xref: /dragonfly/sys/vfs/tmpfs/tmpfs.h (revision e7d467f4)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tmpfs.h,v 1.26 2007/02/22 06:37:00 thorpej Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal, developed as part of Google's Summer of Code
9  * 2005 program.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  * $FreeBSD: src/sys/fs/tmpfs/tmpfs.h,v 1.18 2009/10/11 07:03:56 delphij Exp $
33  */
34 
35 #ifndef _VFS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
36 #define _VFS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
37 
38 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
39  * KERNEL-SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS
40  * --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
41 #include <sys/dirent.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/tree.h>
44 #include <sys/vnode.h>
45 #include <sys/file.h>
46 #include <sys/lock.h>
47 #include <sys/lockf.h>
48 #include <sys/mutex.h>
49 #include <sys/objcache.h>
50 
51 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/systm.h>
54 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
55 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
56 
57 MALLOC_DECLARE(M_TMPFSMNT);
58 
59 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
60 
61 /*
62  * Internal representation of a tmpfs directory entry.
63  */
64 struct tmpfs_dirent {
65 	RB_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent)	rb_node;
66 
67 	/* Length of the name stored in this directory entry.  This avoids
68 	 * the need to recalculate it every time the name is used. */
69 	uint16_t		td_namelen;
70 
71 	/* The name of the entry, allocated from a string pool.  This
72 	* string is not required to be zero-terminated; therefore, the
73 	* td_namelen field must always be used when accessing its value. */
74 	char 			*td_name;
75 
76 	/* Pointer to the node this entry refers to. */
77 	struct tmpfs_node 	*td_node;
78 };
79 
80 struct tmpfs_dirtree;
81 RB_HEAD(tmpfs_dirtree, tmpfs_dirent);
82 RB_PROTOTYPE(tmpfs_dirtree, tmpfs_dirent, rb_node,
83 	tmpfs_dirtree_compare);
84 
85 
86 /* A directory in tmpfs holds a set of directory entries, which in
87  * turn point to other files (which can be directories themselves).
88  *
89  * In tmpfs, this set is managed by a red-black tree, whose root is defined
90  * by the struct tmpfs_dirtree type.
91  *
92  * It is important to notice that directories do not have entries for . and
93  * .. as other file systems do.  These can be generated when requested
94  * based on information available by other means, such as the pointer to
95  * the node itself in the former case or the pointer to the parent directory
96  * in the latter case.  This is done to simplify tmpfs's code and, more
97  * importantly, to remove redundancy. */
98 
99 /* Each entry in a directory has a cookie that identifies it.  Cookies
100  * supersede offsets within directories because, given how tmpfs stores
101  * directories in memory, there is no such thing as an offset.  (Emulating
102  * a real offset could be very difficult.)
103  *
104  * The '.', '..' and the end of directory markers have fixed cookies which
105  * cannot collide with the cookies generated by other entries.  The cookies
106  * for the other entries are generated based on the memory address on which
107  * stores their information is stored.
108  *
109  * Ideally, using the entry's memory pointer as the cookie would be enough
110  * to represent it and it wouldn't cause collisions in any system.
111  * Unfortunately, this results in "offsets" with very large values which
112  * later raise problems in the Linux compatibility layer (and maybe in other
113  * places) as described in PR kern/32034.  Hence we need to workaround this
114  * with a rather ugly hack.
115  *
116  * Linux 32-bit binaries, unless built with _FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64, have off_t
117  * set to 'long', which is a 32-bit *signed* long integer.  Regardless of
118  * the macro value, GLIBC (2.3 at least) always uses the getdents64
119  * system call (when calling readdir) which internally returns off64_t
120  * offsets.  In order to make 32-bit binaries work, *GLIBC* converts the
121  * 64-bit values returned by the kernel to 32-bit ones and aborts with
122  * EOVERFLOW if the conversion results in values that won't fit in 32-bit
123  * integers (which it assumes is because the directory is extremely large).
124  * This wouldn't cause problems if we were dealing with unsigned integers,
125  * but as we have signed integers, this check fails due to sign expansion.
