xref: /dragonfly/sys/platform/pc64/x86_64/npx.c (revision 6693db17)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990 William Jolitz.
3  * Copyright (c) 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 The DragonFly Project.
5  * Copyright (c) 2006 Matthew Dillon.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
16  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
17  *    distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
19  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
20  *    from this software without specific, prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
23  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
24  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
25  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
26  * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
27  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
28  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
29  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
30  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
31  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
32  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  *
35  * from: @(#)npx.c	7.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
36  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/isa/npx.c,v 1.80.2.3 2001/10/20 19:04:38 tegge Exp $
37  */
38 
39 #include "opt_debug_npx.h"
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/systm.h>
43 #include <sys/bus.h>
44 #include <sys/kernel.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/module.h>
47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/rman.h>
50 #ifdef NPX_DEBUG
51 #include <sys/syslog.h>
52 #endif
53 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
54 
55 #include <sys/thread2.h>
56 #include <sys/mplock2.h>
57 
58 #ifndef SMP
59 #include <machine/asmacros.h>
60 #endif
61 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
62 #include <machine/frame.h>
63 #include <machine/md_var.h>
64 #include <machine/pcb.h>
65 #include <machine/psl.h>
66 #ifndef SMP
67 #include <machine/clock.h>
68 #endif
69 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
70 #include <machine/segments.h>
71 #include <machine/globaldata.h>
72 
73 #define	fldcw(addr)		__asm("fldcw %0" : : "m" (*(addr)))
74 #define	fnclex()		__asm("fnclex")
75 #define	fninit()		__asm("fninit")
76 #define	fnop()			__asm("fnop")
77 #define	fnsave(addr)		__asm __volatile("fnsave %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
78 #define	fnstcw(addr)		__asm __volatile("fnstcw %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
79 #define	fnstsw(addr)		__asm __volatile("fnstsw %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
80 #define	frstor(addr)		__asm("frstor %0" : : "m" (*(addr)))
81 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
82 #define	fxrstor(addr)		__asm("fxrstor %0" : : "m" (*(addr)))
83 #define	fxsave(addr)		__asm __volatile("fxsave %0" : "=m" (*(addr)))
84 #endif
85 #define start_emulating()       __asm("smsw %%ax; orb %0,%%al; lmsw %%ax" \
86 				      : : "n" (CR0_TS) : "ax")
87 #define stop_emulating()        __asm("clts")
88 
89 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
90 #define GET_FPU_EXSW_PTR(td) \
91 	(cpu_fxsr ? \
92 		&(td)->td_savefpu->sv_xmm.sv_ex_sw : \
93 		&(td)->td_savefpu->sv_87.sv_ex_sw)
94 #else /* CPU_DISABLE_SSE */
95 #define GET_FPU_EXSW_PTR(td) \
96 	(&(td)->td_savefpu->sv_87.sv_ex_sw)
97 #endif /* CPU_DISABLE_SSE */
98 
99 typedef u_char bool_t;
100 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
101 static	void	fpu_clean_state(void);
102 #endif
103 
104 static struct krate badfprate = { 1 };
105 
106 static	void	fpusave		(union savefpu *);
107 static	void	fpurstor	(union savefpu *);
108 
109 /*
110  * Initialize the floating point unit.
111  */
112 void
113 npxinit(u_short control)
114 {
115 	static union savefpu dummy __aligned(16);
116 
117 	/*
118 	 * fninit has the same h/w bugs as fnsave.  Use the detoxified
119 	 * fnsave to throw away any junk in the fpu.  npxsave() initializes
120 	 * the fpu and sets npxthread = NULL as important side effects.
121 	 */
122 	npxsave(&dummy);
123 	crit_enter();
124 	stop_emulating();
125 	fldcw(&control);
126 	fpusave(curthread->td_savefpu);
127 	mdcpu->gd_npxthread = NULL;
128 	start_emulating();
129 	crit_exit();
130 }
131 
132 /*
133  * Free coprocessor (if we have it).
