1# <pre> 2# @(#)africa 8.28 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 33# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 34# but Mark R V Murray reports that 35# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 36# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 37# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 38# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 39# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 40# 41# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 42# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 43# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 44# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 45# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 46# 47# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 48# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 49# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 50# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 51# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 52# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 53# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 54# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 55# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 56# until we get more information. 57# 58# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 59# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 60# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 61# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 62# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 63# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 64# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 65# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 66 67# Algeria 68# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 69Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 70Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 71Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 72Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 74Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 76Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 78Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 79Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 80Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 81Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 82Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 86Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 87Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 88Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 89Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 90Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 91# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 92# more precise 0:09:21. 93# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 94Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 95 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 96 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 97 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 98 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 99 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 101 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 102 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 103 1:00 - CET 104 105# Angola 106# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 107Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 108 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 109 1:00 - WAT 110 111# Benin 112# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 113# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 115Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 116 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 117 1:00 - WAT 118 119# Botswana 120# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 121Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 122 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 123 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 124 2:00 - CAT 125 126# Burkina Faso 127# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 128Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 129 0:00 - GMT 130 131# Burundi 132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 134 2:00 - CAT 135 136# Cameroon 137# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 138# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 140 1:00 - WAT 141 142# Cape Verde 143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 144Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 145 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 146 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 147 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 148 -1:00 - CVT 149 150# Central African Republic 151# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 152Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 153 1:00 - WAT 154 155# Chad 156# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 157Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 158 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 159 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 160 1:00 - WAT 161 162# Comoros 163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 164Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 165 3:00 - EAT 166 167# Democratic Republic of Congo 168# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 169Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 170 1:00 - WAT 171Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 172 2:00 - CAT 173 174# Republic of the Congo 175# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 176Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 177 1:00 - WAT 178 179# Cote D'Ivoire 180# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 181Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 182 0:00 - GMT 183 184# Djibouti 185# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 186Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 187 3:00 - EAT 188 189############################################################################### 190 191# Egypt 192 193# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 194Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 195Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 196Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 197Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 198Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 199Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 200Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 201Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 202Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 203Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 204Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 205Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 206Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 207Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 208Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 209Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 210Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 211Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 212Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 213# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 214# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 215Rule Egypt 1995 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 216Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 217# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 218# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 219# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 220# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 221# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 222Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 223# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 224# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 225# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 226# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 227# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 228# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 229# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 230# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 231Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 232# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 233# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 234# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 235# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 236# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 237# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 238# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 239# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 240# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 241 242# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 243# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 244# 245# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 246# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 247# Apr 23 248# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 249# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 250# Apr 24 251# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 252# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 253# Aug 27 254# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 255# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 256# Aug 27 257# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 258# 259# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 260# :59) 261# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 262# 263# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 264# 265# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 266# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 267# </a> 268# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 269# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 270# </a> 271# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 272# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 273# </a> 274 275# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 276# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 277# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 278# in September. 279 280# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 281# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 282# Information and Decision Support Center: 283# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 284# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 285# </a> 286# 287# The Middle East News Agency 288# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 289# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 290# </a> 291# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 292# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 293# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 294# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 295# (at least today). 296 297# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 298# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 299# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 300# Ramadan. 301# 302# Arabic translation: 303# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 304# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 305# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 306# </a> 307# or 308# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 309# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 310# </a> 311 312Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 313Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 - 314Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 315Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S 316Rule Egypt 2010 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 317 318# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 319Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 320 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 321 322# Equatorial Guinea 323# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 324Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 325 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 326 1:00 - WAT 327 328# Eritrea 329# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 330Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 331 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 332 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 333 3:00 - EAT 334 335# Ethiopia 336# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 337# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 338# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 339# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 340# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 341Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 342 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 343 3:00 - EAT 344 345# Gabon 346# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 347Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 348 1:00 - WAT 349 350# Gambia 351# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 352Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 353 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 354 -1:00 - WAT 1964 355 0:00 - GMT 356 357# Ghana 358# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 359# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 360# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 361Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 362Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 363# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 364Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 365 0:00 Ghana %s 366 367# Guinea 368# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 369Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 