xref: /dragonfly/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c (revision 6e285212)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  *
33  *	@(#)tcp_output.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
34  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c,v 1.39.2.20 2003/01/29 22:45:36 hsu Exp $
35  * $DragonFly: src/sys/netinet/tcp_output.c,v 1.2 2003/06/17 04:28:51 dillon Exp $
36  */
37 
38 #include "opt_inet6.h"
39 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
40 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
41 
42 #include <sys/param.h>
43 #include <sys/systm.h>
44 #include <sys/kernel.h>
45 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
46 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
47 #include <sys/domain.h>
48 #include <sys/protosw.h>
49 #include <sys/socket.h>
50 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
51 
52 #include <net/route.h>
53 
54 #include <netinet/in.h>
55 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
56 #include <netinet/ip.h>
57 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
58 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
59 #ifdef INET6
60 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
61 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
62 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
63 #endif
64 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
65 #define	TCPOUTFLAGS
66 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
67 #include <netinet/tcp_seq.h>
68 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
69 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
70 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
71 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
72 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
73 #endif
74 
75 #ifdef IPSEC
76 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
77 #endif /*IPSEC*/
78 
79 #ifdef FAST_IPSEC
80 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
81 #define	IPSEC
82 #endif /*FAST_IPSEC*/
83 
84 #include <machine/in_cksum.h>
85 
86 #ifdef notyet
87 extern struct mbuf *m_copypack();
88 #endif
89 
90 int path_mtu_discovery = 1;
91 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, path_mtu_discovery, CTLFLAG_RW,
92 	&path_mtu_discovery, 1, "Enable Path MTU Discovery");
93 
94 int ss_fltsz = 1;
95 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, slowstart_flightsize, CTLFLAG_RW,
96 	&ss_fltsz, 1, "Slow start flight size");
97 
98 int ss_fltsz_local = 4;
99 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, local_slowstart_flightsize, CTLFLAG_RW,
100 	&ss_fltsz_local, 1, "Slow start flight size for local networks");
101 
102 int     tcp_do_newreno = 1;
103 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, newreno, CTLFLAG_RW, &tcp_do_newreno,
104         0, "Enable NewReno Algorithms");
105 
106 /*
107  * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
108  */
109 int
110 tcp_output(tp)
111 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
112 {
113 	register struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
114 	register long len, win;
115 	int off, flags, error;
116 	register struct mbuf *m;
117 	struct ip *ip = NULL;
118 	register struct ipovly *ipov = NULL;
119 #ifdef INET6
120 	struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = NULL;
121 #endif /* INET6 */
122 	register struct tcphdr *th;
123 	u_char opt[TCP_MAXOLEN];
124 	unsigned ipoptlen, optlen, hdrlen;
125 	int idle, sendalot;
126 #if 0
127 	int maxburst = TCP_MAXBURST;
128 #endif
129 	struct rmxp_tao *taop;
130 #ifdef INET6
131 	int isipv6;
132 #endif
133 
134 #ifdef INET6
135 	isipv6 = (tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0;
136 #endif
137 
138 	/*
139 	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
140 	 * and flags that will be used.
141 	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
142 	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
143 	 */
144 	idle = (tp->t_flags & TF_LASTIDLE) || (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
145 	if (idle && (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tp->t_rxtcur) {
146 		/*
147 		 * We have been idle for "a while" and no acks are
148 		 * expected to clock out any data we send --
149 		 * slow start to get ack "clock" running again.
150 		 *
151 		 * Set the slow-start flight size depending on whether
152 		 * this is a local network or not.