134  */
135 void
136 npxexit(void)
137 {
138 	if (curthread == mdcpu->gd_npxthread)
139 		npxsave(curthread->td_savefpu);
140 }
141 
142 #if 0
143 /*
144  * The following mechanism is used to ensure that the FPE_... value
145  * that is passed as a trapcode to the signal handler of the user
146  * process does not have more than one bit set.
147  *
148  * Multiple bits may be set if the user process modifies the control
149  * word while a status word bit is already set.  While this is a sign
150  * of bad coding, we have no choise than to narrow them down to one
151  * bit, since we must not send a trapcode that is not exactly one of
152  * the FPE_ macros.
153  *
154  * The mechanism has a static table with 127 entries.  Each combination
155  * of the 7 FPU status word exception bits directly translates to a
156  * position in this table, where a single FPE_... value is stored.
157  * This FPE_... value stored there is considered the "most important"
158  * of the exception bits and will be sent as the signal code.  The
159  * precedence of the bits is based upon Intel Document "Numerical
160  * Applications", Chapter "Special Computational Situations".
161  *
162  * The macro to choose one of these values does these steps: 1) Throw
163  * away status word bits that cannot be masked.  2) Throw away the bits
164  * currently masked in the control word, assuming the user isn't
165  * interested in them anymore.  3) Reinsert status word bit 7 (stack
166  * fault) if it is set, which cannot be masked but must be presered.
167  * 4) Use the remaining bits to point into the trapcode table.
168  *
169  * The 6 maskable bits in order of their preference, as stated in the
170  * above referenced Intel manual:
171  * 1  Invalid operation (FP_X_INV)
172  * 1a   Stack underflow
173  * 1b   Stack overflow
174  * 1c   Operand of unsupported format
175  * 1d   SNaN operand.
176  * 2  QNaN operand (not an exception, irrelavant here)
177  * 3  Any other invalid-operation not mentioned above or zero divide
178  *      (FP_X_INV, FP_X_DZ)
179  * 4  Denormal operand (FP_X_DNML)
180  * 5  Numeric over/underflow (FP_X_OFL, FP_X_UFL)
181  * 6  Inexact result (FP_X_IMP)
182  */
183 static char fpetable[128] = {
184 	0,
185 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  1 - INV */
186 	FPE_FLTUND,	/*  2 - DNML */
187 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  3 - INV | DNML */
188 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  4 - DZ */
189 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  5 - INV | DZ */
190 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  6 - DNML | DZ */
191 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  7 - INV | DNML | DZ */
192 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/*  8 - OFL */
193 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  9 - INV | OFL */
194 	FPE_FLTUND,	/*  A - DNML | OFL */
195 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  B - INV | DNML | OFL */
196 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  C - DZ | OFL */
197 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  D - INV | DZ | OFL */
198 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/*  E - DNML | DZ | OFL */
199 	FPE_FLTINV,	/*  F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL */
200 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 10 - UFL */
201 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 11 - INV | UFL */
202 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 12 - DNML | UFL */
203 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 13 - INV | DNML | UFL */
204 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 14 - DZ | UFL */
205 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 15 - INV | DZ | UFL */
206 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 16 - DNML | DZ | UFL */
207 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 17 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL */
208 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 18 - OFL | UFL */
209 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 19 - INV | OFL | UFL */
210 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 1A - DNML | OFL | UFL */
211 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 1B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL */
212 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 1C - DZ | OFL | UFL */
213 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 1D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL */
214 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 1E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL */
215 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 1F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL */
216 	FPE_FLTRES,	/* 20 - IMP */
217 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 21 - INV | IMP */
218 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 22 - DNML | IMP */
219 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 23 - INV | DNML | IMP */
220 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 24 - DZ | IMP */
221 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 25 - INV | DZ | IMP */
222 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 26 - DNML | DZ | IMP */
223 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 27 - INV | DNML | DZ | IMP */
224 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 28 - OFL | IMP */
225 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 29 - INV | OFL | IMP */
226 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 2A - DNML | OFL | IMP */
227 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 2B - INV | DNML | OFL | IMP */
228 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 2C - DZ | OFL | IMP */
229 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 2D - INV | DZ | OFL | IMP */
230 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 2E - DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP */
231 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 2F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP */
232 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 30 - UFL | IMP */
233 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 31 - INV | UFL | IMP */
234 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 32 - DNML | UFL | IMP */
235 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 33 - INV | DNML | UFL | IMP */
236 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 34 - DZ | UFL | IMP */
237 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 35 - INV | DZ | UFL | IMP */
238 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 36 - DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP */
239 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 37 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP */
240 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 38 - OFL | UFL | IMP */
