xref: /dragonfly/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 3f5e28f4)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, David Greenman
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/kern_exec.c,v 1.107.2.15 2002/07/30 15:40:46 nectar Exp $
27  * $DragonFly: src/sys/kern/kern_exec.c,v 1.56 2007/04/29 18:25:34 dillon Exp $
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/param.h>
31 #include <sys/systm.h>
32 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
33 #include <sys/kernel.h>
34 #include <sys/mount.h>
35 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
36 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
37 #include <sys/acct.h>
38 #include <sys/exec.h>
39 #include <sys/imgact.h>
40 #include <sys/imgact_elf.h>
41 #include <sys/kern_syscall.h>
42 #include <sys/wait.h>
43 #include <sys/malloc.h>
44 #include <sys/proc.h>
45 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
46 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
47 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
48 #include <sys/nlookup.h>
49 #include <sys/sfbuf.h>
50 #include <sys/sysent.h>
51 #include <sys/shm.h>
52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #include <sys/vnode.h>
54 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
55 #include <sys/aio.h>
56 #include <sys/libkern.h>
57 
58 #include <vm/vm.h>
59 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
60 #include <sys/lock.h>
61 #include <vm/pmap.h>
62 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
63 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
64 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
65 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
66 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
68 
69 #include <sys/user.h>
70 #include <sys/reg.h>
71 
72 #include <sys/thread2.h>
73 
74 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_PARGS, "proc-args", "Process arguments");
75 
76 static register_t *exec_copyout_strings (struct image_params *);
77 
78 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
79 static u_long ps_strings = PS_STRINGS;
80 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, KERN_PS_STRINGS, ps_strings, CTLFLAG_RD, &ps_strings, 0, "");
81 
82 /* XXX This should be vm_size_t. */
83 static u_long usrstack = USRSTACK;
84 SYSCTL_ULONG(_kern, KERN_USRSTACK, usrstack, CTLFLAG_RD, &usrstack, 0, "");
85 
86 u_long ps_arg_cache_limit = PAGE_SIZE / 16;
87 SYSCTL_LONG(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_arg_cache_limit, CTLFLAG_RW,
88     &ps_arg_cache_limit, 0, "");
89 
90 int ps_argsopen = 1;
91 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, ps_argsopen, CTLFLAG_RW, &ps_argsopen, 0, "");
92 
93 void print_execve_args(struct image_args *args);
94 int debug_execve_args = 0;
95 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, debug_execve_args, CTLFLAG_RW, &debug_execve_args,
96     0, "");
97 
98 /*
99  * stackgap_random specifies if the stackgap should have a random size added
100  * to it.  It must be a power of 2.  If non-zero, the stack gap will be
101  * calculated as: ALIGN(karc4random() & (stackgap_random - 1)).
102  */
103 static int stackgap_random = 1024;
104 static int
105 sysctl_kern_stackgap(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
106 {
107 	int error, new_val;
108 	new_val = stackgap_random;
109 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &new_val, 0, req);
110 	if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
111 		return (error);
112 	if ((new_val < 0) || (new_val > 16 * PAGE_SIZE) || ! powerof2(new_val))
113 		return (EINVAL);
114 	stackgap_random = new_val;
115 
116 	return(0);
117 }
118 
119 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, stackgap_random, CTLFLAG_RW|CTLTYPE_UINT,
120 	0, 0, sysctl_kern_stackgap, "IU", "Max random stack gap (power of 2)");
121 
122 void
123 print_execve_args(struct image_args *args)
124 {
125 	char *cp;
126 	int ndx;
127 
128 	cp = args->begin_argv;
129 	for (ndx = 0; ndx < args->argc; ndx++) {
130 		kprintf("\targv[%d]: %s\n", ndx, cp);
131 		while (*cp++ != '\0');
132 	}
133 	for (ndx = 0; ndx < args->envc; ndx++) {
134 		kprintf("\tenvv[%d]: %s\n", ndx, cp);
135 		while (*cp++ != '\0');
136 	}
137 }
138 
139 /*
140  * Each of the items is a pointer to a `const struct execsw', hence the
141  * double pointer here.
