xref: /dragonfly/sys/dev/sound/pcm/feeder_chain.c (revision 73610d44)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Ariff Abdullah <ariff@FreeBSD.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #ifdef HAVE_KERNEL_OPTION_HEADERS
28 #include "opt_snd.h"
29 #endif
30 
31 #include <dev/sound/pcm/sound.h>
32 
33 #include "feeder_if.h"
34 
35 SND_DECLARE_FILE("$FreeBSD: head/sys/dev/sound/pcm/feeder_chain.c 267992 2014-06-28 03:56:17Z hselasky $");
36 
37 /* chain state */
38 struct feeder_chain_state {
39 	uint32_t afmt;				/* audio format */
40 	uint32_t rate;				/* sampling rate */
41 	struct pcmchan_matrix *matrix;		/* matrix map */
42 };
43 
44 /*
45  * chain descriptor that will be passed around from the beginning until the
46  * end of chain process.
47  */
48 struct feeder_chain_desc {
49 	struct feeder_chain_state origin;	/* original state */
50 	struct feeder_chain_state current;	/* current state */
51 	struct feeder_chain_state target;	/* target state */
52 	struct pcm_feederdesc desc;		/* feeder descriptor */
53 	uint32_t afmt_ne;			/* prefered native endian */
54 	int mode;				/* chain mode */
55 	int use_eq;				/* need EQ? */
56 	int use_matrix;				/* need channel matrixing? */
57 	int use_volume;				/* need softpcmvol? */
58 	int dummy;				/* dummy passthrough */
59 	int expensive;				/* possibly expensive */
60 };
61 
62 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_LEAN		0
63 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_16			1
64 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_32			2
65 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_MULTI		3
66 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_FULLMULTI		4
67 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_LAST		5
68 
69 #if defined(SND_FEEDER_FULL_MULTIFORMAT)
70 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_DEFAULT		FEEDER_CHAIN_FULLMULTI
71 #elif defined(SND_FEEDER_MULTIFORMAT)
72 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_DEFAULT		FEEDER_CHAIN_MULTI
73 #else
74 #define FEEDER_CHAIN_DEFAULT		FEEDER_CHAIN_LEAN
75 #endif
76 
77 /*
78  * List of prefered formats that might be required during
79  * processing. It will be decided through snd_fmtbest().
80  */
81 
82 /* 'Lean' mode, signed 16 or 32 bit native endian. */
83 static uint32_t feeder_chain_formats_lean[] = {
84 	AFMT_S16_NE, AFMT_S32_NE,
85 	0
86 };
87 
88 /* Force everything to signed 16 bit native endian. */
89 static uint32_t feeder_chain_formats_16[] = {
90 	AFMT_S16_NE,
91 	0
92 };
93 
94 /* Force everything to signed 32 bit native endian. */
95 static uint32_t feeder_chain_formats_32[] = {
96 	AFMT_S32_NE,
97 	0
98 };
99 
100 /* Multiple choices, all except 8 bit. */
101 static uint32_t feeder_chain_formats_multi[] = {
102 	AFMT_S16_LE, AFMT_S16_BE, AFMT_U16_LE, AFMT_U16_BE,
103 	AFMT_S24_LE, AFMT_S24_BE, AFMT_U24_LE, AFMT_U24_BE,
104 	AFMT_S32_LE, AFMT_S32_BE, AFMT_U32_LE, AFMT_U32_BE,
105 	0
106 };
107 
108 /* Everything that is convertible. */
109 static uint32_t feeder_chain_formats_fullmulti[] = {
110 	AFMT_S8, AFMT_U8,
111 	AFMT_S16_LE, AFMT_S16_BE, AFMT_U16_LE, AFMT_U16_BE,
112 	AFMT_S24_LE, AFMT_S24_BE, AFMT_U24_LE, AFMT_U24_BE,
113 	AFMT_S32_LE, AFMT_S32_BE, AFMT_U32_LE, AFMT_U32_BE,
114 	0
115 };
116 
117 static uint32_t *feeder_chain_formats[FEEDER_CHAIN_LAST] = {
118 	[FEEDER_CHAIN_LEAN]      = feeder_chain_formats_lean,
119 	[FEEDER_CHAIN_16]        = feeder_chain_formats_16,
120 	[FEEDER_CHAIN_32]        = feeder_chain_formats_32,
121 	[FEEDER_CHAIN_MULTI]     = feeder_chain_formats_multi,
122 	[FEEDER_CHAIN_FULLMULTI] = feeder_chain_formats_fullmulti
123 };
124 
