xref: /dragonfly/sys/kern/usched_bsd4.c (revision 335b9e93)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 The DragonFly Project.  All rights reserved.
3  * Copyright (c) 1999 Peter Wemm <peter@FreeBSD.org>.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
6  * by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>,
7  * by Mihai Carabas <mihai.carabas@gmail.com>
8  * and many others.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/param.h>
33 #include <sys/systm.h>
34 #include <sys/kernel.h>
35 #include <sys/lock.h>
36 #include <sys/queue.h>
37 #include <sys/proc.h>
38 #include <sys/rtprio.h>
39 #include <sys/uio.h>
40 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
41 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
42 #include <sys/spinlock.h>
43 #include <sys/cpu_topology.h>
44 #include <sys/thread2.h>
45 #include <sys/spinlock2.h>
46 
47 #include <sys/ktr.h>
48 
49 #include <machine/cpu.h>
50 #include <machine/smp.h>
51 
52 /*
53  * Priorities.  Note that with 32 run queues per scheduler each queue
54  * represents four priority levels.
55  */
56 
57 #define MAXPRI			128
58 #define PRIMASK			(MAXPRI - 1)
59 #define PRIBASE_REALTIME	0
60 #define PRIBASE_NORMAL		MAXPRI
61 #define PRIBASE_IDLE		(MAXPRI * 2)
62 #define PRIBASE_THREAD		(MAXPRI * 3)
63 #define PRIBASE_NULL		(MAXPRI * 4)
64 
65 #define NQS	32			/* 32 run queues. */
66 #define PPQ	(MAXPRI / NQS)		/* priorities per queue */
67 #define PPQMASK	(PPQ - 1)
68 
69 /*
70  * NICEPPQ	- number of nice units per priority queue
71  *
72  * ESTCPUPPQ	- number of estcpu units per priority queue
73  * ESTCPUMAX	- number of estcpu units
74  */
75 #define NICEPPQ		2
76 #define ESTCPUPPQ	512
77 #define ESTCPUMAX	(ESTCPUPPQ * NQS)
78 #define BATCHMAX	(ESTCPUFREQ * 30)
79 #define PRIO_RANGE	(PRIO_MAX - PRIO_MIN + 1)
80 
81 #define ESTCPULIM(v)	min((v), ESTCPUMAX)
82 
83 TAILQ_HEAD(rq, lwp);
84 
85 #define lwp_priority	lwp_usdata.bsd4.priority
86 #define lwp_rqindex	lwp_usdata.bsd4.rqindex
87 #define lwp_estcpu	lwp_usdata.bsd4.estcpu
88 #define lwp_batch	lwp_usdata.bsd4.batch
89 #define lwp_rqtype	lwp_usdata.bsd4.rqtype
90 
91 static void bsd4_acquire_curproc(struct lwp *lp);
92 static void bsd4_release_curproc(struct lwp *lp);
93 static void bsd4_select_curproc(globaldata_t gd);
94 static void bsd4_setrunqueue(struct lwp *lp);
95 static void bsd4_schedulerclock(struct lwp *lp, sysclock_t period,
96 				sysclock_t cpstamp);
97 static void bsd4_recalculate_estcpu(struct lwp *lp);
98 static void bsd4_resetpriority(struct lwp *lp);
99 static void bsd4_forking(struct lwp *plp, struct lwp *lp);
100 static void bsd4_exiting(struct lwp *lp, struct proc *);
101 static void bsd4_uload_update(struct lwp *lp);
102 static void bsd4_yield(struct lwp *lp);
103 static void bsd4_need_user_resched_remote(void *dummy);
104 static int bsd4_batchy_looser_pri_test(struct lwp* lp);
105 static struct lwp *bsd4_chooseproc_locked_cache_coherent(struct lwp *chklp);
106 static void bsd4_kick_helper(struct lwp *lp);
107 static struct lwp *bsd4_chooseproc_locked(struct lwp *chklp);
108 static void bsd4_remrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp);
109 static void bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp);
110 static void bsd4_changedcpu(struct lwp *lp);
111 
112 struct usched usched_bsd4 = {
113 	{ NULL },
114 	"bsd4", "Original DragonFly Scheduler",
115 	NULL,			/* default registration */
116 	NULL,			/* default deregistration */
117 	bsd4_acquire_curproc,
118 	bsd4_release_curproc,
119 	bsd4_setrunqueue,
120 	bsd4_schedulerclock,
121 	bsd4_recalculate_estcpu,
122 	bsd4_resetpriority,
123 	bsd4_forking,
124 	bsd4_exiting,
125 	bsd4_uload_update,
126 	NULL,			/* setcpumask not supported */
127 	bsd4_yield,
128 	bsd4_changedcpu
129 };
130 
131 struct usched_bsd4_pcpu {
132 	struct thread	*helper_thread;
133 	short		rrcount;
134 	short		upri;
135 	struct lwp	*uschedcp;
136 	struct lwp	*old_uschedcp;
137 	cpu_node_t	*cpunode;
138 };
139 
140 typedef struct usched_bsd4_pcpu	*bsd4_pcpu_t;
141 
142 /*
143  * We have NQS (32) run queues per scheduling class.  For the normal
144  * class, there are 128 priorities scaled onto these 32 queues.  New
145  * processes are added to the last entry in each queue, and processes
146  * are selected for running by taking them from the head and maintaining
147  * a simple FIFO arrangement.  Realtime and Idle priority processes have
148  * and explicit 0-31 priority which maps directly onto their class queue
149  * index.  When a queue has something in it, the corresponding bit is
150  * set in the queuebits variable, allowing a single read to determine
151  * the state of all 32 queues and then a ffs() to find the first busy
152  * queue.
153  */
154 static struct rq bsd4_queues[NQS];
155 static struct rq bsd4_rtqueues[NQS];
156 static struct rq bsd4_idqueues[NQS];
157 static u_int32_t bsd4_queuebits;
158 static u_int32_t bsd4_rtqueuebits;
159 static u_int32_t bsd4_idqueuebits;
160 /* currently running a user process */
161 static cpumask_t bsd4_curprocmask = CPUMASK_INITIALIZER_ALLONES;
162 /* ready to accept a user process */
163 static cpumask_t bsd4_rdyprocmask;
164 static int	 bsd4_runqcount;
165 static volatile int bsd4_scancpu;
166 static struct spinlock bsd4_spin;
167 static struct usched_bsd4_pcpu bsd4_pcpu[MAXCPU];
168 static struct sysctl_ctx_list usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx;
169 static struct sysctl_oid *usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree;
170 
171 /* Debug info exposed through debug.* sysctl */
172 
173 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bsd4_runqcount, CTLFLAG_RD,
174 	   &bsd4_runqcount, 0,
175 	   "Number of run queues");
176 
177 static int usched_bsd4_debug = -1;
178 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bsd4_scdebug, CTLFLAG_RW,
179 	   &usched_bsd4_debug, 0,
180 	   "Print debug information for this pid");
181 
182 static int usched_bsd4_pid_debug = -1;
183 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bsd4_pid_debug, CTLFLAG_RW,
184 	   &usched_bsd4_pid_debug, 0,
185 	   "Print KTR debug information for this pid");
186 
187 /* Tunning usched_bsd4 - configurable through kern.usched_bsd4.* */
188 static int usched_bsd4_smt = 0;
189 static int usched_bsd4_cache_coherent = 0;
190 static int usched_bsd4_upri_affinity = 16; /* 32 queues - half-way */
191 static int usched_bsd4_queue_checks = 5;
192 static int usched_bsd4_stick_to_level = 0;
193 static long usched_bsd4_kicks;
194 static int usched_bsd4_rrinterval = (ESTCPUFREQ + 9) / 10;
195 static int usched_bsd4_decay = 8;
196 static int usched_bsd4_batch_time = 10;
197 
198 /* KTR debug printings */
199 
200 KTR_INFO_MASTER_EXTERN(usched);
201 
202 #if !defined(KTR_USCHED_BSD4)
203 #define	KTR_USCHED_BSD4	KTR_ALL
204 #endif
205 
206 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_acquire_curproc_urw, 0,
207     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_acquire_curproc in user_reseched_wanted "
208     "after release: pid %d, cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
209     pid_t pid, int cpuid, int curr);
210 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_acquire_curproc_before_loop, 0,
211     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_acquire_curproc before loop: pid %d, cpuid %d, "
212     "curr_cpuid %d)",
213     pid_t pid, int cpuid, int curr);
214 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_acquire_curproc_not, 0,
215     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_acquire_curproc couldn't acquire after "
216     "bsd4_setrunqueue: pid %d, cpuid %d, curr_lp pid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
217     pid_t pid, int cpuid, pid_t curr_pid, int curr_cpuid);
218 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_acquire_curproc_switch, 0,
219     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_acquire_curproc after lwkt_switch: pid %d, "
220     "cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
221     pid_t pid, int cpuid, int curr);
222 
223 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_release_curproc, 0,
224     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_release_curproc before select: pid %d, "
225     "cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
226     pid_t pid, int cpuid, int curr);
227 
228 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_select_curproc, 0,
229     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_release_curproc before select: pid %d, "
230     "cpuid %d, old_pid %d, old_cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
231     pid_t pid, int cpuid, pid_t old_pid, int old_cpuid, int curr);
232 
233 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, batchy_test_false, 0,
234     "USCHED_BSD4(batchy_looser_pri_test false: pid %d, "
235     "cpuid %d, verify_mask %lu)",
236     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask);
237 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, batchy_test_true, 0,
238     "USCHED_BSD4(batchy_looser_pri_test true: pid %d, "
239     "cpuid %d, verify_mask %lu)",
240     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask);
241 
242 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_setrunqueue_fc_smt, 0,
243     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_setrunqueue free cpus smt: pid %d, cpuid %d, "
244     "mask %lu, curr_cpuid %d)",
245     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask, int curr);
246 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_setrunqueue_fc_non_smt, 0,
247     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_setrunqueue free cpus check non_smt: pid %d, "
248     "cpuid %d, mask %lu, curr_cpuid %d)",
249     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask, int curr);
250 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_setrunqueue_rc, 0,
251     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_setrunqueue running cpus check: pid %d, "
252     "cpuid %d, mask %lu, curr_cpuid %d)",
253     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask, int curr);