142  */
143 static const struct execsw **execsw;
144 
145 int
146 kern_execve(struct nlookupdata *nd, struct image_args *args)
147 {
148 	struct thread *td = curthread;
149 	struct lwp *lp = td->td_lwp;
150 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
151 	register_t *stack_base;
152 	int error, len, i;
153 	struct image_params image_params, *imgp;
154 	struct vattr attr;
155 	int (*img_first) (struct image_params *);
156 
157 	if (debug_execve_args) {
158 		kprintf("%s()\n", __func__);
159 		print_execve_args(args);
160 	}
161 
162 	KKASSERT(p);
163 	imgp = &image_params;
164 
165 	/*
166 	 * Lock the process and set the P_INEXEC flag to indicate that
167 	 * it should be left alone until we're done here.  This is
168 	 * necessary to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() -
169 	 * that might allow a local user to illicitly obtain elevated
170 	 * privileges.
171 	 */
172 	p->p_flag |= P_INEXEC;
173 
174 	/*
175 	 * Initialize part of the common data
176 	 */
177 	imgp->proc = p;
178 	imgp->args = args;
179 	imgp->attr = &attr;
180 	imgp->entry_addr = 0;
181 	imgp->resident = 0;
182 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 0;
183 	imgp->interpreted = 0;
184 	imgp->interpreter_name[0] = 0;
185 	imgp->auxargs = NULL;
186 	imgp->vp = NULL;
187 	imgp->firstpage = NULL;
188 	imgp->ps_strings = 0;
189 	imgp->image_header = NULL;
190 
191 interpret:
192 
193 	/*
194 	 * Translate the file name to a vnode.  Unlock the cache entry to
195 	 * improve parallelism for programs exec'd in parallel.
196 	 */
197 	if ((error = nlookup(nd)) != 0)
198 		goto exec_fail;
199 	error = cache_vget(&nd->nl_nch, nd->nl_cred, LK_EXCLUSIVE, &imgp->vp);
200 	KKASSERT(nd->nl_flags & NLC_NCPISLOCKED);
201 	nd->nl_flags &= ~NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
202 	cache_unlock(&nd->nl_nch);
203 	if (error)
204 		goto exec_fail;
205 
206 	/*
207 	 * Check file permissions (also 'opens' file)
208 	 */
209 	error = exec_check_permissions(imgp);
210 	if (error) {
211 		vn_unlock(imgp->vp);
212 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
213 	}
214 
215 	error = exec_map_first_page(imgp);
216 	vn_unlock(imgp->vp);
217 	if (error)
218 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
219 
220 	if (debug_execve_args && imgp->interpreted) {
221 		kprintf("    target is interpreted -- recursive pass\n");
222 		kprintf("    interpreter: %s\n", imgp->interpreter_name);
223 		print_execve_args(args);
224 	}
225 
226 	/*
227 	 *	If the current process has a special image activator it
228 	 *	wants to try first, call it.   For example, emulating shell
229 	 *	scripts differently.
230 	 */
231 	error = -1;
232 	if ((img_first = imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_imgact_try) != NULL)
233 		error = img_first(imgp);
234 
235 	/*
236 	 *	If the vnode has a registered vmspace, exec the vmspace
237 	 */
238 	if (error == -1 && imgp->vp->v_resident) {
239 		error = exec_resident_imgact(imgp);
240 	}
241 
242 	/*
243 	 *	Loop through the list of image activators, calling each one.
244 	 *	An activator returns -1 if there is no match, 0 on success,
245 	 *	and an error otherwise.
246 	 */
247 	for (i = 0; error == -1 && execsw[i]; ++i) {
248 		if (execsw[i]->ex_imgact == NULL ||
249 		    execsw[i]->ex_imgact == img_first) {
250 			continue;
251 		}
252 		error = (*execsw[i]->ex_imgact)(imgp);
253 	}
254 
255 	if (error) {
256 		if (error == -1)
257 			error = ENOEXEC;
258 		goto exec_fail_dealloc;
259 	}
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * Special interpreter operation, cleanup and loop up to try to
263 	 * activate the interpreter.