125 static int feeder_chain_mode = FEEDER_CHAIN_DEFAULT;
126 
127 #if defined(_KERNEL) && defined(SND_DEBUG) && defined(SND_FEEDER_FULL_MULTIFORMAT)
128 TUNABLE_INT("hw.snd.feeder_chain_mode", &feeder_chain_mode);
129 SYSCTL_INT(_hw_snd, OID_AUTO, feeder_chain_mode, CTLFLAG_RW,
130     &feeder_chain_mode, 0,
131     "feeder chain mode "
132     "(0=lean, 1=16bit, 2=32bit, 3=multiformat, 4=fullmultiformat)");
133 #endif
134 
135 /*
136  * feeder_build_format(): Chain any format converter.
137  */
138 static int
139 feeder_build_format(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
140 {
141 	struct feeder_class *fc;
142 	struct pcm_feederdesc *desc;
143 	int ret;
144 
145 	desc = &(cdesc->desc);
146 	desc->type = FEEDER_FORMAT;
147 	desc->in = 0;
148 	desc->out = 0;
149 	desc->flags = 0;
150 
151 	fc = feeder_getclass(desc);
152 	if (fc == NULL) {
153 		device_printf(c->dev,
154 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_format\n", __func__);
155 		return (ENOTSUP);
156 	}
157 
158 	desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
159 	desc->out = cdesc->target.afmt;
160 
161 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, desc);
162 	if (ret != 0) {
163 		device_printf(c->dev,
164 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_format\n", __func__);
165 		return (ret);
166 	}
167 
168 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_FORMAT;
169 
170 	cdesc->current.afmt = cdesc->target.afmt;
171 
172 	return (0);
173 }
174 
175 /*
176  * feeder_build_formatne(): Chain format converter that suite best for native
177  *                          endian format.
178  */
179 static int
180 feeder_build_formatne(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
181 {
182 	struct feeder_chain_state otarget;
183 	int ret;
184 
185 	if (cdesc->afmt_ne == 0 ||
186 	    AFMT_ENCODING(cdesc->current.afmt) == cdesc->afmt_ne)
187 		return (0);
188 
189 	otarget = cdesc->target;
190 	cdesc->target = cdesc->current;
191 	cdesc->target.afmt = SND_FORMAT(cdesc->afmt_ne,
192 	    cdesc->current.matrix->channels, cdesc->current.matrix->ext);
193 
194 	ret = feeder_build_format(c, cdesc);
195 	if (ret != 0)
196 		return (ret);
197 
198 	cdesc->target = otarget;
199 
200 	return (0);
201 }
202 
203 /*
204  * feeder_build_rate(): Chain sample rate converter.
205  */
206 static int
207 feeder_build_rate(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
208 {
209 	struct feeder_class *fc;
210 	struct pcm_feeder *f;
211 	struct pcm_feederdesc *desc;
212 	int ret;
213 
214 	ret = feeder_build_formatne(c, cdesc);
215 	if (ret != 0)
216 		return (ret);
217 
218 	desc = &(cdesc->desc);
219 	desc->type = FEEDER_RATE;
220 	desc->in = 0;
221 	desc->out = 0;
222 	desc->flags = 0;
223 
224 	fc = feeder_getclass(desc);
225 	if (fc == NULL) {
226 		device_printf(c->dev,
227 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_rate\n", __func__);
228 		return (ENOTSUP);
229 	}
230 
231 	desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
232 	desc->out = desc->in;
233 
234 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, desc);
235 	if (ret != 0) {
236 		device_printf(c->dev,
237 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_rate\n", __func__);
238 		return (ret);
239 	}
240 
241 	f = c->feeder;
242 
243 	/*
244 	 * If in 'dummy' mode (possibly due to passthrough mode), set the
245 	 * conversion quality to the lowest possible (should be fastest) since
246 	 * listener won't be hearing anything. Theoretically we can just
247 	 * disable it, but that will cause weird runtime behaviour:
248 	 * application appear to play something that is either too fast or too
249 	 * slow.
