1# @(#)asia 7.82 2 3# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 4# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 5# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 6 7# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-03-22): 8# 9# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 10# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition), 11# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999). 12# 13# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 14# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 15# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 16# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 17# of the IATA's data after 1990. 18# 19# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990, 20# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 21# 22# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 23# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 24# I found in the UCLA library. 25# 26# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 27# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 28# 29# I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 30# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 31# Corrections are welcome! 32# std dst 33# LMT Local Mean Time 34# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 35# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 36# 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 37# 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 38# 4:00 GST Gulf* 39# 5:30 IST India 40# 7:00 ICT Indochina* 41# 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 42# 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 43# 8:00 CST China 44# 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 45# 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 46# 9:00 JST Japan 47# 9:00 KST Korea 48# 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 49# 50# See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 51 52# From Guy Harris: 53# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 54# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 55# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 56# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 57 58############################################################################### 59 60# These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 61# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 62Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 63Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 64Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 65Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 66Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 67Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 68Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 69Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 70Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 71Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 72Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 73Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 74Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 75Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 76 77# Afghanistan 78# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 79Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 80 4:00 - AFT 1945 81 4:30 - AFT 82 83# Armenia 84# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): 85# Shanks has Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) in spring 1991, 86# then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then readopting Russian DST in 1997. 87# Go with Shanks, even when he disagrees with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 88# <edd@AIC.NET> reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 89# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 90# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 91# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 92# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 93Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 94 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 95 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 96 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 97 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 98 4:00 - AMT 1997 99 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 100 101# Azerbaijan 102# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 103Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 S 104Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 1:00 0 - 105# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 106Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 107 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 108 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 109 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 110 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 111 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 112 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 113 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 114 115# Bahrain 116# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 117Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 118 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 119 3:00 - AST 120 121# Bangladesh 122# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 123Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 124 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 125 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 126 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 127 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 128 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 129 6:00 - BDT # Bangladesh Time 130 131# Bhutan 132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 134 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 135 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 136 137# British Indian Ocean Territory 138# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 139# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 140# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 141# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 142# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 144Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 145 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 146 6:00 - IOT 147 148# Brunei 149# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 150Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 151 7:30 - BNT 1933 152 8:00 - BNT 153 154# Burma / Myanmar 155# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 157 6:24:36 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 158 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 159 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 160 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 161 162# Cambodia 163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 164Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 165 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 166 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 167 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 168 7:00 - ICT 169 170# China 171 172# From Guy Harris: 173# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 174 175# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 176# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 177# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 178# Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 179# has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 180# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 181# 182# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 183# painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 184# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 185# 186# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 187# 1987 mid-April - ?? 188 189# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 190# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 191# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 192 193# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-12-19): 194# Shanks writes that China has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, 195# observing summer DST from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 196# note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 197# Go with Shanks for now. I made up names for the other pre-1980 time zones. 198 199# From Shanks: 200# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 201Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 202Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 203Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 204Rule PRC 1949 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 205Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 206Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 207Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 208# 209# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 210# 211# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 212# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 213# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 214# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949): 215# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 216Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 217 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 218 8:00 - CST 1940 219 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 220 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 221 8:00 PRC C%sT 222# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 223Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:52 - LMT 1928 224 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 225 8:00 PRC C%sT 226# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 227Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 228 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 229 8:00 PRC C%sT 230# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 231Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 232 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 233 8:00 PRC C%sT 234# Kunlun Time 235Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 236 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 237 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 238 8:00 PRC C%sT 239 240# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 241# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 242Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 243Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 244Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 245Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 246Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 247Rule HK 1948 1952 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 248Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 249Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 250Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 251Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 252Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 253Rule HK 1965 1977 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 254Rule HK 1965 1977 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 255Rule HK 1979 1980 - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 256Rule HK 1979 1980 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 257# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 258Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:36 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 259 8:00 HK HK%sT 260 261 262############################################################################### 263 264# Taiwan 265 266# Shanks writes that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 267# was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 268# have any other information. 269 270# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 271Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 272Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 273Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 274Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 275Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 276Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 277Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 278Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 279Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 280Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 281Rule Taiwan 1980 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 282# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 283Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 284 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 285 286# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 287# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 288Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 289Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 290Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 291Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 292Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 293Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 294Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 295Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 296Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 297Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 298Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 299Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 300Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 301Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 302# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 303Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 304 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 305 8:00 PRC C%sT 306 307 308############################################################################### 309 310# Cyprus 311# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 312Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 313Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 314Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 315Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 316Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 317Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 318Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 319Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 320Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 321# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 322Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 323 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 324 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 325# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 326 327# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 328# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 329Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 330 331# Georgia 332# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1994-11-19): 333# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 334# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 335# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 336# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 337# 338# From Mathew Englander <mathew@io.org>, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 339# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 340# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 341# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 342# 343# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 344# 345# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 346# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 347# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 348# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 349# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 350# of integration into Europe. 