153 		 */
154 		if (
155 #ifdef INET6
156 		    (isipv6 && in6_localaddr(&tp->t_inpcb->in6p_faddr)) ||
157 		    (!isipv6 &&
158 #endif
159 		     in_localaddr(tp->t_inpcb->inp_faddr)
160 #ifdef INET6
161 		     )
162 #endif
163 		    )
164 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg * ss_fltsz_local;
165 		else
166 			tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg * ss_fltsz;
167 	}
168 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_LASTIDLE;
169 	if (idle) {
170 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) {
171 			tp->t_flags |= TF_LASTIDLE;
172 			idle = 0;
173 		}
174 	}
175 again:
176 	sendalot = 0;
177 	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
178 	win = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
179 	win = min(win, tp->snd_bwnd);
180 
181 	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];
182 	/*
183 	 * Get standard flags, and add SYN or FIN if requested by 'hidden'
184 	 * state flags.
185 	 */
186 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDFIN)
187 		flags |= TH_FIN;
188 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN)
189 		flags |= TH_SYN;
190 
191 	/*
192 	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
193 	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
194 	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
195 	 * and go to transmit state.
196 	 */
197 	if (tp->t_force) {
198 		if (win == 0) {
199 			/*
200 			 * If we still have some data to send, then
201 			 * clear the FIN bit.  Usually this would
202 			 * happen below when it realizes that we
203 			 * aren't sending all the data.  However,
204 			 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unsent data,
205 			 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
206 			 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
207 			 * up sending the packet without recording
208 			 * that we sent the FIN bit.
209 			 *
210 			 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
211 			 * because if we don't have any more data
212 			 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
213 			 * itself.
214 			 */
215 			if (off < so->so_snd.sb_cc)
216 				flags &= ~TH_FIN;
217 			win = 1;
218 		} else {
219 			callout_stop(tp->tt_persist);
220 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
221 		}
222 	}
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * If snd_nxt == snd_max and we have transmitted a FIN, the
226 	 * offset will be > 0 even if so_snd.sb_cc is 0, resulting in
227 	 * a negative length.  This can also occur when tcp opens up
228 	 * its congestion window while receiving additional duplicate
229 	 * acks after fast-retransmit because TCP will reset snd_nxt
230 	 * to snd_max after the fast-retransmit.
231 	 *
232 	 * In the normal retransmit-FIN-only case, however, snd_nxt will
233 	 * be set to snd_una, the offset will be 0, and the length may
234 	 * wind up 0.
235 	 */
236 	len = (long)ulmin(so->so_snd.sb_cc, win) - off;
237 
238 	taop = tcp_gettaocache(&tp->t_inpcb->inp_inc);
239 
240 	/*
241 	 * Lop off SYN bit if it has already been sent.  However, if this
242 	 * is SYN-SENT state and if segment contains data and if we don't
243 	 * know that foreign host supports TAO, suppress sending segment.
244 	 */
245 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) && SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_una)) {
246 		flags &= ~TH_SYN;
247 		off--, len++;
248 		if (len > 0 && tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT &&
249 		    (taop == NULL || taop->tao_ccsent == 0))
250 			return 0;
251 	}
252 
253 	/*
254 	 * Be careful not to send data and/or FIN on SYN segments
255 	 * in cases when no CC option will be sent.
256 	 * This measure is needed to prevent interoperability problems
257 	 * with not fully conformant TCP implementations.
258 	 */
259 	if ((flags & TH_SYN) &&
260 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) || !(tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_CC) ||
261 	     ((flags & TH_ACK) && !(tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_CC)))) {
262 		len = 0;
263 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
264 	}
265 
266 	if (len < 0) {
267 		/*
268 		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
269 		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
270 		 * len will be < 0.  Otherwise, window shrank
271 		 * after we sent into it.  If window shrank to 0,
272 		 * cancel pending retransmit, pull snd_nxt back
273 		 * to (closed) window, and set the persist timer
274 		 * if it isn't already going.  If the window didn't
275 		 * close completely, just wait for an ACK.
276 		 */
277 		len = 0;
278 		if (win == 0) {
279 			callout_stop(tp->tt_rexmt);
280 			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
281 			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
282 			if (!callout_active(tp->tt_persist))
283 				tcp_setpersist(tp);
284 		}
285 	}
286 
287 	/*
288 	 * len will be >= 0 after this point.  Truncate to the maximum
289 	 * segment length and ensure that FIN is removed if the length
290 	 * no longer contains the last data byte.