254 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_setrunqueue_found, 0,
255     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_setrunqueue found cpu: pid %d, cpuid %d, "
256     "mask %lu, found_cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
257     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask, int found_cpuid, int curr);
258 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_setrunqueue_not_found, 0,
259     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_setrunqueue not found cpu: pid %d, cpuid %d, "
260     "try_cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
261     pid_t pid, int cpuid, int try_cpuid, int curr);
262 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_setrunqueue_found_best_cpuid, 0,
263     "USCHED_BSD4(bsd4_setrunqueue found cpu: pid %d, cpuid %d, "
264     "mask %lu, found_cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
265     pid_t pid, int cpuid, unsigned long mask, int found_cpuid, int curr);
266 
267 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, bsd4_chooseproc, 0,
268     "USCHED_BSD4(chooseproc: pid %d, old_cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
269     pid_t pid, int old_cpuid, int curr);
270 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, chooseproc_cc, 0,
271     "USCHED_BSD4(chooseproc_cc: pid %d, old_cpuid %d, curr_cpuid %d)",
272     pid_t pid, int old_cpuid, int curr);
273 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, chooseproc_cc_not_good, 0,
274     "USCHED_BSD4(chooseproc_cc not good: pid %d, old_cpumask %lu, "
275     "sibling_mask %lu, curr_cpumask %lu)",
276     pid_t pid, unsigned long old_cpumask, unsigned long sibling_mask, unsigned long curr);
277 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, chooseproc_cc_elected, 0,
278     "USCHED_BSD4(chooseproc_cc elected: pid %d, old_cpumask %lu, "
279     "sibling_mask %lu, curr_cpumask: %lu)",
280     pid_t pid, unsigned long old_cpumask, unsigned long sibling_mask, unsigned long curr);
281 
282 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, sched_thread_no_process, 0,
283     "USCHED_BSD4(sched_thread %d no process scheduled: pid %d, old_cpuid %d)",
284     int id, pid_t pid, int cpuid);
285 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, sched_thread_process, 0,
286     "USCHED_BSD4(sched_thread %d process scheduled: pid %d, old_cpuid %d)",
287     int id, pid_t pid, int cpuid);
288 KTR_INFO(KTR_USCHED_BSD4, usched, sched_thread_no_process_found, 0,
289     "USCHED_BSD4(sched_thread %d no process found; tmpmask %lu)",
290     int id, unsigned long tmpmask);
291 
292 /*
293  * Initialize the run queues at boot time.
294  */
295 static void
296 bsd4_rqinit(void *dummy)
297 {
298 	int i;
299 
300 	spin_init(&bsd4_spin, "bsd4rq");
301 	for (i = 0; i < NQS; i++) {
302 		TAILQ_INIT(&bsd4_queues[i]);
303 		TAILQ_INIT(&bsd4_rtqueues[i]);
304 		TAILQ_INIT(&bsd4_idqueues[i]);
305 	}
306 	ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_curprocmask, 0);
307 }
308 SYSINIT(runqueue, SI_BOOT2_USCHED, SI_ORDER_FIRST, bsd4_rqinit, NULL);
309 
310 /*
311  * BSD4_ACQUIRE_CURPROC
312  *
313  * This function is called when the kernel intends to return to userland.
314  * It is responsible for making the thread the current designated userland
315  * thread for this cpu, blocking if necessary.
316  *
317  * The kernel will not depress our LWKT priority until after we return,
318  * in case we have to shove over to another cpu.
319  *
320  * We must determine our thread's disposition before we switch away.  This
321  * is very sensitive code.
322  *
323  * WARNING! THIS FUNCTION IS ALLOWED TO CAUSE THE CURRENT THREAD TO MIGRATE
324  * TO ANOTHER CPU!  Because most of the kernel assumes that no migration will
325  * occur, this function is called only under very controlled circumstances.
326  *
327  * MPSAFE
328  */
329 static void
330 bsd4_acquire_curproc(struct lwp *lp)
331 {
332 	globaldata_t gd;
333 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd;
334 	thread_t td;
335 #if 0
336 	struct lwp *olp;
337 #endif
338 
339 	/*
340 	 * Make sure we aren't sitting on a tsleep queue.
341 	 */
342 	td = lp->lwp_thread;
343 	crit_enter_quick(td);
344 	if (td->td_flags & TDF_TSLEEPQ)
345 		tsleep_remove(td);
346 	bsd4_recalculate_estcpu(lp);
347 
348 	/*
349 	 * If a reschedule was requested give another thread the
350 	 * driver's seat.
351 	 */
352 	if (user_resched_wanted()) {
353 		clear_user_resched();
354 		bsd4_release_curproc(lp);
355 
356 		KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_acquire_curproc_urw,
357 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
358 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
359 		    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
360 		    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
361 	}
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * Loop until we are the current user thread
365 	 */
366 	gd = mycpu;
367 	dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
368 
369 	KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_acquire_curproc_before_loop,
370 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
371 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
372 	    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
373 	    gd->gd_cpuid);
374 
375 	do {
376 		/*
377 		 * Process any pending events and higher priority threads.
378 		 */
379 		lwkt_yield();
380 
381 		/* This lwp is an outcast; force reschedule. */
382 		if (__predict_false(
383 		    CPUMASK_TESTBIT(lp->lwp_cpumask, gd->gd_cpuid) == 0)) {
384 			bsd4_release_curproc(lp);
385 			goto resched;
386 		}
387 
388 		/*
389 		 * Become the currently scheduled user thread for this cpu
390 		 * if we can do so trivially.
391 		 *
392 		 * We can steal another thread's current thread designation
393 		 * on this cpu since if we are running that other thread
394 		 * must not be, so we can safely deschedule it.
395 		 */
396 		if (dd->uschedcp == lp) {
397 			/*
398 			 * We are already the current lwp (hot path).
399 			 */
400 			dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority;
401 		} else if (dd->uschedcp == NULL) {
402 			/*
403 			 * We can trivially become the current lwp.
404 			 */
405 			ATOMIC_CPUMASK_ORBIT(bsd4_curprocmask, gd->gd_cpuid);
406 			dd->uschedcp = lp;
407 			dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority;
408 		} else if (dd->upri > lp->lwp_priority) {
409 			/*
410 			 * We can steal the current cpu's lwp designation
411 			 * away simply by replacing it.  The other thread
412 			 * will stall when it tries to return to userland.
413 			 */
414 			dd->uschedcp = lp;
415 			dd->upri = lp->lwp_priority;
416 			/*
417 			lwkt_deschedule(olp->lwp_thread);
418 			bsd4_setrunqueue(olp);
419 			*/
420 		} else {
421 resched:
422 			/*
423 			 * We cannot become the current lwp, place the lp
424 			 * on the bsd4 run-queue and deschedule ourselves.
425 			 *
426 			 * When we are reactivated we will have another
427 			 * chance.
428 			 */
429 			lwkt_deschedule(lp->lwp_thread);
430 
431 			bsd4_setrunqueue(lp);
432 
433 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_acquire_curproc_not,
434 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
435 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
436 			    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
437 			    dd->uschedcp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
438 			    gd->gd_cpuid);
439 
440 
441 			lwkt_switch();
442 
443 			/*
444 			 * Reload after a switch or setrunqueue/switch possibly
445 			 * moved us to another cpu.
446 			 */
447 			gd = mycpu;
448 			dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
449 
450 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_acquire_curproc_switch,
451 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
452 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
453 			    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
454 			    gd->gd_cpuid);
455 		}
456 	} while (dd->uschedcp != lp);
457 
458 	crit_exit_quick(td);
459 	KKASSERT((lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) == 0);
460 }
461 
462 /*
463  * BSD4_RELEASE_CURPROC
464  *
465  * This routine detaches the current thread from the userland scheduler,
466  * usually because the thread needs to run or block in the kernel (at
467  * kernel priority) for a while.
468  *
469  * This routine is also responsible for selecting a new thread to
470  * make the current thread.
471  *
472  * NOTE: This implementation differs from the dummy example in that
473  * bsd4_select_curproc() is able to select the current process, whereas
474  * dummy_select_curproc() is not able to select the current process.
475  * This means we have to NULL out uschedcp.
476  *
477  * Additionally, note that we may already be on a run queue if releasing
478  * via the lwkt_switch() in bsd4_setrunqueue().
479  *
480  * MPSAFE
481  */
482 
483 static void
484 bsd4_release_curproc(struct lwp *lp)
485 {
486 	globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
487 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
488 
489 	if (dd->uschedcp == lp) {
490 		crit_enter();
491 		KKASSERT((lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) == 0);
492 
493 		KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_release_curproc,
494 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
495 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
496 		    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
497 		    gd->gd_cpuid);
498 
499 		dd->uschedcp = NULL;	/* don't let lp be selected */
500 		dd->upri = PRIBASE_NULL;
501 		ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_curprocmask, gd->gd_cpuid);
502 		dd->old_uschedcp = lp;	/* used only for KTR debug prints */
503 		bsd4_select_curproc(gd);
504 		crit_exit();
505 	}
506 }
507 
508 /*
509  * BSD4_SELECT_CURPROC
510  *
511  * Select a new current process for this cpu and clear any pending user
512  * reschedule request.  The cpu currently has no current process.