250 	 */
251 	if (cdesc->dummy != 0) {
252 		ret = FEEDER_SET(f, FEEDRATE_QUALITY, 0);
253 		if (ret != 0) {
254 			device_printf(c->dev,
255 			    "%s(): can't set resampling quality\n", __func__);
256 			return (ret);
257 		}
258 	}
259 
260 	ret = FEEDER_SET(f, FEEDRATE_SRC, cdesc->current.rate);
261 	if (ret != 0) {
262 		device_printf(c->dev,
263 		    "%s(): can't set source rate\n", __func__);
264 		return (ret);
265 	}
266 
267 	ret = FEEDER_SET(f, FEEDRATE_DST, cdesc->target.rate);
268 	if (ret != 0) {
269 		device_printf(c->dev,
270 		    "%s(): can't set destination rate\n", __func__);
271 		return (ret);
272 	}
273 
274 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_RATE;
275 
276 	cdesc->current.rate = cdesc->target.rate;
277 
278 	return (0);
279 }
280 
281 /*
282  * feeder_build_matrix(): Chain channel matrixing converter.
283  */
284 static int
285 feeder_build_matrix(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
286 {
287 	struct feeder_class *fc;
288 	struct pcm_feeder *f;
289 	struct pcm_feederdesc *desc;
290 	int ret;
291 
292 	ret = feeder_build_formatne(c, cdesc);
293 	if (ret != 0)
294 		return (ret);
295 
296 	desc = &(cdesc->desc);
297 	desc->type = FEEDER_MATRIX;
298 	desc->in = 0;
299 	desc->out = 0;
300 	desc->flags = 0;
301 
302 	fc = feeder_getclass(desc);
303 	if (fc == NULL) {
304 		device_printf(c->dev,
305 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_matrix\n", __func__);
306 		return (ENOTSUP);
307 	}
308 
309 	desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
310 	desc->out = SND_FORMAT(cdesc->current.afmt,
311 	    cdesc->target.matrix->channels, cdesc->target.matrix->ext);
312 
313 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, desc);
314 	if (ret != 0) {
315 		device_printf(c->dev,
316 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_matrix\n", __func__);
317 		return (ret);
318 	}
319 
320 	f = c->feeder;
321 	ret = feeder_matrix_setup(f, cdesc->current.matrix,
322 	    cdesc->target.matrix);
323 	if (ret != 0) {
324 		device_printf(c->dev,
325 		    "%s(): feeder_matrix_setup() failed\n", __func__);
326 		return (ret);
327 	}
328 
329 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_MATRIX;
330 
331 	cdesc->current.afmt = desc->out;
332 	cdesc->current.matrix = cdesc->target.matrix;
333 	cdesc->use_matrix = 0;
334 
335 	return (0);
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * feeder_build_volume(): Chain soft volume.
340  */
341 static int
342 feeder_build_volume(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
343 {
344 	struct feeder_class *fc;
345 	struct pcm_feeder *f;
346 	struct pcm_feederdesc *desc;
347 	int ret;
348 
349 	ret = feeder_build_formatne(c, cdesc);
350 	if (ret != 0)
351 		return (ret);
352 
353 	desc = &(cdesc->desc);
354 	desc->type = FEEDER_VOLUME;
355 	desc->in = 0;
356 	desc->out = 0;
357 	desc->flags = 0;
358 
359 	fc = feeder_getclass(desc);
360 	if (fc == NULL) {
361 		device_printf(c->dev,
362 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_volume\n", __func__);
363 		return (ENOTSUP);
364 	}
365 
366 	desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
367 	desc->out = desc->in;
368 
369 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, desc);
370 	if (ret != 0) {
371 		device_printf(c->dev,
372 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_volume\n", __func__);
373 		return (ret);
374 	}
375 
376 	f = c->feeder;
377 
378 	/*
379 	 * If in 'dummy' mode (possibly due to passthrough mode), set BYPASS
380 	 * mode since listener won't be hearing anything. Theoretically we can
381 	 * just disable it, but that will confuse volume per channel mixer.