264 	 */
265 	if (imgp->interpreted) {
266 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
267 		nlookup_done(nd);
268 		vrele(imgp->vp);
269 		imgp->vp = NULL;
270 		error = nlookup_init(nd, imgp->interpreter_name, UIO_SYSSPACE,
271 					NLC_FOLLOW);
272 		if (error)
273 			goto exec_fail;
274 		goto interpret;
275 	}
276 
277 	/*
278 	 * Copy out strings (args and env) and initialize stack base
279 	 */
280 	stack_base = exec_copyout_strings(imgp);
281 	p->p_vmspace->vm_minsaddr = (char *)stack_base;
282 
283 	/*
284 	 * If custom stack fixup routine present for this process
285 	 * let it do the stack setup.  If we are running a resident
286 	 * image there is no auxinfo or other image activator context
287 	 * so don't try to add fixups to the stack.
288 	 *
289 	 * Else stuff argument count as first item on stack
290 	 */
291 	if (p->p_sysent->sv_fixup && imgp->resident == 0)
292 		(*p->p_sysent->sv_fixup)(&stack_base, imgp);
293 	else
294 		suword(--stack_base, imgp->args->argc);
295 
296 	/*
297 	 * For security and other reasons, the file descriptor table cannot
298 	 * be shared after an exec.
299 	 */
300 	if (p->p_fd->fd_refcnt > 1) {
301 		struct filedesc *tmp;
302 
303 		tmp = fdcopy(p);
304 		fdfree(p);
305 		p->p_fd = tmp;
306 	}
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * For security and other reasons, signal handlers cannot
310 	 * be shared after an exec. The new proces gets a copy of the old
311 	 * handlers. In execsigs(), the new process will have its signals
312 	 * reset.
313 	 */
314 	if (p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt > 1) {
315 		struct sigacts *newsigacts;
316 
317 		newsigacts = (struct sigacts *)kmalloc(sizeof(*newsigacts),
318 		       M_SUBPROC, M_WAITOK);
319 		bcopy(p->p_sigacts, newsigacts, sizeof(*newsigacts));
320 		p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt--;
321 		p->p_sigacts = newsigacts;
322 		p->p_sigacts->ps_refcnt = 1;
323 	}
324 
325 	/*
326 	 * For security and other reasons virtual kernels cannot be
327 	 * inherited by an exec.  This also allows a virtual kernel
328 	 * to fork/exec unrelated applications.
329 	 */
330 	if (p->p_vkernel)
331 		vkernel_exit(p);
332 
333 	/* Stop profiling */
334 	stopprofclock(p);
335 
336 	/* close files on exec */
337 	fdcloseexec(p);
338 
339 	/* reset caught signals */
340 	execsigs(p);
341 
342 	/* name this process - nameiexec(p, ndp) */
343 	len = min(nd->nl_nch.ncp->nc_nlen, MAXCOMLEN);
344 	bcopy(nd->nl_nch.ncp->nc_name, p->p_comm, len);
345 	p->p_comm[len] = 0;
346 	bcopy(p->p_comm, lp->lwp_thread->td_comm, MAXCOMLEN+1);
347 
348 	/*
349 	 * mark as execed, wakeup the process that vforked (if any) and tell
350 	 * it that it now has its own resources back
351 	 */
352 	p->p_flag |= P_EXEC;
353 	if (p->p_pptr && (p->p_flag & P_PPWAIT)) {
354 		p->p_flag &= ~P_PPWAIT;
355 		wakeup((caddr_t)p->p_pptr);
356 	}
357 
358 	/*
359 	 * Implement image setuid/setgid.
360 	 *
361 	 * Don't honor setuid/setgid if the filesystem prohibits it or if
362 	 * the process is being traced.
363 	 */
364 	if ((((attr.va_mode & VSUID) && p->p_ucred->cr_uid != attr.va_uid) ||
365 	     ((attr.va_mode & VSGID) && p->p_ucred->cr_gid != attr.va_gid)) &&
366 	    (imgp->vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID) == 0 &&
367 	    (p->p_flag & P_TRACED) == 0) {
368 		/*
369 		 * Turn off syscall tracing for set-id programs, except for
370 		 * root.  Record any set-id flags first to make sure that
371 		 * we do not regain any tracing during a possible block.
372 		 */
373 		setsugid();
374 		if (p->p_tracenode && suser(td) != 0) {
375 			ktrdestroy(&p->p_tracenode);
376 			p->p_traceflag = 0;
377 		}
378 		/* Close any file descriptors 0..2 that reference procfs */
379 		setugidsafety(p);
380 		/* Make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use. */
381 		error = fdcheckstd(p);
382 		if (error != 0)
383 			goto exec_fail_dealloc;
384 		/*
385 		 * Set the new credentials.