513  *
514  * This routine is also responsible for equal-priority round-robining,
515  * typically triggered from bsd4_schedulerclock().  In our dummy example
516  * all the 'user' threads are LWKT scheduled all at once and we just
517  * call lwkt_switch().
518  *
519  * The calling process is not on the queue and cannot be selected.
520  *
521  * MPSAFE
522  */
523 static
524 void
525 bsd4_select_curproc(globaldata_t gd)
526 {
527 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
528 	struct lwp *nlp;
529 	int cpuid = gd->gd_cpuid;
530 
531 	crit_enter_gd(gd);
532 
533 	spin_lock(&bsd4_spin);
534 	if(usched_bsd4_cache_coherent)
535 		nlp = bsd4_chooseproc_locked_cache_coherent(dd->uschedcp);
536 	else
537 		nlp = bsd4_chooseproc_locked(dd->uschedcp);
538 
539 	if (nlp) {
540 
541 		KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_select_curproc,
542 		    nlp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
543 		    nlp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
544 		    nlp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
545 		    dd->old_uschedcp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
546 		    dd->old_uschedcp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
547 		    gd->gd_cpuid);
548 
549 		ATOMIC_CPUMASK_ORBIT(bsd4_curprocmask, cpuid);
550 		dd->upri = nlp->lwp_priority;
551 		dd->uschedcp = nlp;
552 		dd->rrcount = 0;		/* reset round robin */
553 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
554 		lwkt_acquire(nlp->lwp_thread);
555 		lwkt_schedule(nlp->lwp_thread);
556 	} else {
557 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
558 	}
559 
560 #if 0
561 	} else if (bsd4_runqcount && CPUMASK_TESTBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask, cpuid)) {
562 		ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask, cpuid);
563 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
564 		lwkt_schedule(dd->helper_thread);
565 	} else {
566 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
567 	}
568 #endif
569 	crit_exit_gd(gd);
570 }
571 
572 /*
573  * batchy_looser_pri_test() - determine if a process is batchy or not
574  * relative to the other processes running in the system
575  */
576 static int
577 bsd4_batchy_looser_pri_test(struct lwp* lp)
578 {
579 	cpumask_t mask;
580 	bsd4_pcpu_t other_dd;
581 	int cpu;
582 
583 	/* Current running processes */
584 	mask = bsd4_curprocmask;
585 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, smp_active_mask);
586 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, usched_global_cpumask);
587 
588 	while (CPUMASK_TESTNZERO(mask)) {
589 		cpu = BSFCPUMASK(mask);
590 		other_dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpu];
591 		if (other_dd->upri - lp->lwp_priority > usched_bsd4_upri_affinity * PPQ) {
592 
593 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_batchy_test_false,
594 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
595 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
596 			    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
597 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask));
598 
599 			return 0;
600 		}
601 		CPUMASK_NANDBIT(mask, cpu);
602 	}
603 
604 	KTR_COND_LOG(usched_batchy_test_true,
605 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
606 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
607 	    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
608 	    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask));
609 
610 	return 1;
611 }
612 
613 /*
614  *
615  * BSD4_SETRUNQUEUE
616  *
617  * Place the specified lwp on the user scheduler's run queue.  This routine
618  * must be called with the thread descheduled.  The lwp must be runnable.
619  *
620  * The thread may be the current thread as a special case.
621  *
622  * MPSAFE
623  */
624 static void
625 bsd4_setrunqueue(struct lwp *lp)
626 {
627 	globaldata_t gd;
628 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd;
629 	int cpuid;
630 	cpumask_t mask;
631 	cpumask_t tmpmask;
632 
633 	/*
634 	 * First validate the process state relative to the current cpu.
635 	 * We don't need the spinlock for this, just a critical section.
636 	 * We are in control of the process.
637 	 */
638 	crit_enter();
639 	KASSERT(lp->lwp_stat == LSRUN, ("setrunqueue: lwp not LSRUN"));
640 	KASSERT((lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) == 0,
641 	    ("lwp %d/%d already on runq! flag %08x/%08x", lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
642 	     lp->lwp_tid, lp->lwp_proc->p_flags, lp->lwp_flags));
643 	KKASSERT((lp->lwp_thread->td_flags & TDF_RUNQ) == 0);
644 
645 	/*
646 	 * Note: gd and dd are relative to the target thread's last cpu,
647 	 * NOT our current cpu.
648 	 */
649 	gd = lp->lwp_thread->td_gd;
650 	dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
651 
652 	/*
653 	 * This process is not supposed to be scheduled anywhere or assigned
654 	 * as the current process anywhere.  Assert the condition.
655 	 */
656 	KKASSERT(dd->uschedcp != lp);
657 
658 	/*
659 	 * XXX fixme.  Could be part of a remrunqueue/setrunqueue
660 	 * operation when the priority is recalculated, so TDF_MIGRATING
661 	 * may already be set.
662 	 */
663 	if ((lp->lwp_thread->td_flags & TDF_MIGRATING) == 0)
664 		lwkt_giveaway(lp->lwp_thread);
665 
666 	/*
667 	 * We lose control of lp the moment we release the spinlock after
668 	 * having placed lp on the queue.  i.e. another cpu could pick it
669 	 * up and it could exit, or its priority could be further adjusted,
670 	 * or something like that.
671 	 */
672 	spin_lock(&bsd4_spin);
673 	bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(lp);
674 	lp->lwp_rebal_ticks = sched_ticks;
675 
676 	/*
677 	 * Kick the scheduler helper on one of the other cpu's
678 	 * and request a reschedule if appropriate.
679 	 *
680 	 * NOTE: We check all cpus whos rdyprocmask is set.  First we
681 	 *	 look for cpus without designated lps, then we look for
682 	 *	 cpus with designated lps with a worse priority than our
683 	 *	 process.
684 	 */
685 	++bsd4_scancpu;
686 
687 	if (usched_bsd4_smt) {
688 
689 		/*
690 		 * SMT heuristic - Try to schedule on a free physical core.
691 		 * If no physical core found than choose the one that has
692 		 * an interactive thread.
693 		 */
694 
695 		int best_cpuid = -1;
696 		int min_prio = MAXPRI * MAXPRI;
697 		int sibling;
698 
699 		cpuid = (bsd4_scancpu & 0xFFFF) % ncpus;
700 		mask = bsd4_rdyprocmask;
701 		CPUMASK_NANDMASK(mask, bsd4_curprocmask);
702 		CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, lp->lwp_cpumask);
703 		CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, smp_active_mask);
704 		CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, usched_global_cpumask);
705 
706 		KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_fc_smt,
707 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
708 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
709 		    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
710 		    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
711 		    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
712 
713 		while (CPUMASK_TESTNZERO(mask)) {
714 			CPUMASK_ASSNBMASK(tmpmask, cpuid);
715 			if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(tmpmask, mask)) {
716 				CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, mask);
717 				cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(tmpmask);
718 			} else {
719 				cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(mask);
720 			}
721 			gd = globaldata_find(cpuid);
722 			dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid];
723 
724 			if ((dd->upri & ~PPQMASK) >= (lp->lwp_priority & ~PPQMASK)) {
725 				tmpmask = dd->cpunode->parent_node->members;
726 				CPUMASK_NANDMASK(tmpmask, dd->cpunode->members);
727 				CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, mask);
728 				if (CPUMASK_TESTNZERO(tmpmask)) {
729 					KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_found,
730 					    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
731 					    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
732 					    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
733 					    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
734 					    cpuid,
735 					    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
736 
737 					goto found;
738 				} else {
739 					tmpmask =
740 					    dd->cpunode->parent_node->members;
741 					CPUMASK_NANDMASK(tmpmask,
742 					    dd->cpunode->members);
743 					sibling = BSFCPUMASK(tmpmask);
744 					if (min_prio >
745 					    bsd4_pcpu[sibling].upri) {
746 						min_prio =
747 							bsd4_pcpu[sibling].upri;
748 						best_cpuid = cpuid;
749 					}
750 				}
751 			}
752 			CPUMASK_NANDBIT(mask, cpuid);
753 		}
754 
755 		if (best_cpuid != -1) {
756 			cpuid = best_cpuid;
757 			gd = globaldata_find(cpuid);
758 			dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid];
759 
760 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_found_best_cpuid,
761 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
762 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
763 			    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
764 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
765 			    cpuid,
766 			    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
767 
768 			goto found;
769 		}
770 	} else {
771 		/* Fallback to the original heuristic */
772 		cpuid = (bsd4_scancpu & 0xFFFF) % ncpus;
773 		mask = bsd4_rdyprocmask;
774 		CPUMASK_NANDMASK(mask, bsd4_curprocmask);
775 		CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, lp->lwp_cpumask);
776 		CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, smp_active_mask);
777 		CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, usched_global_cpumask);
778 
779 		KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_fc_non_smt,
780 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
781 		    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
782 		    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
783 		    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
784 		    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
785 
786 		while (CPUMASK_TESTNZERO(mask)) {
787 			CPUMASK_ASSNBMASK(tmpmask, cpuid);
788 			if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(tmpmask, mask)) {
789 				CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, mask);
790 				cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(tmpmask);
791 			} else {
792 				cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(mask);
793 			}
794 			gd = globaldata_find(cpuid);
795 			dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid];
796 
797 			if ((dd->upri & ~PPQMASK) >=
798 			    (lp->lwp_priority & ~PPQMASK)) {
799 				KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_found,
800 				    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
801 				    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
802 				    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
803 				    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
804 				    cpuid,
805 				    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
806 
807 				goto found;
808 			}
809 			CPUMASK_NANDBIT(mask, cpuid);
810 		}
811 	}
812 
813 	/*
814 	 * Then cpus which might have a currently running lp
815 	 */
816 	mask = bsd4_curprocmask;
817 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, bsd4_rdyprocmask);
818 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, lp->lwp_cpumask);
819 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, smp_active_mask);
820 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(mask, usched_global_cpumask);
821 
822 	KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_rc,
823 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
824 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
825 	    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
826 	    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
827 	    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
828 
829 	while (CPUMASK_TESTNZERO(mask)) {
830 		CPUMASK_ASSNBMASK(tmpmask, cpuid);
831 		if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(tmpmask, mask)) {
832 			CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, mask);
833 			cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(tmpmask);
834 		} else {
835 			cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(mask);
836 		}
837 		gd = globaldata_find(cpuid);
838 		dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid];
839 
840 		if ((dd->upri & ~PPQMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PPQMASK)) {
841 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_found,
842 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
843 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
844 			    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
845 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(mask),
846 			    cpuid,
847 			    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
848 
849 			goto found;
850 		}
851 		CPUMASK_NANDBIT(mask, cpuid);
852 	}
853 
854 	/*
855 	 * If we cannot find a suitable cpu we reload from bsd4_scancpu
856 	 * and round-robin.  Other cpus will pickup as they release their
857 	 * current lwps or become ready.