382 	 */
383 	if (cdesc->dummy != 0) {
384 		ret = FEEDER_SET(f, FEEDVOLUME_STATE, FEEDVOLUME_BYPASS);
385 		if (ret != 0) {
386 			device_printf(c->dev,
387 			    "%s(): can't set volume bypass\n", __func__);
388 			return (ret);
389 		}
390 	}
391 
392 	ret = feeder_volume_apply_matrix(f, cdesc->current.matrix);
393 	if (ret != 0) {
394 		device_printf(c->dev,
395 		    "%s(): feeder_volume_apply_matrix() failed\n", __func__);
396 		return (ret);
397 	}
398 
399 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_VOLUME;
400 
401 	cdesc->use_volume = 0;
402 
403 	return (0);
404 }
405 
406 /*
407  * feeder_build_eq(): Chain parametric software equalizer.
408  */
409 static int
410 feeder_build_eq(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
411 {
412 	struct feeder_class *fc;
413 	struct pcm_feeder *f;
414 	struct pcm_feederdesc *desc;
415 	int ret;
416 
417 	ret = feeder_build_formatne(c, cdesc);
418 	if (ret != 0)
419 		return (ret);
420 
421 	desc = &(cdesc->desc);
422 	desc->type = FEEDER_EQ;
423 	desc->in = 0;
424 	desc->out = 0;
425 	desc->flags = 0;
426 
427 	fc = feeder_getclass(desc);
428 	if (fc == NULL) {
429 		device_printf(c->dev,
430 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_eq\n", __func__);
431 		return (ENOTSUP);
432 	}
433 
434 	desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
435 	desc->out = desc->in;
436 
437 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, desc);
438 	if (ret != 0) {
439 		device_printf(c->dev,
440 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_eq\n", __func__);
441 		return (ret);
442 	}
443 
444 	f = c->feeder;
445 
446 	ret = FEEDER_SET(f, FEEDEQ_RATE, cdesc->current.rate);
447 	if (ret != 0) {
448 		device_printf(c->dev,
449 		    "%s(): can't set rate on feeder_eq\n", __func__);
450 		return (ret);
451 	}
452 
453 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_EQ;
454 
455 	cdesc->use_eq = 0;
456 
457 	return (0);
458 }
459 
460 /*
461  * feeder_build_root(): Chain root feeder, the top, father of all.
462  */
463 static int
464 feeder_build_root(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
465 {
466 	struct feeder_class *fc;
467 	int ret;
468 
469 	fc = feeder_getclass(NULL);
470 	if (fc == NULL) {
471 		device_printf(c->dev,
472 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_root\n", __func__);
473 		return (ENOTSUP);
474 	}
475 
476 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, NULL);
477 	if (ret != 0) {
478 		device_printf(c->dev,
479 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_root\n", __func__);
480 		return (ret);
481 	}
482 
483 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_ROOT;
484 
485 	c->feeder->desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
486 	c->feeder->desc->out = cdesc->current.afmt;
487 
488 	return (0);
489 }
490 
491 /*
492  * feeder_build_mixer(): Chain software mixer for virtual channels.
