xref: /dragonfly/sys/vfs/hammer/hammer_undo.c (revision 6ab64ab6)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2008 The DragonFly Project.  All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * This code is derived from software contributed to The DragonFly Project
5  * by Matthew Dillon <dillon@backplane.com>
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  *
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
15  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
16  *    distribution.
17  * 3. Neither the name of The DragonFly Project nor the names of its
18  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
19  *    from this software without specific, prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
22  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
23  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
24  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
25  * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
26  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
27  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
28  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
29  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
30  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
31  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*
36  * HAMMER undo - undo buffer/FIFO management.
37  */
38 
39 #include "hammer.h"
40 
41 static int
42 hammer_und_rb_compare(hammer_undo_t node1, hammer_undo_t node2)
43 {
44         if (node1->offset < node2->offset)
45                 return(-1);
46         if (node1->offset > node2->offset)
47                 return(1);
48         return(0);
49 }
50 
51 RB_GENERATE2(hammer_und_rb_tree, hammer_undo, rb_node,
52              hammer_und_rb_compare, hammer_off_t, offset);
53 
54 /*
55  * Convert a zone-3 undo offset into a zone-2 buffer offset.
56  */
57 hammer_off_t
58 hammer_undo_lookup(hammer_mount_t hmp, hammer_off_t zone3_off, int *errorp)
59 {
60 	hammer_volume_t root_volume;
61 	hammer_blockmap_t undomap __debugvar;
62 	hammer_off_t result_offset;
63 	int i;
64 
65 	KKASSERT(hammer_is_zone_undo(zone3_off));
66 	root_volume = hammer_get_root_volume(hmp, errorp);
67 	if (*errorp)
68 		return(0);
69 	undomap = &hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
70 	KKASSERT(HAMMER_ZONE_DECODE(undomap->alloc_offset) == HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX);
71 	KKASSERT(zone3_off < undomap->alloc_offset);
72 
73 	/*
74 	 * undo offsets[i] in zone-2 +
75 	 * big-block offset of zone-3 address
76 	 * which results zone-2 address
77 	 */
78 	i = HAMMER_OFF_SHORT_ENCODE(zone3_off) / HAMMER_BIGBLOCK_SIZE;
79 	result_offset = root_volume->ondisk->vol0_undo_array[i] +
80 			(zone3_off & HAMMER_BIGBLOCK_MASK64);
81 
82 	hammer_rel_volume(root_volume, 0);
83 	return(result_offset);
84 }
85 
86 /*
87  * Generate UNDO record(s) for the block of data at the specified zone1
88  * or zone2 offset.
89  *
90  * The recovery code will execute UNDOs in reverse order, allowing overlaps.
91  * All the UNDOs are executed together so if we already laid one down we
92  * do not have to lay another one down for the same range.
93  *
94  * For HAMMER version 4+ UNDO a 512 byte boundary is enforced and a PAD
95  * will be laid down for any unused space.  UNDO FIFO media structures
96  * will implement the hdr_seq field (it used to be reserved01), and
97  * both flush and recovery mechanics will be very different.
98  *
99  * WARNING!  See also hammer_generate_redo() in hammer_redo.c
100  */
101 int
102 hammer_generate_undo(hammer_transaction_t trans,
103 		     hammer_off_t zone_off, void *base, int len)
104 {
105 	hammer_mount_t hmp;
106 	hammer_volume_t root_volume;
107 	hammer_blockmap_t undomap;
108 	hammer_buffer_t buffer = NULL;
109 	hammer_fifo_undo_t undo;
110 	hammer_fifo_tail_t tail;
111 	hammer_off_t next_offset;
112 	int error;
113 	int bytes;
114 	int n;
115 
116 	hmp = trans->hmp;
117 
118 	/*
119 	 * A SYNC record may be required before we can lay down a general
120 	 * UNDO.  This ensures that the nominal recovery span contains
121 	 * at least one SYNC record telling the recovery code how far
122 	 * out-of-span it must go to run the REDOs.
123 	 */
124 	if ((hmp->flags & HAMMER_MOUNT_REDO_SYNC) == 0 &&
125 	    hmp->version >= HAMMER_VOL_VERSION_FOUR) {
126 		hammer_generate_redo_sync(trans);
127 	}
128 
129 	/*
130 	 * Enter the offset into our undo history.  If there is an existing
131 	 * undo we do not have to generate a new one.