858 	 *
859 	 * Avoid a degenerate system lockup case if usched_global_cpumask
860 	 * is set to 0 or otherwise does not cover lwp_cpumask.
861 	 *
862 	 * We only kick the target helper thread in this case, we do not
863 	 * set the user resched flag because
864 	 */
865 	cpuid = (bsd4_scancpu & 0xFFFF) % ncpus;
866 	if (CPUMASK_TESTBIT(lp->lwp_cpumask, cpuid) == 0)
867 		cpuid = BSFCPUMASK(lp->lwp_cpumask);
868 	else if (CPUMASK_TESTBIT(usched_global_cpumask, cpuid) == 0)
869 		cpuid = 0;
870 	gd = globaldata_find(cpuid);
871 	dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid];
872 
873 	KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_setrunqueue_not_found,
874 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
875 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
876 	    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
877 	    cpuid,
878 	    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
879 
880 found:
881 	if (gd == mycpu) {
882 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
883 		if ((dd->upri & ~PPQMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PPQMASK)) {
884 			if (dd->uschedcp == NULL) {
885 				wakeup_mycpu(dd->helper_thread);
886 			} else {
887 				need_user_resched();
888 			}
889 		}
890 	} else {
891 		ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask, cpuid);
892 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
893 		if ((dd->upri & ~PPQMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PPQMASK))
894 			lwkt_send_ipiq(gd, bsd4_need_user_resched_remote, NULL);
895 		else
896 			wakeup(dd->helper_thread);
897 	}
898 	crit_exit();
899 }
900 
901 /*
902  * This routine is called from a systimer IPI.  It MUST be MP-safe and
903  * the BGL IS NOT HELD ON ENTRY.  This routine is called at ESTCPUFREQ on
904  * each cpu.
905  *
906  * This routine is called on every sched tick.  If the currently running
907  * thread belongs to this scheduler it will be called with a non-NULL lp,
908  * otherwise it will be called with a NULL lp.
909  *
910  * MPSAFE
911  */
912 static
913 void
914 bsd4_schedulerclock(struct lwp *lp, sysclock_t period, sysclock_t cpstamp)
915 {
916 	globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
917 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
918 
919 	/*
920 	 * No impl if no lp running.
921 	 */
922 	if (lp == NULL)
923 		return;
924 
925 	/*
926 	 * Do we need to round-robin?  We round-robin 10 times a second.
927 	 * This should only occur for cpu-bound batch processes.
928 	 */
929 	if (++dd->rrcount >= usched_bsd4_rrinterval) {
930 		dd->rrcount = 0;
931 		need_user_resched();
932 	}
933 
934 	/*
935 	 * Adjust estcpu upward using a real time equivalent calculation.
936 	 */
937 	lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(lp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUMAX / ESTCPUFREQ + 1);
938 
939 	/*
940 	 * Spinlocks also hold a critical section so there should not be
941 	 * any active.
942 	 */
943 	KKASSERT(gd->gd_spinlocks == 0);
944 
945 	bsd4_resetpriority(lp);
946 }
947 
948 /*
949  * Called from acquire and from kern_synch's one-second timer (one of the
950  * callout helper threads) with a critical section held.
951  *
952  * Decay p_estcpu based on the number of ticks we haven't been running
953  * and our p_nice.  As the load increases each process observes a larger
954  * number of idle ticks (because other processes are running in them).
955  * This observation leads to a larger correction which tends to make the
956  * system more 'batchy'.
957  *
958  * Note that no recalculation occurs for a process which sleeps and wakes
959  * up in the same tick.  That is, a system doing thousands of context
960  * switches per second will still only do serious estcpu calculations
961  * ESTCPUFREQ times per second.
962  *
963  * MPSAFE
964  */
965 static
966 void
967 bsd4_recalculate_estcpu(struct lwp *lp)
968 {
969 	globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
970 	sysclock_t cpbase;
971 	sysclock_t ttlticks;
972 	int estcpu;
973 	int decay_factor;
974 
975 	/*
976 	 * We have to subtract periodic to get the last schedclock
977 	 * timeout time, otherwise we would get the upcoming timeout.
978 	 * Keep in mind that a process can migrate between cpus and
979 	 * while the scheduler clock should be very close, boundary
980 	 * conditions could lead to a small negative delta.
981 	 */
982 	cpbase = gd->gd_schedclock.time - gd->gd_schedclock.periodic;
983 
984 	if (lp->lwp_slptime > 1) {
985 		/*
986 		 * Too much time has passed, do a coarse correction.
987 		 */
988 		lp->lwp_estcpu = lp->lwp_estcpu >> 1;
989 		bsd4_resetpriority(lp);
990 		lp->lwp_cpbase = cpbase;
991 		lp->lwp_cpticks = 0;
992 		lp->lwp_batch -= ESTCPUFREQ;
993 		if (lp->lwp_batch < 0)
994 			lp->lwp_batch = 0;
995 	} else if (lp->lwp_cpbase != cpbase) {
996 		/*
997 		 * Adjust estcpu if we are in a different tick.  Don't waste
998 		 * time if we are in the same tick.
999 		 *
1000 		 * First calculate the number of ticks in the measurement
1001 		 * interval.  The ttlticks calculation can wind up 0 due to
1002 		 * a bug in the handling of lwp_slptime  (as yet not found),
1003 		 * so make sure we do not get a divide by 0 panic.
1004 		 */
1005 		ttlticks = (cpbase - lp->lwp_cpbase) /
1006 			   gd->gd_schedclock.periodic;
1007 		if ((ssysclock_t)ttlticks < 0) {
1008 			ttlticks = 0;
1009 			lp->lwp_cpbase = cpbase;
1010 		}
1011 		if (ttlticks == 0)
1012 			return;
1013 		updatepcpu(lp, lp->lwp_cpticks, ttlticks);
1014 
1015 		/*
1016 		 * Calculate the percentage of one cpu used factoring in ncpus
1017 		 * and the load and adjust estcpu.  Handle degenerate cases
1018 		 * by adding 1 to bsd4_runqcount.
1019 		 *
1020 		 * estcpu is scaled by ESTCPUMAX.
1021 		 *
1022 		 * bsd4_runqcount is the excess number of user processes
1023 		 * that cannot be immediately scheduled to cpus.  We want
1024 		 * to count these as running to avoid range compression
1025 		 * in the base calculation (which is the actual percentage
1026 		 * of one cpu used).
1027 		 */
1028 		estcpu = (lp->lwp_cpticks * ESTCPUMAX) *
1029 			 (bsd4_runqcount + ncpus) / (ncpus * ttlticks);
1030 
1031 		/*
1032 		 * If estcpu is > 50% we become more batch-like
1033 		 * If estcpu is <= 50% we become less batch-like
1034 		 *
1035 		 * It takes 30 cpu seconds to traverse the entire range.
1036 		 */
1037 		if (estcpu > ESTCPUMAX / 2) {
1038 			lp->lwp_batch += ttlticks;
1039 			if (lp->lwp_batch > BATCHMAX)
1040 				lp->lwp_batch = BATCHMAX;
1041 		} else {
1042 			lp->lwp_batch -= ttlticks;
1043 			if (lp->lwp_batch < 0)
1044 				lp->lwp_batch = 0;
1045 		}
1046 
1047 		if (usched_bsd4_debug == lp->lwp_proc->p_pid) {
1048 			kprintf("pid %d lwp %p estcpu %3d %3d bat %d cp %d/%d",
1049 				lp->lwp_proc->p_pid, lp,
1050 				estcpu, lp->lwp_estcpu,
1051 				lp->lwp_batch,
1052 				lp->lwp_cpticks, ttlticks);
1053 		}
1054 
1055 		/*
1056 		 * Adjust lp->lwp_esetcpu.  The decay factor determines how
1057 		 * quickly lwp_estcpu collapses to its realtime calculation.
1058 		 * A slower collapse gives us a more accurate number but
1059 		 * can cause a cpu hog to eat too much cpu before the
1060 		 * scheduler decides to downgrade it.
1061 		 *
1062 		 * NOTE: p_nice is accounted for in bsd4_resetpriority(),
1063 		 *	 and not here, but we must still ensure that a
1064 		 *	 cpu-bound nice -20 process does not completely
1065 		 *	 override a cpu-bound nice +20 process.
