1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986 The Regents of the University of California.
3  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1990 William Jolitz
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 John Dyson
5  * Copyright (c) 2008 The DragonFly Project.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
10  * Science Department, and William Jolitz.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
21  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
22  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
23  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
24  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26  *    without specific prior written permission.
27  *
28  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
38  * SUCH DAMAGE.
39  *
40  *	from: @(#)vm_machdep.c	7.3 (Berkeley) 5/13/91
41  *	Utah $Hdr: vm_machdep.c 1.16.1.1 89/06/23$
42  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/i386/vm_machdep.c,v 1.132.2.9 2003/01/25 19:02:23 dillon Exp $
43  */
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/systm.h>
47 #include <sys/malloc.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 #include <sys/buf.h>
50 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
51 #include <sys/vnode.h>
52 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
53 #include <sys/kernel.h>
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #include <sys/unistd.h>
56 
57 #include <machine/clock.h>
58 #include <machine/cpu.h>
59 #include <machine/md_var.h>
60 #include <machine/smp.h>
61 #include <machine/pcb.h>
62 #include <machine/pcb_ext.h>
63 #include <machine/segments.h>
64 #include <machine/globaldata.h>	/* npxthread */
65 
66 #include <vm/vm.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
68 #include <sys/lock.h>
69 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
71 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
72 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
73 
74 #include <sys/thread2.h>
75 
76 #include <bus/isa/isa.h>
77 
78 char machine[] = MACHINE;
79 SYSCTL_STRING(_hw, HW_MACHINE, machine, CTLFLAG_RD,
80 	      machine, 0, "Machine class");
81 
82 u_int cpu_vendor_id = 0;		/* XXX */
83 
84 /*
85  * Finish a fork operation, with lwp lp2 nearly set up.
86  * Copy and update the pcb, set up the stack so that the child
87  * ready to run and return to user mode.
88  */
89 void
90 cpu_fork(struct lwp *lp1, struct lwp *lp2, int flags)
91 {
92 	struct pcb *pcb2;
93 
94 	if ((flags & RFPROC) == 0) {
95 		if ((flags & RFMEM) == 0) {
96 			/* unshare user LDT */
97 			struct pcb *pcb1 = lp1->lwp_thread->td_pcb;
98 			struct pcb_ldt *pcb_ldt = pcb1->pcb_ldt;
99 			if (pcb_ldt && pcb_ldt->ldt_refcnt > 1) {
100 				pcb_ldt = user_ldt_alloc(pcb1,pcb_ldt->ldt_len);
101 				user_ldt_free(pcb1);
102 				pcb1->pcb_ldt = pcb_ldt;
103 				set_user_ldt(pcb1);
104 			}
105 		}
106 		return;
107 	}
108 
109 	/* Ensure that lp1's pcb is up to date. */
110 	if (mdcpu->gd_npxthread == lp1->lwp_thread)
111 		npxsave(lp1->lwp_thread->td_savefpu);
112 
113 	/*
114 	 * Copy lp1's PCB.  This really only applies to the
115 	 * debug registers and FP state, but its faster to just copy the
116 	 * whole thing.  Because we only save the PCB at switchout time,
117 	 * the register state may not be current.
118 	 */
119 	pcb2 = lp2->lwp_thread->td_pcb;
120 	*pcb2 = *lp1->lwp_thread->td_pcb;
121 
122 	/*
123 	 * Create a new fresh stack for the new process.
124 	 * Copy the trap frame for the return to user mode as if from a
125 	 * syscall.  This copies the user mode register values.
126 	 *
127 	 * pcb_rsp must allocate an additional call-return pointer below
128 	 * the trap frame which will be restored by cpu_heavy_restore from
129 	 * PCB_RIP, and the thread's td_sp pointer must allocate an
130 	 * additonal two quadwords below the pcb_rsp call-return pointer to
131 	 * hold the LWKT restore function pointer and rflags.
132 	 *
133 	 * The LWKT restore function pointer must be set to cpu_heavy_restore,
134 	 * which is our standard heavy-weight process switch-in function.
135 	 * YYY eventually we should shortcut fork_return and fork_trampoline
136 	 * to use the LWKT restore function directly so we can get rid of
137 	 * all the extra crap we are setting up.