241 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 39 - INV | OFL | UFL | IMP */
242 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 3A - DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP */
243 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 3B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP */
244 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 3C - DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
245 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 3D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
246 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 3E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
247 	FPE_FLTINV,	/* 3F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP */
248 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 40 - STK */
249 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 41 - INV | STK */
250 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 42 - DNML | STK */
251 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 43 - INV | DNML | STK */
252 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 44 - DZ | STK */
253 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 45 - INV | DZ | STK */
254 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 46 - DNML | DZ | STK */
255 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 47 - INV | DNML | DZ | STK */
256 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 48 - OFL | STK */
257 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 49 - INV | OFL | STK */
258 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 4A - DNML | OFL | STK */
259 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 4B - INV | DNML | OFL | STK */
260 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 4C - DZ | OFL | STK */
261 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 4D - INV | DZ | OFL | STK */
262 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 4E - DNML | DZ | OFL | STK */
263 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 4F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | STK */
264 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 50 - UFL | STK */
265 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 51 - INV | UFL | STK */
266 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 52 - DNML | UFL | STK */
267 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 53 - INV | DNML | UFL | STK */
268 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 54 - DZ | UFL | STK */
269 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 55 - INV | DZ | UFL | STK */
270 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 56 - DNML | DZ | UFL | STK */
271 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 57 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL | STK */
272 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 58 - OFL | UFL | STK */
273 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 59 - INV | OFL | UFL | STK */
274 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 5A - DNML | OFL | UFL | STK */
275 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 5B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL | STK */
276 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 5C - DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
277 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 5D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
278 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 5E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
279 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 5F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | STK */
280 	FPE_FLTRES,	/* 60 - IMP | STK */
281 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 61 - INV | IMP | STK */
282 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 62 - DNML | IMP | STK */
283 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 63 - INV | DNML | IMP | STK */
284 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 64 - DZ | IMP | STK */
285 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 65 - INV | DZ | IMP | STK */
286 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 66 - DNML | DZ | IMP | STK */
287 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 67 - INV | DNML | DZ | IMP | STK */
288 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 68 - OFL | IMP | STK */
289 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 69 - INV | OFL | IMP | STK */
290 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 6A - DNML | OFL | IMP | STK */
291 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 6B - INV | DNML | OFL | IMP | STK */
292 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 6C - DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
293 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 6D - INV | DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
294 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 6E - DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
295 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 6F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | IMP | STK */
296 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 70 - UFL | IMP | STK */
297 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 71 - INV | UFL | IMP | STK */
298 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 72 - DNML | UFL | IMP | STK */
299 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 73 - INV | DNML | UFL | IMP | STK */
300 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 74 - DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
301 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 75 - INV | DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
302 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 76 - DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
303 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 77 - INV | DNML | DZ | UFL | IMP | STK */
304 	FPE_FLTOVF,	/* 78 - OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
305 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 79 - INV | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
306 	FPE_FLTUND,	/* 7A - DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
307 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 7B - INV | DNML | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
308 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 7C - DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
309 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 7D - INV | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
310 	FPE_FLTDIV,	/* 7E - DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
311 	FPE_FLTSUB,	/* 7F - INV | DNML | DZ | OFL | UFL | IMP | STK */
312 };
313 
314 #endif
315 
316 #if 0
317 
318 /*
319  * Preserve the FP status word, clear FP exceptions, then generate a SIGFPE.
