1# @(#)africa 8.7 2# <pre> 3 4# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 5# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 6# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 7 8# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 9# 10# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 11# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 12# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 13# 14# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 15# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 16# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 17# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 18# of the IATA's data after 1990. 19# 20# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 21# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 22# 23# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 24# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 25# I found in the UCLA library. 26# 27# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 28# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 29# 30# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 31# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 32# but Mark R V Murray reports that 33# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 34# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 35# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 36# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 37# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 38# 39# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 40# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 41# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 42# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 43# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 44# 45# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 46# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 47# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 48# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 49# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 50# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 51# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 52# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 53# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 54# until we get more information. 55# 56# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 57# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 58# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 59# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 60# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 61# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 62# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 63# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 64 65# Algeria 66# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 67Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 68Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 69Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 70Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 71Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 72Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 74Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 76Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 78Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 79Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 80Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 81Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 82Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 86Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 87Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 88Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 89# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 90# more precise 0:09:21. 91# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 92Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 93 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 94 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 95 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 96 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 97 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 98 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 99 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 101 1:00 - CET 102 103# Angola 104# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 105Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 106 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 107 1:00 - WAT 108 109# Benin 110# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 111# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 112# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 113Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 114 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 115 1:00 - WAT 116 117# Botswana 118# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 119Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 120 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 121 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 122 2:00 - CAT 123 124# Burkina Faso 125# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 126Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 127 0:00 - GMT 128 129# Burundi 130# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 131Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 132 2:00 - CAT 133 134# Cameroon 135# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 136# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 137Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 138 1:00 - WAT 139 140# Cape Verde 141# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 142Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 143 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 144 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 145 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 146 -1:00 - CVT 147 148# Central African Republic 149# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 150Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 151 1:00 - WAT 152 153# Chad 154# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 155Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 156 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 157 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 158 1:00 - WAT 159 160# Comoros 161# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 162Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 163 3:00 - EAT 164 165# Democratic Republic of Congo 166# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 167Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 168 1:00 - WAT 169Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 170 2:00 - CAT 171 172# Republic of the Congo 173# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 174Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 175 1:00 - WAT 176 177# Cote D'Ivoire 178# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 179Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 180 0:00 - GMT 181 182# Djibouti 183# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 184Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 185 3:00 - EAT 186 187############################################################################### 188 189# Egypt 190 191# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 192Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 193Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 194Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 195Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 196Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 197Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 198Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 199Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 200Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 201Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 202Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 203Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 204Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 205Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 206Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 207Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 208Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 209Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 210Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 211# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 212# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 213Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 214Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 215# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 216# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 217# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 218# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 219# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 220Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 221Rule Egypt 2007 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 222 223# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 224Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 225 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 226 227# Equatorial Guinea 228# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 229Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 230 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 231 1:00 - WAT 232 233# Eritrea 234# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 235Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 236 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 237 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 238 3:00 - EAT 239 240# Ethiopia 241# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 242# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 243# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 244# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 245# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 246Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 247 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 248 3:00 - EAT 249 250# Gabon 251# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 252Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 253 1:00 - WAT 254 255# Gambia 256# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 257Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 258 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 259 -1:00 - WAT 1964 260 0:00 - GMT 261 262# Ghana 263# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 264# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 265# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 266Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 267Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 268# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 269Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 270 0:00 Ghana %s 271 272# Guinea 273# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 274Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 275 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 276 -1:00 - WAT 1960 277 0:00 - GMT 278 279# Guinea-Bissau 280# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 281Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 282 -1:00 - WAT 1975 283 0:00 - GMT 284 285# Kenya 286# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 287Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 288 3:00 - EAT 1930 289 2:30 - BEAT 1940 290 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 291 3:00 - EAT 292 293# Lesotho 294# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 295Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 296 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 297 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 298 2:00 - SAST 299 300# Liberia 301# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 302# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 303# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 304# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 305# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 306# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 307# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 308# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 309# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 310Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 311 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 312 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 313 0:00 - GMT 314 315############################################################################### 316 317# Libya 318 319# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 320Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 321Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 322Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 323Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 324Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 325Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 326Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 327Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 328Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 329Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 330Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 331Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 332Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 333# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 334Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 335 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 336 2:00 - EET 1982 337 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 338# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 339# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 340 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 341 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 342 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 343 2:00 - EET 344 345# Madagascar 346# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 347Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 348 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 349 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 350 3:00 - EAT 351 352# Malawi 353# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 354Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 355 2:00 - CAT 356 357# Mali 358# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 359Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 360 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 361 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 362 0:00 - GMT 363 364# Mauritania 365# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 366Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 367 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 368 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 369 0:00 - GMT 370 371# Mauritius 372# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 373Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 374 4:00 - MUT # Mauritius Time 375# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 376# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 377 378# Mayotte 379# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 380Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 381 3:00 - EAT 382 383# Morocco 384# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 385# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 386Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 387Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 388Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 389Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 390Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 391Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 392Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 393Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 394Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 395Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 396Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 397Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 398Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 399Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 400Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 401# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 402Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 403 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 404 1:00 - CET 1986 405 0:00 - WET 406# Western Sahara 407Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 408 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 409 0:00 - WET 410 411# Mozambique 412# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 413Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 414 2:00 - CAT 415 416# Namibia 417# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 418# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 419# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 420Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 421Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 422# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 423Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 424 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 425 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 426 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 427 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 428 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 429 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 430 431# Niger 432# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 433Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 434 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 435 0:00 - GMT 1960 436 1:00 - WAT 437 438# Nigeria 439# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 440Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 441 1:00 - WAT 442 443# Reunion 444# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 445Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 446 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 447# 448# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 449# The following information about them is taken from 450# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 451# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 452# We have no info about their time zone histories. 453# 454# Bassas da India - uninhabited 455# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 456# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 457# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 458# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 459 460# Rwanda 461# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 462Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 463 2:00 - CAT 464 465# St Helena 466# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 467Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 468 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 469 0:00 - GMT 470# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 471# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 472# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 473# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 474# on GMT, says the CIA 475# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 476 477# Sao Tome and Principe 478# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 479Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 480 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 481 0:00 - GMT 482 483# Senegal 484# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 485Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 486 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 487 0:00 - GMT 488 489# Seychelles 490# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 491Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 492 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 493# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 494# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 495# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 496# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 497# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 498# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 499 500# Sierra Leone 501# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 502# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 503Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 504Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 505Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 506Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 507# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 508Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 509 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 510 -1:00 SL %s 1957 511 0:00 SL %s 512 513# Somalia 514# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 515Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 516 3:00 - EAT 1931 517 2:30 - BEAT 1957 518 3:00 - EAT 519 520# South Africa 521# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 522Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 523Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 524# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 525Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 526 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 527 2:00 SA SAST 528# Marion and Prince Edward Is 529# scientific station since 1947 530# no information 531 532# Sudan 533# 534# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 535# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 536# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 537# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 538# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 539# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 540# 541# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 542Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 543Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 544Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 545Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 546# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 547Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 548 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 549 3:00 - EAT 550 551# Swaziland 552# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 553Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 554 2:00 - SAST 555 556# Tanzania 557# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 558Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 559 3:00 - EAT 1948 560 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 561 3:00 - EAT 562 563# Togo 564# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 565Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 566 0:00 - GMT 567 568# Tunisia 569 570# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 571# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 572# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 573# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 574# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 575# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 576# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 577# Saturday." (My translation) 578# 579# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 580# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 581# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 582# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 583# 1h standard time. 584# 585# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 586# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 587# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 588# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 589# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 590 591# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 592Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 593Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 594Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 595Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 596Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 597Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 598Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 599Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 600Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 601Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 602Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 603Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 604Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 605Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 606Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 607Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 608Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 609Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 610Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 611Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 612Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 613Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 614Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 615Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 616Rule Tunisia 2006 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 617# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 618# more precise 0:09:21. 619# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 620# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 621Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 622 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 623 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 624 625# Uganda 626# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 627Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 628 3:00 - EAT 1930 629 2:30 - BEAT 1948 630 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 631 3:00 - EAT 632 633# Zambia 634# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 635Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 636 2:00 - CAT 637 638# Zimbabwe 639# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 640Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 641 2:00 - CAT 642