xref: /dragonfly/sys/kern/vfs_nlookup.c (revision 77b0c609)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2004 The DragonFly Project.  All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
5  * by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  *
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
15  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
16  *    distribution.
17  * 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
18  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
19  *    from this software without specific, prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
22  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
23  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
24  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
25  * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
27  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
28  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
29  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
31  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 /*
35  * nlookup() is the 'new' namei interface.  Rather then return directory and
36  * leaf vnodes (in various lock states) the new interface instead deals in
37  * namecache records.  Namecache records may represent both a positive or
38  * a negative hit.  The namespace is locked via the namecache record instead
39  * of via the vnode, and only the leaf namecache record (representing the
40  * filename) needs to be locked.
41  *
42  * This greatly improves filesystem parallelism and is a huge simplification
43  * of the API verses the old vnode locking / namei scheme.
44  *
45  * Filesystems must actively control the caching aspects of the namecache,
46  * and since namecache pointers are used as handles they are non-optional
47  * even for filesystems which do not generally wish to cache things.  It is
48  * intended that a separate cache coherency API will be constructed to handle
49  * these issues.
50  */
51 
52 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
53 
54 #include <sys/param.h>
55 #include <sys/systm.h>
56 #include <sys/kernel.h>
57 #include <sys/vnode.h>
58 #include <sys/mount.h>
59 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
60 #include <sys/proc.h>
61 #include <sys/namei.h>
62 #include <sys/nlookup.h>
63 #include <sys/malloc.h>
64 #include <sys/stat.h>
65 #include <sys/objcache.h>
66 #include <sys/file.h>
67 
68 #ifdef KTRACE
69 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
70 #endif
71 
72 static int naccess(struct nchandle *nch, int vmode, struct ucred *cred,
73 		int *stickyp);
74 
75 /*
76  * Initialize a nlookup() structure, early error return for copyin faults
77  * or a degenerate empty string (which is not allowed).
78  *
79  * The first process proc0's credentials are used if the calling thread
80  * is not associated with a process context.
81  *
82  * MPSAFE
83  */
84 int
85 nlookup_init(struct nlookupdata *nd,
86 	     const char *path, enum uio_seg seg, int flags)
87 {
88     size_t pathlen;
89     struct proc *p;
90     thread_t td;
91     int error;
92 
93     td = curthread;
94     p = td->td_proc;
95 
96     /*
97      * note: the pathlen set by copy*str() includes the terminating \0.
98      */
99     bzero(nd, sizeof(struct nlookupdata));
100     nd->nl_path = objcache_get(namei_oc, M_WAITOK);
101     nd->nl_flags |= NLC_HASBUF;
102     if (seg == UIO_SYSSPACE)
103 	error = copystr(path, nd->nl_path, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen);
104     else
105 	error = copyinstr(path, nd->nl_path, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen);
106 
107     /*
108      * Don't allow empty pathnames.
109      * POSIX.1 requirement: "" is not a vaild file name.
110      */
111     if (error == 0 && pathlen <= 1)
112 	error = ENOENT;
113 
114     if (error == 0) {
115 	if (p && p->p_fd) {
116 	    cache_copy(&p->p_fd->fd_ncdir, &nd->nl_nch);
117 	    cache_copy(&p->p_fd->fd_nrdir, &nd->nl_rootnch);
118 	    if (p->p_fd->fd_njdir.ncp)
119 		cache_copy(&p->p_fd->fd_njdir, &nd->nl_jailnch);
120 	    nd->nl_cred = crhold(p->p_ucred);
121 	} else {
122 	    cache_copy(&rootnch, &nd->nl_nch);
123 	    cache_copy(&nd->nl_nch, &nd->nl_rootnch);
124 	    cache_copy(&nd->nl_nch, &nd->nl_jailnch);
125 	    nd->nl_cred = crhold(proc0.p_ucred);
126 	}
127 	nd->nl_td = td;
128 	nd->nl_flags |= flags;
129     } else {
130 	nlookup_done(nd);
131     }
132     return(error);
133 }
134 
135 
136 /*
137  * nlookup_init() for "at" family of syscalls.
138  *
139  * Works similarly to nlookup_init() but if path is relative and fd is not
140  * AT_FDCWD, path is interpreted relative to the directory pointed to by fd.
141  * In this case, the file entry pointed to by fd is ref'ed and returned in
142  * *fpp.
143  *
144  * If the call succeeds, nlookup_done_at() must be called to clean-up the nd
145  * and release the ref to the file entry.
146  */
147 int
148 nlookup_init_at(struct nlookupdata *nd, struct file **fpp, int fd,
149 		const char *path, enum uio_seg seg, int flags)
150 {
151 	struct thread *td = curthread;
152 	struct proc *p = td->td_proc;
153 	struct file* fp;
154 	struct vnode *vp;
155 	int error;
156 
157 	*fpp = NULL;
158 
159 	if  ((error = nlookup_init(nd, path, seg, flags)) != 0) {
160 		return (error);
161 	}
162 
163 	if (nd->nl_path[0] != '/' && fd != AT_FDCWD) {
164 		if ((error = holdvnode(p->p_fd, fd, &fp)) != 0)
165 			goto done;
166 		vp = (struct vnode*)fp->f_data;
167 		if (vp->v_type != VDIR || fp->f_nchandle.ncp == NULL) {
168 			fdrop(fp);
169 			fp = NULL;
170 			error = ENOTDIR;
171 			goto done;
172 		}
173 		cache_drop(&nd->nl_nch);
174 		cache_copy(&fp->f_nchandle, &nd->nl_nch);
175 		*fpp = fp;
176 	}
177 
178 
179 done:
180 	if (error)
181 		nlookup_done(nd);
182 	return (error);
183 
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * This works similarly to nlookup_init() but does not assume a process
188  * context.  rootnch is always chosen for the root directory and the cred
189  * and starting directory are supplied in arguments.