351 352# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 353Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 354 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 355 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 356 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 357 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 358 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 359 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 360 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 361 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 362 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 363 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 364 365# East Timor 366 367# From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 368# <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 369# East Timor may be late for its millennium 370# </a> (1999-12-26/31): 371# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 372# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 373# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 374# conflicts with their way of life. 375 376# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 377# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 378# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 379 380# <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 381# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 382# (2000-08-16)</a>: 383# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 384# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 385# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 386# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 387 388# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 389Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 390 8:00 - TPT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 391 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 392 9:00 - TPT 1976 May 3 393 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 394 9:00 - TPT 395 396# India 397# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 398Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 399 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 400 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 401 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 402 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 403 5:30 - IST 404# The following are like Asia/Calcutta: 405# Andaman Is 406# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 407# Nicobar Is 408 409# Indonesia 410# 411# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks: 412# <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 413# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 414# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 415# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 416# 417# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 418Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 419# Shanks says the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 420# but this must be a typo. 421 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 422 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 423 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 424 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 425 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 426 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 427 7:30 - WIT 1964 428 7:00 - WIT 429Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 430 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 431 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 432 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 433 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 434 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 435 7:30 - WIT 1964 436 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 437 7:00 - WIT 438Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 439 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 440 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 441 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 442 8:00 - CIT 443Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 444 9:00 - EIT 1944 445 9:30 - CST 1964 446 9:00 - EIT 447 448# Iran 449 450# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 451# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 452# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 453# 454# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 455# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 456# 457# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 458# 459# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 460# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 461# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 462# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 463# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 464# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 465# 466# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 467# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 468# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 469# Shahrivar. 470# 471# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 472# 473# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 474# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 475# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 476# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 477# I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 478# here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 479# 480# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 481# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 482# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 483# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 484# plan to change that law.... 485# 486# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-05): 487# Go with Shanks before September 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 488# I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 489# stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 490# That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 491# calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 492# 493# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 494# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 495# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 496# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 497# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 498# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 499# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 500# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 501# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 502# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 503# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 504# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 505# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 506# 507# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 508Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 509Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 510Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 511Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 512Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 513Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 514Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 515Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 516Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 517Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 518Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 519Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 520Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 521Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 522Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 523Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 524Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 525Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 526Rule Iran 2005 2007 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 527Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 528Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 529Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 530Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 531Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 532Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 533Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 534Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 535Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 536Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 537Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 538Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 539Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 540Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 541Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 542Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 543Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 544Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 545Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 546Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 547Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 548Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 549Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 550Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 551Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 552Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 553Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 554Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 555Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 556Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 557# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 558Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 559 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 560 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 561 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 562 3:30 Iran IR%sT 563 564 565# Iraq 566# 567# From Jonathan Lennox <lennox@cs.columbia.edu> (2000-06-12): 568# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 569# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 570# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 571# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 572# 573# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 574# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 575# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 576# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 577# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 578# 579# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 580 581# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 582Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 583Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 584Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 585Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 586Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 587Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 588# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 589# Shanks says Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997 or 1999 on; ignore this. 590Rule Iraq 1991 max - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 591Rule Iraq 1991 max - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 592# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 593Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 594 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 595 3:00 - AST 1982 May 596 3:00 Iraq A%sT 597 598 599############################################################################### 600 601# Israel 602 603# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 604# 605# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 606# different abbreviations in use: 607# 608# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 609# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 610# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 611# 612# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 613# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 614# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 615# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 616# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 617# settings in Israeli computers. 618# 619# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 620# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 621# family is from India). 