1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 5 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 6 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 7 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 8 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 * 34 * @(#)param.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 8/20/94 35 * $FreeBSD: src/sys/kern/subr_param.c,v 1.42.2.10 2002/03/09 21:05:47 silby Exp $ 36 */ 37 38 #include "opt_param.h" 39 #include "opt_maxusers.h" 40 41 #include <sys/param.h> 42 #include <sys/systm.h> 43 #include <sys/kernel.h> 44 #include <sys/malloc.h> 45 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 46 #include <vm/pmap.h> 47 #include <machine/vmparam.h> 48 49 /* 50 * System parameter formulae. 51 */ 52 53 #ifndef HZ_DEFAULT 54 #define HZ_DEFAULT 100 55 #endif 56 #define NPROC (20 + 16 * maxusers) 57 #ifndef NBUF 58 #define NBUF 0 59 #endif 60 #ifndef MAXFILES 61 #define MAXFILES (maxproc * 16) 62 #endif 63 #ifndef MAXPOSIXLOCKSPERUID 64 #define MAXPOSIXLOCKSPERUID (maxproc * 4) 65 #endif 66 67 static int sysctl_kern_vmm_guest(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS); 68 69 int hz; 70 int stathz; 71 int profhz; 72 int ustick; /* tick interval in microseconds */ 73 int nstick; /* tick interval in nanoseconds */ 74 int maxusers; /* base tunable */ 75 int maxproc; /* maximum # of processes */ 76 int maxprocperuid; /* max # of procs per user */ 77 int maxfiles; /* system wide open files limit */ 78 int maxfilesrootres; /* descriptors reserved for root use */ 79 int minfilesperproc; /* per-proc min open files (safety) */ 80 int maxfilesperproc; /* per-proc open files limit */ 81 int maxfilesperuser; /* per-user open files limit */ 82 int maxposixlocksperuid; /* max # POSIX locks per uid */ 83 int ncallout; /* maximum # of timer events */ 84 int mbuf_wait = 32; /* mbuf sleep time in ticks */ 85 long nbuf; 86 long nswbuf_mem; 87 long nswbuf_kva; 88 long nswbuf_raw; 89 long maxswzone; /* max swmeta KVA storage */ 90 long maxbcache; /* max buffer cache KVA storage */ 91 enum vmm_guest_type vmm_guest = VMM_GUEST_NONE; /* Running as VM guest? */ 92 u_quad_t maxtsiz; /* max text size */ 93 u_quad_t dfldsiz; /* initial data size limit */ 94 u_quad_t maxdsiz; /* max data size */ 95 u_quad_t dflssiz; /* initial stack size limit */ 96 u_quad_t maxssiz; /* max stack size */ 97 u_quad_t sgrowsiz; /* amount to grow stack */ 98 u_quad_t maxthrssiz; /* thread stack area */ 99 100 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, vmm_guest, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLTYPE_STRING, 101 NULL, 0, sysctl_kern_vmm_guest, "A", 102 "Virtual machine guest type"); 103 SYSCTL_QUAD(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxssiz, CTLFLAG_RD, &maxssiz, 0, 104 "Maximum user stack size"); 105 SYSCTL_QUAD(_kern, OID_AUTO, maxthrssiz, CTLFLAG_RD, &maxthrssiz, 0, 106 "Nominal threading stack area"); 107 108 /* 109 * These have to be allocated somewhere; allocating 110 * them here forces loader errors if this file is omitted 111 * (if they've been externed everywhere else; hah!). 