291 	 */
292 	if (len > tp->t_maxseg) {
293 		len = tp->t_maxseg;
294 		sendalot = 1;
295 	}
296 	if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc))
297 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
298 
299 	win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * Sender silly window avoidance.   We transmit under the following
303 	 * conditions when len is non-zero:
304 	 *
305 	 *	- We have a full segment
306 	 *	- This is the last buffer in a write()/send() and we are
307 	 *	  either idle or running NODELAY
308 	 *	- we've timed out (e.g. persist timer)
309 	 *	- we have more then 1/2 the maximum send window's worth of
310 	 *	  data (receiver may be limited the window size)
311 	 *	- we need to retransmit
312 	 */
313 	if (len) {
314 		if (len == tp->t_maxseg)
315 			goto send;
316 		/*
317 		 * NOTE! on localhost connections an 'ack' from the remote
318 		 * end may occur synchronously with the output and cause
319 		 * us to flush a buffer queued with moretocome.  XXX
320 		 *
321 		 * note: the len + off check is almost certainly unnecessary.
322 		 */
323 		if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_MORETOCOME) &&	/* normal case */
324 		    (idle || (tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY)) &&
325 		    len + off >= so->so_snd.sb_cc &&
326 		    (tp->t_flags & TF_NOPUSH) == 0) {
327 			goto send;
328 		}
329 		if (tp->t_force)			/* typ. timeout case */
330 			goto send;
331 		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2 && tp->max_sndwnd > 0)
332 			goto send;
333 		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))	/* retransmit case */
334 			goto send;
335 	}
336 
337 	/*
338 	 * Compare available window to amount of window
339 	 * known to peer (as advertised window less
340 	 * next expected input).  If the difference is at least two
341 	 * max size segments, or at least 50% of the maximum possible
342 	 * window, then want to send a window update to peer.
343 	 */
344 	if (win > 0) {
345 		/*
346 		 * "adv" is the amount we can increase the window,
347 		 * taking into account that we are limited by
348 		 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
349 		 */
350 		long adv = min(win, (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale) -
351 			(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
352 
353 		if (adv >= (long) (2 * tp->t_maxseg))
354 			goto send;
355 		if (2 * adv >= (long) so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat)
356 			goto send;
357 	}
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * Send if we owe the peer an ACK, RST, SYN, or urgent data.  ACKNOW
361 	 * is also a catch-all for the retransmit timer timeout case.
362 	 */
363 	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
364 		goto send;
365 	if ((flags & TH_RST) ||
366 	    ((flags & TH_SYN) && (tp->t_flags & TF_NEEDSYN) == 0))
367 		goto send;
368 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
369 		goto send;
370 	/*
371 	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
372 	 * and we have not yet done so, then we need to send.
373 	 */
374 	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
375 	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
376 		goto send;
377 
378 	/*
379 	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
380 	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
381 	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
382 	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
383 	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
384 	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
385 	 *
386 	 * callout_active(tp->tt_persist)
387 	 *	is true when we are in persist state.
388 	 * tp->t_force
389 	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
390 	 * callout_active(tp->tt_rexmt)
391 	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
392 	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
393 	 *
394 	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
395 	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
396 	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
397 	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
398 	 * otherwise force out a byte.
399 	 */
400 	if (so->so_snd.sb_cc && !callout_active(tp->tt_rexmt) &&
401 	    !callout_active(tp->tt_persist)) {
402 		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
403 		tcp_setpersist(tp);
404 	}
405 
406 	/*
407 	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
408 	 */
409 	return (0);
410 
411 send:
412 	/*
413 	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
414 	 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
415 	 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
416 	 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
417 	 * link header, i.e.