622 623# From Shanks: 624# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 625Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 626Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 627Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 628Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 629Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 630Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 631Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 632Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 633Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 634Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 635Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 636Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 637Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 638Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 639Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 640Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 641Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 642Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 643Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 644Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 645Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 646Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 647Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 648Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 649Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 650Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 651Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 652Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 653Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 654Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 655Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 656Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 657Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 658Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 659Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 660Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 661Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 662Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 663Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 664Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 665 666# From Ephraim Silverberg <ephraim@cs.huji.ac.il> 667# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 668# and 2005-02-17): 669 670# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 671# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 672# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 673# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 674# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 675# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 676# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 677# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 678# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 679# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 680# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 681# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 682# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 683# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 684# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 685# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 686# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 687# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 688# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 689# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 690# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 691# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 692 693# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 694Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 695Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 696Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 697Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 698Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 699Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 700Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 701Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 702Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 703Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 704 705# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 706# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 707# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 708 709# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 710Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 711Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 712Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 713Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 714 715# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 716# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 717# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 718# 719# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 720# 721# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 722# 723# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 724# 725# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 726# 727# where YYYY is the relevant year. 728 729# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 730Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 731Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 732Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 733Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 734Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 735Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 736Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 737Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 738 739# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 740# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 741# years 2001-2004 as well. 742# 743# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 744# 745# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 746# 747# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 748# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 749# 750# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 751 752# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 753Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 754Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 755Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 756Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 757Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 758Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 759Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 760Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 761Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 762Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 763 764# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 765# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 766# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 767# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 768# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 769# 770# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 771# 772# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 773 774# From Paul Eggert (2005-02-22): 775# I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 776# <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 777# along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 778# to generate the transitions in this list. 779# (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 780# The spring transitions below all correspond to the following Rule: 781# 782# Rule Zion 2005 max - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 783# 784# but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 785# "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 786# springtime transitions explicitly. 787 788# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 789Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 790Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 791Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 792Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 793Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 794Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 795Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 796Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 797Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 798Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 799Rule Zion 2012 2015 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 800Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 801Rule Zion 2013 only - Sep 8 2:00 0 S 802Rule Zion 2014 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 803Rule Zion 2015 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 804Rule Zion 2016 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 805Rule Zion 2016 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 806Rule Zion 2017 2021 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 807Rule Zion 2017 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 808Rule Zion 2018 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 809Rule Zion 2019 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 810Rule Zion 2020 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 811Rule Zion 2021 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 812Rule Zion 2022 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 813Rule Zion 2022 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 814Rule Zion 2023 2032 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 815Rule Zion 2023 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 816Rule Zion 2024 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 817Rule Zion 2025 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 818Rule Zion 2026 only - Sep 20 2:00 0 S 819Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct 10 2:00 0 S 820Rule Zion 2028 only - Sep 24 2:00 0 S 821Rule Zion 2029 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 822Rule Zion 2030 only - Oct 6 2:00 0 S 823Rule Zion 2031 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 S 824Rule Zion 2032 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 825Rule Zion 2033 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 826Rule Zion 2033 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 827Rule Zion 2034 2037 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 828Rule Zion 2034 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S 829Rule Zion 2035 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 S 830Rule Zion 2036 only - Sep 28 2:00 0 S 831Rule Zion 2037 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 S 832 833# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 834Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 835 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 836 2:00 Zion I%sT 837 838 839 840############################################################################### 841 842# Japan 843 844# `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 845 846# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1995-03-06): 847# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 848# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 849# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 850# Shanks writes that daylight saving in Japan during those years was as follows: 851# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 852#Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 853#Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 854#Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 855#Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 856# but the only locations using it were US military bases. 857# We go with Shanks and omit daylight saving in those years for Asia/Tokyo. 858 859# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 860# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 861# Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 862# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 863# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 864# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 865# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 866 867# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 868# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 869# which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 870# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 871# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 872# time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 873# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 874# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 875# standard.... 876# 877# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 878# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 879 880# Shanks claims JST in use since 1896, and that a few places (e.g. Ishigaki) 881# use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 882 883# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 884Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 885 9:00 - JST 1896 886 9:00 - CJT 1938 887 9:00 - JST 888# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 889 890# Jordan 891# 892# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 893# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 894# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 895# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 896# all year round. 897# 898# From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 899# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 900# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 901# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 902# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 903# government's departments from six to seven hours. 904# 905# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 906Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 907Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 908Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 909Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 910Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 911Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 912Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 913Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 914Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 915Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 916Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 917Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 918Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 919Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 920Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 921Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 922Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 923Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 924Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 925Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 926Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 927Rule Jordan 1999 max - Sep lastThu 0:00s 0 - 928Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 929# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 930Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 931 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 932 933# Kazakhstan 934# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 935# Andrew Evtichov <evti@chevron.com> (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 936# stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 937# and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 938# Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 939# IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 940# 941# From Paul Eggert (2001-10-18): 942# German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 943# RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 944# Go with Shanks, who has them always using RussiaAsia rules. 