320  *
321  * Clearing exceptions is necessary mainly to avoid IRQ13 bugs.  We now
322  * depend on longjmp() restoring a usable state.  Restoring the state
323  * or examining it might fail if we didn't clear exceptions.
324  *
325  * The error code chosen will be one of the FPE_... macros. It will be
326  * sent as the second argument to old BSD-style signal handlers and as
327  * "siginfo_t->si_code" (second argument) to SA_SIGINFO signal handlers.
328  *
329  * XXX the FP state is not preserved across signal handlers.  So signal
330  * handlers cannot afford to do FP unless they preserve the state or
331  * longjmp() out.  Both preserving the state and longjmp()ing may be
332  * destroyed by IRQ13 bugs.  Clearing FP exceptions is not an acceptable
333  * solution for signals other than SIGFPE.
334  *
335  * The MP lock is not held on entry (see i386/i386/exception.s) and
336  * should not be held on exit.  Interrupts are enabled.  We must enter
337  * a critical section to stabilize the FP system and prevent an interrupt
338  * or preemption from changing the FP state out from under us.
339  */
340 void
341 npx_intr(void *dummy)
342 {
343 	int code;
344 	u_short control;
345 	struct intrframe *frame;
346 	u_long *exstat;
347 
348 	crit_enter();
349 
350 	/*
351 	 * This exception can only occur with CR0_TS clear, otherwise we
352 	 * would get a DNA exception.  However, since interrupts were
353 	 * enabled a preemption could have sneaked in and used the FP system
354 	 * before we entered our critical section.  If that occured, the
355 	 * TS bit will be set and npxthread will be NULL.
356 	 */
357 	panic("npx_intr: not coded");
358 	/* XXX FP STATE FLAG MUST BE PART OF CONTEXT SUPPLIED BY REAL KERNEL */
359 #if 0
360 	if (rcr0() & CR0_TS) {
361 		KASSERT(mdcpu->gd_npxthread == NULL, ("gd_npxthread was %p with TS set!", mdcpu->gd_npxthread));
362 		npxdna();
363 		crit_exit();
364 		return;
365 	}
366 #endif
367 	if (mdcpu->gd_npxthread == NULL) {
368 		get_mplock();
369 		kprintf("npxintr: npxthread = %p, curthread = %p\n",
370 		       mdcpu->gd_npxthread, curthread);
371 		panic("npxintr from nowhere");
372 	}
373 	if (mdcpu->gd_npxthread != curthread) {
374 		get_mplock();
375 		kprintf("npxintr: npxthread = %p, curthread = %p\n",
376 		       mdcpu->gd_npxthread, curthread);
377 		panic("npxintr from non-current process");
378 	}
379 
380 	exstat = GET_FPU_EXSW_PTR(curthread);
381 	outb(0xf0, 0);
382 	fnstsw(exstat);
383 	fnstcw(&control);
384 	fnclex();
385 
386 	get_mplock();
387 
388 	/*
389 	 * Pass exception to process.
390 	 */
391 	frame = (struct intrframe *)&dummy;	/* XXX */
392 	if ((ISPL(frame->if_cs) == SEL_UPL) /*||(frame->if_eflags&PSL_VM)*/) {
393 		/*
394 		 * Interrupt is essentially a trap, so we can afford to call
395 		 * the SIGFPE handler (if any) as soon as the interrupt
396 		 * returns.