418 	 *	max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MCLBYTES
419 	 */
420 	optlen = 0;
421 #ifdef INET6
422 	if (isipv6)
423 		hdrlen = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr) + sizeof (struct tcphdr);
424 	else
425 #endif
426 	hdrlen = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
427 	if (flags & TH_SYN) {
428 		tp->snd_nxt = tp->iss;
429 		if ((tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
430 			u_short mss;
431 
432 			opt[0] = TCPOPT_MAXSEG;
433 			opt[1] = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
434 			mss = htons((u_short) tcp_mssopt(tp));
435 			(void)memcpy(opt + 2, &mss, sizeof(mss));
436 			optlen = TCPOLEN_MAXSEG;
437 
438 			if ((tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE) &&
439 			    ((flags & TH_ACK) == 0 ||
440 			    (tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_SCALE))) {
441 				*((u_int32_t *)(opt + optlen)) = htonl(
442 					TCPOPT_NOP << 24 |
443 					TCPOPT_WINDOW << 16 |
444 					TCPOLEN_WINDOW << 8 |
445 					tp->request_r_scale);
446 				optlen += 4;
447 			}
448 		}
449  	}
450 
451  	/*
452 	 * Send a timestamp and echo-reply if this is a SYN and our side
453 	 * wants to use timestamps (TF_REQ_TSTMP is set) or both our side
454 	 * and our peer have sent timestamps in our SYN's.
455  	 */
456  	if ((tp->t_flags & (TF_REQ_TSTMP|TF_NOOPT)) == TF_REQ_TSTMP &&
457  	    (flags & TH_RST) == 0 &&
458 	    ((flags & TH_ACK) == 0 ||
459 	     (tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP))) {
460 		u_int32_t *lp = (u_int32_t *)(opt + optlen);
461 
462  		/* Form timestamp option as shown in appendix A of RFC 1323. */
463  		*lp++ = htonl(TCPOPT_TSTAMP_HDR);
464  		*lp++ = htonl(ticks);
465  		*lp   = htonl(tp->ts_recent);
466  		optlen += TCPOLEN_TSTAMP_APPA;
467  	}
468 
469  	/*
470 	 * Send `CC-family' options if our side wants to use them (TF_REQ_CC),
471 	 * options are allowed (!TF_NOOPT) and it's not a RST.
472  	 */
473  	if ((tp->t_flags & (TF_REQ_CC|TF_NOOPT)) == TF_REQ_CC &&
474  	     (flags & TH_RST) == 0) {
475 		switch (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_ACK)) {
476 		/*
477 		 * This is a normal ACK, send CC if we received CC before
478 		 * from our peer.
479 		 */
480 		case TH_ACK:
481 			if (!(tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_CC))
482 				break;
483 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
484 
485 		/*
486 		 * We can only get here in T/TCP's SYN_SENT* state, when
487 		 * we're a sending a non-SYN segment without waiting for
488 		 * the ACK of our SYN.  A check above assures that we only
489 		 * do this if our peer understands T/TCP.
490 		 */
491 		case 0:
492 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
493 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
494 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_CC;
495 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOLEN_CC;
496 			*(u_int32_t *)&opt[optlen] = htonl(tp->cc_send);
497 
498 			optlen += 4;
499 			break;
500 
501 		/*
502 		 * This is our initial SYN, check whether we have to use
503 		 * CC or CC.new.
504 		 */
505 		case TH_SYN:
506 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
507 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
508 			opt[optlen++] = tp->t_flags & TF_SENDCCNEW ?
509 						TCPOPT_CCNEW : TCPOPT_CC;
510 			opt[optlen++] = TCPOLEN_CC;
511 			*(u_int32_t *)&opt[optlen] = htonl(tp->cc_send);
512  			optlen += 4;
513 			break;
514 
515 		/*
516 		 * This is a SYN,ACK; send CC and CC.echo if we received
517 		 * CC from our peer.