126  *
127  * For example, consider that the kernel returns the 0xc1234567 cookie to
128  * userspace in a off64_t integer.  Later on, GLIBC casts this value to
129  * off_t (remember, signed) with code similar to:
130  *     system call returns the offset in kernel_value;
131  *     off_t casted_value = kernel_value;
132  *     if (sizeof(off_t) != sizeof(off64_t) &&
133  *         kernel_value != casted_value)
134  *             error!
135  * In this case, casted_value still has 0xc1234567, but when it is compared
136  * for equality against kernel_value, it is promoted to a 64-bit integer and
137  * becomes 0xffffffffc1234567, which is different than 0x00000000c1234567.
138  * Then, GLIBC assumes this is because the directory is very large.
139  *
140  * Given that all the above happens in user-space, we have no control over
141  * it; therefore we must workaround the issue here.  We do this by
142  * truncating the pointer value to a 32-bit integer and hope that there
143  * won't be collisions.  In fact, this will not cause any problems in
144  * 32-bit platforms but some might arise in 64-bit machines (I'm not sure
145  * if they can happen at all in practice).
146  *
147  * XXX A nicer solution shall be attempted. */
148 #ifdef _KERNEL
149 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOT	0
150 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOTDOT	1
151 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_EOF	2
152 static __inline
153 off_t
154 tmpfs_dircookie(struct tmpfs_dirent *de)
155 {
156 	off_t cookie;
157 
158 	cookie = ((off_t)(uintptr_t)de >> 1) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
159 	KKASSERT(cookie != TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOT);
160 	KKASSERT(cookie != TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOTDOT);
161 	KKASSERT(cookie != TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_EOF);
162 
163 	return cookie;
164 }
165 #endif
166 
167 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
168 
169 /*
170  * Internal representation of a tmpfs file system node.
171  *
172  * This structure is splitted in two parts: one holds attributes common
173  * to all file types and the other holds data that is only applicable to
174  * a particular type.  The code must be careful to only access those
175  * attributes that are actually allowed by the node's type.
176  */
177 struct tmpfs_node {
178 	/* Doubly-linked list entry which links all existing nodes for a
179 	 * single file system.  This is provided to ease the removal of
180 	 * all nodes during the unmount operation. */
181 	LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_node)	tn_entries;
182 
183 	/* The node's type.  Any of 'VBLK', 'VCHR', 'VDIR', 'VFIFO',
184 	 * 'VLNK', 'VREG' and 'VSOCK' is allowed.  The usage of vnode
185 	 * types instead of a custom enumeration is to make things simpler
186 	 * and faster, as we do not need to convert between two types. */
187 	enum vtype		tn_type;
188 
189 	/* Node identifier. */
190 	ino_t			tn_id;
191 
192 	/* Node's internal status.  This is used by several file system
193 	 * operations to do modifications to the node in a delayed
194 	 * fashion. */
195 	int			tn_status;
196 #define	TMPFS_NODE_ACCESSED	(1 << 1)
197 #define	TMPFS_NODE_MODIFIED	(1 << 2)
198 #define	TMPFS_NODE_CHANGED	(1 << 3)
199 
200 	/* The node size.  It does not necessarily match the real amount
201 	 * of memory consumed by it. */
202 	off_t			tn_size;
203 
204 	/* Generic node attributes. */
205 	uid_t			tn_uid;
206 	gid_t			tn_gid;
207 	mode_t			tn_mode;
208 	int			tn_flags;
209 	nlink_t			tn_links;   /* requires mnt_token protection */
210 	int32_t			tn_atime;
211 	int32_t			tn_atimensec;
212 	int32_t			tn_mtime;
213 	int32_t			tn_mtimensec;
214 	int32_t			tn_ctime;
215 	int32_t			tn_ctimensec;
216 	unsigned long		tn_gen;
217 	struct lockf		tn_advlock;
218 
219 	/* As there is a single vnode for each active file within the
220 	 * system, care has to be taken to avoid allocating more than one
221 	 * vnode per file.  In order to do this, a bidirectional association
222 	 * is kept between vnodes and nodes.
223 	 *
224 	 * Whenever a vnode is allocated, its v_data field is updated to
225 	 * point to the node it references.  At the same time, the node's
226 	 * tn_vnode field is modified to point to the new vnode representing
227 	 * it.  Further attempts to allocate a vnode for this same node will
228 	 * result in returning a new reference to the value stored in
229 	 * tn_vnode.