397 		 *
398 		 * XXX little or nothing is gained from this, and plenty is
399 		 * lost - the interrupt frame has to contain the trap frame
400 		 * (this is otherwise only necessary for the rescheduling trap
401 		 * in doreti, and the frame for that could easily be set up
402 		 * just before it is used).
403 		 */
404 		curthread->td_lwp->lwp_md.md_regs = INTR_TO_TRAPFRAME(frame);
405 		/*
406 		 * Encode the appropriate code for detailed information on
407 		 * this exception.
408 		 */
409 		code =
410 		    fpetable[(*exstat & ~control & 0x3f) | (*exstat & 0x40)];
411 		trapsignal(curthread->td_lwp, SIGFPE, code);
412 	} else {
413 		/*
414 		 * Nested interrupt.  These losers occur when:
415 		 *	o an IRQ13 is bogusly generated at a bogus time, e.g.:
416 		 *		o immediately after an fnsave or frstor of an
417 		 *		  error state.
418 		 *		o a couple of 386 instructions after
419 		 *		  "fstpl _memvar" causes a stack overflow.
420 		 *	  These are especially nasty when combined with a
421 		 *	  trace trap.
422 		 *	o an IRQ13 occurs at the same time as another higher-
423 		 *	  priority interrupt.
424 		 *
425 		 * Treat them like a true async interrupt.
426 		 */
427 		lwpsignal(curproc, curthread->td_lwp, SIGFPE);
428 	}
429 	rel_mplock();
430 	crit_exit();
431 }
432 
433 #endif
434 
435 /*
436  * Implement the device not available (DNA) exception.  gd_npxthread had
437  * better be NULL.  Restore the current thread's FP state and set gd_npxthread
438  * to curthread.
439  *
440  * Interrupts are enabled and preemption can occur.  Enter a critical
441  * section to stabilize the FP state.
442  */
443 int
444 npxdna(void)
445 {
446 	thread_t td = curthread;
447 	u_long *exstat;
448 	int didinit = 0;
449 
450 	if (mdcpu->gd_npxthread != NULL) {
451 		kprintf("npxdna: npxthread = %p, curthread = %p\n",
452 		       mdcpu->gd_npxthread, curthread);
453 		panic("npxdna");
454 	}
455 
456 	/*
457 	 * Setup the initial saved state if the thread has never before
458 	 * used the FP unit.  This also occurs when a thread pushes a
459 	 * signal handler and uses FP in the handler.
460 	 */
461 	if ((td->td_flags & (TDF_USINGFP | TDF_KERNELFP)) == 0) {
462 		td->td_flags |= TDF_USINGFP;
463 		npxinit(__INITIAL_NPXCW__);
464 		didinit = 1;
465 	}
466 
467 	/*
468 	 * The setting of gd_npxthread and the call to fpurstor() must not
469 	 * be preempted by an interrupt thread or we will take an npxdna
470 	 * trap and potentially save our current fpstate (which is garbage)
471 	 * and then restore the garbage rather then the originally saved
472 	 * fpstate.
473 	 */
474 	crit_enter();
475 	stop_emulating();
476 	/*
477 	 * Record new context early in case frstor causes an IRQ13.
478 	 */
479 	mdcpu->gd_npxthread = td;
480 	exstat = GET_FPU_EXSW_PTR(td);
481 	*exstat = 0;
482 	/*
483 	 * The following frstor may cause an IRQ13 when the state being
484 	 * restored has a pending error.  The error will appear to have been
485 	 * triggered by the current (npx) user instruction even when that
486 	 * instruction is a no-wait instruction that should not trigger an
487 	 * error (e.g., fnclex).  On at least one 486 system all of the
488 	 * no-wait instructions are broken the same as frstor, so our
489 	 * treatment does not amplify the breakage.  On at least one
490 	 * 386/Cyrix 387 system, fnclex works correctly while frstor and
491 	 * fnsave are broken, so our treatment breaks fnclex if it is the
492 	 * first FPU instruction after a context switch.