518 		 */
519 		case (TH_SYN|TH_ACK):
520 			if (tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_CC) {
521 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
522 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
523 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_CC;
524 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOLEN_CC;
525 				*(u_int32_t *)&opt[optlen] =
526 					htonl(tp->cc_send);
527 				optlen += 4;
528 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
529 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_NOP;
530 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOPT_CCECHO;
531 				opt[optlen++] = TCPOLEN_CC;
532 				*(u_int32_t *)&opt[optlen] =
533 					htonl(tp->cc_recv);
534 				optlen += 4;
535 			}
536 			break;
537 		}
538  	}
539 
540  	hdrlen += optlen;
541 
542 #ifdef INET6
543 	if (isipv6)
544 		ipoptlen = ip6_optlen(tp->t_inpcb);
545 	else
546 #endif
547       {
548 	if (tp->t_inpcb->inp_options) {
549 		ipoptlen = tp->t_inpcb->inp_options->m_len -
550 				offsetof(struct ipoption, ipopt_list);
551 	} else {
552 		ipoptlen = 0;
553 	}
554       }
555 #ifdef IPSEC
556 	ipoptlen += ipsec_hdrsiz_tcp(tp);
557 #endif
558 
559 	/*
560 	 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
561 	 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxopd length.
562 	 * Clear the FIN bit because we cut off the tail of
563 	 * the segment.
564 	 */
565 	if (len + optlen + ipoptlen > tp->t_maxopd) {
566 		/*
567 		 * If there is still more to send, don't close the connection.
568 		 */
569 		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
570 		len = tp->t_maxopd - optlen - ipoptlen;
571 		sendalot = 1;
572 	}
573 
574 /*#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC*/
575 #ifdef INET6
576  	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MCLBYTES)
577 		panic("tcphdr too big");
578 #else
579  	if (max_linkhdr + hdrlen > MHLEN)
580 		panic("tcphdr too big");
581 #endif
582 /*#endif*/
583 
584 	/*
585 	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
586 	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
587 	 * the template for sends on this connection.
588 	 */
589 	if (len) {
590 		if (tp->t_force && len == 1)
591 			tcpstat.tcps_sndprobe++;
592 		else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
593 			tcpstat.tcps_sndrexmitpack++;
594 			tcpstat.tcps_sndrexmitbyte += len;
595 		} else {
596 			tcpstat.tcps_sndpack++;
597 			tcpstat.tcps_sndbyte += len;
598 		}
599 #ifdef notyet
600 		if ((m = m_copypack(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off,
601 		    (int)len, max_linkhdr + hdrlen)) == 0) {
602 			error = ENOBUFS;
603 			goto out;
604 		}
605 		/*
606 		 * m_copypack left space for our hdr; use it.
607 		 */
608 		m->m_len += hdrlen;
609 		m->m_data -= hdrlen;
610 #else
611 		MGETHDR(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER);
612 		if (m == NULL) {
613 			error = ENOBUFS;
614 			goto out;
615 		}
616 #ifdef INET6
617 		if (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) {
618 			MCLGET(m, M_DONTWAIT);
619 			if ((m->m_flags & M_EXT) == 0) {
620 				m_freem(m);
621 				error = ENOBUFS;
622 				goto out;
623 			}
624 		}
625 #endif
626 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
627 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
628 		if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr) {
629 			m_copydata(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, (int) len,
630 			    mtod(m, caddr_t) + hdrlen);
631 			m->m_len += len;
632 		} else {
633 			m->m_next = m_copy(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, (int) len);
634 			if (m->m_next == 0) {
635 				(void) m_free(m);
636 				error = ENOBUFS;
637 				goto out;
638 			}
639 		}
640 #endif
641 		/*
642 		 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
643 		 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
644 		 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
645 		 * a PUSH comes in.)