138 	 */
139 	lp2->lwp_md.md_regs = (struct trapframe *)pcb2 - 1;
140 	bcopy(lp1->lwp_md.md_regs, lp2->lwp_md.md_regs, sizeof(*lp2->lwp_md.md_regs));
141 
142 	/*
143 	 * Set registers for trampoline to user mode.  Leave space for the
144 	 * return address on stack.  These are the kernel mode register values.
145 	 */
146 	pcb2->pcb_unused01 = 0;
147 	pcb2->pcb_rbx = (unsigned long)fork_return;	/* fork_trampoline argument */
148 	pcb2->pcb_rbp = 0;
149 	pcb2->pcb_rsp = (unsigned long)lp2->lwp_md.md_regs - sizeof(void *);
150 	pcb2->pcb_r12 = (unsigned long)lp2;		/* fork_trampoline argument */
151 	pcb2->pcb_r13 = 0;
152 	pcb2->pcb_r14 = 0;
153 	pcb2->pcb_r15 = 0;
154 	pcb2->pcb_rip = (unsigned long)fork_trampoline;
155 	lp2->lwp_thread->td_sp = (char *)(pcb2->pcb_rsp - sizeof(void *));
156 	*(u_int64_t *)lp2->lwp_thread->td_sp = PSL_USER;
157 	lp2->lwp_thread->td_sp -= sizeof(void *);
158 	*(void **)lp2->lwp_thread->td_sp = (void *)cpu_heavy_restore;
159 
160 	/*
161 	 * pcb2->pcb_ldt:	duplicated below, if necessary.
162 	 * pcb2->pcb_savefpu:	cloned above.
163 	 * pcb2->pcb_flags:	cloned above (always 0 here?).
164 	 * pcb2->pcb_onfault:	cloned above (always NULL here?).
165 	 */
166 
167 	/*
168 	 * XXX don't copy the i/o pages.  this should probably be fixed.
169 	 */
170 	pcb2->pcb_ext = NULL;
171 
172         /* Copy the LDT, if necessary. */
173         if (pcb2->pcb_ldt != NULL) {
174 		if (flags & RFMEM) {
175 			pcb2->pcb_ldt->ldt_refcnt++;
176 		} else {
177 			pcb2->pcb_ldt = user_ldt_alloc(pcb2,
178 				pcb2->pcb_ldt->ldt_len);
179 		}
180         }
181 	bcopy(&lp1->lwp_thread->td_tls, &lp2->lwp_thread->td_tls,
182 	      sizeof(lp2->lwp_thread->td_tls));
183 	/*
184 	 * Now, cpu_switch() can schedule the new lwp.
185 	 * pcb_rsp is loaded pointing to the cpu_switch() stack frame
186 	 * containing the return address when exiting cpu_switch.
187 	 * This will normally be to fork_trampoline(), which will have
188 	 * %rbx loaded with the new lwp's pointer.  fork_trampoline()
189 	 * will set up a stack to call fork_return(lp, frame); to complete
190 	 * the return to user-mode.
191 	 */
192 }
193 
194 /*
195  * Prepare new lwp to return to the address specified in params.
196  */
197 int
198 cpu_prepare_lwp(struct lwp *lp, struct lwp_params *params)
199 {
200 	struct trapframe *regs = lp->lwp_md.md_regs;
201 	void *bad_return = NULL;
202 	int error;
203 
204 	regs->tf_rip = (long)params->lwp_func;
205 	regs->tf_rsp = (long)params->lwp_stack;
206 	/* Set up argument for function call */
207 	regs->tf_rdi = (long)params->lwp_arg; /* JG Can this be in userspace addresses? */
208 	/*
209 	 * Set up fake return address.  As the lwp function may never return,
210 	 * we simply copy out a NULL pointer and force the lwp to receive
211 	 * a SIGSEGV if it returns anyways.
212 	 */
213 	regs->tf_rsp -= sizeof(void *);
214 	error = copyout(&bad_return, (void *)regs->tf_rsp, sizeof(bad_return));
215 	if (error)
216 		return (error);
217 
218 	cpu_set_fork_handler(lp,
219 	    (void (*)(void *, struct trapframe *))generic_lwp_return, lp);
220 	return (0);
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * Intercept the return address from a freshly forked process that has NOT
225  * been scheduled yet.