370 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 371 -1:00 - WAT 1960 372 0:00 - GMT 373 374# Guinea-Bissau 375# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 376Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 377 -1:00 - WAT 1975 378 0:00 - GMT 379 380# Kenya 381# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 382Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 383 3:00 - EAT 1930 384 2:30 - BEAT 1940 385 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 386 3:00 - EAT 387 388# Lesotho 389# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 390Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 391 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 392 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 393 2:00 - SAST 394 395# Liberia 396# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 397# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 398# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 399# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 400# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 401# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 402# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 403# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 404# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 405Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 406 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 407 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 408 0:00 - GMT 409 410############################################################################### 411 412# Libya 413 414# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 415Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 416Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 417Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 418Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 419Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 420Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 421Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 422Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 423Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 424Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 425Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 426Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 427Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 428# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 429Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 430 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 431 2:00 - EET 1982 432 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 433# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 434# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 435 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 436 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 437 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 438 2:00 - EET 439 440# Madagascar 441# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 442Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 443 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 444 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 445 3:00 - EAT 446 447# Malawi 448# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 449Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 450 2:00 - CAT 451 452# Mali 453# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 454Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 455 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 456 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 457 0:00 - GMT 458 459# Mauritania 460# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 461Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 462 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 463 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 464 0:00 - GMT 465 466# Mauritius 467 468# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 469# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 470# basis.... 471# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 472# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 473# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 474 475# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 476# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 477 478# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 479# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 480# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 481# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 482 483# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 484# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 485 486# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 487# According to 488# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 489# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 490# </a> 491# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 492# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 493# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 494# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 495# 496# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 497# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 498# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 499# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 500# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 501# changes two days later. 502 503# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 504# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 505# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 506# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 507# 508# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 509# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 510# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 511# ... 512# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 513# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 514# </a> 515 516# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 517# The Government of Mauritius weblink 518# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 519# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 520# </a> 521# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 522# 523# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 524# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 525# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 526# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 527# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 528# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 529# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 530# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 531# and end on 29 March 2009. 532 533# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 534# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 535# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 536# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 537# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 538# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 539# </a> 540 541# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 542# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 543# DST the coming summer... 544# 545# Some sources, in French: 546# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 547# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 548# </a> 549# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 550# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 551# </a> 552# 553# Our wrap-up: 554# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 555# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 556# </a> 557 558# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 559# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 560# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 561# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 562 563# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 564Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 565Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 566Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 567Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 568# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 569Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 570 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 571# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 572# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 573 574# Mayotte 575# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 576Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 577 3:00 - EAT 578 579# Morocco 580# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 581 582# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 583# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 584# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 585# 586# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 587# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 588# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 589# 590# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 591# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 592# </a> 593# OR 594# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 595# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 596# </a> 597 598# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 599# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 600# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 601# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 602# </a> 603# 604# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 605# spokesman. 606 607# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 608# According to this article: 609# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 610# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 611# </a> 612# (and republished here: 613# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 614# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 615# </a> 616# ) 617# the changes occurs at midnight: 618# 619# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 620# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 621# sunday night the 28th at midnight 622# 623# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 624# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 625# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 626# june1st to sept 27th. 627# 628# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 629# published on the web. 630# 631# It's also confirmed here: 632# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 633# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 634# </a> 635# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 636# posted in english). 637# 638# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 639# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 640# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 641# </a> 642 643# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 644# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 645# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 646# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 647# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 648 649# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 650# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 651 652# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 653# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 654# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 655# of September: 656# 657# One article about it (in French): 658# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 659# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 660# </a> 661# 662# We have some further details posted here: 663# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 664# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 665# </a> 666 667# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 668# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 669# to many sources, such as 670# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 671# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 672# </a> 673# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 674# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 675# </a> 676# (French) 677# 678# Our summary: 679# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 680# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 681# </a> 682 683# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 684# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 685# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 686# 687# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 688# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 689# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 690# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 691# 692# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 693# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 694# </a> 695# 696# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 697# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 698# </a> 699 700# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 701# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 702# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 703# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 704# 705# Example: 706# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 707# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 708# </a> 709# (French) 710# Our page: 711# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 712# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 713# </a> 714 715# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 716 717Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 718Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 719Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 720Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 721Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 722Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 723Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 724Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 725Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 726Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 727Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 728Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 729Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 730Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 731Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 732Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 733Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 734Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 735Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 736Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 737Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 738# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 739Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 740 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 741 1:00 - CET 1986 742 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 743# Western Sahara 744Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 745 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 746 0:00 - WET 747 748# Mozambique 749# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 750Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 751 2:00 - CAT 752 753# Namibia 754# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 755# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 756 757# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 758# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 759# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 760# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 761# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 762# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 763# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 764# of the country. 765# 766# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 767# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 768# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 769 770# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 771Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 772Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 773# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 774Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 775 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 776 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 777 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 778 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 779 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 780 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 781 782# Niger 783# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 784Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 785 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 786 0:00 - GMT 1960 787 1:00 - WAT 788 789# Nigeria 790# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 791Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 792 1:00 - WAT 793 794# Reunion 795# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 796Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 797 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 798# 799# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 800# The following information about them is taken from 801# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 802# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 803# We have no info about their time zone histories. 804# 805# Bassas da India - uninhabited 806# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 807# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 808# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 809# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 810 811# Rwanda 812# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 813Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 814 2:00 - CAT 815 816# St Helena 817# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 818Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 819 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 820 0:00 - GMT 821# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 822# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 823# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 824# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 825# on GMT, says the CIA 826# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 827 828# Sao Tome and Principe 829# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 830Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 831 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 832 0:00 - GMT 833 834# Senegal 835# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 836Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 837 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 838 0:00 - GMT 839 840# Seychelles 841# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 842Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 843 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 844# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 845# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 846# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 847# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 848# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 849# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 850 851# Sierra Leone 852# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 853# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 854Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 855Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 856Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 857Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 858# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 859Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 860 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 861 -1:00 SL %s 1957 862 0:00 SL %s 863 864# Somalia 865# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 866Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 867 3:00 - EAT 1931 868 2:30 - BEAT 1957 869 3:00 - EAT 870 871# South Africa 872# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 873Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 874Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 875# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 876Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 877 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 878 2:00 SA SAST 879# Marion and Prince Edward Is 880# scientific station since 1947 881# no information 882 883# Sudan 884# 885# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 886# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 887# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 888# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 889# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 890# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 891# 892# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 893Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 894Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 895Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 896Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 897# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 898Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 899 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 900 3:00 - EAT 901 902# Swaziland 903# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 904Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 905 2:00 - SAST 906 907# Tanzania 908# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 909Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 910 3:00 - EAT 1948 911 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 912 3:00 - EAT 913 914# Togo 915# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 916Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 917 0:00 - GMT 918 919# Tunisia 920 921# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 922# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 923# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 924# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 925# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 926# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 927# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 928# Saturday." (My translation) 929# 930# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 931# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 932# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 933# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 934# 1h standard time. 935# 936# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 937# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 938# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 939# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 940# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 941 942# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 943# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 944# (Arabic) 945# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 946# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 947# </a> 948# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 949# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 950# </a> 951# 952# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 953# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 954# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 955# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 956# </a> 957 958# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 959# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 960# 961# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 962# 963# (in English) 964# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 965# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 966# </a> 967# 968# (in Arabic) 969# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 970# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 971# </a> 972 973# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 974# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 975# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 976# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 977# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 978 979# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 980# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 981# 982# (translation): 983# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 984# Sunday... 985# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 986# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 987# 988# (in Arabic) 989# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 990# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 991# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 992# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 993# or 994# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 995# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 996 997# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 998Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 999Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1000Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1001Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1002Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1003Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1004Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1005Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1006Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1007Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1008Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1009Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1010Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1011Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1012Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1013Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1014Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1015Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1016Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1017Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1018Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1019Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1020Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1021Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1022Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1023 1024# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1025# more precise 0:09:21. 1026# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1027# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1028Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1029 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1030 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1031 1032# Uganda 1033# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1034Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 1035 3:00 - EAT 1930 1036 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1037 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 1038 3:00 - EAT 1039 1040# Zambia 1041# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1042Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 1043 2:00 - CAT 1044 1045# Zimbabwe 1046# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1047Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 1048 2:00 - CAT 1049