646 		 */
647 		if (off + len == so->so_snd.sb_cc)
648 			flags |= TH_PUSH;
649 	} else {
650 		if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
651 			tcpstat.tcps_sndacks++;
652 		else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
653 			tcpstat.tcps_sndctrl++;
654 		else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
655 			tcpstat.tcps_sndurg++;
656 		else
657 			tcpstat.tcps_sndwinup++;
658 
659 		MGETHDR(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER);
660 		if (m == NULL) {
661 			error = ENOBUFS;
662 			goto out;
663 		}
664 #ifdef INET6
665 		if (isipv6 && (MHLEN < hdrlen + max_linkhdr) &&
666 		    MHLEN >= hdrlen) {
667 			MH_ALIGN(m, hdrlen);
668 		} else
669 #endif
670 		m->m_data += max_linkhdr;
671 		m->m_len = hdrlen;
672 	}
673 	m->m_pkthdr.rcvif = (struct ifnet *)0;
674 #ifdef INET6
675 	if (isipv6) {
676 		ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
677 		th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip6 + 1);
678 		tcp_fillheaders(tp, ip6, th);
679 	} else
680 #endif /* INET6 */
681       {
682 	ip = mtod(m, struct ip *);
683 	ipov = (struct ipovly *)ip;
684 	th = (struct tcphdr *)(ip + 1);
685 	/* this picks up the pseudo header (w/o the length) */
686 	tcp_fillheaders(tp, ip, th);
687       }
688 
689 	/*
690 	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
691 	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
692 	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
693 	 */
694 	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN &&
695 	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
696 		tp->snd_nxt--;
697 	/*
698 	 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
699 	 * not reflect the first unsent octet.  For ACK only
700 	 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
701 	 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
702 	 * of the next unsent octet.  So, if there is no data
703 	 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
704 	 * when filling in ti_seq.  But if we are in persist
705 	 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
706 	 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
707 	 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
708 	 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
709 	 */
710 	if (len || (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN))
711 	    || callout_active(tp->tt_persist))
712 		th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
713 	else
714 		th->th_seq = htonl(tp->snd_max);
715 	th->th_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
716 	if (optlen) {
717 		bcopy(opt, th + 1, optlen);
718 		th->th_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
719 	}
720 	th->th_flags = flags;
721 	/*
722 	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
723 	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
724 	 */
725 	if (win < (long)(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4) && win < (long)tp->t_maxseg)
726 		win = 0;
727 	if (win < (long)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
728 		win = (long)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
729 	if (win > (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale)
730 		win = (long)TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale;
731 	th->th_win = htons((u_short) (win>>tp->rcv_scale));
732 
733 	/*
734 	 * Adjust the RXWIN0SENT flag - indicate that we have advertised
735 	 * a 0 window.  This may cause the remote transmitter to stall.  This
736 	 * flag tells soreceive() to disable delayed acknowledgements when
737 	 * draining the buffer.  This can occur if the receiver is attempting
738 	 * to read more data then can be buffered prior to transmitting on
739 	 * the connection.
740 	 */
741 	if (win == 0)
742 		tp->t_flags |= TF_RXWIN0SENT;
743 	else
744 		tp->t_flags &= ~TF_RXWIN0SENT;
745 
746 	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
747 		th->th_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
748 		th->th_flags |= TH_URG;
749 	} else
750 		/*
751 		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
752 		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
753 		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
754 		 * number wraparound.
755 		 */
756 		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
757 
758 	/*
759 	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
760 	 * checksum extended header and data.
761 	 */
762 	m->m_pkthdr.len = hdrlen + len; /* in6_cksum() need this */
763 #ifdef INET6
764 	if (isipv6)
765 		/*
766 		 * ip6_plen is not need to be filled now, and will be filled
767 		 * in ip6_output.