190  */
191 int
192 nlookup_init_raw(struct nlookupdata *nd,
193 	     const char *path, enum uio_seg seg, int flags,
194 	     struct ucred *cred, struct nchandle *ncstart)
195 {
196     size_t pathlen;
197     thread_t td;
198     int error;
199 
200     td = curthread;
201 
202     bzero(nd, sizeof(struct nlookupdata));
203     nd->nl_path = objcache_get(namei_oc, M_WAITOK);
204     nd->nl_flags |= NLC_HASBUF;
205     if (seg == UIO_SYSSPACE)
206 	error = copystr(path, nd->nl_path, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen);
207     else
208 	error = copyinstr(path, nd->nl_path, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen);
209 
210     /*
211      * Don't allow empty pathnames.
212      * POSIX.1 requirement: "" is not a vaild file name.
213      */
214     if (error == 0 && pathlen <= 1)
215 	error = ENOENT;
216 
217     if (error == 0) {
218 	cache_copy(ncstart, &nd->nl_nch);
219 	cache_copy(&rootnch, &nd->nl_rootnch);
220 	cache_copy(&rootnch, &nd->nl_jailnch);
221 	nd->nl_cred = crhold(cred);
222 	nd->nl_td = td;
223 	nd->nl_flags |= flags;
224     } else {
225 	nlookup_done(nd);
226     }
227     return(error);
228 }
229 
230 /*
231  * This works similarly to nlookup_init_raw() but does not rely
232  * on rootnch being initialized yet.
233  */
234 int
235 nlookup_init_root(struct nlookupdata *nd,
236 	     const char *path, enum uio_seg seg, int flags,
237 	     struct ucred *cred, struct nchandle *ncstart,
238 	     struct nchandle *ncroot)
239 {
240     size_t pathlen;
241     thread_t td;
242     int error;
243 
244     td = curthread;
245 
246     bzero(nd, sizeof(struct nlookupdata));
247     nd->nl_path = objcache_get(namei_oc, M_WAITOK);
248     nd->nl_flags |= NLC_HASBUF;
249     if (seg == UIO_SYSSPACE)
250 	error = copystr(path, nd->nl_path, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen);
251     else
252 	error = copyinstr(path, nd->nl_path, MAXPATHLEN, &pathlen);
253 
254     /*
255      * Don't allow empty pathnames.
256      * POSIX.1 requirement: "" is not a vaild file name.
257      */
258     if (error == 0 && pathlen <= 1)
259 	error = ENOENT;
260 
261     if (error == 0) {
262 	cache_copy(ncstart, &nd->nl_nch);
263 	cache_copy(ncroot, &nd->nl_rootnch);
264 	cache_copy(ncroot, &nd->nl_jailnch);
265 	nd->nl_cred = crhold(cred);
266 	nd->nl_td = td;
267 	nd->nl_flags |= flags;
268     } else {
269 	nlookup_done(nd);
270     }
271     return(error);
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * Set a different credential; this credential will be used by future
276  * operations performed on nd.nl_open_vp and nlookupdata structure.
277  */
278 void
279 nlookup_set_cred(struct nlookupdata *nd, struct ucred *cred)
280 {
281 	KKASSERT(nd->nl_cred != NULL);
282 
283 	if (nd->nl_cred != cred) {
284 		cred = crhold(cred);
285 		crfree(nd->nl_cred);
286 		nd->nl_cred = cred;
287 	}
288 }
289 
290 /*
291  * Cleanup a nlookupdata structure after we are through with it.  This may
292  * be called on any nlookupdata structure initialized with nlookup_init().
293  * Calling nlookup_done() is mandatory in all cases except where nlookup_init()
294  * returns an error, even if as a consumer you believe you have taken all
295  * dynamic elements out of the nlookupdata structure.
296  */
297 void
298 nlookup_done(struct nlookupdata *nd)
299 {
300     if (nd->nl_nch.ncp) {
301 	if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_NCPISLOCKED) {
302 	    nd->nl_flags &= ~NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
303 	    cache_unlock(&nd->nl_nch);
304 	}
305 	cache_drop(&nd->nl_nch);	/* NULL's out the nch */
306     }
307     if (nd->nl_rootnch.ncp)
308 	cache_drop(&nd->nl_rootnch);
309     if (nd->nl_jailnch.ncp)
310 	cache_drop(&nd->nl_jailnch);
311     if ((nd->nl_flags & NLC_HASBUF) && nd->nl_path) {
312 	objcache_put(namei_oc, nd->nl_path);
313 	nd->nl_path = NULL;
314     }
315     if (nd->nl_cred) {
316 	crfree(nd->nl_cred);
317 	nd->nl_cred = NULL;
318     }
319     if (nd->nl_open_vp) {
320 	if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_LOCKVP) {
321 		vn_unlock(nd->nl_open_vp);
322 		nd->nl_flags &= ~NLC_LOCKVP;
323 	}
324 	vn_close(nd->nl_open_vp, nd->nl_vp_fmode);
325 	nd->nl_open_vp = NULL;
326     }
327     if (nd->nl_dvp) {
328 	vrele(nd->nl_dvp);
329 	nd->nl_dvp = NULL;
330     }
331     nd->nl_flags = 0;	/* clear remaining flags (just clear everything) */
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Works similarly to nlookup_done() when nd initialized with
336  * nlookup_init_at().
337  */
338 void
339 nlookup_done_at(struct nlookupdata *nd, struct file *fp)
340 {
341 	nlookup_done(nd);
342 	if (fp != NULL)
343 		fdrop(fp);
344 }
345 
346 void
347 nlookup_zero(struct nlookupdata *nd)
348 {
349 	bzero(nd, sizeof(struct nlookupdata));
350 }
351 
352 /*
353  * Simple all-in-one nlookup.  Returns a locked namecache structure or NULL
354  * if an error occured.