493  */
494 static int
495 feeder_build_mixer(struct pcm_channel *c, struct feeder_chain_desc *cdesc)
496 {
497 	struct feeder_class *fc;
498 	struct pcm_feederdesc *desc;
499 	int ret;
500 
501 	desc = &(cdesc->desc);
502 	desc->type = FEEDER_MIXER;
503 	desc->in = 0;
504 	desc->out = 0;
505 	desc->flags = 0;
506 
507 	fc = feeder_getclass(desc);
508 	if (fc == NULL) {
509 		device_printf(c->dev,
510 		    "%s(): can't find feeder_mixer\n", __func__);
511 		return (ENOTSUP);
512 	}
513 
514 	desc->in = cdesc->current.afmt;
515 	desc->out = desc->in;
516 
517 	ret = chn_addfeeder(c, fc, desc);
518 	if (ret != 0) {
519 		device_printf(c->dev,
520 		    "%s(): can't add feeder_mixer\n", __func__);
521 		return (ret);
522 	}
523 
524 	c->feederflags |= 1 << FEEDER_MIXER;
525 
526 	return (0);
527 }
528 
529 /* Macrosses to ease our job doing stuffs later. */
530 #define FEEDER_BW(c, t)		((c)->t.matrix->channels * (c)->t.rate)
531 
532 #define FEEDRATE_UP(c)		((c)->target.rate > (c)->current.rate)
533 #define FEEDRATE_DOWN(c)	((c)->target.rate < (c)->current.rate)
534 #define FEEDRATE_REQUIRED(c)	(FEEDRATE_UP(c) || FEEDRATE_DOWN(c))
535 
536 #define FEEDMATRIX_UP(c)	((c)->target.matrix->channels >		\
537 				 (c)->current.matrix->channels)
538 #define FEEDMATRIX_DOWN(c)	((c)->target.matrix->channels <		\
539 				 (c)->current.matrix->channels)
540 #define FEEDMATRIX_REQUIRED(c)	(FEEDMATRIX_UP(c) ||			\
541 				 FEEDMATRIX_DOWN(c) || (c)->use_matrix != 0)
542 
543 #define FEEDFORMAT_REQUIRED(c)	(AFMT_ENCODING((c)->current.afmt) !=	\
544 				 AFMT_ENCODING((c)->target.afmt))
545 
546 #define FEEDVOLUME_REQUIRED(c)	((c)->use_volume != 0)
547 
548 #define FEEDEQ_VALIDRATE(c, t)	(feeder_eq_validrate((c)->t.rate) != 0)
549 #define FEEDEQ_ECONOMY(c)	(FEEDER_BW(c, current) < FEEDER_BW(c, target))
550 #define FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(c)	((c)->use_eq != 0 &&			\
551 				 FEEDEQ_VALIDRATE(c, current))
552 
553 #define FEEDFORMAT_NE_REQUIRED(c)					\
554 	((c)->afmt_ne != AFMT_S32_NE &&					\
555 	(((c)->mode == FEEDER_CHAIN_16 &&				\
556 	AFMT_ENCODING((c)->current.afmt) != AFMT_S16_NE) ||		\
557 	((c)->mode == FEEDER_CHAIN_32 &&				\
558 	AFMT_ENCODING((c)->current.afmt) != AFMT_S32_NE) ||		\
559 	(c)->mode == FEEDER_CHAIN_FULLMULTI ||				\
560 	((c)->mode == FEEDER_CHAIN_MULTI &&				\
561 	((c)->current.afmt & AFMT_8BIT)) ||				\
562 	((c)->mode == FEEDER_CHAIN_LEAN &&				\
563 	!((c)->current.afmt & (AFMT_S16_NE | AFMT_S32_NE)))))
564 
565 int
566 feeder_chain(struct pcm_channel *c)
567 {
568 	struct snddev_info *d;
569 	struct pcmchan_caps *caps;
570 	struct feeder_chain_desc cdesc;
571 	struct pcmchan_matrix *hwmatrix, *softmatrix;
572 	uint32_t hwfmt, softfmt;
573 	int ret;
574 
575 	CHN_LOCKASSERT(c);
576 
577 	/* Remove everything first. */
578 	while (chn_removefeeder(c) == 0)
579 		;
580 
581 	KASSERT(c->feeder == NULL, ("feeder chain not empty"));
582 
583 	/* clear and populate chain descriptor. */
