503BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 5044.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 505FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 506FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 507FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 508 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 509NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 510386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 511FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 512BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 513FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 514BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 5154.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 516 the true final distribution from the CSRG 517FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 518NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 519BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 520FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 521NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 522OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 523FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 524FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 525Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 526FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 527BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 528FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 529FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 530FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 531NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 532OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 533FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 534OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 535NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 536FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 537NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 538BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 539OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 540NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 541FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 542BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 543 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 544FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 545 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 546 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 547 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 548FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 549OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 550NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 551FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 552BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 553NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 554FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 555OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 556NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 557FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 558OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 559FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 560BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 561FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 562NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 563OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 564FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 565FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 566FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 567FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 568FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 569NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 570BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 571OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 572NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 573Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 574FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 575OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 576NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 577NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 578FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 579Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 580OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 581FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 582BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 583OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 584FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 585NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 586FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 587Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 588NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 589FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 590OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 591FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 592 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 593 -current, similar to 3.0. 594FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 595NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 596OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 597BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 598FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 599Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 600FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 601BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 602OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 603FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 604FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 605NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 606OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 607FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 608DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 609OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 610FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 611NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 612FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 613DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 614NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 615Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 616FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 617OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 618NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 619OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 620FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 621NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 622NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 623DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 624FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 625OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 626FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 627FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 628NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 629DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 630OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 631NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 632NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 633FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 634DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 635OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 636DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 637Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 638OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 639NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 640FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 641DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 642FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 643OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 644DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 645OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 646FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 647FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 648DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 649NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 650OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 651FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 652Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 653NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 654DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 655OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 656FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 657NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 658FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 659DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 660OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 661FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 662DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 663OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 664NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 665FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 666FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 667DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 668OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 669Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 670OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 671FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 672NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 673DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 674FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 675OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 676Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 677NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 678OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 679DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 680NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 681NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 682FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 683DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 684OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 685NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 686NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 687FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 688NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 689NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 690NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 691FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 692NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 693NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 694Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 695OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 696DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 697FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 698NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 699NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 700NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 701NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 702DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 703DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 704NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 705NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 706OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 707DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 708DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 709DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 710FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 711DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 712NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 713NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 714Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 715OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 716FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 717DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 718DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 719DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 720DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 721DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 722OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 723DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 724FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 725NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 726OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 727OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 728DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 729OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 730FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 731NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 732DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 733OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 734macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 735FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 736NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 737NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 738DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 739OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 740FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 741macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 742FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 743OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 744DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 745DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 746DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 747NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 748NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 749OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 750DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 751DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 752DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 753FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 754NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 755 756Bibliography 757------------------------ 758 759Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 760Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 761System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 762 763Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 764Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 765 766McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 767Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 768System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 769 770McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 771Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 772Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 773 774McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 775Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 776Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 777 778Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 779 780Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 781Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 782Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 783 784Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 785URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 786 787Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 788Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 789 790BSD Release Announcements collection. 791URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 792 793BSD Hypertext Man Pages 794URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 795 796UNIX history graphing project 797URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 798 799UNIX history 800URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/ 801 802James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 803URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 804("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 805 806 807Acknowledgments 808--------------- 809 810Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 811original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 812 813Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 814 815-- 816Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 817URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 818 819$FreeBSD: head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 336757 2018-07-27 10:40:48Z eadler $ 820