355  *
356  * Note that the returned ncp is not checked for permissions, though VEXEC
357  * is checked on the directory path leading up to the result.  The caller
358  * must call naccess() to check the permissions of the returned leaf.
359  */
360 struct nchandle
361 nlookup_simple(const char *str, enum uio_seg seg,
362 	       int niflags, int *error)
363 {
364     struct nlookupdata nd;
365     struct nchandle nch;
366 
367     *error = nlookup_init(&nd, str, seg, niflags);
368     if (*error == 0) {
369 	    if ((*error = nlookup(&nd)) == 0) {
370 		    nch = nd.nl_nch;	/* keep hold ref from structure */
371 		    cache_zero(&nd.nl_nch); /* and NULL out */
372 	    } else {
373 		    cache_zero(&nch);
374 	    }
375 	    nlookup_done(&nd);
376     } else {
377 	    cache_zero(&nch);
378     }
379     return(nch);
380 }
381 
382 /*
383  * Do a generic nlookup.  Note that the passed nd is not nlookup_done()'d
384  * on return, even if an error occurs.  If no error occurs the returned
385  * nl_nch is always referenced and locked, otherwise it may or may not be.
386  *
387  * Intermediate directory elements, including the current directory, require
388  * execute (search) permission.  nlookup does not examine the access
389  * permissions on the returned element.
390  *
391  * If NLC_CREATE is set the last directory must allow node creation,
392  * and an error code of 0 will be returned for a non-existant
393  * target (not ENOENT).
394  *
395  * If NLC_RENAME_DST is set the last directory mut allow node deletion,
396  * plus the sticky check is made, and an error code of 0 will be returned
397  * for a non-existant target (not ENOENT).
398  *
399  * If NLC_DELETE is set the last directory mut allow node deletion,
400  * plus the sticky check is made.
401  *
402  * If NLC_REFDVP is set nd->nl_dvp will be set to the directory vnode
403  * of the returned entry.  The vnode will be referenced, but not locked,
404  * and will be released by nlookup_done() along with everything else.
405  */
406 int
407 nlookup(struct nlookupdata *nd)
408 {
409     globaldata_t gd = mycpu;
410     struct nlcomponent nlc;
411     struct nchandle nch;
412     struct nchandle par;
413     struct nchandle nctmp;
414     struct mount *mp;
415     int wasdotordotdot;
416     char *ptr;
417     char *xptr;
418     int error;
419     int len;
420     int dflags;
421     int hit = 1;
422 
423 #ifdef KTRACE
424     if (KTRPOINT(nd->nl_td, KTR_NAMEI))
425 	ktrnamei(nd->nl_td->td_lwp, nd->nl_path);
426 #endif
427     bzero(&nlc, sizeof(nlc));
428 
429     /*
430      * Setup for the loop.  The current working namecache element is
431      * always at least referenced.  We lock it as required, but always
432      * return a locked, resolved namecache entry.
433      */
434     nd->nl_loopcnt = 0;
435     if (nd->nl_dvp) {
436 	vrele(nd->nl_dvp);
437 	nd->nl_dvp = NULL;
438     }
439     ptr = nd->nl_path;
440 
441     /*
442      * Loop on the path components.  At the top of the loop nd->nl_nch
443      * is ref'd and unlocked and represents our current position.
444      */
445     for (;;) {
446 	/*
447 	 * Make sure nl_nch is locked so we can access the vnode, resolution
448 	 * state, etc.
449 	 */
450 	if ((nd->nl_flags & NLC_NCPISLOCKED) == 0) {
451 		nd->nl_flags |= NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
452 		cache_lock(&nd->nl_nch);
453 	}
454 
455 	/*
456 	 * Check if the root directory should replace the current
457 	 * directory.  This is done at the start of a translation
458 	 * or after a symbolic link has been found.  In other cases
459 	 * ptr will never be pointing at a '/'.
460 	 */
461 	if (*ptr == '/') {
462 	    do {
463 		++ptr;
464 	    } while (*ptr == '/');
465 	    cache_get(&nd->nl_rootnch, &nch);
466 	    cache_put(&nd->nl_nch);
467 	    nd->nl_nch = nch;		/* remains locked */
468 
469 	    /*
470 	     * Fast-track termination.  There is no parent directory of
471 	     * the root in the same mount from the point of view of
472 	     * the caller so return EACCES if NLC_REFDVP is specified,
473 	     * and EEXIST if NLC_CREATE is also specified.
474 	     * e.g. 'rmdir /' or 'mkdir /' are not allowed.
475 	     */
476 	    if (*ptr == 0) {
477 		if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_REFDVP)
478 			error = (nd->nl_flags & NLC_CREATE) ? EEXIST : EACCES;
479 		else
480 			error = 0;
481 		break;
482 	    }
483 	    continue;
484 	}
485 
486 	/*
487 	 * Check directory search permissions.
488 	 */
489 	dflags = 0;
490 	error = naccess(&nd->nl_nch, NLC_EXEC, nd->nl_cred, &dflags);
491 	if (error)
492 	    break;
493 
494 	/*
495 	 * Extract the path component.  Path components are limited to
496 	 * 255 characters.
497 	 */
498 	nlc.nlc_nameptr = ptr;
499 	while (*ptr && *ptr != '/')
500 	    ++ptr;
501 	nlc.nlc_namelen = ptr - nlc.nlc_nameptr;
502 	if (nlc.nlc_namelen >= 256) {
503 	    error = ENAMETOOLONG;
504 	    break;
505 	}
506 
507 	/*
508 	 * Lookup the path component in the cache, creating an unresolved
509 	 * entry if necessary.  We have to handle "." and ".." as special
510 	 * cases.