132 	 */
133 	if (hammer_enter_undo_history(hmp, zone_off, len) == EALREADY)
134 		return(0);
135 
136 	root_volume = trans->rootvol;
137 	undomap = &hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
138 
139 	/* no undo recursion */
140 	hammer_modify_volume_noundo(NULL, root_volume);
141 	hammer_lock_ex(&hmp->undo_lock);
142 
143 	/* undo had better not roll over (loose test) */
144 	if (hammer_undo_space(trans) < len + HAMMER_BUFSIZE*3)
145 		hpanic("insufficient UNDO/REDO FIFO space for undo!");
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * Loop until the undo for the entire range has been laid down.
149 	 */
150 	while (len) {
151 		/*
152 		 * Fetch the layout offset in the UNDO FIFO, wrap it as
153 		 * necessary.
154 		 */
155 		if (undomap->next_offset == undomap->alloc_offset)
156 			undomap->next_offset = HAMMER_ENCODE_UNDO(0);
157 		next_offset = undomap->next_offset;
158 
159 		/*
160 		 * This is a tail-chasing FIFO, when we hit the start of a new
161 		 * buffer we don't have to read it in.
162 		 */
163 		if ((next_offset & HAMMER_BUFMASK) == 0) {
164 			undo = hammer_bnew(hmp, next_offset, &error, &buffer);
165 			hammer_format_undo(undo, hmp->undo_seqno ^ 0x40000000);
166 		} else {
167 			undo = hammer_bread(hmp, next_offset, &error, &buffer);
168 		}
169 		if (error)
170 			break;
171 		/* no undo recursion */
172 		hammer_modify_buffer_noundo(NULL, buffer);
173 
174 		/*
175 		 * Calculate how big a media structure fits up to the next
176 		 * alignment point and how large a data payload we can
177 		 * accomodate.
178 		 *
179 		 * If n calculates to 0 or negative there is no room for
180 		 * anything but a PAD.
181 		 */
182 		bytes = HAMMER_UNDO_ALIGN -
183 			((int)next_offset & HAMMER_UNDO_MASK);
184 		n = bytes -
185 		    (int)sizeof(struct hammer_fifo_undo) -
186 		    (int)sizeof(struct hammer_fifo_tail);
187 
188 		/*
189 		 * If available space is insufficient for any payload
190 		 * we have to lay down a PAD.
191 		 *
192 		 * The minimum PAD is 8 bytes and the head and tail will
193 		 * overlap each other in that case.  PADs do not have
194 		 * sequence numbers or CRCs.
195 		 *
196 		 * A PAD may not start on a boundary.  That is, every
197 		 * 512-byte block in the UNDO/REDO FIFO must begin with
198 		 * a record containing a sequence number.
199 		 */
200 		if (n <= 0) {
201 			KKASSERT(bytes >= sizeof(struct hammer_fifo_tail));
202 			KKASSERT(((int)next_offset & HAMMER_UNDO_MASK) != 0);
203 			tail = (void *)((char *)undo + bytes - sizeof(*tail));
204 			if ((void *)undo != (void *)tail) {
205 				tail->tail_signature = HAMMER_TAIL_SIGNATURE;
206 				tail->tail_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_PAD;
207 				tail->tail_size = bytes;
208 			}
209 			undo->head.hdr_signature = HAMMER_HEAD_SIGNATURE;
210 			undo->head.hdr_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_PAD;
211 			undo->head.hdr_size = bytes;
212 			/* NO CRC OR SEQ NO */
213 			undomap->next_offset += bytes;
214 			hammer_modify_buffer_done(buffer);
215 			hammer_stats_undo += bytes;
216 			continue;
217 		}
218 
219 		/*
220 		 * Calculate the actual payload and recalculate the size
221 		 * of the media structure as necessary.