386 		 */
387 		cratom(&p->p_ucred);
388 		if (attr.va_mode & VSUID)
389 			change_euid(attr.va_uid);
390 		if (attr.va_mode & VSGID)
391 			p->p_ucred->cr_gid = attr.va_gid;
392 
393 		/*
394 		 * Clear local varsym variables
395 		 */
396 		varsymset_clean(&p->p_varsymset);
397 	} else {
398 		if (p->p_ucred->cr_uid == p->p_ucred->cr_ruid &&
399 		    p->p_ucred->cr_gid == p->p_ucred->cr_rgid)
400 			p->p_flag &= ~P_SUGID;
401 	}
402 
403 	/*
404 	 * Implement correct POSIX saved-id behavior.
405 	 */
406 	if (p->p_ucred->cr_svuid != p->p_ucred->cr_uid ||
407 	    p->p_ucred->cr_svgid != p->p_ucred->cr_gid) {
408 		cratom(&p->p_ucred);
409 		p->p_ucred->cr_svuid = p->p_ucred->cr_uid;
410 		p->p_ucred->cr_svgid = p->p_ucred->cr_gid;
411 	}
412 
413 	/*
414 	 * Store the vp for use in procfs
415 	 */
416 	if (p->p_textvp)		/* release old reference */
417 		vrele(p->p_textvp);
418 	p->p_textvp = imgp->vp;
419 	vref(p->p_textvp);
420 
421         /*
422          * Notify others that we exec'd, and clear the P_INEXEC flag
423          * as we're now a bona fide freshly-execed process.
424          */
425 	KNOTE(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
426 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
427 
428 	/*
429 	 * If tracing the process, trap to debugger so breakpoints
430 	 * 	can be set before the program executes.
431 	 */
432 	STOPEVENT(p, S_EXEC, 0);
433 
434 	if (p->p_flag & P_TRACED)
435 		ksignal(p, SIGTRAP);
436 
437 	/* clear "fork but no exec" flag, as we _are_ execing */
438 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
439 
440 	/* Set values passed into the program in registers. */
441 	exec_setregs(imgp->entry_addr, (u_long)(uintptr_t)stack_base,
442 	    imgp->ps_strings);
443 
444 	/* Free any previous argument cache */
445 	if (p->p_args && --p->p_args->ar_ref == 0)
446 		FREE(p->p_args, M_PARGS);
447 	p->p_args = NULL;
448 
449 	/* Cache arguments if they fit inside our allowance */
450 	i = imgp->args->begin_envv - imgp->args->begin_argv;
451 	if (ps_arg_cache_limit >= i + sizeof(struct pargs)) {
452 		MALLOC(p->p_args, struct pargs *, sizeof(struct pargs) + i,
453 		    M_PARGS, M_WAITOK);
454 		p->p_args->ar_ref = 1;
455 		p->p_args->ar_length = i;
456 		bcopy(imgp->args->begin_argv, p->p_args->ar_args, i);
457 	}
458 
459 exec_fail_dealloc:
460 
461 	/*
462 	 * free various allocated resources
463 	 */
464 	if (imgp->firstpage)
465 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
466 
467 	if (imgp->vp) {
468 		vrele(imgp->vp);
469 		imgp->vp = NULL;
470 	}
471 
472 	if (error == 0) {
473 		++mycpu->gd_cnt.v_exec;
474 		return (0);
475 	}
476 
477 exec_fail:
478 	/* we're done here, clear P_INEXEC */
479 	p->p_flag &= ~P_INEXEC;
480 	if (imgp->vmspace_destroyed) {
481 		/* sorry, no more process anymore. exit gracefully */
482 		exit1(W_EXITCODE(0, SIGABRT));
483 		/* NOT REACHED */
484 		return(0);
485 	} else {
486 		return(error);
487 	}
488 }
489 
490 /*
491  * execve() system call.