230 	 *
231 	 * May be NULL when the node is unused (that is, no vnode has been
232 	 * allocated for it or it has been reclaimed). */
233 	struct vnode *		tn_vnode;
234 
235 	/* interlock to protect tn_vpstate */
236 	struct lock		tn_interlock;
237 
238 	/* Identify if current node has vnode assiocate with
239 	 * or allocating vnode.
240 	 */
241 	int		tn_vpstate;
242 
243 	/* misc data field for different tn_type node */
244 	union {
245 		/* Valid when tn_type == VBLK || tn_type == VCHR. */
246 		dev_t			tn_rdev; /*int32_t ?*/
247 
248 		/* Valid when tn_type == VDIR. */
249 		struct tn_dir {
250 			/* Pointer to the parent directory.  The root
251 			 * directory has a pointer to itself in this field;
252 			 * this property identifies the root node. */
253 			struct tmpfs_node *	tn_parent;
254 
255 			/* Root of a red-black tree that links the contents of
256 			 * the directory together.  See above for a
257 			 * description of its contents. */
258 			struct tmpfs_dirtree	tn_dirtree;
259 
260 			/* Number and pointer of the first directory entry
261 			 * returned by the readdir operation if it were
262 			 * called again to continue reading data from the
263 			 * same directory as before.  This is used to speed
264 			 * up reads of long directories, assuming that no
265 			 * more than one read is in progress at a given time.
266 			 * Otherwise, these values are discarded and a linear
267 			 * scan is performed from the beginning up to the
268 			 * point where readdir starts returning values. */
269 			off_t			tn_readdir_lastn;
270 			struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_readdir_lastp;
271 		} tn_dir;
272 
273 		/* Valid when tn_type == VLNK. */
274 		/* The link's target, allocated from a string pool. */
275 		char *			tn_link;
276 
277 		/* Valid when tn_type == VREG. */
278 		struct tn_reg {
279 			/* The contents of regular files stored in a tmpfs
280 			 * file system are represented by a single anonymous
281 			 * memory object (aobj, for short).  The aobj provides
282 			 * direct access to any position within the file,
283 			 * because its contents are always mapped in a
284 			 * contiguous region of virtual memory.  It is a task
285 			 * of the memory management subsystem (see uvm(9)) to
286 			 * issue the required page ins or page outs whenever
287 			 * a position within the file is accessed. */
288 			vm_object_t		tn_aobj;
289 			size_t			tn_aobj_pages;
290 
291 		} tn_reg;
292 
293 		/* Valid when tn_type = VFIFO */
294 		struct tn_fifo {
295 			int (*tn_fo_read)  (struct file *fp, struct uio *uio,
296 			        struct ucred *cred, int flags);
297 			int (*tn_fo_write) (struct file *fp, struct uio *uio,
298 			        struct ucred *cred, int flags);
299 		} tn_fifo;
300 	} tn_spec;
301 };
302 LIST_HEAD(tmpfs_node_list, tmpfs_node);
303 
304 #define tn_rdev tn_spec.tn_rdev
305 #define tn_dir tn_spec.tn_dir
306 #define tn_link tn_spec.tn_link
307 #define tn_reg tn_spec.tn_reg
308 #define tn_fifo tn_spec.tn_fifo
309 
310 #define TMPFS_NODE_LOCK(node) lockmgr(&(node)->tn_interlock, LK_EXCLUSIVE|LK_RETRY)
311 #define TMPFS_NODE_UNLOCK(node) lockmgr(&(node)->tn_interlock, LK_RELEASE)
312 #define TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node) (&(node)->tn_interlock)
313 
314 #ifdef INVARIANTS
315 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_LOCKED(node) do {					\
316 		KKASSERT(node != NULL);					\
317 		KKASSERT(node->tn_vnode != NULL);			\
318 		if (!vn_islocked(node->tn_vnode) &&			\
319 		    (lockstatus(TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node), curthread) == LK_EXCLUSIVE ))		\
320 			panic("tmpfs: node is not locked: %p", node);	\
321 	} while (0)
322 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_ELOCKED(node) do {					\
323 		KKASSERT((node) != NULL);				\
324 		KKASSERT(lockstatus(TMPFS_NODE_MTX(node), curthread) == LK_EXCLUSIVE);		\
325 	} while (0)
326 #else
327 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_LOCKED(node) (void)0
328 #define TMPFS_ASSERT_ELOCKED(node) (void)0
329 #endif
330 
331 #define TMPFS_VNODE_ALLOCATING	1
332 #define TMPFS_VNODE_WANT	2
333 #define TMPFS_VNODE_DOOMED	4
334 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
335 
336 /*
337  * Internal representation of a tmpfs mount point.