222 		 */
223 		if (n > len) {
224 			n = len;
225 			bytes = ((n + HAMMER_HEAD_ALIGN_MASK) &
226 				 ~HAMMER_HEAD_ALIGN_MASK) +
227 				(int)sizeof(struct hammer_fifo_undo) +
228 				(int)sizeof(struct hammer_fifo_tail);
229 		}
230 		if (hammer_debug_general & 0x0080) {
231 			hdkprintf("undo %016jx %d %d\n",
232 				(intmax_t)next_offset, bytes, n);
233 		}
234 
235 		undo->head.hdr_signature = HAMMER_HEAD_SIGNATURE;
236 		undo->head.hdr_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_UNDO;
237 		undo->head.hdr_size = bytes;
238 		undo->head.hdr_seq = hmp->undo_seqno++;
239 		undo->head.hdr_crc = 0;
240 		undo->undo_offset = zone_off;
241 		undo->undo_data_bytes = n;
242 		bcopy(base, undo + 1, n);
243 
244 		tail = (void *)((char *)undo + bytes - sizeof(*tail));
245 		tail->tail_signature = HAMMER_TAIL_SIGNATURE;
246 		tail->tail_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_UNDO;
247 		tail->tail_size = bytes;
248 
249 		KKASSERT(bytes >= sizeof(undo->head));
250 		hammer_crc_set_fifo_head(&undo->head, bytes);
251 		undomap->next_offset += bytes;
252 		hammer_stats_undo += bytes;
253 
254 		/*
255 		 * Before we finish off the buffer we have to deal with any
256 		 * junk between the end of the media structure we just laid
257 		 * down and the UNDO alignment boundary.  We do this by laying
258 		 * down a dummy PAD.  Even though we will probably overwrite
259 		 * it almost immediately we have to do this so recovery runs
260 		 * can iterate the UNDO space without having to depend on
261 		 * the indices in the volume header.
262 		 *
263 		 * This dummy PAD will be overwritten on the next undo so
264 		 * we do not adjust undomap->next_offset.
265 		 */
266 		bytes = HAMMER_UNDO_ALIGN -
267 			((int)undomap->next_offset & HAMMER_UNDO_MASK);
268 		if (bytes != HAMMER_UNDO_ALIGN) {
269 			KKASSERT(bytes >= sizeof(struct hammer_fifo_tail));
270 			undo = (void *)(tail + 1);
271 			tail = (void *)((char *)undo + bytes - sizeof(*tail));
272 			if ((void *)undo != (void *)tail) {
273 				tail->tail_signature = HAMMER_TAIL_SIGNATURE;
274 				tail->tail_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_PAD;
275 				tail->tail_size = bytes;
276 			}
277 			undo->head.hdr_signature = HAMMER_HEAD_SIGNATURE;
278 			undo->head.hdr_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_PAD;
279 			undo->head.hdr_size = bytes;
280 			/* NO CRC OR SEQ NO */
281 		}
282 		hammer_modify_buffer_done(buffer);
283 
284 		/*
285 		 * Adjust for loop
286 		 */
287 		len -= n;
288 		base = (char *)base + n;
289 		zone_off += n;
290 	}
291 	hammer_modify_volume_done(root_volume);
292 	hammer_unlock(&hmp->undo_lock);
293 
294 	if (buffer)
295 		hammer_rel_buffer(buffer, 0);
296 	return(error);
297 }
298 
299 /*
300  * Preformat a new UNDO block.  We could read the old one in but we get
301  * better performance if we just pre-format a new one.
302  *
303  * The recovery code always works forwards so the caller just makes sure the
304  * seqno is not contiguous with prior UNDOs or ancient UNDOs now being
305  * overwritten.
306  *
307  * The preformatted UNDO headers use the smallest possible sector size
308  * (512) to ensure that any missed media writes are caught.
309  *
310  * NOTE: Also used by the REDO code.
311  */
312 void
313 hammer_format_undo(void *base, uint32_t seqno)
314 {
315 	hammer_fifo_head_t head;
316 	hammer_fifo_tail_t tail;
317 	int i;
318 	int bytes = HAMMER_UNDO_ALIGN;
319 
320 	bzero(base, HAMMER_BUFSIZE);
321 
322 	for (i = 0; i < HAMMER_BUFSIZE; i += bytes) {
323 		head = (void *)((char *)base + i);
324 		tail = (void *)((char *)head + bytes - sizeof(*tail));
325 
326 		head->hdr_signature = HAMMER_HEAD_SIGNATURE;
327 		head->hdr_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_DUMMY;
328 		head->hdr_size = bytes;
329 		head->hdr_seq = seqno++;
330 		head->hdr_crc = 0;
331 
332 		tail->tail_signature = HAMMER_TAIL_SIGNATURE;
333 		tail->tail_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_DUMMY;
334 		tail->tail_size = bytes;
335 
336 		hammer_crc_set_fifo_head(head, bytes);
337 	}
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * HAMMER version 4+ conversion support.