492  */
493 int
494 sys_execve(struct execve_args *uap)
495 {
496 	struct nlookupdata nd;
497 	struct image_args args;
498 	int error;
499 
500 	error = nlookup_init(&nd, uap->fname, UIO_USERSPACE, NLC_FOLLOW);
501 	if (error == 0) {
502 		error = exec_copyin_args(&args, uap->fname, PATH_USERSPACE,
503 					uap->argv, uap->envv);
504 	}
505 	if (error == 0)
506 		error = kern_execve(&nd, &args);
507 	nlookup_done(&nd);
508 	exec_free_args(&args);
509 
510 	/*
511 	 * The syscall result is returned in registers to the new program.
512 	 * Linux will register %edx as an atexit function and we must be
513 	 * sure to set it to 0.  XXX
514 	 */
515 	if (error == 0)
516 		uap->sysmsg_result64 = 0;
517 
518 	return (error);
519 }
520 
521 int
522 exec_map_first_page(struct image_params *imgp)
523 {
524 	int rv, i;
525 	int initial_pagein;
526 	vm_page_t ma[VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN];
527 	vm_page_t m;
528 	vm_object_t object;
529 
530 	if (imgp->firstpage)
531 		exec_unmap_first_page(imgp);
532 
533 	/*
534 	 * The file has to be mappable.
535 	 */
536 	if ((object = imgp->vp->v_object) == NULL)
537 		return (EIO);
538 
539 	/*
540 	 * We shouldn't need protection for vm_page_grab() but we certainly
541 	 * need it for the lookup loop below (lookup/busy race), since
542 	 * an interrupt can unbusy and free the page before our busy check.
543 	 */
544 	crit_enter();
545 	m = vm_page_grab(object, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_RETRY);
546 
547 	if ((m->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
548 		ma[0] = m;
549 		initial_pagein = VM_INITIAL_PAGEIN;
550 		if (initial_pagein > object->size)
551 			initial_pagein = object->size;
552 		for (i = 1; i < initial_pagein; i++) {
553 			if ((m = vm_page_lookup(object, i)) != NULL) {
554 				if ((m->flags & PG_BUSY) || m->busy)
555 					break;
556 				if (m->valid)
557 					break;
558 				vm_page_busy(m);
559 			} else {
560 				m = vm_page_alloc(object, i, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL);
561 				if (m == NULL)
562 					break;
563 			}
564 			ma[i] = m;
565 		}
566 		initial_pagein = i;
567 
568 		/*
569 		 * get_pages unbusies all the requested pages except the
570 		 * primary page (at index 0 in this case).
571 		 */
572 		rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, initial_pagein, 0);
573 		m = vm_page_lookup(object, 0);
574 
575 		if (rv != VM_PAGER_OK || m == NULL || m->valid == 0) {
576 			if (m) {
577 				vm_page_protect(m, VM_PROT_NONE);
578 				vm_page_free(m);
579 			}
580 			crit_exit();
581 			return EIO;
582 		}
583 	}
584 	vm_page_hold(m);
585 	vm_page_wakeup(m);	/* unbusy the page */
586 	crit_exit();
587 
588 	imgp->firstpage = sf_buf_alloc(m, SFB_CPUPRIVATE);
589 	imgp->image_header = (void *)sf_buf_kva(imgp->firstpage);
590 
591 	return 0;
592 }
593 
594 void
595 exec_unmap_first_page(struct image_params *imgp)
596 {
597 	vm_page_t m;
598 
599 	crit_enter();
600 	if (imgp->firstpage != NULL) {
601 		m = sf_buf_page(imgp->firstpage);
602 		sf_buf_free(imgp->firstpage);
603 		imgp->firstpage = NULL;
604 		imgp->image_header = NULL;
605 		vm_page_unhold(m);
606 	}
607 	crit_exit();
608 }
609 
610 /*
611  * Destroy old address space, and allocate a new stack
612  *	The new stack is only SGROWSIZ large because it is grown
613  *	automatically in trap.c.
614  */
615 int
616 exec_new_vmspace(struct image_params *imgp, struct vmspace *vmcopy)
617 {
618 	int error;
619 	struct vmspace *vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
620 	vm_offset_t stack_addr = USRSTACK - maxssiz;
621 	vm_map_t map;
622 
623 	imgp->vmspace_destroyed = 1;
624 
625 	if (curthread->td_proc->p_nthreads > 1)
626 		killlwps(curthread->td_lwp);
627 
628 	/*
629 	 * Prevent a pending AIO from modifying the new address space.