511 	 *
512 	 * When handling ".." we have to detect a traversal back through a
513 	 * mount point.   If we are at the root, ".." just returns the root.
514 	 *
515 	 * When handling "." or ".." we also have to recalculate dflags
516 	 * since our dflags will be for some sub-directory instead of the
517 	 * parent dir.
518 	 *
519 	 * This subsection returns a locked, refd 'nch' unless it errors out.
520 	 * The namecache topology is not allowed to be disconnected, so
521 	 * encountering a NULL parent will generate EINVAL.  This typically
522 	 * occurs when a directory is removed out from under a process.
523 	 */
524 	if (nlc.nlc_namelen == 1 && nlc.nlc_nameptr[0] == '.') {
525 	    cache_get(&nd->nl_nch, &nch);
526 	    wasdotordotdot = 1;
527 	} else if (nlc.nlc_namelen == 2 &&
528 		   nlc.nlc_nameptr[0] == '.' && nlc.nlc_nameptr[1] == '.') {
529 	    if (nd->nl_nch.mount == nd->nl_rootnch.mount &&
530 		nd->nl_nch.ncp == nd->nl_rootnch.ncp
531 	    ) {
532 		/*
533 		 * ".." at the root returns the root
534 		 */
535 		cache_get(&nd->nl_nch, &nch);
536 	    } else {
537 		/*
538 		 * Locate the parent ncp.  If we are at the root of a
539 		 * filesystem mount we have to skip to the mounted-on
540 		 * point in the underlying filesystem.
541 		 *
542 		 * Expect the parent to always be good since the
543 		 * mountpoint doesn't go away.  XXX hack.  cache_get()
544 		 * requires the ncp to already have a ref as a safety.
545 		 */
546 		nctmp = nd->nl_nch;
547 		while (nctmp.ncp == nctmp.mount->mnt_ncmountpt.ncp)
548 			nctmp = nctmp.mount->mnt_ncmounton;
549 		nctmp.ncp = nctmp.ncp->nc_parent;
550 		KKASSERT(nctmp.ncp != NULL);
551 		cache_hold(&nctmp);
552 		cache_get(&nctmp, &nch);
553 		cache_drop(&nctmp);		/* NOTE: zero's nctmp */
554 	    }
555 	    wasdotordotdot = 2;
556 	} else {
557 	    /*
558 	     * Must unlock nl_nch when traversing down the path.
559 	     *
560 	     * If we race an unlink or rename the ncp might be marked
561 	     * DESTROYED after resolution, requiring a retry.
562 	     */
563 	    cache_unlock(&nd->nl_nch);
564 	    nd->nl_flags &= ~NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
565 	    nch = cache_nlookup(&nd->nl_nch, &nlc);
566 	    if (nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_UNRESOLVED)
567 		hit = 0;
568 	    while ((error = cache_resolve(&nch, nd->nl_cred)) == EAGAIN ||
569 		(nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_DESTROYED)) {
570 		kprintf("[diagnostic] nlookup: relookup %*.*s\n",
571 			nch.ncp->nc_nlen, nch.ncp->nc_nlen, nch.ncp->nc_name);
572 		cache_put(&nch);
573 		nch = cache_nlookup(&nd->nl_nch, &nlc);
574 	    }
575 	    wasdotordotdot = 0;
576 	}
577 
578 	/*
579 	 * If the last component was "." or ".." our dflags no longer
580 	 * represents the parent directory and we have to explicitly
581 	 * look it up.
582 	 *
583 	 * Expect the parent to be good since nch is locked.
584 	 */
585 	if (wasdotordotdot && error == 0) {
586 	    dflags = 0;
587 	    if ((par.ncp = nch.ncp->nc_parent) != NULL) {
588 		par.mount = nch.mount;
589 		cache_hold(&par);
590 		cache_lock(&par);
591 		error = naccess(&par, 0, nd->nl_cred, &dflags);
592 		cache_put(&par);
593 	    }
594 	}
595 	if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_NCPISLOCKED) {
596 	    cache_unlock(&nd->nl_nch);
597 	    nd->nl_flags &= ~NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
598 	}
599 
600 	/*
601 	 * [end of subsection]
602 	 *
603 	 * nch is locked and referenced.
604 	 * nd->nl_nch is unlocked and referenced.
605 	 *
606 	 * nl_nch must be unlocked or we could chain lock to the root
607 	 * if a resolve gets stuck (e.g. in NFS).
608 	 */
609 
610 	/*
611 	 * Resolve the namespace if necessary.  The ncp returned by
612 	 * cache_nlookup() is referenced and locked.
613 	 *
614 	 * XXX neither '.' nor '..' should return EAGAIN since they were
615 	 * previously resolved and thus cannot be newly created ncp's.
616 	 */
617 	if (nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_UNRESOLVED) {
618 	    hit = 0;
619 	    error = cache_resolve(&nch, nd->nl_cred);
620 	    KKASSERT(error != EAGAIN);
621 	} else {
622 	    error = nch.ncp->nc_error;
623 	}
624 
625 	/*
626 	 * Early completion.  ENOENT is not an error if this is the last
627 	 * component and NLC_CREATE or NLC_RENAME (rename target) was
628 	 * requested.  Note that ncp->nc_error is left as ENOENT in that
629 	 * case, which we check later on.
630 	 *
631 	 * Also handle invalid '.' or '..' components terminating a path
632 	 * for a create/rename/delete.  The standard requires this and pax
633 	 * pretty stupidly depends on it.