342  *
343  * Convert a HAMMER version < 4 UNDO FIFO area to a 4+ UNDO FIFO area.
344  * The 4+ UNDO FIFO area is backwards compatible.  The conversion is
345  * needed to initialize the sequence space and place headers on the
346  * new 512-byte undo boundary.
347  */
348 int
349 hammer_upgrade_undo_4(hammer_transaction_t trans)
350 {
351 	hammer_mount_t hmp;
352 	hammer_volume_t root_volume;
353 	hammer_blockmap_t undomap;
354 	hammer_buffer_t buffer = NULL;
355 	hammer_fifo_head_t head;
356 	hammer_fifo_tail_t tail;
357 	hammer_off_t next_offset;
358 	uint32_t seqno;
359 	int error;
360 	int bytes;
361 
362 	hmp = trans->hmp;
363 
364 	root_volume = trans->rootvol;
365 
366 	/* no undo recursion */
367 	hammer_lock_ex(&hmp->undo_lock);
368 	hammer_modify_volume_noundo(NULL, root_volume);
369 
370 	/*
371 	 * Adjust the in-core undomap and the on-disk undomap.
372 	 */
373 	next_offset = HAMMER_ENCODE_UNDO(0);
374 	undomap = &hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
375 	undomap->next_offset = next_offset;
376 	undomap->first_offset = next_offset;
377 
378 	undomap = &root_volume->ondisk->vol0_blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
379 	undomap->next_offset = next_offset;
380 	undomap->first_offset = next_offset;
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * Loop over the entire UNDO space creating DUMMY entries.  Sequence
384 	 * numbers are assigned.
385 	 */
386 	seqno = 0;
387 	bytes = HAMMER_UNDO_ALIGN;
388 
389 	while (next_offset != undomap->alloc_offset) {
390 		head = hammer_bnew(hmp, next_offset, &error, &buffer);
391 		if (error)
392 			break;
393 		hammer_modify_buffer_noundo(NULL, buffer);
394 		tail = (void *)((char *)head + bytes - sizeof(*tail));
395 
396 		head->hdr_signature = HAMMER_HEAD_SIGNATURE;
397 		head->hdr_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_DUMMY;
398 		head->hdr_size = bytes;
399 		head->hdr_seq = seqno;
400 		head->hdr_crc = 0;
401 
402 		tail = (void *)((char *)head + bytes - sizeof(*tail));
403 		tail->tail_signature = HAMMER_TAIL_SIGNATURE;
404 		tail->tail_type = HAMMER_HEAD_TYPE_DUMMY;
405 		tail->tail_size = bytes;
406 
407 		hammer_crc_set_fifo_head(head, bytes);
408 		hammer_modify_buffer_done(buffer);
409 
410 		hammer_stats_undo += bytes;
411 		next_offset += HAMMER_UNDO_ALIGN;
412 		++seqno;
413 	}
414 
415 	/*
416 	 * The sequence number will be the next sequence number to lay down.
417 	 */
418 	hmp->undo_seqno = seqno;
419 	hmkprintf(hmp, "version upgrade seqno start %08x\n", seqno);
420 
421 	hammer_modify_volume_done(root_volume);
422 	hammer_unlock(&hmp->undo_lock);
423 
424 	if (buffer)
425 		hammer_rel_buffer(buffer, 0);
426 	return (error);
427 }
428 
429 /*
430  * UNDO HISTORY API
431  *
432  * It is not necessary to layout an undo record for the same address space
433  * multiple times.  Maintain a cache of recent undo's.
434  */
435 
436 /*
437  * Enter an undo into the history.  Return EALREADY if the request completely
438  * covers a previous request.
