1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.134.2.8 2003/06/06 20:21:32 tegge Exp $ 43 * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/init_main.c,v 1.40 2004/10/12 19:20:46 dillon Exp $ 44 */ 45 46 #include "opt_init_path.h" 47 48 #include <sys/param.h> 49 #include <sys/file.h> 50 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 51 #include <sys/kernel.h> 52 #include <sys/mount.h> 53 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 54 #include <sys/proc.h> 55 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 56 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 57 #include <sys/systm.h> 58 #include <sys/vnode.h> 59 #include <sys/sysent.h> 60 #include <sys/reboot.h> 61 #include <sys/sysproto.h> 62 #include <sys/vmmeter.h> 63 #include <sys/unistd.h> 64 #include <sys/malloc.h> 65 #include <sys/file2.h> 66 #include <sys/thread2.h> 67 68 #include <machine/cpu.h> 69 70 #include <vm/vm.h> 71 #include <vm/vm_param.h> 72 #include <sys/lock.h> 73 #include <vm/pmap.h> 74 #include <vm/vm_map.h> 75 #include <sys/user.h> 76 #include <sys/copyright.h> 77 78 void mi_startup(void); /* Should be elsewhere */ 79 80 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 81 static struct session session0; 82 static struct pgrp pgrp0; 83 static struct procsig procsig0; 84 static struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 85 static struct plimit limit0; 86 static struct vmspace vmspace0; 87 struct proc *initproc; 88 struct proc proc0; 89 struct thread thread0; 90 91 int cmask = CMASK; 92 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 93 extern int fallback_elf_brand; 94 95 int boothowto = 0; /* initialized so that it can be patched */ 96 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0, ""); 97 98 /* 99 * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set 100 * symbol is not undefined. A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never 101 * executed. 102 */ 103 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL) 104 105 /* 106 * The sysinit table itself. Items are checked off as the are run. 107 * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit. 108 */ 109 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit); 110 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end; 111 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end; 112 113 114 /* 115 * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if 116 * necessary. This can only be called after malloc is running. 117 */ 118 void 119 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end) 120 { 121 struct sysinit **newset; 122 struct sysinit **sipp; 123 struct sysinit **xipp; 124 int count; 125 126 count = set_end - set; 127 if (newsysinit) 128 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit; 129 else 130 count += sysinit_end - sysinit; 131 newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK); 132 if (newset == NULL) 133 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit"); 134 xipp = newset; 135 if (newsysinit) { 136 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++) 137 *xipp++ = *sipp; 138 } else { 139 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) 140 *xipp++ = *sipp; 141 } 142 for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++) 143 *xipp++ = *sipp; 144 if (newsysinit) 145 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP); 146 newsysinit = newset; 147 newsysinit_end = newset + count; 148 } 149 150 /* 151 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 152 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 153 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 154 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 155 * 156 * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require 157 * boot time initialization. It also allows substitution of subsystem 158 * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object 159 * module. Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads". 160 */ 161 void 162 mi_startup(void) 163 { 164 struct sysinit *sip; /* system initialization*/ 165 struct sysinit **sipp; /* system initialization*/ 166 struct sysinit **xipp; /* interior loop of sort*/ 167 struct sysinit *save; /* bubble*/ 168 169 if (sysinit == NULL) { 170 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set); 171 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set); 172 } 173 174 restart: 175 /* 176 * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by 177 * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key). 178 */ 179 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) { 180 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) { 181 if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem || 182 ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem && 183 (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order)) 184 continue; /* skip*/ 185 save = *sipp; 186 *sipp = *xipp; 187 *xipp = save; 188 } 189 } 190 191 /* 192 * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks. 193 * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task. 194 * 195 * The last item on the list is expected to be the scheduler, 196 * which will not return. 197 */ 198 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) { 199 sip = *sipp; 200 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY) 201 continue; /* skip dummy task(s)*/ 202 203 if (sip->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE) 204 continue; 205 206 /* Call function */ 207 (*(sip->func))(sip->udata); 208 209 /* Check off the one we're just done */ 210 sip->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE; 211 212 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */ 213 if (newsysinit != NULL) { 214 if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set)) 215 free(sysinit, M_TEMP); 216 sysinit = newsysinit; 217 sysinit_end = newsysinit_end; 218 newsysinit = NULL; 219 newsysinit_end = NULL; 220 goto restart; 221 } 222 } 223 224 panic("Shouldn't get here!"); 225 /* NOTREACHED*/ 226 } 227 228 229 /* 230 *************************************************************************** 231 **** 232 **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet 233 **** been moved. 