634 	 */
635 	for (xptr = ptr; *xptr == '/'; ++xptr)
636 		;
637 	if (*xptr == 0) {
638 	    if (error == ENOENT &&
639 		(nd->nl_flags & (NLC_CREATE | NLC_RENAME_DST))
640 	    ) {
641 		if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_NFS_RDONLY) {
642 			error = EROFS;
643 		} else {
644 			error = naccess(&nch, nd->nl_flags | dflags,
645 					nd->nl_cred, NULL);
646 		}
647 	    }
648 	    if (error == 0 && wasdotordotdot &&
649 		(nd->nl_flags & (NLC_CREATE | NLC_DELETE |
650 				 NLC_RENAME_SRC | NLC_RENAME_DST))) {
651 		/*
652 		 * POSIX junk
653 		 */
654 		if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_CREATE)
655 			error = EEXIST;
656 		else if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_DELETE)
657 			error = (wasdotordotdot == 1) ? EINVAL : ENOTEMPTY;
658 		else
659 			error = EINVAL;
660 	    }
661 	}
662 
663 	/*
664 	 * Early completion on error.
665 	 */
666 	if (error) {
667 	    cache_put(&nch);
668 	    break;
669 	}
670 
671 	/*
672 	 * If the element is a symlink and it is either not the last
673 	 * element or it is the last element and we are allowed to
674 	 * follow symlinks, resolve the symlink.
675 	 */
676 	if ((nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISSYMLINK) &&
677 	    (*ptr || (nd->nl_flags & NLC_FOLLOW))
678 	) {
679 	    if (nd->nl_loopcnt++ >= MAXSYMLINKS) {
680 		error = ELOOP;
681 		cache_put(&nch);
682 		break;
683 	    }
684 	    error = nreadsymlink(nd, &nch, &nlc);
685 	    cache_put(&nch);
686 	    if (error)
687 		break;
688 
689 	    /*
690 	     * Concatenate trailing path elements onto the returned symlink.
691 	     * Note that if the path component (ptr) is not exhausted, it
692 	     * will being with a '/', so we do not have to add another one.
693 	     *
694 	     * The symlink may not be empty.
695 	     */
696 	    len = strlen(ptr);
697 	    if (nlc.nlc_namelen == 0 || nlc.nlc_namelen + len >= MAXPATHLEN) {
698 		error = nlc.nlc_namelen ? ENAMETOOLONG : ENOENT;
699 		objcache_put(namei_oc, nlc.nlc_nameptr);
700 		break;
701 	    }
702 	    bcopy(ptr, nlc.nlc_nameptr + nlc.nlc_namelen, len + 1);
703 	    if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_HASBUF)
704 		objcache_put(namei_oc, nd->nl_path);
705 	    nd->nl_path = nlc.nlc_nameptr;
706 	    nd->nl_flags |= NLC_HASBUF;
707 	    ptr = nd->nl_path;
708 
709 	    /*
710 	     * Go back up to the top to resolve any initial '/'s in the
711 	     * symlink.
712 	     */
713 	    continue;
714 	}
715 
716 	/*
717 	 * If the element is a directory and we are crossing a mount point,
718 	 * Locate the mount.
719 	 */
720 	while ((nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISMOUNTPT) &&
721 	    (nd->nl_flags & NLC_NOCROSSMOUNT) == 0 &&
722 	    (mp = cache_findmount(&nch)) != NULL
723 	) {
724 	    struct vnode *tdp;
725 
726 	    cache_put(&nch);
727 	    cache_get(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, &nch);
728 
729 	    if (nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_UNRESOLVED) {
730 		while (vfs_busy(mp, 0))
731 		    ;
732 		error = VFS_ROOT(mp, &tdp);
733 		vfs_unbusy(mp);
734 		if (error) {
735 		    cache_dropmount(mp);
736 		    break;
737 		}
738 		cache_setvp(&nch, tdp);
739 		vput(tdp);
740 	    }
741 	    cache_dropmount(mp);
742 	}
743 	if (error) {
744 	    cache_put(&nch);
745 	    break;
746 	}
747 
748 	/*
749 	 * Skip any slashes to get to the next element.  If there
750 	 * are any slashes at all the current element must be a
751 	 * directory or, in the create case, intended to become a directory.
752 	 * If it isn't we break without incrementing ptr and fall through
753 	 * to the failure case below.
754 	 */
755 	while (*ptr == '/') {
756 	    if ((nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDIR) == 0 &&
757 		!(nd->nl_flags & NLC_WILLBEDIR)
758 	    ) {
759 		break;
760 	    }
761 	    ++ptr;
762 	}
763 
764 	/*
765 	 * Continuation case: additional elements and the current
766 	 * element is a directory.
767 	 */
768 	if (*ptr && (nch.ncp->nc_flag & NCF_ISDIR)) {
769 	    cache_drop(&nd->nl_nch);
770 	    cache_unlock(&nch);
771 	    KKASSERT((nd->nl_flags & NLC_NCPISLOCKED) == 0);
772 	    nd->nl_nch = nch;
773 	    continue;
774 	}
775 
776 	/*
777 	 * Failure case: additional elements and the current element
778 	 * is not a directory
779 	 */
780 	if (*ptr) {
781 	    cache_put(&nch);
782 	    error = ENOTDIR;
783 	    break;
784 	}
785 
786 	/*
787 	 * Successful lookup of last element.
788 	 *
789 	 * Check permissions if the target exists.  If the target does not
790 	 * exist directory permissions were already tested in the early
791 	 * completion code above.
792 	 *
793 	 * nd->nl_flags will be adjusted on return with NLC_APPENDONLY
794 	 * if the file is marked append-only, and NLC_STICKY if the directory
795 	 * containing the file is sticky.
796 	 */
797 	if (nch.ncp->nc_vp && (nd->nl_flags & NLC_ALLCHKS)) {
798 	    error = naccess(&nch, nd->nl_flags | dflags,
799 			    nd->nl_cred, NULL);
800 	    if (error) {
801 		cache_put(&nch);
802 		break;
803 	    }
804 	}
805 
806 	/*
807 	 * Termination: no more elements.