338  */
339 struct tmpfs_mount {
340 	struct mount		*tm_mount;
341 
342 	/* Maximum number of memory pages available for use by the file
343 	 * system, set during mount time.  This variable must never be
344 	 * used directly as it may be bigger than the current amount of
345 	 * free memory; in the extreme case, it will hold the SIZE_MAX
346 	 * value.  Instead, use the TMPFS_PAGES_MAX macro. */
347 	vm_pindex_t		tm_pages_max;
348 
349 	/* Number of pages in use by the file system.  Cannot be bigger
350 	 * than the value returned by TMPFS_PAGES_MAX in any case. */
351 	vm_pindex_t		tm_pages_used;
352 
353 	/* Pointer to the node representing the root directory of this
354 	 * file system. */
355 	struct tmpfs_node *	tm_root;
356 
357 	/* Maximum number of possible nodes for this file system; set
358 	 * during mount time.  We need a hard limit on the maximum number
359 	 * of nodes to avoid allocating too much of them; their objects
360 	 * cannot be released until the file system is unmounted.
361 	 * Otherwise, we could easily run out of memory by creating lots
362 	 * of empty files and then simply removing them. */
363 	ino_t			tm_nodes_max;
364 
365 	/* Number of nodes currently that are in use. */
366 	ino_t			tm_nodes_inuse;
367 
368 	/* maximum representable file size */
369 	u_int64_t		tm_maxfilesize;
370 
371 	/* Nodes are organized in two different lists.  The used list
372 	 * contains all nodes that are currently used by the file system;
373 	 * i.e., they refer to existing files.  The available list contains
374 	 * all nodes that are currently available for use by new files.
375 	 * Nodes must be kept in this list (instead of deleting them)
376 	 * because we need to keep track of their generation number (tn_gen
377 	 * field).
378 	 *
379 	 * Note that nodes are lazily allocated: if the available list is
380 	 * empty and we have enough space to create more nodes, they will be
381 	 * created and inserted in the used list.  Once these are released,
382 	 * they will go into the available list, remaining alive until the
383 	 * file system is unmounted. */
384 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_used;
385 
386 	/* Per-mount malloc zones for tmpfs nodes, names, and dirents */
387 	struct malloc_type	*tm_node_zone;
388 	struct malloc_type	*tm_dirent_zone;
389 	struct malloc_type	*tm_name_zone;
390 
391 	struct objcache_malloc_args tm_node_zone_malloc_args;
392 	struct objcache_malloc_args tm_dirent_zone_malloc_args;
393 
394 	/* Pools used to store file system meta data. */
395 	struct objcache		*tm_dirent_pool;
396 	struct objcache		*tm_node_pool;
397 
398 	int			tm_ino;
399 	int			tm_flags;
400 
401 	struct netexport	tm_export;
402 
403 	struct mount		*tm_mnt;
404 };
405 
406 #define TMPFS_LOCK(tm) lwkt_gettoken(&(tm)->tm_mount->mnt_token)
407 #define TMPFS_UNLOCK(tm) lwkt_reltoken(&(tm)->tm_mount->mnt_token)
408 
409 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
410 
411 /*
412  * This structure maps a file identifier to a tmpfs node.  Used by the
413  * NFS code.
414  */
415 struct tmpfs_fid {
416 	uint16_t		tf_len;
417 	uint16_t		tf_pad;
418 	ino_t			tf_id;
419 	unsigned long		tf_gen;
420 };
421 
422 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
423 
424 #ifdef _KERNEL
425 /*
426  * Prototypes for tmpfs_subr.c.