234 **** 235 *************************************************************************** 236 */ 237 static void 238 print_caddr_t(void *data __unused) 239 { 240 printf("%s", (char *)data); 241 } 242 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t, copyright) 243 244 /* 245 * Leave the critical section that protected us from spurious interrupts 246 * so device probes work. 247 */ 248 static void 249 leavecrit(void *dummy __unused) 250 { 251 crit_exit(); 252 KKASSERT(!IN_CRITICAL_SECT(curthread)); 253 if (bootverbose) 254 printf("Leaving critical section, allowing interrupts\n"); 255 } 256 SYSINIT(leavecrit, SI_SUB_LEAVE_CRIT, SI_ORDER_ANY, leavecrit, NULL) 257 258 /* 259 *************************************************************************** 260 **** 261 **** The two following SYSINT's are proc0 specific glue code. I am not 262 **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of 263 **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c 264 **** for right now. 265 **** 266 **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they 267 **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process). 268 **** 269 *************************************************************************** 270 */ 271 /* ARGSUSED*/ 272 static void 273 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused) 274 { 275 struct proc *p; 276 struct filedesc0 *fdp; 277 unsigned i; 278 279 p = &proc0; 280 281 /* 282 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 283 */ 284 procinit(); 285 286 /* 287 * Initialize sleep queue hash table 288 */ 289 sleepinit(); 290 291 /* 292 * additional VM structures 293 */ 294 vm_init2(); 295 296 /* 297 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 298 */ 299 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 300 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 301 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 302 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 303 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 304 305 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 306 session0.s_count = 1; 307 session0.s_leader = p; 308 309 p->p_sysent = &aout_sysvec; 310 TAILQ_INIT(&p->p_sysmsgq); 311 312 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 313 p->p_stat = SRUN; 314 p->p_nice = NZERO; 315 p->p_rtprio.type = RTP_PRIO_NORMAL; 316 p->p_rtprio.prio = 0; 317 318 p->p_peers = 0; 319 p->p_leader = p; 320 321 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 322 323 /* Create credentials. */ 324 p->p_ucred = crget(); 325 p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0); 326 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 327 p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0); 328 329 /* Don't jail it */ 330 p->p_ucred->cr_prison = NULL; 331 332 /* Create procsig. */ 333 p->p_procsig = &procsig0; 334 p->p_procsig->ps_refcnt = 1; 335 336 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 337 siginit(&proc0); 338 339 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 340 fdp = &filedesc0; 341 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 342 p->p_fdtol = NULL; 343 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 344 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 345 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 346 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 347 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 348 349 /* Create the limits structures. */ 350 p->p_limit = &limit0; 351 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 352 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 353 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 354 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = 355 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles; 356 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = 357 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc; 358 i = ptoa(vmstats.v_free_count); 359 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 360 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 361 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 362 limit0.p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY; 363 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 364 365 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 366 pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0)); 367 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 368 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 369 vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 370 trunc_page(VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)); 371 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0); 372 373 /* 374 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 375 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 376 */ 377 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 378 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 379 380 /* 381 * Charge root for one process. 382 */ 383 (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo, 1, 0); 384 385 } 386 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL) 387 388 /* ARGSUSED*/ 389 static void 390 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused) 391 { 392 struct timespec ts; 393 struct proc *p; 394 395 /* 396 * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the 397 * time from the file system. Pretend that proc0 started now. 398 */ 399 FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) { 400 microtime(&p->p_thread->td_start); 401 } 402 403 /* 404 * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump. 405 * XXX: Does read_random() contain enough bits to be used here ? 406 */ 407 nanotime(&ts); 408 srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec); 409 } 410 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL) 411 412 /* 413 *************************************************************************** 414 **** 415 **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the 416 **** respective files on a per subsystem basis. 