808 	 *
809 	 * If NLC_REFDVP is set acquire a referenced parent dvp.
810 	 */
811 	if (nd->nl_flags & NLC_REFDVP) {
812 		cache_lock(&nd->nl_nch);
813 		error = cache_vref(&nd->nl_nch, nd->nl_cred, &nd->nl_dvp);
814 		cache_unlock(&nd->nl_nch);
815 		if (error) {
816 			kprintf("NLC_REFDVP: Cannot ref dvp of %p\n", nch.ncp);
817 			cache_put(&nch);
818 			break;
819 		}
820 	}
821 	cache_drop(&nd->nl_nch);
822 	nd->nl_nch = nch;
823 	nd->nl_flags |= NLC_NCPISLOCKED;
824 	error = 0;
825 	break;
826     }
827 
828     if (hit)
829 	    ++gd->gd_nchstats->ncs_longhits;
830     else
831 	    ++gd->gd_nchstats->ncs_longmiss;
832 
833     /*
834      * NOTE: If NLC_CREATE was set the ncp may represent a negative hit
835      * (ncp->nc_error will be ENOENT), but we will still return an error
836      * code of 0.
837      */
838     return(error);
839 }
840 
841 /*
842  * Resolve a mount point's glue ncp.  This ncp connects creates the illusion
843  * of continuity in the namecache tree by connecting the ncp related to the
844  * vnode under the mount to the ncp related to the mount's root vnode.
845  *
846  * If no error occured a locked, ref'd ncp is stored in *ncpp.
847  */
848 int
849 nlookup_mp(struct mount *mp, struct nchandle *nch)
850 {
851     struct vnode *vp;
852     int error;
853 
854     error = 0;
855     cache_get(&mp->mnt_ncmountpt, nch);
856     if (nch->ncp->nc_flag & NCF_UNRESOLVED) {
857 	while (vfs_busy(mp, 0))
858 	    ;
859 	error = VFS_ROOT(mp, &vp);
860 	vfs_unbusy(mp);
861 	if (error) {
862 	    cache_put(nch);
863 	} else {
864 	    cache_setvp(nch, vp);
865 	    vput(vp);
866 	}
867     }
868     return(error);
869 }
870 
871 /*
872  * Read the contents of a symlink, allocate a path buffer out of the
873  * namei_oc and initialize the supplied nlcomponent with the result.
874  *
875  * If an error occurs no buffer will be allocated or returned in the nlc.
876  */
877 int
878 nreadsymlink(struct nlookupdata *nd, struct nchandle *nch,
879 		struct nlcomponent *nlc)
880 {
881     struct vnode *vp;
882     struct iovec aiov;
883     struct uio auio;
884     int linklen;
885     int error;
886     char *cp;
887 
888     nlc->nlc_nameptr = NULL;
889     nlc->nlc_namelen = 0;
890     if (nch->ncp->nc_vp == NULL)
891 	return(ENOENT);
892     if ((error = cache_vget(nch, nd->nl_cred, LK_SHARED, &vp)) != 0)
893 	return(error);
894     cp = objcache_get(namei_oc, M_WAITOK);
895     aiov.iov_base = cp;
896     aiov.iov_len = MAXPATHLEN;
897     auio.uio_iov = &aiov;
898     auio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
899     auio.uio_offset = 0;
900     auio.uio_rw = UIO_READ;
901     auio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE;
902     auio.uio_td = nd->nl_td;
903     auio.uio_resid = MAXPATHLEN - 1;
904     error = VOP_READLINK(vp, &auio, nd->nl_cred);
905     if (error)
906 	goto fail;
907     linklen = MAXPATHLEN - 1 - auio.uio_resid;
908     if (varsym_enable) {
909 	linklen = varsymreplace(cp, linklen, MAXPATHLEN - 1);
910 	if (linklen < 0) {
911 	    error = ENAMETOOLONG;
912 	    goto fail;
913 	}
914     }
915     cp[linklen] = 0;
916     nlc->nlc_nameptr = cp;
917     nlc->nlc_namelen = linklen;
918     vput(vp);
919     return(0);
920 fail:
921     objcache_put(namei_oc, cp);
922     vput(vp);
923     return(error);
924 }
925 
926 /*
927  * Check access [XXX cache vattr!] [XXX quota]
928  *
929  * Generally check the NLC_* access bits.   All specified bits must pass
930  * for this function to return 0.
931  *
932  * The file does not have to exist when checking NLC_CREATE or NLC_RENAME_DST
933  * access, otherwise it must exist.  No error is returned in this case.
934  *
935  * The file must not exist if NLC_EXCL is specified.
936  *
937  * Directory permissions in general are tested for NLC_CREATE if the file
938  * does not exist, NLC_DELETE if the file does exist, and NLC_RENAME_DST
939  * whether the file exists or not.
940  *
941  * The directory sticky bit is tested for NLC_DELETE and NLC_RENAME_DST,
942  * the latter is only tested if the target exists.
943  *
944  * The passed ncp must be referenced and locked.
945  */
946 static int
947 naccess(struct nchandle *nch, int nflags, struct ucred *cred, int *nflagsp)
948 {
949     struct vnode *vp;
950     struct vattr va;
951     struct namecache *ncp;
952     int error;
953     int cflags;
954 
955     ASSERT_NCH_LOCKED(nch);
956     ncp = nch->ncp;
957     if (ncp->nc_flag & NCF_UNRESOLVED) {
958 	cache_resolve(nch, cred);
959 	ncp = nch->ncp;
960     }
961     error = ncp->nc_error;
962 
963     /*
964      * Directory permissions checks.  Silently ignore ENOENT if these
965      * tests pass.  It isn't an error.