427  */
428 
429 int	tmpfs_alloc_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, enum vtype,
430 	    uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode, char *, int, int,
431 	    struct tmpfs_node **);
432 void	tmpfs_free_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *);
433 int	tmpfs_alloc_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *,
434 	    const char *, uint16_t, struct tmpfs_dirent **);
435 void	tmpfs_free_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
436 int	tmpfs_alloc_vp(struct mount *, struct tmpfs_node *, int,
437 	    struct vnode **);
438 void	tmpfs_free_vp(struct vnode *);
439 int	tmpfs_alloc_file(struct vnode *, struct vnode **, struct vattr *,
440 	    struct namecache *, struct ucred *, char *);
441 void	tmpfs_dir_attach(struct tmpfs_node *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
442 void	tmpfs_dir_detach(struct tmpfs_node *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
443 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookup(struct tmpfs_node *node,
444 			    struct tmpfs_node *f,
445 			    struct namecache *ncp);
446 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
447 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdotdent(struct tmpfs_mount *,
448 			    struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
449 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookupbycookie(struct tmpfs_node *, off_t);
450 int	tmpfs_dir_getdents(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *, off_t *);
451 int	tmpfs_reg_resize(struct vnode *, off_t, int);
452 int	tmpfs_chflags(struct vnode *, int, struct ucred *);
453 int	tmpfs_chmod(struct vnode *, mode_t, struct ucred *);
454 int	tmpfs_chown(struct vnode *, uid_t, gid_t, struct ucred *);
455 int	tmpfs_chsize(struct vnode *, u_quad_t, struct ucred *);
456 int	tmpfs_chtimes(struct vnode *, struct timespec *, struct timespec *,
457 	    int, struct ucred *);
458 void	tmpfs_itimes(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
459 	    const struct timespec *);
460 
461 void	tmpfs_update(struct vnode *);
462 int	tmpfs_truncate(struct vnode *, off_t);
463 int	tmpfs_node_ctor(void *obj, void *privdata, int flags);
464 
465 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
466 
467 /*
468  * Convenience macros to simplify some logical expressions.
469  */
470 #define IMPLIES(a, b) (!(a) || (b))
471 #define IFF(a, b) (IMPLIES(a, b) && IMPLIES(b, a))
472 
473 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
474 
475 /*
476  * Checks that the directory entry pointed by 'de' matches the name 'name'
477  * with a length of 'len'.
478  */
479 #define TMPFS_DIRENT_MATCHES(de, name, len) \
480     (de->td_namelen == (uint16_t)len && \
481     bcmp((de)->td_name, (name), (de)->td_namelen) == 0)
482 
483 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
484 
485 /*
486  * Ensures that the node pointed by 'node' is a directory and that its
487  * contents are consistent with respect to directories.
488  */
489 #define TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node) \
490     KKASSERT((node)->tn_type == VDIR); \
491     KKASSERT((node)->tn_size % sizeof(struct tmpfs_dirent) == 0); \
492     KKASSERT((node)->tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastp == NULL || \
493 	tmpfs_dircookie((node)->tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastp) == (node)->tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastn);
494 
495 #endif
496 
497 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
498 
499 /*
500  * Macros/functions to convert from generic data structures to tmpfs
501  * specific ones.
502  */
503 
504 static inline
505 struct tmpfs_mount *
506 VFS_TO_TMPFS(struct mount *mp)
507 {
508 	struct tmpfs_mount *tmp;
509 
510 	KKASSERT((mp) != NULL && (mp)->mnt_data != NULL);
511 	tmp = (struct tmpfs_mount *)(mp)->mnt_data;
512 	return tmp;
513 }
514 
515 static inline
516 struct tmpfs_node *
517 VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(struct vnode *vp)
518 {
519 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
520 
521 	KKASSERT((vp) != NULL && (vp)->v_data != NULL);
522 	node = (struct tmpfs_node *)vp->v_data;
523 	return node;
524 }
525 
526 static inline
527 struct tmpfs_node *
528 VP_TO_TMPFS_DIR(struct vnode *vp)
529 {
530 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
531 
532 	node = VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(vp);
533 	TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node);
534 	return node;
535 }
536 
537 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
538 /*
539  * buffer cache size
540  */
541 #define BSIZE (off_t)16384          /* buffer cache size*/
542 #define BMASK (off_t)(BSIZE - 1)
543 
544 #endif /* _VFS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_ */
545