1066 		 *
1067 		 * NOTE: We must use ESTCPULIM() here to deal with any
1068 		 *	 overshoot.
1069 		 */
1070 		decay_factor = usched_bsd4_decay;
1071 		if (decay_factor < 1)
1072 			decay_factor = 1;
1073 		if (decay_factor > 1024)
1074 			decay_factor = 1024;
1075 
1076 		lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(
1077 			(lp->lwp_estcpu * decay_factor + estcpu) /
1078 			(decay_factor + 1));
1079 
1080 		if (usched_bsd4_debug == lp->lwp_proc->p_pid)
1081 			kprintf(" finalestcpu %d\n", lp->lwp_estcpu);
1082 		bsd4_resetpriority(lp);
1083 		lp->lwp_cpbase += ttlticks * gd->gd_schedclock.periodic;
1084 		lp->lwp_cpticks = 0;
1085 	}
1086 }
1087 
1088 /*
1089  * Compute the priority of a process when running in user mode.
1090  * Arrange to reschedule if the resulting priority is better
1091  * than that of the current process.
1092  *
1093  * This routine may be called with any process.
1094  *
1095  * This routine is called by fork1() for initial setup with the process
1096  * of the run queue, and also may be called normally with the process on or
1097  * off the run queue.
1098  *
1099  * MPSAFE
1100  */
1101 static void
1102 bsd4_resetpriority(struct lwp *lp)
1103 {
1104 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd;
1105 	int newpriority;
1106 	u_short newrqtype;
1107 	int reschedcpu;
1108 	int checkpri;
1109 	int estcpu;
1110 
1111 	/*
1112 	 * Calculate the new priority and queue type
1113 	 */
1114 	crit_enter();
1115 	spin_lock(&bsd4_spin);
1116 
1117 	newrqtype = lp->lwp_rtprio.type;
1118 
1119 	switch(newrqtype) {
1120 	case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME:
1121 	case RTP_PRIO_FIFO:
1122 		newpriority = PRIBASE_REALTIME +
1123 			     (lp->lwp_rtprio.prio & PRIMASK);
1124 		break;
1125 	case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
1126 		/*
1127 		 * Detune estcpu based on batchiness.  lwp_batch ranges
1128 		 * from 0 to  BATCHMAX.  Limit estcpu for the sake of
1129 		 * the priority calculation to between 50% and 100%.
1130 		 */
1131 		estcpu = lp->lwp_estcpu * (lp->lwp_batch + BATCHMAX) /
1132 			 (BATCHMAX * 2);
1133 
1134 		/*
1135 		 * p_nice piece		Adds (0-40) * 2		0-80
1136 		 * estcpu		Adds 16384  * 4 / 512   0-128
1137 		 */
1138 		newpriority = (lp->lwp_proc->p_nice - PRIO_MIN) * PPQ / NICEPPQ;
1139 		newpriority += estcpu * PPQ / ESTCPUPPQ;
1140 		newpriority = newpriority * MAXPRI / (PRIO_RANGE * PPQ /
1141 			      NICEPPQ + ESTCPUMAX * PPQ / ESTCPUPPQ);
1142 		newpriority = PRIBASE_NORMAL + (newpriority & PRIMASK);
1143 		break;
1144 	case RTP_PRIO_IDLE:
1145 		newpriority = PRIBASE_IDLE + (lp->lwp_rtprio.prio & PRIMASK);
1146 		break;
1147 	case RTP_PRIO_THREAD:
1148 		newpriority = PRIBASE_THREAD + (lp->lwp_rtprio.prio & PRIMASK);
1149 		break;
1150 	default:
1151 		panic("Bad RTP_PRIO %d", newrqtype);
1152 		/* NOT REACHED */
1153 	}
1154 
1155 	/*
1156 	 * The newpriority incorporates the queue type so do a simple masked
1157 	 * check to determine if the process has moved to another queue.  If
1158 	 * it has, and it is currently on a run queue, then move it.
1159 	 *
1160 	 * td_upri has normal sense (higher values are more desireable), so
1161 	 * negate it.
1162 	 */
1163 	lp->lwp_thread->td_upri = -(newpriority & ~PPQMASK);
1164 	if ((lp->lwp_priority ^ newpriority) & ~PPQMASK) {
1165 		lp->lwp_priority = newpriority;
1166 		if (lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) {
1167 			bsd4_remrunqueue_locked(lp);
1168 			lp->lwp_rqtype = newrqtype;
1169 			lp->lwp_rqindex = (newpriority & PRIMASK) / PPQ;
1170 			bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(lp);
1171 			checkpri = 1;
1172 		} else {
1173 			lp->lwp_rqtype = newrqtype;
1174 			lp->lwp_rqindex = (newpriority & PRIMASK) / PPQ;
1175 			checkpri = 0;
1176 		}
1177 		reschedcpu = lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid;
1178 	} else {
1179 		lp->lwp_priority = newpriority;
1180 		reschedcpu = -1;
1181 		checkpri = 1;
1182 	}
1183 
1184 	/*
1185 	 * Determine if we need to reschedule the target cpu.  This only
1186 	 * occurs if the LWP is already on a scheduler queue, which means
1187 	 * that idle cpu notification has already occured.  At most we
1188 	 * need only issue a need_user_resched() on the appropriate cpu.
1189 	 *
1190 	 * The LWP may be owned by a CPU different from the current one,
1191 	 * in which case dd->uschedcp may be modified without an MP lock
1192 	 * or a spinlock held.  The worst that happens is that the code
1193 	 * below causes a spurious need_user_resched() on the target CPU
1194 	 * and dd->pri to be wrong for a short period of time, both of
1195 	 * which are harmless.
1196 	 *
1197 	 * If checkpri is 0 we are adjusting the priority of the current
1198 	 * process, possibly higher (less desireable), so ignore the upri
1199 	 * check which will fail in that case.
1200 	 */
1201 	if (reschedcpu >= 0) {
1202 		dd = &bsd4_pcpu[reschedcpu];
1203 		if (CPUMASK_TESTBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask, reschedcpu) &&
1204 		    (checkpri == 0 ||
1205 		     (dd->upri & ~PRIMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PRIMASK))) {
1206 			if (reschedcpu == mycpu->gd_cpuid) {
1207 				spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1208 				need_user_resched();
1209 			} else {
1210 				spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1211 				ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask,
1212 						       reschedcpu);
1213 				lwkt_send_ipiq(lp->lwp_thread->td_gd,
1214 					       bsd4_need_user_resched_remote,
1215 					       NULL);
1216 			}
1217 		} else {
1218 			spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1219 		}
1220 	} else {
1221 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1222 	}
1223 	crit_exit();
1224 }
1225 
1226 /*
1227  * MPSAFE
1228  */
1229 static
1230 void
1231 bsd4_yield(struct lwp *lp)
1232 {
1233 #if 0
1234 	/* FUTURE (or something similar) */
1235 	switch(lp->lwp_rqtype) {
1236 	case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
1237 		lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(lp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUINCR);
1238 		break;
1239 	default:
1240 		break;
1241 	}
1242 #endif
1243         need_user_resched();
1244 }
1245 
1246 static
1247 void
1248 bsd4_changedcpu(struct lwp *lp __unused)
1249 {
1250 }
1251 
1252 /*
1253  * Called from fork1() when a new child process is being created.
1254  *
1255  * Give the child process an initial estcpu that is more batch then
1256  * its parent and dock the parent for the fork (but do not
1257  * reschedule the parent).   This comprises the main part of our batch
1258  * detection heuristic for both parallel forking and sequential execs.
1259  *
1260  * XXX lwp should be "spawning" instead of "forking"
1261  *
1262  * MPSAFE
1263  */
1264 static void
1265 bsd4_forking(struct lwp *plp, struct lwp *lp)
1266 {
1267 	/*
1268 	 * Put the child 4 queue slots (out of 32) higher than the parent
1269 	 * (less desireable than the parent).
1270 	 */
1271 	lp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(plp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUPPQ * 4);
1272 
1273 	/*
1274 	 * The batch status of children always starts out centerline
1275 	 * and will inch-up or inch-down as appropriate.  It takes roughly
1276 	 * ~15 seconds of >50% cpu to hit the limit.
1277 	 */
1278 	lp->lwp_batch = BATCHMAX / 2;
1279 
1280 	/*
1281 	 * Dock the parent a cost for the fork, protecting us from fork
1282 	 * bombs.  If the parent is forking quickly make the child more
1283 	 * batchy.
1284 	 */
1285 	plp->lwp_estcpu = ESTCPULIM(plp->lwp_estcpu + ESTCPUPPQ / 16);
1286 }
1287 
1288 /*
1289  * Called when a lwp is being removed from this scheduler, typically
1290  * during lwp_exit().
1291  */
1292 static void
1293 bsd4_exiting(struct lwp *lp, struct proc *child_proc)
1294 {
1295 }
1296 
1297 static void
1298 bsd4_uload_update(struct lwp *lp)
1299 {
1300 }
1301 
1302 /*
1303  * chooseproc() is called when a cpu needs a user process to LWKT schedule,
1304  * it selects a user process and returns it.  If chklp is non-NULL and chklp
1305  * has a better or equal priority then the process that would otherwise be
1306  * chosen, NULL is returned.
1307  *
1308  * Until we fix the RUNQ code the chklp test has to be strict or we may
1309  * bounce between processes trying to acquire the current process designation.
1310  *
1311  * MPSAFE - must be called with bsd4_spin exclusive held.  The spinlock is
1312  *	    left intact through the entire routine.