584 	bzero(&cdesc, sizeof(cdesc));
585 
586 	switch (feeder_chain_mode) {
587 	case FEEDER_CHAIN_LEAN:
588 	case FEEDER_CHAIN_16:
589 	case FEEDER_CHAIN_32:
590 #if defined(SND_FEEDER_MULTIFORMAT) || defined(SND_FEEDER_FULL_MULTIFORMAT)
591 	case FEEDER_CHAIN_MULTI:
592 #endif
593 #if defined(SND_FEEDER_FULL_MULTIFORMAT)
594 	case FEEDER_CHAIN_FULLMULTI:
595 #endif
596 		break;
597 	default:
598 		feeder_chain_mode = FEEDER_CHAIN_DEFAULT;
599 		break;
600 	}
601 
602 	cdesc.mode = feeder_chain_mode;
603 	cdesc.expensive = 1;	/* XXX faster.. */
604 
605 #define VCHAN_PASSTHROUGH(c)	(((c)->flags & (CHN_F_VIRTUAL |		\
606 				 CHN_F_PASSTHROUGH)) ==			\
607 				 (CHN_F_VIRTUAL | CHN_F_PASSTHROUGH))
608 
609 	/* Get the best possible hardware format. */
610 	if (VCHAN_PASSTHROUGH(c))
611 		hwfmt = c->parentchannel->format;
612 	else {
613 		caps = chn_getcaps(c);
614 		if (caps == NULL || caps->fmtlist == NULL) {
615 			device_printf(c->dev,
616 			    "%s(): failed to get channel caps\n", __func__);
617 			return (ENODEV);
618 		}
619 
620 		if ((c->format & AFMT_PASSTHROUGH) &&
621 		    !snd_fmtvalid(c->format, caps->fmtlist))
622 			return (ENODEV);
623 
624 		hwfmt = snd_fmtbest(c->format, caps->fmtlist);
625 		if (hwfmt == 0 || !snd_fmtvalid(hwfmt, caps->fmtlist)) {
626 			device_printf(c->dev,
627 			    "%s(): invalid hardware format 0x%08x\n",
628 			    __func__, hwfmt);
629 			{
630 				int i;
631 				for (i = 0; caps->fmtlist[i] != 0; i++)
632 					kprintf("0x%08x\n", caps->fmtlist[i]);
633 				kprintf("Req: 0x%08x\n", c->format);
634 			}
635 			return (ENODEV);
636 		}
637 	}
638 
639 	/*
640 	 * The 'hardware' possibly have different intepretation of channel
641 	 * matrixing, so get it first .....
642 	 */
643 	hwmatrix = CHANNEL_GETMATRIX(c->methods, c->devinfo, hwfmt);
644 	if (hwmatrix == NULL) {
645 		device_printf(c->dev,
646 		    "%s(): failed to acquire hw matrix [0x%08x]\n",
647 		    __func__, hwfmt);
648 		return (ENODEV);
649 	}
650 	/* ..... and rebuild hwfmt. */
651 	hwfmt = SND_FORMAT(hwfmt, hwmatrix->channels, hwmatrix->ext);
652 
653 	/* Reset and rebuild default channel format/matrix map. */
654 	softfmt = c->format;
655 	softmatrix = &c->matrix;
656 	if (softmatrix->channels != AFMT_CHANNEL(softfmt) ||
657 	    softmatrix->ext != AFMT_EXTCHANNEL(softfmt)) {
658 		softmatrix = feeder_matrix_format_map(softfmt);
659 		if (softmatrix == NULL) {
660 			device_printf(c->dev,
661 			    "%s(): failed to acquire soft matrix [0x%08x]\n",
662 			    __func__, softfmt);
663 			return (ENODEV);
664 		}
665 		c->matrix = *softmatrix;
666 		c->matrix.id = SND_CHN_MATRIX_PCMCHANNEL;
667 	}
668 	softfmt = SND_FORMAT(softfmt, softmatrix->channels, softmatrix->ext);
669 	if (softfmt != c->format)
670 		device_printf(c->dev,
671 		    "%s(): WARNING: %s Soft format 0x%08x -> 0x%08x\n",
672 		    __func__, CHN_DIRSTR(c), c->format, softfmt);
673 
674 	/*
675 	 * PLAY and REC are opposite.