966      *
967      * We can safely resolve ncp->nc_parent because ncp is currently
968      * locked.
969      */
970     if (nflags & (NLC_CREATE | NLC_DELETE | NLC_RENAME_SRC | NLC_RENAME_DST)) {
971 	if (((nflags & NLC_CREATE) && ncp->nc_vp == NULL) ||
972 	    ((nflags & NLC_DELETE) && ncp->nc_vp != NULL) ||
973 	    ((nflags & NLC_RENAME_SRC) && ncp->nc_vp != NULL) ||
974 	    (nflags & NLC_RENAME_DST)
975 	) {
976 	    struct nchandle par;
977 
978 	    if ((par.ncp = ncp->nc_parent) == NULL) {
979 		if (error != EAGAIN)
980 			error = EINVAL;
981 	    } else if (error == 0 || error == ENOENT) {
982 		par.mount = nch->mount;
983 		cache_hold(&par);
984 		cache_lock(&par);
985 		error = naccess(&par, NLC_WRITE, cred, NULL);
986 		cache_put(&par);
987 	    }
988 	}
989     }
990 
991     /*
992      * NLC_EXCL check.  Target file must not exist.
993      */
994     if (error == 0 && (nflags & NLC_EXCL) && ncp->nc_vp != NULL)
995 	error = EEXIST;
996 
997     /*
998      * Get the vnode attributes so we can do the rest of our checks.
999      *
1000      * NOTE: We only call naccess_va() if the target exists.
1001      */
1002     if (error == 0) {
1003 	error = cache_vget(nch, cred, LK_SHARED, &vp);
1004 	if (error == ENOENT) {
1005 	    /*
1006 	     * Silently zero-out ENOENT if creating or renaming
1007 	     * (rename target).  It isn't an error.
1008 	     */
1009 	    if (nflags & (NLC_CREATE | NLC_RENAME_DST))
1010 		error = 0;
1011 	} else if (error == 0) {
1012 	    /*
1013 	     * Get the vnode attributes and check for illegal O_TRUNC
1014 	     * requests and read-only mounts.
1015 	     *
1016 	     * NOTE: You can still open devices on read-only mounts for
1017 	     * 	     writing.
1018 	     *
1019 	     * NOTE: creates/deletes/renames are handled by the NLC_WRITE
1020 	     *	     check on the parent directory above.
1021 	     *
1022 	     * XXX cache the va in the namecache or in the vnode
1023 	     */
1024 	    error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &va);
1025 	    if (error == 0 && (nflags & NLC_TRUNCATE)) {
1026 		switch(va.va_type) {
1027 		case VREG:
1028 		case VDATABASE:
1029 		case VCHR:
1030 		case VBLK:
1031 		case VFIFO:
1032 		    break;
1033 		case VDIR:
1034 		    error = EISDIR;
1035 		    break;
1036 		default:
1037 		    error = EINVAL;
1038 		    break;
1039 		}
1040 	    }
1041 	    if (error == 0 && (nflags & NLC_WRITE) && vp->v_mount &&
1042 		(vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
1043 	    ) {
1044 		switch(va.va_type) {
1045 		case VDIR:
1046 		case VLNK:
1047 		case VREG:
1048 		case VDATABASE:
1049 		    error = EROFS;
1050 		    break;
1051 		default:
1052 		    break;
1053 		}
1054 	    }
1055 	    vput(vp);
1056 
1057 	    /*
1058 	     * Check permissions based on file attributes.  The passed
1059 	     * flags (*nflagsp) are modified with feedback based on
1060 	     * special attributes and requirements.
1061 	     */
1062 	    if (error == 0) {
1063 		/*
1064 		 * Adjust the returned (*nflagsp) if non-NULL.
1065 		 */
1066 		if (nflagsp) {
1067 		    if ((va.va_mode & VSVTX) && va.va_uid != cred->cr_uid)
1068 			*nflagsp |= NLC_STICKY;
1069 		    if (va.va_flags & APPEND)
1070 			*nflagsp |= NLC_APPENDONLY;
1071 		    if (va.va_flags & IMMUTABLE)
1072 			*nflagsp |= NLC_IMMUTABLE;
1073 		}
1074 
1075 		/*
1076 		 * Track swapcache management flags in the namecache.
1077 		 *
1078 		 * Calculate the flags based on the current vattr info
1079 		 * and recalculate the inherited flags from the parent
1080 		 * (the original cache linkage may have occurred without
1081 		 * getattrs and thus have stale flags).
1082 		 */
1083 		cflags = 0;
1084 		if (va.va_flags & SF_NOCACHE)
1085 			cflags |= NCF_SF_NOCACHE;
1086 		if (va.va_flags & UF_CACHE)
1087 			cflags |= NCF_UF_CACHE;
1088 		if (ncp->nc_parent) {
1089 			if (ncp->nc_parent->nc_flag &
1090 			    (NCF_SF_NOCACHE | NCF_SF_PNOCACHE)) {
1091 				cflags |= NCF_SF_PNOCACHE;
1092 			}
1093 			if (ncp->nc_parent->nc_flag &
1094 			    (NCF_UF_CACHE | NCF_UF_PCACHE)) {
1095 				cflags |= NCF_UF_PCACHE;
1096 			}
1097 		}
1098 		ncp->nc_flag &= ~(NCF_SF_NOCACHE | NCF_UF_CACHE |
1099 				  NCF_SF_PNOCACHE | NCF_UF_PCACHE);
1100 		ncp->nc_flag |= cflags;
1101 
1102 		/*
1103 		 * Process general access.
1104 		 */
1105 		error = naccess_va(&va, nflags, cred);
1106 	    }
1107 	}
1108     }
1109     return(error);
1110 }
1111 
1112 /*
1113  * Check the requested access against the given vattr using cred.