1313  */
1314 static
1315 struct lwp *
1316 bsd4_chooseproc_locked(struct lwp *chklp)
1317 {
1318 	struct lwp *lp;
1319 	struct rq *q;
1320 	u_int32_t *which, *which2;
1321 	u_int32_t pri;
1322 	u_int32_t rtqbits;
1323 	u_int32_t tsqbits;
1324 	u_int32_t idqbits;
1325 	cpumask_t cpumask;
1326 
1327 	rtqbits = bsd4_rtqueuebits;
1328 	tsqbits = bsd4_queuebits;
1329 	idqbits = bsd4_idqueuebits;
1330 	cpumask = mycpu->gd_cpumask;
1331 
1332 
1333 again:
1334 	if (rtqbits) {
1335 		pri = bsfl(rtqbits);
1336 		q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri];
1337 		which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits;
1338 		which2 = &rtqbits;
1339 	} else if (tsqbits) {
1340 		pri = bsfl(tsqbits);
1341 		q = &bsd4_queues[pri];
1342 		which = &bsd4_queuebits;
1343 		which2 = &tsqbits;
1344 	} else if (idqbits) {
1345 		pri = bsfl(idqbits);
1346 		q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri];
1347 		which = &bsd4_idqueuebits;
1348 		which2 = &idqbits;
1349 	} else {
1350 		return NULL;
1351 	}
1352 	lp = TAILQ_FIRST(q);
1353 	KASSERT(lp, ("chooseproc: no lwp on busy queue"));
1354 
1355 	while (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(lp->lwp_cpumask, cpumask) == 0) {
1356 		lp = TAILQ_NEXT(lp, lwp_procq);
1357 		if (lp == NULL) {
1358 			*which2 &= ~(1 << pri);
1359 			goto again;
1360 		}
1361 	}
1362 
1363 	/*
1364 	 * If the passed lwp <chklp> is reasonably close to the selected
1365 	 * lwp <lp>, return NULL (indicating that <chklp> should be kept).
1366 	 *
1367 	 * Note that we must error on the side of <chklp> to avoid bouncing
1368 	 * between threads in the acquire code.
1369 	 */
1370 	if (chklp) {
1371 		if (chklp->lwp_priority < lp->lwp_priority + PPQ)
1372 			return(NULL);
1373 	}
1374 
1375 	/*
1376 	 * If the chosen lwp does not reside on this cpu spend a few
1377 	 * cycles looking for a better candidate at the same priority level.
1378 	 * This is a fallback check, setrunqueue() tries to wakeup the
1379 	 * correct cpu and is our front-line affinity.
1380 	 */
1381 	if (lp->lwp_thread->td_gd != mycpu &&
1382 	    (chklp = TAILQ_NEXT(lp, lwp_procq)) != NULL
1383 	) {
1384 		if (chklp->lwp_thread->td_gd == mycpu) {
1385 			lp = chklp;
1386 		}
1387 	}
1388 
1389 	KTR_COND_LOG(usched_bsd4_chooseproc,
1390 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
1391 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
1392 	    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
1393 	    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
1394 
1395 	TAILQ_REMOVE(q, lp, lwp_procq);
1396 	--bsd4_runqcount;
1397 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(q))
1398 		*which &= ~(1 << pri);
1399 	KASSERT((lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) != 0, ("not on runq6!"));
1400 	atomic_clear_int(&lp->lwp_mpflags, LWP_MP_ONRUNQ);
1401 
1402 	return lp;
1403 }
1404 
1405 /*
1406  * chooseproc() - with a cache coherence heuristic. Try to pull a process that
1407  * has its home on the current CPU> If the process doesn't have its home here
1408  * and is a batchy one (see batcy_looser_pri_test), we can wait for a
1409  * sched_tick, may be its home will become free and pull it in. Anyway,
1410  * we can't wait more than one tick. If that tick expired, we pull in that
1411  * process, no matter what.
1412  */
1413 static
1414 struct lwp *
1415 bsd4_chooseproc_locked_cache_coherent(struct lwp *chklp)
1416 {
1417 	struct lwp *lp;
1418 	struct rq *q;
1419 	u_int32_t *which, *which2;
1420 	u_int32_t pri;
1421 	u_int32_t checks;
1422 	u_int32_t rtqbits;
1423 	u_int32_t tsqbits;
1424 	u_int32_t idqbits;
1425 	cpumask_t cpumask;
1426 
1427 	struct lwp * min_level_lwp = NULL;
1428 	struct rq *min_q = NULL;
1429 	cpumask_t siblings;
1430 	cpu_node_t* cpunode = NULL;
1431 	u_int32_t min_level = MAXCPU;	/* number of levels < MAXCPU */
1432 	u_int32_t *min_which = NULL;
1433 	u_int32_t min_pri = 0;
1434 	u_int32_t level = 0;
1435 
1436 	rtqbits = bsd4_rtqueuebits;
1437 	tsqbits = bsd4_queuebits;
1438 	idqbits = bsd4_idqueuebits;
1439 	cpumask = mycpu->gd_cpumask;
1440 
1441 	/* Get the mask coresponding to the sysctl configured level */
1442 	cpunode = bsd4_pcpu[mycpu->gd_cpuid].cpunode;
1443 	level = usched_bsd4_stick_to_level;
1444 	while (level) {
1445 		cpunode = cpunode->parent_node;
1446 		level--;
1447 	}
1448 	/* The cpus which can ellect a process */
1449 	siblings = cpunode->members;
1450 	checks = 0;
1451 
1452 again:
1453 	if (rtqbits) {
1454 		pri = bsfl(rtqbits);
1455 		q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri];
1456 		which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits;
1457 		which2 = &rtqbits;
1458 	} else if (tsqbits) {
1459 		pri = bsfl(tsqbits);
1460 		q = &bsd4_queues[pri];
1461 		which = &bsd4_queuebits;
1462 		which2 = &tsqbits;
1463 	} else if (idqbits) {
1464 		pri = bsfl(idqbits);
1465 		q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri];
1466 		which = &bsd4_idqueuebits;
1467 		which2 = &idqbits;
1468 	} else {
1469 		/*
1470 		 * No more left and we didn't reach the checks limit.
1471 		 */
1472 		bsd4_kick_helper(min_level_lwp);
1473 		return NULL;
1474 	}
1475 	lp = TAILQ_FIRST(q);
1476 	KASSERT(lp, ("chooseproc: no lwp on busy queue"));
1477 
1478 	/*
1479 	 * Limit the number of checks/queue to a configurable value to
1480 	 * minimize the contention (we are in a locked region
1481 	 */
1482 	while (checks < usched_bsd4_queue_checks) {
1483 		if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(lp->lwp_cpumask, cpumask) == 0 ||
1484 		    (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(siblings,
1485 				      lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpumask) == 0 &&
1486 		      (lp->lwp_rebal_ticks == sched_ticks ||
1487 		       lp->lwp_rebal_ticks == (int)(sched_ticks - 1)) &&
1488 		      bsd4_batchy_looser_pri_test(lp))) {
1489 
1490 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_chooseproc_cc_not_good,
1491 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
1492 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
1493 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(
1494 					lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpumask),
1495 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(siblings),
1496 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(cpumask));
1497 
1498 			cpunode = bsd4_pcpu[lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid].cpunode;
1499 			level = 0;
1500 			while (cpunode) {
1501 				if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(cpunode->members,
1502 						     cpumask)) {
1503 					break;
1504 				}
1505 				cpunode = cpunode->parent_node;
1506 				level++;
1507 			}
1508 			if (level < min_level ||
1509 			    (level == min_level && min_level_lwp &&
1510 			     lp->lwp_priority < min_level_lwp->lwp_priority)) {
1511 				bsd4_kick_helper(min_level_lwp);
1512 				min_level_lwp = lp;
1513 				min_level = level;
1514 				min_q = q;
1515 				min_which = which;
1516 				min_pri = pri;
1517 			} else {
1518 				bsd4_kick_helper(lp);
1519 			}
1520 			lp = TAILQ_NEXT(lp, lwp_procq);
1521 			if (lp == NULL) {
1522 				*which2 &= ~(1 << pri);
1523 				goto again;
1524 			}
1525 		} else {
1526 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_chooseproc_cc_elected,
1527 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
1528 			    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
1529 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(
1530 					lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpumask),
1531 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(siblings),
1532 			    (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(cpumask));
1533 
1534 			goto found;
1535 		}
1536 		++checks;
1537 	}
1538 
1539 	/*
1540 	 * Checks exhausted, we tried to defer too many threads, so schedule
1541 	 * the best of the worst.
1542 	 */
1543 	lp = min_level_lwp;
1544 	q = min_q;
1545 	which = min_which;
1546 	pri = min_pri;
1547 	KASSERT(lp, ("chooseproc: at least the first lp was good"));
1548 
1549 found:
1550 
1551 	/*
1552 	 * If the passed lwp <chklp> is reasonably close to the selected
1553 	 * lwp <lp>, return NULL (indicating that <chklp> should be kept).
1554 	 *
1555 	 * Note that we must error on the side of <chklp> to avoid bouncing
1556 	 * between threads in the acquire code.
1557 	 */
1558 	if (chklp) {
1559 		if (chklp->lwp_priority < lp->lwp_priority + PPQ) {
1560 			bsd4_kick_helper(lp);
1561 			return(NULL);
1562 		}
1563 	}
1564 
1565 	KTR_COND_LOG(usched_chooseproc_cc,
1566 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
1567 	    lp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
1568 	    lp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid,
1569 	    mycpu->gd_cpuid);
1570 
1571 	TAILQ_REMOVE(q, lp, lwp_procq);
1572 	--bsd4_runqcount;
1573 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(q))
1574 		*which &= ~(1 << pri);
1575 	KASSERT((lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) != 0, ("not on runq6!"));
1576 	atomic_clear_int(&lp->lwp_mpflags, LWP_MP_ONRUNQ);
1577 
1578 	return lp;
1579 }
1580 
1581 /*
1582  * If we aren't willing to schedule a ready process on our cpu, give it's
1583  * target cpu a kick rather than wait for the next tick.