439  */
440 int
441 hammer_enter_undo_history(hammer_mount_t hmp, hammer_off_t offset, int bytes)
442 {
443 	hammer_undo_t node;
444 	hammer_undo_t onode __debugvar;
445 
446 	node = RB_LOOKUP(hammer_und_rb_tree, &hmp->rb_undo_root, offset);
447 	if (node) {
448 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&hmp->undo_lru_list, node, lru_entry);
449 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&hmp->undo_lru_list, node, lru_entry);
450 		if (bytes <= node->bytes)
451 			return(EALREADY);
452 		node->bytes = bytes;
453 		return(0);
454 	}
455 	if (hmp->undo_alloc != HAMMER_MAX_UNDOS) {
456 		node = &hmp->undos[hmp->undo_alloc++];
457 	} else {
458 		node = TAILQ_FIRST(&hmp->undo_lru_list);
459 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&hmp->undo_lru_list, node, lru_entry);
460 		RB_REMOVE(hammer_und_rb_tree, &hmp->rb_undo_root, node);
461 	}
462 	node->offset = offset;
463 	node->bytes = bytes;
464 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&hmp->undo_lru_list, node, lru_entry);
465 	onode = RB_INSERT(hammer_und_rb_tree, &hmp->rb_undo_root, node);
466 	KKASSERT(onode == NULL);
467 	return(0);
468 }
469 
470 void
471 hammer_clear_undo_history(hammer_mount_t hmp)
472 {
473 	RB_INIT(&hmp->rb_undo_root);
474 	TAILQ_INIT(&hmp->undo_lru_list);
475 	hmp->undo_alloc = 0;
476 }
477 
478 /*
479  * Return how much of the undo FIFO has been used
480  *
481  * The calculation includes undo FIFO space still reserved from a previous
482  * flush (because it will still be run on recovery if a crash occurs and
483  * we can't overwrite it yet).
484  */
485 int64_t
486 hammer_undo_used(hammer_transaction_t trans)
487 {
488 	hammer_blockmap_t cundomap;
489 	hammer_blockmap_t dundomap;
490 	int64_t max_bytes __debugvar;
491 	int64_t bytes;
492 
493 	cundomap = &trans->hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
494 	dundomap = &trans->rootvol->ondisk->
495 				vol0_blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
496 
497 	if (dundomap->first_offset <= cundomap->next_offset) {
498 		bytes = cundomap->next_offset - dundomap->first_offset;
499 	} else {
500 		bytes = cundomap->alloc_offset - dundomap->first_offset +
501 			HAMMER_OFF_LONG_ENCODE(cundomap->next_offset);
502 	}
503 	max_bytes = HAMMER_OFF_SHORT_ENCODE(cundomap->alloc_offset);
504 	KKASSERT(bytes <= max_bytes);
505 	return(bytes);
506 }
507 
508 /*
509  * Return how much of the undo FIFO is available for new records.
510  */
511 int64_t
512 hammer_undo_space(hammer_transaction_t trans)
513 {
514 	hammer_blockmap_t rootmap;
515 	int64_t max_bytes;
516 
517 	rootmap = &trans->hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
518 	max_bytes = HAMMER_OFF_SHORT_ENCODE(rootmap->alloc_offset);
519 	return(max_bytes - hammer_undo_used(trans));
520 }
521 
522 int64_t
523 hammer_undo_max(hammer_mount_t hmp)
524 {
525 	hammer_blockmap_t rootmap;
526 	int64_t max_bytes;
527 
528 	rootmap = &hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
529 	max_bytes = HAMMER_OFF_SHORT_ENCODE(rootmap->alloc_offset);
530 
531 	return(max_bytes);
532 }
533 
534 /*
535  * Returns 1 if the undo buffer should be reclaimed on release.  The
536  * only undo buffer we do NOT want to reclaim is the one at the current
537  * append offset.
538  */
539 int
540 hammer_undo_reclaim(hammer_io_t io)
541 {
542 	hammer_blockmap_t undomap;
543 	hammer_off_t next_offset;
544 
545 	undomap = &io->hmp->blockmap[HAMMER_ZONE_UNDO_INDEX];
546 	next_offset = undomap->next_offset & ~HAMMER_BUFMASK64;
547 	if (HAMMER_ITOB(io)->zoneX_offset == next_offset)
548 		return(0);
549 	return(1);
550 }
551