945# Also go with the following claims of Shanks: 946# 947# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 948# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 949# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 950# 951# <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 952# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 953# </a> 954# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 955# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 956# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 957# 958# 959# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 960# 961# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 962Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 963 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 964 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 965 6:00 - ALMT 1992 966 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 967 6:00 - ALMT 968# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 969Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 970 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 971 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 972 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 973 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 974 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 975 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 976 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 977 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 978 6:00 - QYZT 979# Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 980Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 981 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 982 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 983 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 984 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 985 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 986 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 987 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 988 5:00 - AQTT 989# Mangghystau 990# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 991# so include time stamps before 1963. 992Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 993 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 994 5:00 - FORT 1963 995 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 996 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 997 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 998 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 999 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1000 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1001 4:00 - AQTT 1002# West Kazakhstan 1003Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1004 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1005 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1006 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1007 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1008 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1009 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1010 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1011 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1012 4:00 - ORAT 1013 1014# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1015# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks. 1016# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1017Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1018Rule Kirgiz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1019Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1020Rule Kirgiz 1997 max - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1021# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1022Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1023 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1024 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1025 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1026 5:00 Kirgiz KG%sT # Kirgizstan Time 1027 1028############################################################################### 1029 1030# Korea (North and South) 1031 1032# From Guy Harris: 1033# According to someone at the Korean Times in San Francisco, 1034# Daylight Savings Time was not observed until 1987. He did not know 1035# at what time of day DST starts or ends. 1036 1037# From Shanks: 1038# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1039Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1040Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1041Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun<=14 0:00 1:00 D 1042Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun<=14 0:00 0 S 1043 1044# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1045Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1046 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1047 9:00 - KST 1928 1048 8:30 - KST 1932 1049 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1050 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1051 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1052 9:00 ROK K%sT 1053Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1054 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1055 9:00 - KST 1928 1056 8:30 - KST 1932 1057 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1058 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1059 9:00 - KST 1060 1061############################################################################### 1062 1063# Kuwait 1064# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1065Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1066 3:00 - AST 1067 1068# Laos 1069# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1070Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1071 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1072 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1073 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1074 7:00 - ICT 1075 1076# Lebanon 1077# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1078Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1079Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1080Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1081Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1082Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1083Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1084Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1085Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1086Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1087Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1088Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1089Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1090Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1091Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1092Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1093Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1094Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1095Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1096Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1097Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1098Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1099Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1100Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1101Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1102# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1103Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1104 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1105 1106# Malaysia 1107# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1108Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1109Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1110# 1111# peninsular Malaysia 1112# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1113# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1115Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1116 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1117 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1118 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1119 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1120 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1121 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1122 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1123 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1124# Sabah & Sarawak 1125# From Paul Eggert (2003-11-01): 1126# The data here are mostly from Shanks, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1127# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1128# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1129Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1130 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1131 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1132 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1133 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1134 8:00 - MYT 1135 1136# Maldives 1137# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1138Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1139 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1140 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1141 1142# Mongolia 1143 1144# Shanks says that Mongolia has three time zones, but usno1995 and the CIA map 1145# Standard Time Zones of the World (1997-01) 1146# both say that it has just one. 1147 1148# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1149# <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1150# General Information Mongolia 1151# </a> (1999-09) 1152# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1153# Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1154# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1155# eight hours." 1156 1157# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1158# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1159# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1160# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1161# of implementation may have been different.... 1162# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1163# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1164# Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1165 1166# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1167# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1168# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1169# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1170# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1171# is good enough for our purposes. 1172 1173# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1174# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1175# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1176# there are three time zones. 1177# 1178# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1179# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1180# Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1181# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1182# 1183# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1184 1185# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar <ganbold@micom.mng.net> (2004-04-17): 1186# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1187# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1188# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1189# 1190# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1191# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1192# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1193 1194# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1195Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1196Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1197# IATA SSIM says 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, but Shanks (1995) lists 1198# them at 02:00s, and McDow says the 2001 switches also occurred at 02:00. 1199# Also, IATA SSIM (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks through 1998. 1200Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1201Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1202# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1203Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1204Rule Mongol 2001 max - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1205Rule Mongol 2002 max - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1206 1207# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1208# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1209Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1210 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1211 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1212# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1213Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1214 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1215 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1216# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1217# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1218Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1219 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1220 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1221 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT # Choibalsan Time 1222 1223# Nepal 1224# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1225Zone Asia/Katmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1226 5:30 - IST 1986 1227 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1228 1229# Oman 1230# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1231Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:20 - LMT 1920 1232 4:00 - GST 1233 1234# Pakistan 1235 1236# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1237# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1238# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1239# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1240# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1241# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1242 1243# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1244# Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1245# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1246# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1247# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1248# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1249# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1250# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1251# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1252# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1253# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1254 1255# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1256# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1257# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1258 1259# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1260# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1261# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1262# 1263# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1264# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1265# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1266# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1267# 1268# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1269# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1270 1271 1272# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1273Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 1274Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 1275# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1276Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 1277 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1278 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 1279 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 1280 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 1281 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 1282 1283# Palestine 1284 1285# From Amos Shapir <amos@nsof.co.il> (1998-02-15): 1286# 1287# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 1288# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 1289# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 1290# 1291# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 1292# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 1293# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 1294# though. 