1584  *
1585  * Called with bsd4_spin held.
1586  */
1587 static
1588 void
1589 bsd4_kick_helper(struct lwp *lp)
1590 {
1591 	globaldata_t gd;
1592 	bsd4_pcpu_t dd;
1593 	cpumask_t tmpmask;
1594 
1595 	if (lp == NULL)
1596 		return;
1597 	gd = lp->lwp_thread->td_gd;
1598 	dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
1599 
1600 	tmpmask = smp_active_mask;
1601 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, usched_global_cpumask);
1602 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, bsd4_rdyprocmask);
1603 	CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, gd->gd_cpumask);
1604 	if (CPUMASK_TESTZERO(tmpmask))
1605 		return;
1606 
1607 	++usched_bsd4_kicks;
1608 	ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask, gd->gd_cpuid);
1609 	if ((dd->upri & ~PPQMASK) > (lp->lwp_priority & ~PPQMASK)) {
1610 		lwkt_send_ipiq(gd, bsd4_need_user_resched_remote, NULL);
1611 	} else {
1612 		wakeup(dd->helper_thread);
1613 	}
1614 }
1615 
1616 static
1617 void
1618 bsd4_need_user_resched_remote(void *dummy)
1619 {
1620 	globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
1621 	bsd4_pcpu_t  dd = &bsd4_pcpu[gd->gd_cpuid];
1622 
1623 	need_user_resched();
1624 
1625 	/* Call wakeup_mycpu to avoid sending IPIs to other CPUs */
1626 	wakeup_mycpu(dd->helper_thread);
1627 }
1628 
1629 /*
1630  * bsd4_remrunqueue_locked() removes a given process from the run queue
1631  * that it is on, clearing the queue busy bit if it becomes empty.
1632  *
1633  * Note that user process scheduler is different from the LWKT schedule.
1634  * The user process scheduler only manages user processes but it uses LWKT
1635  * underneath, and a user process operating in the kernel will often be
1636  * 'released' from our management.
1637  *
1638  * MPSAFE - bsd4_spin must be held exclusively on call
1639  */
1640 static void
1641 bsd4_remrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp)
1642 {
1643 	struct rq *q;
1644 	u_int32_t *which;
1645 	u_int8_t pri;
1646 
1647 	KKASSERT(lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ);
1648 	atomic_clear_int(&lp->lwp_mpflags, LWP_MP_ONRUNQ);
1649 	--bsd4_runqcount;
1650 	KKASSERT(bsd4_runqcount >= 0);
1651 
1652 	pri = lp->lwp_rqindex;
1653 	switch(lp->lwp_rqtype) {
1654 	case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
1655 		q = &bsd4_queues[pri];
1656 		which = &bsd4_queuebits;
1657 		break;
1658 	case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME:
1659 	case RTP_PRIO_FIFO:
1660 		q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri];
1661 		which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits;
1662 		break;
1663 	case RTP_PRIO_IDLE:
1664 		q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri];
1665 		which = &bsd4_idqueuebits;
1666 		break;
1667 	default:
1668 		panic("remrunqueue: invalid rtprio type");
1669 		/* NOT REACHED */
1670 	}
1671 	TAILQ_REMOVE(q, lp, lwp_procq);
1672 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(q)) {
1673 		KASSERT((*which & (1 << pri)) != 0,
1674 			("remrunqueue: remove from empty queue"));
1675 		*which &= ~(1 << pri);
1676 	}
1677 }
1678 
1679 /*
1680  * bsd4_setrunqueue_locked()
1681  *
1682  * Add a process whos rqtype and rqindex had previously been calculated
1683  * onto the appropriate run queue.   Determine if the addition requires
1684  * a reschedule on a cpu and return the cpuid or -1.
1685  *
1686  * NOTE: Lower priorities are better priorities.
1687  *
1688  * MPSAFE - bsd4_spin must be held exclusively on call
1689  */
1690 static void
1691 bsd4_setrunqueue_locked(struct lwp *lp)
1692 {
1693 	struct rq *q;
1694 	u_int32_t *which;
1695 	int pri;
1696 
1697 	KKASSERT((lp->lwp_mpflags & LWP_MP_ONRUNQ) == 0);
1698 	atomic_set_int(&lp->lwp_mpflags, LWP_MP_ONRUNQ);
1699 	++bsd4_runqcount;
1700 
1701 	pri = lp->lwp_rqindex;
1702 
1703 	switch(lp->lwp_rqtype) {
1704 	case RTP_PRIO_NORMAL:
1705 		q = &bsd4_queues[pri];
1706 		which = &bsd4_queuebits;
1707 		break;
1708 	case RTP_PRIO_REALTIME:
1709 	case RTP_PRIO_FIFO:
1710 		q = &bsd4_rtqueues[pri];
1711 		which = &bsd4_rtqueuebits;
1712 		break;
1713 	case RTP_PRIO_IDLE:
1714 		q = &bsd4_idqueues[pri];
1715 		which = &bsd4_idqueuebits;
1716 		break;
1717 	default:
1718 		panic("remrunqueue: invalid rtprio type");
1719 		/* NOT REACHED */
1720 	}
1721 
1722 	/*
1723 	 * Add to the correct queue and set the appropriate bit.  If no
1724 	 * lower priority (i.e. better) processes are in the queue then
1725 	 * we want a reschedule, calculate the best cpu for the job.
1726 	 *
1727 	 * Always run reschedules on the LWPs original cpu.
1728 	 */
1729 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(q, lp, lwp_procq);
1730 	*which |= 1 << pri;
1731 }
1732 
1733 /*
1734  * For SMP systems a user scheduler helper thread is created for each
1735  * cpu and is used to allow one cpu to wakeup another for the purposes of
1736  * scheduling userland threads from setrunqueue().
1737  *
1738  * UP systems do not need the helper since there is only one cpu.
1739  *
1740  * We can't use the idle thread for this because we might block.
1741  * Additionally, doing things this way allows us to HLT idle cpus
1742  * on MP systems.
1743  *
1744  * MPSAFE
1745  */
1746 static void
1747 sched_thread(void *dummy)
1748 {
1749     globaldata_t gd;
1750     bsd4_pcpu_t  dd;
1751     bsd4_pcpu_t  tmpdd;
1752     struct lwp *nlp;
1753     cpumask_t mask;
1754     int cpuid;
1755     cpumask_t tmpmask;
1756     int tmpid;
1757 
1758     gd = mycpu;
1759     cpuid = gd->gd_cpuid;	/* doesn't change */
1760     mask = gd->gd_cpumask;	/* doesn't change */
1761     dd = &bsd4_pcpu[cpuid];
1762 
1763     /*
1764      * Since we are woken up only when no user processes are scheduled
1765      * on a cpu, we can run at an ultra low priority.
1766      */
1767     lwkt_setpri_self(TDPRI_USER_SCHEDULER);
1768 
1769     tsleep(dd->helper_thread, 0, "sched_thread_sleep", 0);
1770 
1771     for (;;) {
1772 	/*
1773 	 * We use the LWKT deschedule-interlock trick to avoid racing
1774 	 * bsd4_rdyprocmask.  This means we cannot block through to the
1775 	 * manual lwkt_switch() call we make below.
1776 	 */
1777 	crit_enter_gd(gd);
1778 	tsleep_interlock(dd->helper_thread, 0);
1779 	spin_lock(&bsd4_spin);
1780 	ATOMIC_CPUMASK_ORMASK(bsd4_rdyprocmask, mask);
1781 
1782 	clear_user_resched();	/* This satisfied the reschedule request */
1783 	dd->rrcount = 0;	/* Reset the round-robin counter */
1784 
1785 	if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(bsd4_curprocmask, mask) == 0) {
1786 		/*
1787 		 * No thread is currently scheduled.
1788 		 */
1789 		KKASSERT(dd->uschedcp == NULL);
1790 		if ((nlp = bsd4_chooseproc_locked(NULL)) != NULL) {
1791 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_sched_thread_no_process,
1792 			    nlp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
1793 			    gd->gd_cpuid,
1794 			    nlp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
1795 			    nlp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid);
1796 
1797 			ATOMIC_CPUMASK_ORMASK(bsd4_curprocmask, mask);
1798 			dd->upri = nlp->lwp_priority;
1799 			dd->uschedcp = nlp;
1800 			dd->rrcount = 0;	/* reset round robin */
1801 			spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1802 			lwkt_acquire(nlp->lwp_thread);
1803 			lwkt_schedule(nlp->lwp_thread);
1804 		} else {
1805 			spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1806 		}
1807 	} else if (bsd4_runqcount) {
1808 		if ((nlp = bsd4_chooseproc_locked(dd->uschedcp)) != NULL) {
1809 			KTR_COND_LOG(usched_sched_thread_process,
1810 			    nlp->lwp_proc->p_pid == usched_bsd4_pid_debug,
1811 			    gd->gd_cpuid,
1812 			    nlp->lwp_proc->p_pid,
1813 			    nlp->lwp_thread->td_gd->gd_cpuid);
1814 
1815 			dd->upri = nlp->lwp_priority;
1816 			dd->uschedcp = nlp;
1817 			dd->rrcount = 0;	/* reset round robin */
1818 			spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1819 			lwkt_acquire(nlp->lwp_thread);
1820 			lwkt_schedule(nlp->lwp_thread);
1821 		} else {
1822 			/*
1823 			 * CHAINING CONDITION TRAIN
1824 			 *
1825 			 * We could not deal with the scheduler wakeup
1826 			 * request on this cpu, locate a ready scheduler
1827 			 * with no current lp assignment and chain to it.