493 	 */
494 	if ((td->td_savefpu->sv_xmm.sv_env.en_mxcsr & ~0xFFBF)
495 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
496 	    && cpu_fxsr
497 #endif
498 	) {
499 		krateprintf(&badfprate,
500 			    "FXRSTR: illegal FP MXCSR %08x didinit = %d\n",
501 			    td->td_savefpu->sv_xmm.sv_env.en_mxcsr, didinit);
502 		td->td_savefpu->sv_xmm.sv_env.en_mxcsr &= 0xFFBF;
503 		lwpsignal(curproc, curthread->td_lwp, SIGFPE);
504 	}
505 	fpurstor(td->td_savefpu);
506 	crit_exit();
507 
508 	return (1);
509 }
510 
511 /*
512  * Wrapper for the fnsave instruction to handle h/w bugs.  If there is an error
513  * pending, then fnsave generates a bogus IRQ13 on some systems.  Force
514  * any IRQ13 to be handled immediately, and then ignore it.  This routine is
515  * often called at splhigh so it must not use many system services.  In
516  * particular, it's much easier to install a special handler than to
517  * guarantee that it's safe to use npxintr() and its supporting code.
518  *
519  * WARNING!  This call is made during a switch and the MP lock will be
520  * setup for the new target thread rather then the current thread, so we
521  * cannot do anything here that depends on the *_mplock() functions as
522  * we may trip over their assertions.
523  *
524  * WARNING!  When using fxsave we MUST fninit after saving the FP state.  The
525  * kernel will always assume that the FP state is 'safe' (will not cause
526  * exceptions) for mmx/xmm use if npxthread is NULL.  The kernel must still
527  * setup a custom save area before actually using the FP unit, but it will
528  * not bother calling fninit.  This greatly improves kernel performance when
529  * it wishes to use the FP unit.
530  */
531 void
532 npxsave(union savefpu *addr)
533 {
534 	crit_enter();
535 	stop_emulating();
536 	fpusave(addr);
537 	mdcpu->gd_npxthread = NULL;
538 	fninit();
539 	start_emulating();
540 	crit_exit();
541 }
542 
543 static void
544 fpusave(union savefpu *addr)
545 {
546 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
547 	if (cpu_fxsr)
548 		fxsave(addr);
549 	else
550 #endif
551 		fnsave(addr);
552 }
553 
554 /*
555  * Save the FP state to the mcontext structure.
556  *
557  * WARNING: If you want to try to npxsave() directly to mctx->mc_fpregs,
558  * then it MUST be 16-byte aligned.  Currently this is not guarenteed.
559  */
560 void
561 npxpush(mcontext_t *mctx)
562 {
563 	thread_t td = curthread;
564 
565 	KKASSERT((td->td_flags & TDF_KERNELFP) == 0);
566 
567 	if (td->td_flags & TDF_USINGFP) {
568 		if (mdcpu->gd_npxthread == td) {
569 			/*
570 			 * XXX Note: This is a bit inefficient if the signal
571 			 * handler uses floating point, extra faults will
572 			 * occur.
573 			 */
574 			mctx->mc_ownedfp = _MC_FPOWNED_FPU;
575 			npxsave(td->td_savefpu);
576 		} else {
577 			mctx->mc_ownedfp = _MC_FPOWNED_PCB;
578 		}
579 		bcopy(td->td_savefpu, mctx->mc_fpregs, sizeof(mctx->mc_fpregs));
580 		td->td_flags &= ~TDF_USINGFP;
581 		mctx->mc_fpformat =
582 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
583 			(cpu_fxsr) ? _MC_FPFMT_XMM :
584 #endif
585 			_MC_FPFMT_387;
586 	} else {
587 		mctx->mc_ownedfp = _MC_FPOWNED_NONE;
588 		mctx->mc_fpformat = _MC_FPFMT_NODEV;
589 	}
590 }
591 
592 /*
593  * Restore the FP state from the mcontext structure.