112 */ 113 struct buf *swbuf_mem; 114 struct buf *swbuf_kva; 115 struct buf *swbuf_raw; 116 117 struct vmm_bname { 118 const char *str; 119 enum vmm_guest_type type; 120 }; 121 122 static struct vmm_bname vmm_bnames[] = { 123 { "QEMU", VMM_GUEST_QEMU }, /* QEMU */ 124 { "Plex86", VMM_GUEST_PLEX86 }, /* Plex86 */ 125 { "Bochs", VMM_GUEST_BOCHS }, /* Bochs */ 126 { "Xen", VMM_GUEST_XEN }, /* Xen */ 127 { "BHYVE", VMM_GUEST_BHYVE }, /* bhyve */ 128 { "Seabios", VMM_GUEST_KVM}, /* KVM */ 129 { NULL, 0 } 130 }; 131 132 static struct vmm_bname vmm_pnames[] = { 133 { "VMware Virtual Platform", VMM_GUEST_VMWARE }, /* VMWare VM */ 134 { "Virtual Machine", VMM_GUEST_HYPERV }, /* MS Hyper-V */ 135 { "VirtualBox", VMM_GUEST_VBOX }, /* Sun VirtualBox */ 136 { "Parallels Virtual Platform", VMM_GUEST_PARALLELS }, /* Parallels VM */ 137 { "KVM", VMM_GUEST_KVM }, /* KVM */ 138 { NULL, 0 } 139 }; 140 141 static const char *const vmm_guest_sysctl_names[] = { 142 "none", 143 "qemu", 144 "plex86", 145 "bochs", 146 "xen", 147 "bhyve", 148 "kvm", 149 "vmware", 150 "hyperv", 151 "vbox", 152 "parallels", 153 "vkernel", 154 "unknown", 155 NULL 156 }; 157 CTASSERT(NELEM(vmm_guest_sysctl_names) - 1 == VMM_GUEST_LAST); 158 159 char vmm_vendor[16]; 160 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, vmm_vendor, CTLFLAG_RD, vmm_vendor, 0, 161 "Virtual machine vendor"); 162 163 /* 164 * Detect known Virtual Machine hosts by inspecting the emulated BIOS. 165 */ 166 enum vmm_guest_type 167 detect_virtual(void) 168 { 169 char *sysenv; 170 int i; 171 172 sysenv = kgetenv("smbios.bios.vendor"); 173 if (sysenv != NULL) { 174 for (i = 0; vmm_bnames[i].str != NULL; i++) 175 if (strcmp(sysenv, vmm_bnames[i].str) == 0) { 176 kfreeenv(sysenv); 177 return (vmm_bnames[i].type); 178 } 179 kfreeenv(sysenv); 180 } 181 sysenv = kgetenv("smbios.system.product"); 182 if (sysenv != NULL) { 183 for (i = 0; vmm_pnames[i].str != NULL; i++) 184 if (strcmp(sysenv, vmm_pnames[i].str) == 0) { 185 kfreeenv(sysenv); 186 return (vmm_pnames[i].type); 187 } 188 kfreeenv(sysenv); 189 } 190 return (VMM_GUEST_NONE); 191 } 192 193 /* 194 * Boot time overrides that are not scaled against main memory 195 */ 196 void 197 init_param1(void) 198 { 199 hz = HZ_DEFAULT; 200 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.hz", &hz); 201 stathz = hz + 1; 202 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.stathz", &stathz); 203 profhz = stathz; 204 ustick = 1000000 / hz; 205 nstick = 1000000000 / hz; 206 /* can adjust 30ms in 60s */ 207 ntp_default_tick_delta = howmany(30000000, 60 * hz); 208 209 #ifdef VM_SWZONE_SIZE_MAX 210 maxswzone = VM_SWZONE_SIZE_MAX; 211 #endif 212 TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH("kern.maxswzone", &maxswzone); 213 #ifdef VM_BCACHE_SIZE_MAX 214 maxbcache = VM_BCACHE_SIZE_MAX; 215 #endif 216 TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH("kern.maxbcache", &maxbcache); 217 maxtsiz = MAXTSIZ; 218 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.maxtsiz", &maxtsiz); 219 dfldsiz = DFLDSIZ; 220 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.dfldsiz", &dfldsiz); 221 maxdsiz = MAXDSIZ; 222 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.maxdsiz", &maxdsiz); 223 dflssiz = DFLSSIZ; 224 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.dflssiz", &dflssiz); 225 maxssiz = MAXSSIZ; 226 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.maxssiz", &maxssiz); 227 sgrowsiz = SGROWSIZ; 228 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.sgrowsiz", &sgrowsiz); 229 maxthrssiz = MAXTHRSSIZ; 230 TUNABLE_QUAD_FETCH("kern.maxthrssiz", &maxthrssiz); 