630 	 */
631 	aio_proc_rundown(imgp->proc);
632 
633 	/*
634 	 * Blow away entire process VM, if address space not shared,
635 	 * otherwise, create a new VM space so that other threads are
636 	 * not disrupted.  If we are execing a resident vmspace we
637 	 * create a duplicate of it and remap the stack.
638 	 *
639 	 * The exitingcnt test is not strictly necessary but has been
640 	 * included for code sanity (to make the code more deterministic).
641 	 */
642 	map = &vmspace->vm_map;
643 	if (vmcopy) {
644 		vmspace_exec(imgp->proc, vmcopy);
645 		vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
646 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace), stack_addr, USRSTACK);
647 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
648 	} else if (vmspace->vm_sysref.refcnt == 1 &&
649 		   vmspace->vm_exitingcnt == 0) {
650 		shmexit(vmspace);
651 		if (vmspace->vm_upcalls)
652 			upc_release(vmspace, ONLY_LWP_IN_PROC(imgp->proc));
653 		pmap_remove_pages(vmspace_pmap(vmspace),
654 			0, VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS);
655 		vm_map_remove(map, 0, VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS);
656 	} else {
657 		vmspace_exec(imgp->proc, NULL);
658 		vmspace = imgp->proc->p_vmspace;
659 		map = &vmspace->vm_map;
660 	}
661 
662 	/* Allocate a new stack */
663 	error = vm_map_stack(&vmspace->vm_map, stack_addr, (vm_size_t)maxssiz,
664 	    VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0);
665 	if (error)
666 		return (error);
667 
668 	/* vm_ssize and vm_maxsaddr are somewhat antiquated concepts in the
669 	 * VM_STACK case, but they are still used to monitor the size of the
670 	 * process stack so we can check the stack rlimit.
671 	 */
672 	vmspace->vm_ssize = sgrowsiz >> PAGE_SHIFT;
673 	vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (char *)USRSTACK - maxssiz;
674 
675 	return(0);
676 }
677 
678 /*
679  * Copy out argument and environment strings from the old process
680  *	address space into the temporary string buffer.
681  */
682 int
683 exec_copyin_args(struct image_args *args, char *fname,
684 		enum exec_path_segflg segflg, char **argv, char **envv)
685 {
686 	char	*argp, *envp;
687 	int	error = 0;
688 	size_t	length;
689 
690 	bzero(args, sizeof(*args));
691 	args->buf = (char *) kmem_alloc_wait(&exec_map, PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX);
692 	if (args->buf == NULL)
693 		return (ENOMEM);
694 	args->begin_argv = args->buf;
695 	args->endp = args->begin_argv;
696 	args->space = ARG_MAX;
697 
698 	args->fname = args->buf + ARG_MAX;
699 
700 	/*
701 	 * Copy the file name.
702 	 */
703 	if (segflg == PATH_SYSSPACE) {
704 		error = copystr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
705 	} else if (segflg == PATH_USERSPACE) {
706 		error = copyinstr(fname, args->fname, PATH_MAX, &length);
707 	}
708 
709 	/*
710 	 * Extract argument strings.  argv may not be NULL.  The argv
711 	 * array is terminated by a NULL entry.  We special-case the
712 	 * situation where argv[0] is NULL by passing { filename, NULL }
713 	 * to the new program to guarentee that the interpreter knows what
714 	 * file to open in case we exec an interpreted file.   Note that
715 	 * a NULL argv[0] terminates the argv[] array.
716 	 *
717 	 * XXX the special-casing of argv[0] is historical and needs to be
718 	 * revisited.
719 	 */
720 	if (argv == NULL)
721 		error = EFAULT;
722 	if (error == 0) {
723 		while ((argp = (caddr_t)(intptr_t)fuword(argv++)) != NULL) {
724 			if (argp == (caddr_t)-1) {
725 				error = EFAULT;
726 				break;
727 			}
728 			error = copyinstr(argp, args->endp,
729 					    args->space, &length);
730 			if (error) {
731 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
732 					error = E2BIG;
733 				break;
734 			}
735 			args->space -= length;
736 			args->endp += length;
737 			args->argc++;
738 		}
739 		if (args->argc == 0 && error == 0) {
740 			length = strlen(args->fname) + 1;
741 			if (length > args->space) {
742 				error = E2BIG;
743 			} else {
744 				bcopy(args->fname, args->endp, length);
745 				args->space -= length;
746 				args->endp += length;
747 				args->argc++;
748 			}
749 		}
750 	}
751 
752 	args->begin_envv = args->endp;
753 
754 	/*
755 	 * extract environment strings.  envv may be NULL.