1114  */
1115 int
1116 naccess_va(struct vattr *va, int nflags, struct ucred *cred)
1117 {
1118     int i;
1119     int vmode;
1120 
1121     /*
1122      * Test the immutable bit.  Creations, deletions, renames (source
1123      * or destination) are not allowed.  chown/chmod/other is also not
1124      * allowed but is handled by SETATTR.  Hardlinks to the immutable
1125      * file are allowed.
1126      *
1127      * If the directory is set to immutable then creations, deletions,
1128      * renames (source or dest) and hardlinks to files within the directory
1129      * are not allowed, and regular files opened through the directory may
1130      * not be written to or truncated (unless a special device).
1131      *
1132      * NOTE!  New hardlinks to immutable files work but new hardlinks to
1133      * files, immutable or not, sitting inside an immutable directory are
1134      * not allowed.  As always if the file is hardlinked via some other
1135      * path additional hardlinks may be possible even if the file is marked
1136      * immutable.  The sysop needs to create a closure by checking the hard
1137      * link count.  Once closure is achieved you are good, and security
1138      * scripts should check link counts anyway.
1139      *
1140      * Writes and truncations are only allowed on special devices.
1141      */
1142     if ((va->va_flags & IMMUTABLE) || (nflags & NLC_IMMUTABLE)) {
1143 	if ((nflags & NLC_IMMUTABLE) && (nflags & NLC_HLINK))
1144 	    return (EPERM);
1145 	if (nflags & (NLC_CREATE | NLC_DELETE |
1146 		      NLC_RENAME_SRC | NLC_RENAME_DST)) {
1147 	    return (EPERM);
1148 	}
1149 	if (nflags & (NLC_WRITE | NLC_TRUNCATE)) {
1150 	    switch(va->va_type) {
1151 	    case VDIR:
1152 		return (EISDIR);
1153 	    case VLNK:
1154 	    case VREG:
1155 	    case VDATABASE:
1156 		return (EPERM);
1157 	    default:
1158 		break;
1159 	    }
1160 	}
1161     }
1162 
1163     /*
1164      * Test the no-unlink and append-only bits for opens, rename targets,
1165      * and deletions.  These bits are not tested for creations or
1166      * rename sources.
1167      *
1168      * Unlike FreeBSD we allow a file with APPEND set to be renamed.
1169      * If you do not wish this you must also set NOUNLINK.
1170      *
1171      * If the governing directory is marked APPEND-only it implies
1172      * NOUNLINK for all entries in the directory.
1173      */
1174     if (((va->va_flags & NOUNLINK) || (nflags & NLC_APPENDONLY)) &&
1175 	(nflags & (NLC_DELETE | NLC_RENAME_SRC | NLC_RENAME_DST))
1176     ) {
1177 	return (EPERM);
1178     }
1179 
1180     /*
1181      * A file marked append-only may not be deleted but can be renamed.
1182      */
1183     if ((va->va_flags & APPEND) &&
1184 	(nflags & (NLC_DELETE | NLC_RENAME_DST))
1185     ) {
1186 	return (EPERM);
1187     }
1188 
1189     /*
1190      * A file marked append-only which is opened for writing must also
1191      * be opened O_APPEND.
1192      */
1193     if ((va->va_flags & APPEND) && (nflags & (NLC_OPEN | NLC_TRUNCATE))) {
1194 	if (nflags & NLC_TRUNCATE)
1195 	    return (EPERM);
1196 	if ((nflags & (NLC_OPEN | NLC_WRITE)) == (NLC_OPEN | NLC_WRITE)) {
1197 	    if ((nflags & NLC_APPEND) == 0)
1198 		return (EPERM);
1199 	}
1200     }
1201 
1202     /*
1203      * root gets universal access
1204      */
1205     if (cred->cr_uid == 0)
1206 	return(0);
1207 
1208     /*
1209      * Check owner perms.
1210      *
1211      * If NLC_OWN is set the owner of the file is allowed no matter when
1212      * the owner-mode bits say (utimes).
1213      */
1214     vmode = 0;
1215     if (nflags & NLC_READ)
1216 	vmode |= S_IRUSR;
1217     if (nflags & NLC_WRITE)
1218 	vmode |= S_IWUSR;
1219     if (nflags & NLC_EXEC)
1220 	vmode |= S_IXUSR;
1221 
1222     if (cred->cr_uid == va->va_uid) {
1223 	if ((nflags & NLC_OWN) == 0) {
1224 	    if ((vmode & va->va_mode) != vmode)
1225 		return(EACCES);
1226 	}
1227 	return(0);
1228     }
1229 
1230     /*
1231      * If NLC_STICKY is set only the owner may delete or rename a file.
1232      * This bit is typically set on /tmp.
1233      *
1234      * Note that the NLC_READ/WRITE/EXEC bits are not typically set in
1235      * the specific delete or rename case.  For deletions and renames we
1236      * usually just care about directory permissions, not file permissions.
1237      */
1238     if ((nflags & NLC_STICKY) &&
1239 	(nflags & (NLC_RENAME_SRC | NLC_RENAME_DST | NLC_DELETE))) {
1240 	return(EACCES);
1241     }
1242 
1243     /*
1244      * Check group perms
1245      */
1246     vmode >>= 3;
1247     for (i = 0; i < cred->cr_ngroups; ++i) {
1248 	if (va->va_gid == cred->cr_groups[i]) {
1249 	    if ((vmode & va->va_mode) != vmode)
1250 		return(EACCES);
1251 	    return(0);
1252 	}
1253     }
1254 
1255     /*
1256      * Check world perms
1257      */
1258     vmode >>= 3;
1259     if ((vmode & va->va_mode) != vmode)
1260 	return(EACCES);
1261     return(0);
1262 }
1263 
1264