231 } 232 233 /* 234 * Boot time overrides that are scaled against main memory 235 */ 236 void 237 init_param2(int physpages) 238 { 239 size_t limsize; 240 241 /* 242 * Calculate manually becaus the VM page queues / system is not set 243 * up yet. 244 */ 245 limsize = (size_t)physpages * PAGE_SIZE; 246 if (limsize > KvaSize) 247 limsize = KvaSize; 248 if (maxswzone > limsize / 2) /* maxswzone size (1/2 of phys mem) */ 249 maxswzone = limsize / 2; 250 251 limsize /= 1024 * 1024; /* smaller of KVM or physmem in MB */ 252 253 /* Base parameters */ 254 maxusers = MAXUSERS; 255 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxusers", &maxusers); 256 if (maxusers == 0) { 257 maxusers = limsize / 8; /* ~384 per 3G */ 258 if (maxusers < 32) 259 maxusers = 32; 260 /* no upper limit */ 261 } 262 263 /* 264 * The following can be overridden after boot via sysctl. Note: 265 * unless overridden, these macros are ultimately based on maxusers. 266 * 267 * Limit maxproc so that kmap entries cannot be exhausted by 268 * processes. This limitation can be a bit problematic because 269 * processes can have a wide range of complexity. 270 */ 271 maxproc = NPROC; 272 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxproc", &maxproc); 273 if (maxproc < 32) 274 maxproc = 32; 275 if (maxproc > limsize * 40) 276 maxproc = limsize * 40; 277 278 /* 279 * Maximum number of open files 280 */ 281 maxfiles = MAXFILES; 282 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxfiles", &maxfiles); 283 if (maxfiles < 128) 284 maxfiles = 128; 285 286 /* 287 * Limit file descriptors so no single user can exhaust the 288 * system. 289 * 290 * WARNING: Do not set minfilesperproc too high or the user 291 * can exhaust the system with a combination of fork() 292 * and open(). Actual worst case is: 293 * 294 * (minfilesperproc * maxprocperuid) + maxfilesperuser 295 */ 296 maxprocperuid = maxproc / 4; 297 if (maxprocperuid < 128) 298 maxprocperuid = maxproc / 2; 299 minfilesperproc = 8; 300 maxfilesperproc = maxfiles / 4; 301 maxfilesperuser = maxfilesperproc * 2; 302 maxfilesrootres = maxfiles / 20; 303 304 /* 305 * Severe hack to try to prevent pipe() descriptors from 306 * blowing away kernel memory. 307 */ 308 if (KvaSize <= (vm_offset_t)(1536LL * 1024 * 1024) && 309 maxfilesperuser > 20000) { 310 maxfilesperuser = 20000; 311 } 312 313 maxposixlocksperuid = MAXPOSIXLOCKSPERUID; 314 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.maxposixlocksperuid", &maxposixlocksperuid); 315 316 /* 317 * Unless overridden, NBUF is typically 0 (auto-sized later). 318 */ 319 nbuf = NBUF; 320 TUNABLE_LONG_FETCH("kern.nbuf", &nbuf); 321 322 /* 323 * Calculate the size of the callout wheel. Limit to approximately 324 * 5 minutes worth of table (maxproc would have to be pretty huge), 325 * as more is not likely to gain us anything. 326 */ 327 ncallout = 16 + maxproc + maxfiles; 328 if (ncallout > 5*60*hz) 329 ncallout = 5*60*hz; 330 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.ncallout", &ncallout); 331 } 332 333 /* 334 * Sysctl stringifying handler for kern.vmm_guest. 335 */ 336 static int 337 sysctl_kern_vmm_guest(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS) 338 { 339 return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, vmm_guest_sysctl_names[vmm_guest], 340 strlen(vmm_guest_sysctl_names[vmm_guest]))); 341 } 342