756 	 */
757 	if (envv && error == 0) {
758 		while ((envp = (caddr_t) (intptr_t) fuword(envv++))) {
759 			if (envp == (caddr_t) -1) {
760 				error = EFAULT;
761 				break;
762 			}
763 			error = copyinstr(envp, args->endp, args->space,
764 			    &length);
765 			if (error) {
766 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
767 					error = E2BIG;
768 				break;
769 			}
770 			args->space -= length;
771 			args->endp += length;
772 			args->envc++;
773 		}
774 	}
775 	return (error);
776 }
777 
778 void
779 exec_free_args(struct image_args *args)
780 {
781 	if (args->buf) {
782 		kmem_free_wakeup(&exec_map,
783 				(vm_offset_t)args->buf, PATH_MAX + ARG_MAX);
784 		args->buf = NULL;
785 	}
786 }
787 
788 /*
789  * Copy strings out to the new process address space, constructing
790  *	new arg and env vector tables. Return a pointer to the base
791  *	so that it can be used as the initial stack pointer.
792  */
793 register_t *
794 exec_copyout_strings(struct image_params *imgp)
795 {
796 	int argc, envc, sgap;
797 	char **vectp;
798 	char *stringp, *destp;
799 	register_t *stack_base;
800 	struct ps_strings *arginfo;
801 	int szsigcode;
802 
803 	/*
804 	 * Calculate string base and vector table pointers.
805 	 * Also deal with signal trampoline code for this exec type.
806 	 */
807 	arginfo = (struct ps_strings *)PS_STRINGS;
808 	szsigcode = *(imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_szsigcode);
809 	if (stackgap_random != 0)
810 		sgap = ALIGN(karc4random() & (stackgap_random - 1));
811 	else
812 		sgap = 0;
813 	destp =	(caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode - SPARE_USRSPACE - sgap -
814 	    roundup((ARG_MAX - imgp->args->space), sizeof(char *));
815 
816 	/*
817 	 * install sigcode
818 	 */
819 	if (szsigcode)
820 		copyout(imgp->proc->p_sysent->sv_sigcode,
821 		    ((caddr_t)arginfo - szsigcode), szsigcode);
822 
823 	/*
824 	 * If we have a valid auxargs ptr, prepare some room
825 	 * on the stack.
826 	 *
827 	 * The '+ 2' is for the null pointers at the end of each of the
828 	 * arg and env vector sets, and 'AT_COUNT*2' is room for the
829 	 * ELF Auxargs data.
830 	 */
831 	if (imgp->auxargs) {
832 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
833 			imgp->args->envc + 2 + AT_COUNT * 2) * sizeof(char*));
834 	} else {
835 		vectp = (char **)(destp - (imgp->args->argc +
836 			imgp->args->envc + 2) * sizeof(char*));
837 	}
838 
839 	/*
840 	 * NOTE: don't bother aligning the stack here for GCC 2.x, it will
841 	 * be done in crt1.o.  Note that GCC 3.x aligns the stack in main.
842 	 */
843 
844 	/*
845 	 * vectp also becomes our initial stack base
846 	 */
847 	stack_base = (register_t *)vectp;
848 
849 	stringp = imgp->args->begin_argv;
850 	argc = imgp->args->argc;
851 	envc = imgp->args->envc;
852 
853 	/*
854 	 * Copy out strings - arguments and environment.
855 	 */
856 	copyout(stringp, destp, ARG_MAX - imgp->args->space);
857 
858 	/*
859 	 * Fill in "ps_strings" struct for ps, w, etc.
860 	 */
861 	suword(&arginfo->ps_argvstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
862 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nargvstr, argc);
863 
864 	/*
865 	 * Fill in argument portion of vector table.