676 	 */
677 	if (c->direction == PCMDIR_PLAY) {
678 		cdesc.origin.afmt    = softfmt;
679 		cdesc.origin.matrix  = softmatrix;
680 		cdesc.origin.rate    = c->speed;
681 		cdesc.target.afmt    = hwfmt;
682 		cdesc.target.matrix  = hwmatrix;
683 		cdesc.target.rate    = sndbuf_getspd(c->bufhard);
684 	} else {
685 		cdesc.origin.afmt    = hwfmt;
686 		cdesc.origin.matrix  = hwmatrix;
687 		cdesc.origin.rate    = sndbuf_getspd(c->bufhard);
688 		cdesc.target.afmt    = softfmt;
689 		cdesc.target.matrix  = softmatrix;
690 		cdesc.target.rate    = c->speed;
691 	}
692 
693 	d = c->parentsnddev;
694 
695 	/*
696 	 * If channel is in bitperfect or passthrough mode, make it appear
697 	 * that 'origin' and 'target' identical, skipping mostly chain
698 	 * procedures.
699 	 */
700 	if (CHN_BITPERFECT(c) || (c->format & AFMT_PASSTHROUGH)) {
701 		if (c->direction == PCMDIR_PLAY)
702 			cdesc.origin = cdesc.target;
703 		else
704 			cdesc.target = cdesc.origin;
705 		c->format = cdesc.target.afmt;
706 		c->speed  = cdesc.target.rate;
707 	} else {
708 		/* hwfmt is not convertible, so 'dummy' it. */
709 		if (hwfmt & AFMT_PASSTHROUGH)
710 			cdesc.dummy = 1;
711 
712 		if ((softfmt & AFMT_CONVERTIBLE) &&
713 		    (((d->flags & SD_F_VPC) && !(c->flags & CHN_F_HAS_VCHAN)) ||
714 		    (!(d->flags & SD_F_VPC) && (d->flags & SD_F_SOFTPCMVOL) &&
715 		    !(c->flags & CHN_F_VIRTUAL))))
716 			cdesc.use_volume = 1;
717 
718 		if (feeder_matrix_compare(cdesc.origin.matrix,
719 		    cdesc.target.matrix) != 0)
720 			cdesc.use_matrix = 1;
721 
722 		/* Soft EQ only applicable for PLAY. */
723 		if (cdesc.dummy == 0 &&
724 		    c->direction == PCMDIR_PLAY && (d->flags & SD_F_EQ) &&
725 		    (((d->flags & SD_F_EQ_PC) &&
726 		    !(c->flags & CHN_F_HAS_VCHAN)) ||
727 		    (!(d->flags & SD_F_EQ_PC) && !(c->flags & CHN_F_VIRTUAL))))
728 			cdesc.use_eq = 1;
729 
730 		if (FEEDFORMAT_NE_REQUIRED(&cdesc)) {
731 			cdesc.afmt_ne =
732 			    (cdesc.dummy != 0) ?
733 			    snd_fmtbest(AFMT_ENCODING(softfmt),
734 			    feeder_chain_formats[cdesc.mode]) :
735 			    snd_fmtbest(AFMT_ENCODING(cdesc.target.afmt),
736 			    feeder_chain_formats[cdesc.mode]);
737 			if (cdesc.afmt_ne == 0) {
738 				device_printf(c->dev,
739 				    "%s(): snd_fmtbest failed!\n", __func__);
740 				cdesc.afmt_ne =
741 				    (((cdesc.dummy != 0) ? softfmt :
742 				    cdesc.target.afmt) &
743 				    (AFMT_24BIT | AFMT_32BIT)) ?