768 		 */
769 		th->th_sum = in6_cksum(m, IPPROTO_TCP, sizeof(struct ip6_hdr),
770 				       sizeof(struct tcphdr) + optlen + len);
771 	else
772 #endif /* INET6 */
773       {
774 	m->m_pkthdr.csum_flags = CSUM_TCP;
775 	m->m_pkthdr.csum_data = offsetof(struct tcphdr, th_sum);
776 	if (len + optlen)
777 		th->th_sum = in_addword(th->th_sum,
778 		    htons((u_short)(optlen + len)));
779 
780 	/* IP version must be set here for ipv4/ipv6 checking later */
781 	KASSERT(ip->ip_v == IPVERSION,
782 	    ("%s: IP version incorrect: %d", __func__, ip->ip_v));
783       }
784 
785 	/*
786 	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
787 	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
788 	 */
789 	if (tp->t_force == 0 || !callout_active(tp->tt_persist)) {
790 		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;
791 
792 		/*
793 		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
794 		 */
795 		if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN)) {
796 			if (flags & TH_SYN)
797 				tp->snd_nxt++;
798 			if (flags & TH_FIN) {
799 				tp->snd_nxt++;
800 				tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
801 			}
802 		}
803 		tp->snd_nxt += len;
804 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
805 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
806 			/*
807 			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
808 			 * not currently timing anything.
809 			 */
810 			if (tp->t_rtttime == 0) {
811 				tp->t_rtttime = ticks;
812 				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
813 				tcpstat.tcps_segstimed++;
814 			}
815 		}
816 
817 		/*
818 		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
819 		 * and not doing a pure ack or a keep-alive probe.
820 		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
821 		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
822 		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
823 		 * of retransmit time.
824 		 */
825 		if (!callout_active(tp->tt_rexmt) &&
826 		    tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una) {
827 			if (callout_active(tp->tt_persist)) {
828 				callout_stop(tp->tt_persist);
829 				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
830 			}
831 			callout_reset(tp->tt_rexmt, tp->t_rxtcur,
832 				      tcp_timer_rexmt, tp);
833 		}
834 	} else {
835 		/*
836 		 * Persist case, update snd_max but since we are in
837 		 * persist mode (no window) we do not update snd_nxt.
838 		 */
839 		int xlen = len;
840 		if (flags & TH_SYN)
841 			++xlen;
842 		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
843 			++xlen;
844 			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
845 		}
846 		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + xlen, tp->snd_max))
847 			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + xlen;
848 	}
849 
850 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
851 	/*
852 	 * Trace.
853 	 */
854 	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
855 		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, mtod(m, void *), th, 0);
856 #endif
857 
858 	/*
859 	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
860 	 * send to IP level.  There should be a better way
861 	 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
862 	 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
863 	 */
864 	/*
865 	 * m->m_pkthdr.len should have been set before cksum calcuration,
866 	 * because in6_cksum() need it.
867 	 */
868 #ifdef INET6
869 	if (isipv6) {
870 		/*
871 		 * we separately set hoplimit for every segment, since the
872 		 * user might want to change the value via setsockopt.
873 		 * Also, desired default hop limit might be changed via
874 		 * Neighbor Discovery.
875 		 */
876 		ip6->ip6_hlim = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb,
877 					       tp->t_inpcb->in6p_route.ro_rt ?
878 					       tp->t_inpcb->in6p_route.ro_rt->rt_ifp
879 					       : NULL);
880 
881 		/* TODO: IPv6 IP6TOS_ECT bit on */
882 		error = ip6_output(m,
883 			    tp->t_inpcb->in6p_outputopts,
884 			    &tp->t_inpcb->in6p_route,
885 			    (so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE), NULL, NULL,
886 			    tp->t_inpcb);
887 	} else
888 #endif /* INET6 */
889     {
890 	struct rtentry *rt;
891 	ip->ip_len = m->m_pkthdr.len;
892 #ifdef INET6
893  	if (INP_CHECK_SOCKAF(so, AF_INET6))
894  		ip->ip_ttl = in6_selecthlim(tp->t_inpcb,
895  					    tp->t_inpcb->in6p_route.ro_rt ?