594  */
595 void
596 npxpop(mcontext_t *mctx)
597 {
598 	thread_t td = curthread;
599 
600 	switch(mctx->mc_ownedfp) {
601 	case _MC_FPOWNED_NONE:
602 		/*
603 		 * If the signal handler used the FP unit but the interrupted
604 		 * code did not, release the FP unit.  Clear TDF_USINGFP will
605 		 * force the FP unit to reinit so the interrupted code sees
606 		 * a clean slate.
607 		 */
608 		if (td->td_flags & TDF_USINGFP) {
609 			if (td == mdcpu->gd_npxthread)
610 				npxsave(td->td_savefpu);
611 			td->td_flags &= ~TDF_USINGFP;
612 		}
613 		break;
614 	case _MC_FPOWNED_FPU:
615 	case _MC_FPOWNED_PCB:
616 		/*
617 		 * Clear ownership of the FP unit and restore our saved state.
618 		 *
619 		 * NOTE: The signal handler may have set-up some FP state and
620 		 * enabled the FP unit, so we have to restore no matter what.
621 		 *
622 		 * XXX: This is bit inefficient, if the code being returned
623 		 * to is actively using the FP this results in multiple
624 		 * kernel faults.
625 		 *
626 		 * WARNING: The saved state was exposed to userland and may
627 		 * have to be sanitized to avoid a GP fault in the kernel.
628 		 */
629 		if (td == mdcpu->gd_npxthread)
630 			npxsave(td->td_savefpu);
631 		bcopy(mctx->mc_fpregs, td->td_savefpu, sizeof(*td->td_savefpu));
632 		if ((td->td_savefpu->sv_xmm.sv_env.en_mxcsr & ~0xFFBF)
633 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
634 		    && cpu_fxsr
635 #endif
636 		) {
637 			krateprintf(&badfprate,
638 				    "pid %d (%s) signal return from user: "
639 				    "illegal FP MXCSR %08x\n",
640 				    td->td_proc->p_pid,
641 				    td->td_proc->p_comm,
642 				    td->td_savefpu->sv_xmm.sv_env.en_mxcsr);
643 		}
644 		td->td_flags |= TDF_USINGFP;
645 		break;
646 	}
647 }
648 
649 
650 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
651 /*
652  * On AuthenticAMD processors, the fxrstor instruction does not restore
653  * the x87's stored last instruction pointer, last data pointer, and last
654  * opcode values, except in the rare case in which the exception summary
655  * (ES) bit in the x87 status word is set to 1.
656  *
657  * In order to avoid leaking this information across processes, we clean
658  * these values by performing a dummy load before executing fxrstor().
659  */
660 static	double	dummy_variable = 0.0;
661 static void
662 fpu_clean_state(void)
663 {
664 	u_short status;
665 
666 	/*
667 	 * Clear the ES bit in the x87 status word if it is currently
668 	 * set, in order to avoid causing a fault in the upcoming load.
669 	 */
670 	fnstsw(&status);
671 	if (status & 0x80)
672 		fnclex();
673 
674 	/*
675 	 * Load the dummy variable into the x87 stack.  This mangles
676 	 * the x87 stack, but we don't care since we're about to call
677 	 * fxrstor() anyway.
678 	 */
679 	__asm __volatile("ffree %%st(7); fld %0" : : "m" (dummy_variable));
680 }
681 #endif /* CPU_DISABLE_SSE */
682 
683 static void
684 fpurstor(union savefpu *addr)
685 {
686 #ifndef CPU_DISABLE_SSE
687 	if (cpu_fxsr) {
688 		fpu_clean_state();
689 		fxrstor(addr);
690 	} else {
691 		frstor(addr);
692 	}
693 #else
694 	frstor(addr);
695 #endif
696 }
697 
698