866 	 */
867 	for (; argc > 0; --argc) {
868 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
869 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
870 			destp++;
871 		destp++;
872 	}
873 
874 	/* a null vector table pointer separates the argp's from the envp's */
875 	suword(vectp++, 0);
876 
877 	suword(&arginfo->ps_envstr, (long)(intptr_t)vectp);
878 	suword(&arginfo->ps_nenvstr, envc);
879 
880 	/*
881 	 * Fill in environment portion of vector table.
882 	 */
883 	for (; envc > 0; --envc) {
884 		suword(vectp++, (long)(intptr_t)destp);
885 		while (*stringp++ != 0)
886 			destp++;
887 		destp++;
888 	}
889 
890 	/* end of vector table is a null pointer */
891 	suword(vectp, 0);
892 
893 	return (stack_base);
894 }
895 
896 /*
897  * Check permissions of file to execute.
898  *	Return 0 for success or error code on failure.
899  */
900 int
901 exec_check_permissions(struct image_params *imgp)
902 {
903 	struct proc *p = imgp->proc;
904 	struct vnode *vp = imgp->vp;
905 	struct vattr *attr = imgp->attr;
906 	int error;
907 
908 	/* Get file attributes */
909 	error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, attr);
910 	if (error)
911 		return (error);
912 
913 	/*
914 	 * 1) Check if file execution is disabled for the filesystem that this
915 	 *	file resides on.
916 	 * 2) Insure that at least one execute bit is on - otherwise root
917 	 *	will always succeed, and we don't want to happen unless the
918 	 *	file really is executable.
919 	 * 3) Insure that the file is a regular file.
920 	 */
921 	if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) ||
922 	    ((attr->va_mode & 0111) == 0) ||
923 	    (attr->va_type != VREG)) {
924 		return (EACCES);
925 	}
926 
927 	/*
928 	 * Zero length files can't be exec'd
929 	 */
930 	if (attr->va_size == 0)
931 		return (ENOEXEC);
932 
933 	/*
934 	 *  Check for execute permission to file based on current credentials.
935 	 */
936 	error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, p->p_ucred);
937 	if (error)
938 		return (error);
939 
940 	/*
941 	 * Check number of open-for-writes on the file and deny execution
942 	 * if there are any.
943 	 */
944 	if (vp->v_writecount)
945 		return (ETXTBSY);
946 
947 	/*
948 	 * Call filesystem specific open routine, which allows us to read,
949 	 * write, and mmap the file.  Without the VOP_OPEN we can only
950 	 * stat the file.
951 	 */
952 	error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, p->p_ucred, NULL);
953 	if (error)
954 		return (error);
955 
956 	return (0);
957 }
958 
959 /*
960  * Exec handler registration
961  */
962 int
963 exec_register(const struct execsw *execsw_arg)
964 {
965 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
966 	int count = 2;	/* New slot and trailing NULL */
967 
968 	if (execsw)
969 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
970 			count++;
971 	newexecsw = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
972 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
973 		return ENOMEM;
974 	xs = newexecsw;
975 	if (execsw)
976 		for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
977 			*xs++ = *es;
978 	*xs++ = execsw_arg;
979 	*xs = NULL;
980 	if (execsw)
981 		kfree(execsw, M_TEMP);
982 	execsw = newexecsw;
983 	return 0;
984 }
985 
986 int
987 exec_unregister(const struct execsw *execsw_arg)
988 {
989 	const struct execsw **es, **xs, **newexecsw;
990 	int count = 1;
991 
992 	if (execsw == NULL)
993 		panic("unregister with no handlers left?");
994 
995 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++) {
996 		if (*es == execsw_arg)
997 			break;
998 	}
999 	if (*es == NULL)
1000 		return ENOENT;
1001 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1002 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1003 			count++;
1004 	newexecsw = kmalloc(count * sizeof(*es), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
1005 	if (newexecsw == NULL)
1006 		return ENOMEM;
1007 	xs = newexecsw;
1008 	for (es = execsw; *es; es++)
1009 		if (*es != execsw_arg)
1010 			*xs++ = *es;
1011 	*xs = NULL;
1012 	if (execsw)
1013 		kfree(execsw, M_TEMP);
1014 	execsw = newexecsw;
1015 	return 0;
1016 }
1017