417 **** 418 *************************************************************************** 419 */ 420 421 422 /* 423 *************************************************************************** 424 **** 425 **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like 426 **** kern/init_init.c. 427 **** 428 *************************************************************************** 429 */ 430 431 /* 432 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 433 */ 434 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] = 435 #ifdef INIT_PATH 436 __XSTRING(INIT_PATH); 437 #else 438 "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/stand/sysinstall"; 439 #endif 440 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0, ""); 441 442 /* 443 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path. 444 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 445 * 446 * The MP lock is held on entry. 447 */ 448 static void 449 start_init(void *dummy) 450 { 451 vm_offset_t addr; 452 struct execve_args args; 453 int options, error; 454 char *var, *path, *next, *s; 455 char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 456 struct proc *p; 457 struct mount *mp; 458 struct vnode *vp; 459 460 p = curproc; 461 462 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ 463 mp = TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist); 464 if (VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp)) 465 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 466 if (mp->mnt_ncp == NULL) { 467 mp->mnt_ncp = cache_allocroot(mp, vp); 468 cache_unlock(mp->mnt_ncp); /* leave ref intact */ 469 } 470 p->p_fd->fd_cdir = vp; 471 vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); 472 p->p_fd->fd_rdir = vp; 473 vref(p->p_fd->fd_rdir); 474 vfs_cache_setroot(vp, cache_hold(mp->mnt_ncp)); 475 VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0, curthread); /* leave ref intact */ 476 p->p_fd->fd_ncdir = cache_hold(mp->mnt_ncp); 477 p->p_fd->fd_nrdir = cache_hold(mp->mnt_ncp); 478 479 /* 480 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 481 */ 482 addr = trunc_page(USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE); 483 if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 484 FALSE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0) 485 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 486 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 487 p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1; 488 489 if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) { 490 strncpy(init_path, var, sizeof init_path); 491 init_path[sizeof init_path - 1] = 0; 492 } 493 if ((var = getenv("kern.fallback_elf_brand")) != NULL) 494 fallback_elf_brand = strtol(var, NULL, 0); 495 496 for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) { 497 while (*path == ':') 498 path++; 499 if (*path == '\0') 500 break; 501 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++) 502 /* nothing */ ; 503 if (bootverbose) 504 printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path), 505 path); 506 507 /* 508 * Move out the boot flag argument. 509 */ 510 options = 0; 511 ucp = (char *)USRSTACK; 512 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); /* trailing zero */ 513 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 514 (void)subyte(--ucp, 's'); 515 options = 1; 516 } 517 #ifdef notyet 518 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 519 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f'); 520 options = 1; 521 } 522 #endif 523 524 #ifdef BOOTCDROM 525 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C'); 526 options = 1; 527 #endif 528 if (options == 0) 529 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); 530 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-'); /* leading hyphen */ 531 arg1 = ucp; 532 533 /* 534 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 535 */ 536 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0); 537 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--) 538 (void)subyte(--ucp, *s); 539 arg0 = ucp; 540 541 /* 542 * Move out the arg pointers. 543 */ 544 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1)); 545 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0); /* terminator */ 546 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1); 547 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0); 548 549 /* 550 * Point at the arguments. 551 */ 552 args.fname = arg0; 553 args.argv = uap; 554 args.envv = NULL; 555 556 /* 557 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 558 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 559 * 560 * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way 561 * to user mode as init! 562 * 563 * WARNING! We may have been moved to another cpu after 564 * acquiring the current user process designation. The 565 * MP lock will migrate with us though so we still have to 566 * release it. 567 */ 568 if ((error = execve(&args)) == 0) { 569 if (p->p_thread->td_gd->gd_uschedcp != p) 570 acquire_curproc(p); 571 rel_mplock(); 572 return; 573 } 574 if (error != ENOENT) 575 printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 576 path, error); 577 } 578 printf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path); 579 panic("no init"); 580 } 581 582 /* 583 * Like kthread_create(), but runs in it's own address space. 584 * We do this early to reserve pid 1. 585 * 586 * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet. Other work 587 * in progress will change this more. 588 */ 589 static void 590 create_init(const void *udata __unused) 591 { 592 int error; 593 int s; 594 595 s = splhigh(); 596 error = fork1(&proc0, RFFDG | RFPROC, &initproc); 597 if (error) 598 panic("cannot fork init: %d", error); 599 initproc->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 600 cpu_set_fork_handler(initproc, start_init, NULL); 601 splx(s); 602 } 603 SYSINIT(init,SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL) 604 605 /* 606 * Make it runnable now. 607 */ 608 static void 609 kick_init(const void *udata __unused) 610 { 611 start_forked_proc(&proc0, initproc); 612 } 613 SYSINIT(kickinit,SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL) 614 615 /* 616 * Machine independant globaldata initialization 617 * 618 * WARNING! Called from early boot, 'mycpu' may not work yet. 619 */ 620 void 621 mi_gdinit(struct globaldata *gd, int cpuid) 622 { 623 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_tdfreeq); /* for pmap_{new,dispose}_thread() */ 624 TAILQ_INIT(&gd->gd_systimerq); 625 gd->gd_cpuid = cpuid; 626 gd->gd_cpumask = (cpumask_t)1 << cpuid; 627 lwkt_gdinit(gd); 628 vm_map_entry_reserve_cpu_init(gd); 629 } 630 631 632