896  					    tp->t_inpcb->in6p_route.ro_rt->rt_ifp
897  					    : NULL);
898  	else
899 #endif /* INET6 */
900 	ip->ip_ttl = tp->t_inpcb->inp_ip_ttl;	/* XXX */
901 	ip->ip_tos = tp->t_inpcb->inp_ip_tos;	/* XXX */
902 	/*
903 	 * See if we should do MTU discovery.  We do it only if the following
904 	 * are true:
905 	 *	1) we have a valid route to the destination
906 	 *	2) the MTU is not locked (if it is, then discovery has been
907 	 *	   disabled)
908 	 */
909 	if (path_mtu_discovery
910 	    && (rt = tp->t_inpcb->inp_route.ro_rt)
911 	    && rt->rt_flags & RTF_UP
912 	    && !(rt->rt_rmx.rmx_locks & RTV_MTU)) {
913 		ip->ip_off |= IP_DF;
914 	}
915 	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
916 	    (so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE), 0, tp->t_inpcb);
917     }
918 	if (error) {
919 
920 		/*
921 		 * We know that the packet was lost, so back out the
922 		 * sequence number advance, if any.
923 		 */
924 		if (tp->t_force == 0 || !callout_active(tp->tt_persist)) {
925 			/*
926 			 * No need to check for TH_FIN here because
927 			 * the TF_SENTFIN flag handles that case.
928 			 */
929 			if ((flags & TH_SYN) == 0)
930 				tp->snd_nxt -= len;
931 		}
932 
933 out:
934 		if (error == ENOBUFS) {
935 	                if (!callout_active(tp->tt_rexmt) &&
936                             !callout_active(tp->tt_persist))
937 	                        callout_reset(tp->tt_rexmt, tp->t_rxtcur,
938                                       tcp_timer_rexmt, tp);
939 			tcp_quench(tp->t_inpcb, 0);
940 			return (0);
941 		}
942 		if (error == EMSGSIZE) {
943 			/*
944 			 * ip_output() will have already fixed the route
945 			 * for us.  tcp_mtudisc() will, as its last action,
946 			 * initiate retransmission, so it is important to
947 			 * not do so here.
948 			 */
949 			tcp_mtudisc(tp->t_inpcb, 0);
950 			return 0;
951 		}
952 		if ((error == EHOSTUNREACH || error == ENETDOWN)
953 		    && TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
954 			tp->t_softerror = error;
955 			return (0);
956 		}
957 		return (error);
958 	}
959 	tcpstat.tcps_sndtotal++;
960 
961 	/*
962 	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
963 	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
964 	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
965 	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
966 	 */
967 	if (win > 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt+win, tp->rcv_adv))
968 		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + win;
969 	tp->last_ack_sent = tp->rcv_nxt;
970 	tp->t_flags &= ~TF_ACKNOW;
971 	if (tcp_delack_enabled)
972 		callout_stop(tp->tt_delack);
973 #if 0
974 	/*
975 	 * This completely breaks TCP if newreno is turned on.  What happens
976 	 * is that if delayed-acks are turned on on the receiver, this code
977 	 * on the transmitter effectively destroys the TCP window, forcing
978 	 * it to four packets (1.5Kx4 = 6K window).
979 	 */
980 	if (sendalot && (!tcp_do_newreno || --maxburst))
981 		goto again;
982 #endif
983 	if (sendalot)
984 		goto again;
985 	return (0);
986 }
987 
988 void
989 tcp_setpersist(tp)
990 	register struct tcpcb *tp;
991 {
992 	int t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;
993 	int tt;
994 
995 	if (callout_active(tp->tt_rexmt))
996 		panic("tcp_setpersist: retransmit pending");
997 	/*
998 	 * Start/restart persistance timer.
999 	 */
1000 	TCPT_RANGESET(tt, t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
1001 		      TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_PERSMAX);
1002 	callout_reset(tp->tt_persist, tt, tcp_timer_persist, tp);
1003 	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
1004 		tp->t_rxtshift++;
1005 }
1006