226  *
227  * This is needed to make kernel threads stay in kernel mode.
228  */
229 void
230 cpu_set_fork_handler(struct lwp *lp, void (*func)(void *, struct trapframe *),
231 		     void *arg)
232 {
233 	/*
234 	 * Note that the trap frame follows the args, so the function
235 	 * is really called like this:  func(arg, frame);
236 	 */
237 	lp->lwp_thread->td_pcb->pcb_rbx = (long)func;	/* function */
238 	lp->lwp_thread->td_pcb->pcb_r12 = (long)arg;	/* first arg */
239 }
240 
241 void
242 cpu_set_thread_handler(thread_t td, void (*rfunc)(void), void *func, void *arg)
243 {
244 	td->td_pcb->pcb_rbx = (long)func;
245 	td->td_pcb->pcb_r12 = (long)arg;
246 	td->td_switch = cpu_lwkt_switch;
247 	td->td_sp -= sizeof(void *);
248 	*(void **)td->td_sp = rfunc;	/* exit function on return */
249 	td->td_sp -= sizeof(void *);
250 	*(void **)td->td_sp = cpu_kthread_restore;
251 }
252 
253 void
254 cpu_lwp_exit(void)
255 {
256 	struct thread *td = curthread;
257 	struct pcb *pcb;
258 
259 	pcb = td->td_pcb;
260 
261 	/* Some i386 functionality was dropped */
262 	KKASSERT(pcb->pcb_ext == NULL);
263 
264 	/*
265 	 * disable all hardware breakpoints
266 	 */
267         if (pcb->pcb_flags & PCB_DBREGS) {
268                 reset_dbregs();
269                 pcb->pcb_flags &= ~PCB_DBREGS;
270         }
271 	td->td_gd->gd_cnt.v_swtch++;
272 
273 	crit_enter_quick(td);
274 	if (td->td_flags & TDF_TSLEEPQ)
275 		tsleep_remove(td);
276 	lwkt_deschedule_self(td);
277 	lwkt_remove_tdallq(td);
278 	cpu_thread_exit();
279 }
280 
281 /*
282  * Terminate the current thread.  The caller must have already acquired
283  * the thread's rwlock and placed it on a reap list or otherwise notified
284  * a reaper of its existance.  We set a special assembly switch function which
285  * releases td_rwlock after it has cleaned up the MMU state and switched
286  * out the stack.
287  *
288  * Must be caller from a critical section and with the thread descheduled.
289  */
290 void
291 cpu_thread_exit(void)
292 {
293 	npxexit();
294 	curthread->td_switch = cpu_exit_switch;
295 	curthread->td_flags |= TDF_EXITING;
296 	lwkt_switch();
297 	panic("cpu_thread_exit: lwkt_switch() unexpectedly returned");
298 }
299 
300 int
301 grow_stack(struct proc *p, u_long sp)
302 {
303 	int rv;
304 
305 	rv = vm_map_growstack (p, sp);
306 	if (rv != KERN_SUCCESS)
307 		return (0);
308 
309 	return (1);
310 }
311 
312 /*
313  * Used by /dev/kmem to determine if we can safely read or write
314  * the requested KVA range.  Some portions of kernel memory are
315  * not governed by our virtual page table.
316  */
317 extern int64_t _end;
318 extern void _start(void);
319 
320 int
321 kvm_access_check(vm_offset_t saddr, vm_offset_t eaddr, int prot)
322 {
323 	vm_offset_t addr;
324 
325 	if (saddr >= trunc_page((vm_offset_t)&_start) && eaddr <= round_page((vm_offset_t)&_end))
326 		return 0;
327 	if (saddr < KvaStart)
328 		return EFAULT;
329 	if (eaddr >= KvaEnd)
330 		return EFAULT;
331 	for (addr = saddr; addr < eaddr; addr += PAGE_SIZE)  {
332 		if (pmap_extract(&kernel_pmap, addr) == 0)
333 			return EFAULT;
334 	}
335 	if (!kernacc((caddr_t)saddr, eaddr - saddr, prot))
336 		return EFAULT;
337 	return 0;
338 }
339