744 				    AFMT_S32_NE : AFMT_S16_NE;
745 			}
746 		}
747 	}
748 
749 	cdesc.current = cdesc.origin;
750 
751 	/* Build everything. */
752 
753 	c->feederflags = 0;
754 
755 #define FEEDER_BUILD(t)	do {						\
756 	ret = feeder_build_##t(c, &cdesc);				\
757 	if (ret != 0)							\
758 		return (ret);						\
759 	} while (0)
760 
761 	if (!(c->flags & CHN_F_HAS_VCHAN) || c->direction == PCMDIR_REC)
762 		FEEDER_BUILD(root);
763 	else if (c->direction == PCMDIR_PLAY && (c->flags & CHN_F_HAS_VCHAN))
764 		FEEDER_BUILD(mixer);
765 	else
766 		return (ENOTSUP);
767 
768 	/*
769 	 * The basic idea is: The smaller the bandwidth, the cheaper the
770 	 * conversion process, with following constraints:-
771 	 *
772 	 * 1) Almost all feeders work best in 16/32 native endian.
773 	 * 2) Try to avoid 8bit feeders due to poor dynamic range.
774 	 * 3) Avoid volume, format, matrix and rate in BITPERFECT or
775 	 *    PASSTHROUGH mode.
776 	 * 4) Try putting volume before EQ or rate. Should help to
777 	 *    avoid/reduce possible clipping.
778 	 * 5) EQ require specific, valid rate, unless it allow sloppy
779 	 *    conversion.
780 	 */
781 	if (FEEDMATRIX_UP(&cdesc)) {
782 		if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc) &&
783 		    (!FEEDEQ_VALIDRATE(&cdesc, target) ||
784 		    (cdesc.expensive == 0 && FEEDEQ_ECONOMY(&cdesc))))
785 			FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
786 		if (FEEDRATE_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
787 			FEEDER_BUILD(rate);
788 		FEEDER_BUILD(matrix);
789 		if (FEEDVOLUME_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
790 			FEEDER_BUILD(volume);
791 		if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
792 			FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
793 	} else if (FEEDMATRIX_DOWN(&cdesc)) {
794 		FEEDER_BUILD(matrix);
795 		if (FEEDVOLUME_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
796 			FEEDER_BUILD(volume);
797 		if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc) &&
798 		    (!FEEDEQ_VALIDRATE(&cdesc, target) ||
799 		    FEEDEQ_ECONOMY(&cdesc)))
800 			FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
801 		if (FEEDRATE_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
802 			FEEDER_BUILD(rate);
803 		if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
804 			FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
805 	} else {
806 		if (FEEDRATE_DOWN(&cdesc)) {
807 			if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc) &&
808 			    !FEEDEQ_VALIDRATE(&cdesc, target)) {
809 				if (FEEDVOLUME_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
810 					FEEDER_BUILD(volume);
811 				FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
812 			}
813 			FEEDER_BUILD(rate);
814 		}
815 		if (FEEDMATRIX_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
816 			FEEDER_BUILD(matrix);
817 		if (FEEDVOLUME_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
818 			FEEDER_BUILD(volume);
819 		if (FEEDRATE_UP(&cdesc)) {
820 			if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc) &&
821 			    !FEEDEQ_VALIDRATE(&cdesc, target))
822 				FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
823 			FEEDER_BUILD(rate);
824 		}
825 		if (FEEDEQ_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
826 			FEEDER_BUILD(eq);
827 	}
828 
829 	if (FEEDFORMAT_REQUIRED(&cdesc))
830 		FEEDER_BUILD(format);
831 
832 	if (c->direction == PCMDIR_REC && (c->flags & CHN_F_HAS_VCHAN))
833 		FEEDER_BUILD(mixer);
834 
835 	sndbuf_setfmt(c->bufsoft, c->format);
836 	sndbuf_setspd(c->bufsoft, c->speed);
837 
838 	sndbuf_setfmt(c->bufhard, hwfmt);
839 
840 	chn_syncstate(c);
841 
842 	return (0);
843 }
844