1295# 1296# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 1297# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 1298# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 1299# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 1300# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 1301# East Jerusalem. 1302# 1303# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 1304# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 1305# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 1306# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 1307# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 1308# 1309# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 1310# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 1311# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 1312# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 1313# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 1314# Jordanian one). 1315# 1316# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 1317# 1318# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 1319# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 1320# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 1321# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 1322# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 1323# 1324# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 1325# have one). 1326 1327# From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25): 1328# Shanks writes that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but we'll go 1329# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 1330# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 1331# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 1332# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 1333# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 1334# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 1335# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 1336# to Palestine's rules. If you have more info about this, please 1337# send it to tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for incorporation into future editions. 1338 1339# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 1340# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 1341# 1342# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 1343# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 1344# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 1345# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 1346 1347# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 1348# Daoud Kuttab writes in 1349# <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 1350# Holiday havoc 1351# </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 1352# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 1353# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 1354# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 1355# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 1356 1357# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 1358# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1359Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1360Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1361Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1362Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 1363Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1364Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 1365 1366Rule Palestine 1999 max - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 1367Rule Palestine 1999 max - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1368 1369# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1370Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 1371 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 1372 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 1373 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 1374 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 1375 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 1376 1377# Paracel Is 1378# no information 1379 1380# Philippines 1381# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 1382# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 1383# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 1384# transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 1385# The rest of this data is from Shanks. 1386# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1387Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 1388Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 1389Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 1390Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 1391Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 1392Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 1393# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1394Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 1395 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 1396 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 1397 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 1398 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1399 1400# Qatar 1401# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1402Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 1403 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 1404 3:00 - AST 1405 1406# Saudi Arabia 1407# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1408Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 1409 3:00 - AST 1410 1411# Singapore 1412# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1413# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1414# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1415Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1416 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1417 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1418 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1419 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1420 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1421 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1422 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 1423 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 1424 8:00 - SGT 1425 1426# Spratly Is 1427# no information 1428 1429# Sri Lanka 1430# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 1431# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 1432# (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 1433# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 1434# reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 1435# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 1436# 1437# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 1438# by Shamindra in 1439# <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 1440# Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 1441# </a>: 1442# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 1443# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 1444 1445# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1446Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 1447 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 1448 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 1449 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 1450 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 1451 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 1452 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 1453 6:00 - LKT 1454 1455# Syria 1456# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1457Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 1458Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1459Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 1460Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1461Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1462Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1463Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1464Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1465Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 1466Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1467Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 1468Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 1469Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 1470Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1471Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 1472Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 1473Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 1474Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 1475Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 1476Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 1477Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 1478Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 1479Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1480Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1481Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1482Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 1483Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1484Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1485# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 1486# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 1487# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 1488# ignore all these claims and go with Shanks. 1489Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1490Rule Syria 1994 max - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1491Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 1492Rule Syria 1999 max - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1493# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1494Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 1495 2:00 Syria EE%sT 1496 1497# Tajikistan 1498# From Shanks. 1499# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1500Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1501 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 1502 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1503 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 1504 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 1505 1506# Thailand 1507# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1508Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 1509 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 1510 7:00 - ICT 1511 1512# Turkmenistan 1513# From Shanks. 1514# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1515Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 1516 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 1517 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 1518 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 1519 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1520 5:00 - TMT 1521 1522# United Arab Emirates 1523# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1524Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 1525 4:00 - GST 1526 1527# Uzbekistan 1528# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1529Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1530 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 1531 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 1532 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 1533 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 # Tashkent Time 1534 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1535 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1536 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1537 5:00 - UZT 1538Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 1539 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 1540 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1541 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 1542 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 1543 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1993 1544 5:00 - UZT 1545 1546# Vietnam 1547# From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18): 1548# Saigon's official name is Thanh-Pho Ho Chi Minh, but it's too long. 1549# We'll stick with the traditional name for now. 1550# From Shanks: 1551# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1552Zone Asia/Saigon 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 1553 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1554 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1555 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1556 7:00 - ICT 1557 1558# Yemen 1559# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1560Zone Asia/Aden 3:00:48 - LMT 1950 1561 3:00 - AST 1562