1828 			 *
1829 			 * This ensures that a wakeup race which fails due
1830 			 * to priority test does not leave other unscheduled
1831 			 * cpus idle when the runqueue is not empty.
1832 			 */
1833 			tmpmask = bsd4_rdyprocmask;
1834 			CPUMASK_NANDMASK(tmpmask, bsd4_curprocmask);
1835 			CPUMASK_ANDMASK(tmpmask, smp_active_mask);
1836 			if (CPUMASK_TESTNZERO(tmpmask)) {
1837 				tmpid = BSFCPUMASK(tmpmask);
1838 				tmpdd = &bsd4_pcpu[tmpid];
1839 				ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDBIT(bsd4_rdyprocmask, tmpid);
1840 				spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1841 				wakeup(tmpdd->helper_thread);
1842 			} else {
1843 				spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1844 			}
1845 
1846 			KTR_LOG(usched_sched_thread_no_process_found,
1847 				gd->gd_cpuid, (unsigned long)CPUMASK_LOWMASK(tmpmask));
1848 		}
1849 	} else {
1850 		/*
1851 		 * The runq is empty.
1852 		 */
1853 		spin_unlock(&bsd4_spin);
1854 	}
1855 
1856 	/*
1857 	 * We're descheduled unless someone scheduled us.  Switch away.
1858 	 * Exiting the critical section will cause splz() to be called
1859 	 * for us if interrupts and such are pending.
1860 	 */
1861 	crit_exit_gd(gd);
1862 	tsleep(dd->helper_thread, PINTERLOCKED, "schslp", 0);
1863     }
1864 }
1865 
1866 /* sysctl stick_to_level parameter */
1867 static int
1868 sysctl_usched_bsd4_stick_to_level(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1869 {
1870 	int error, new_val;
1871 
1872 	new_val = usched_bsd4_stick_to_level;
1873 
1874 	error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &new_val, 0, req);
1875         if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
1876 		return (error);
1877 	if (new_val > cpu_topology_levels_number - 1 || new_val < 0)
1878 		return (EINVAL);
1879 	usched_bsd4_stick_to_level = new_val;
1880 	return (0);
1881 }
1882 
1883 /*
1884  * Setup our scheduler helpers.  Note that curprocmask bit 0 has already
1885  * been cleared by rqinit() and we should not mess with it further.
1886  */
1887 static void
1888 sched_thread_cpu_init(void)
1889 {
1890 	int i;
1891 	int smt_not_supported = 0;
1892 	int cache_coherent_not_supported = 0;
1893 
1894 	if (bootverbose)
1895 		kprintf("Start usched_bsd4 helpers on cpus:\n");
1896 
1897 	sysctl_ctx_init(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx);
1898 	usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree =
1899 		SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
1900 				SYSCTL_STATIC_CHILDREN(_kern), OID_AUTO,
1901 				"usched_bsd4", CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "");
1902 
1903 	for (i = 0; i < ncpus; ++i) {
1904 		bsd4_pcpu_t dd = &bsd4_pcpu[i];
1905 		cpumask_t mask;
1906 
1907 		CPUMASK_ASSBIT(mask, i);
1908 
1909 		if (CPUMASK_TESTMASK(mask, smp_active_mask) == 0)
1910 		    continue;
1911 
1912 		dd->cpunode = get_cpu_node_by_cpuid(i);
1913 
1914 		if (dd->cpunode == NULL) {
1915 			smt_not_supported = 1;
1916 			cache_coherent_not_supported = 1;
1917 			if (bootverbose)
1918 				kprintf ("    cpu%d - WARNING: No CPU NODE "
1919 					 "found for cpu\n", i);
1920 		} else {
1921 			switch (dd->cpunode->type) {
1922 			case THREAD_LEVEL:
1923 				if (bootverbose)
1924 					kprintf ("    cpu%d - HyperThreading "
1925 						 "available. Core siblings: ",
1926 						 i);
1927 				break;
1928 			case CORE_LEVEL:
1929 				smt_not_supported = 1;
1930 
1931 				if (bootverbose)
1932 					kprintf ("    cpu%d - No HT available, "
1933 						 "multi-core/physical "
1934 						 "cpu. Physical siblings: ",
1935 						 i);
1936 				break;
1937 			case CHIP_LEVEL:
1938 				smt_not_supported = 1;
1939 
1940 				if (bootverbose)
1941 					kprintf ("    cpu%d - No HT available, "
1942 						 "single-core/physical cpu. "
1943 						 "Package Siblings: ",
1944 						 i);
1945 				break;
1946 			default:
1947 				/* Let's go for safe defaults here */
1948 				smt_not_supported = 1;
1949 				cache_coherent_not_supported = 1;
1950 				if (bootverbose)
1951 					kprintf ("    cpu%d - Unknown cpunode->"
1952 						 "type=%u. Siblings: ",
1953 						 i,
1954 						 (u_int)dd->cpunode->type);
1955 				break;
1956 			}
1957 
1958 			if (bootverbose) {
1959 				if (dd->cpunode->parent_node != NULL) {
1960 					kprint_cpuset(&dd->cpunode->
1961 						      parent_node->members);
1962 					kprintf("\n");
1963 				} else {
1964 					kprintf(" no siblings\n");
1965 				}
1966 			}
1967 		}
1968 
1969 		lwkt_create(sched_thread, NULL, &dd->helper_thread, NULL,
1970 			    0, i, "usched %d", i);
1971 
1972 		/*
1973 		 * Allow user scheduling on the target cpu.  cpu #0 has already
1974 		 * been enabled in rqinit().
1975 		 */
1976 		if (i)
1977 			ATOMIC_CPUMASK_NANDMASK(bsd4_curprocmask, mask);
1978 		ATOMIC_CPUMASK_ORMASK(bsd4_rdyprocmask, mask);
1979 		dd->upri = PRIBASE_NULL;
1980 
1981 	}
1982 
1983 	/* usched_bsd4 sysctl configurable parameters */
1984 
1985 	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
1986 		       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
1987 		       OID_AUTO, "rrinterval", CTLFLAG_RW,
1988 		       &usched_bsd4_rrinterval, 0, "");
1989 	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
1990 		       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
1991 		       OID_AUTO, "decay", CTLFLAG_RW,
1992 		       &usched_bsd4_decay, 0, "Extra decay when not running");
1993 	SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
1994 		       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
1995 		       OID_AUTO, "batch_time", CTLFLAG_RW,
1996 		       &usched_bsd4_batch_time, 0, "Min batch counter value");
1997 	SYSCTL_ADD_LONG(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
1998 		       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
1999 		       OID_AUTO, "kicks", CTLFLAG_RW,
2000 		       &usched_bsd4_kicks, "Number of kickstarts");
2001 
2002 	/* Add enable/disable option for SMT scheduling if supported */
2003 	if (smt_not_supported) {
2004 		usched_bsd4_smt = 0;
2005 		SYSCTL_ADD_STRING(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2006 				  SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2007 				  OID_AUTO, "smt", CTLFLAG_RD,
2008 				  "NOT SUPPORTED", 0, "SMT NOT SUPPORTED");
2009 	} else {
2010 		usched_bsd4_smt = 1;
2011 		SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2012 			       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2013 			       OID_AUTO, "smt", CTLFLAG_RW,
2014 			       &usched_bsd4_smt, 0, "Enable SMT scheduling");
2015 	}
2016 
2017 	/*
2018 	 * Add enable/disable option for cache coherent scheduling
2019 	 * if supported
2020 	 */
2021 	if (cache_coherent_not_supported) {
2022 		usched_bsd4_cache_coherent = 0;
2023 		SYSCTL_ADD_STRING(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2024 				  SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2025 				  OID_AUTO, "cache_coherent", CTLFLAG_RD,
2026 				  "NOT SUPPORTED", 0,
2027 				  "Cache coherence NOT SUPPORTED");
2028 	} else {
2029 		usched_bsd4_cache_coherent = 1;
2030 		SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2031 			       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2032 			       OID_AUTO, "cache_coherent", CTLFLAG_RW,
2033 			       &usched_bsd4_cache_coherent, 0,
2034 			       "Enable/Disable cache coherent scheduling");
2035 
2036 		SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2037 			       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2038 			       OID_AUTO, "upri_affinity", CTLFLAG_RW,
2039 			       &usched_bsd4_upri_affinity, 1,
2040 			       "Number of PPQs in user priority check");
2041 
2042 		SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2043 			       SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2044 			       OID_AUTO, "queue_checks", CTLFLAG_RW,
2045 			       &usched_bsd4_queue_checks, 5,
2046 			       "LWPs to check from a queue before giving up");
2047 
2048 		SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&usched_bsd4_sysctl_ctx,
2049 				SYSCTL_CHILDREN(usched_bsd4_sysctl_tree),
2050 				OID_AUTO, "stick_to_level",
2051 				CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW,
2052 				NULL, sizeof usched_bsd4_stick_to_level,
2053 				sysctl_usched_bsd4_stick_to_level, "I",
2054 				"Stick a process to this level. See sysctl"
2055 				"paremter hw.cpu_topology.level_description");
2056 	}
2057 }
2058 SYSINIT(uschedtd, SI_BOOT2_USCHED, SI_ORDER_SECOND,
2059 	sched_thread_cpu_init, NULL);
2060